CN102674553A - Method for selecting aquatic plants of ecological wetland - Google Patents
Method for selecting aquatic plants of ecological wetland Download PDFInfo
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- CN102674553A CN102674553A CN2012101401768A CN201210140176A CN102674553A CN 102674553 A CN102674553 A CN 102674553A CN 2012101401768 A CN2012101401768 A CN 2012101401768A CN 201210140176 A CN201210140176 A CN 201210140176A CN 102674553 A CN102674553 A CN 102674553A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of ecological remediation of environments and provides a method for selecting aquatic plants of an ecological wetland. The method comprises the following steps of: investigating the ecological wetland, and acquiring natural condition information of the ecological wetland; preliminarily selecting the aquatic plants according to the natural condition information; observing and comparing the aquatic plants which are preliminarily selected, and screening aquatic plant varieties which meet the natural condition information; and configuring the screened aquatic plant varieties in combination with landscape construction, ecological effect and humanistic aesthetics, and planting an aquatic plant community. Therefore, a set of scientific, normative and high-efficiency methods for performing the ecological remediation of wetlands (from the seed selection of the aquatic plants to the reasonable configuration and application of the aquatic plants) is formed; and meanwhile, the planted aquatic plant community can effectively regulate the hydrological cycle of water bodies of ecological wetlands, enrich the biodiversity and maintain the ecological balance, and has important effects of remediating ecological environments and promoting self-purification capacity.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to environmental ecology recovery technique field, relate in particular to the matching method of a kind of ecological wetland waterplant.
Background technology
Usually at northern area, the application kind of waterplant is fewer, generally has only few species such as reed, lotus and cold-resistant water lily.Along with water landscape property and ecological purification requirements in water quality are increasingly high, diversified waterplant, the increasing demand of making aquatic landscape ecological group increase.Suit measures to local conditions, scientifically select, whether dispose application, not only have influence on view U.S.A, and can exert an influence, and then influence the eubiosis, the aquatic ecosystem view of unifying is built and to be extremely important water quality.
Yet; There is very stern challenge in the selection design configurations of waterplant to many tDesignerss and slip-stick artist; They generally have little understanding to morphological specificity, growth characteristics and the function effectiveness etc. of most of waterplant, simultaneously to the waterplant of this locality kind insufficient recognition of one's native land.Therefore; Selecting, existing when configuration is used do things creatively psychology, superficiality, blindness, irrationality phenomenon; Caused a lot of unnecessary troubles and loss, blindness is introduced a fine variety even may be caused destruction or the threat to the local ecosystem and species diversity.
At present, do not form a cover waterplant all the time as yet and use a cover science, standard, the high-efficiency method of carrying out the Wetland ecological reparation from the reasonable disposition of choosing seeds.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the embodiment of the invention is to provide the matching method of a kind of ecological wetland waterplant, is intended to solve prior art and does not form a cover waterplant is used the cover science of carrying out Wetland ecological and repairing, standard, high-efficiency method from the reasonable disposition of choosing seeds problem all the time as yet.
The embodiment of the invention is achieved in that the matching method of a kind of ecological wetland waterplant, and said method specifically comprises the steps:
Ecological wetland is investigated, obtained the natural condition information of ecological wetland;
According to said natural condition information, waterplant is carried out initial option;
Waterplant to initial option is observed, compares, and filters out the waterplant kind that is consistent with said natural condition information;
The waterplant kind that filters out is configured the planting aquatic vegetation in conjunction with view construction, ecologic effect and humane aesthetics.
Further, said waterplant to initial option is observed, compares, and the step that filters out the waterplant kind that is consistent with said natural condition information specifically comprises the steps:
From biology, ecology and practical application aspect, the waterplant of primary election is observed record;
Ecological adaptation proterties and population renewal to said waterplant are observed with expansion, contrast the variation of its upgrowth situation and quantity;
Growth factor to influencing said waterplant is analyzed.
Further, said growth factor comprises biotic factor, abiotic factor and anthropogenic factor.
Further, said natural condition information comprises weather condition, water body characteristic, soil characteristic, animal distribution, ecosystem vegetation present situation and peripheral mankind's activity information.
In embodiments of the present invention, ecological wetland is investigated, obtained the natural condition information of ecological wetland; According to said natural condition information, waterplant is carried out initial option; Waterplant to initial option is observed, compares, and filters out the waterplant kind that is consistent with said natural condition information; The waterplant kind that filters out is configured the planting aquatic vegetation in conjunction with view construction, ecologic effect and humane aesthetics.Thereby form a cover waterplant and use science, standard, the high-efficiency method of carrying out the Wetland ecological reparation from the reasonable disposition of choosing seeds.Simultaneously, the aquatic vegetation of this planting is effectively regulated ecological wetland water body Water Cycle, enriches species diversity, keeps the eubiosis, plays a part very important for ecotope reparation, the self-detergent power of lifting.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the realization flow figure of the matching method of the ecological wetland waterplant that provides of prior art.
Embodiment
In order to make the object of the invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer,, the present invention is further elaborated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explanation the present invention, and be not used in qualification the present invention.
In embodiments of the present invention, ecological wetland is investigated, obtained the natural condition information of ecological wetland; According to natural condition information, waterplant is carried out initial option; Waterplant to initial option is observed, compares, and filters out the waterplant kind that is consistent with natural condition information; The waterplant kind that filters out is configured the planting aquatic vegetation in conjunction with view construction, ecologic effect and humane aesthetics.
Fig. 1 shows the realization flow of the matching method of the ecological wetland waterplant that the embodiment of the invention provides, and its concrete step is described below:
In step S101, ecological wetland is investigated, obtain the natural condition information of ecological wetland.
Wherein, natural condition information comprises weather condition, water body characteristic, soil characteristic, animal distribution, ecosystem vegetation present situation and peripheral mankind's activity information, and this natural condition information is the project information that needs investigation.
In step S102,, waterplant is carried out initial option according to natural condition information.
In this step; The condition of this initial option waterplant is: strong, the good purification of durability against pollution, plant rightly, and develop resource of one's native land and introduce new quality product kind with science and combine; Well developed root system; Living weight is big, has ecological security, has certain economic, view benefit, cultureal value and comprehensive utilization value.
After the waterplant primary election, in the test site, this test site can be to preestablish a panel region, as experiment with the water plant planting of this primary election.
In step S103, the waterplant of initial option is observed, compares, filter out the waterplant kind that is consistent with natural condition information.
In this embodiment, observe being planted in waterplant in the test site, relatively, comprise specifically that many aspects are following to provide brightly specifically, repeat no more at this.
In step S104, the waterplant kind that filters out is configured the planting aquatic vegetation in conjunction with view construction, ecologic effect and humane aesthetics.
In embodiments of the present invention, above-mentioned waterplant to initial option is observed, compares, and the step that filters out the waterplant kind that is consistent with natural condition information specifically comprises:
1, from biology, ecological and practical application aspect, the waterplant of primary election is observed record.
Be primarily aimed at the biology of waterplant, ecological characteristic and the maximally related characteristic-morphological specificity of practical application, growth rhythm (phenology), the dormancy of surviving the winter etc. and observe record; Record just bud time, flowering time, as a result time, withered time, the dormancy situation of surviving the winter, winter information such as view, its green phase, flowering fruit bearing stage, viewing period etc. are observed, add up, relatively.
2, ecological adaptation proterties and the population renewal of waterplant are observed with expansion, contrasted the variation of its upgrowth situation and quantity.
Aspect the ecological adaptation proterties and population renewal and expansion (breeding) of waterplant,, can filter out dominant growth kind, the surging kind of procreation ability etc. through observation its upgrowth situation of contrast and number change thereof.
3, the growth factor that influences waterplant is analyzed.
Through of the influence of further test contrast growth factor to waterplant; This growth factor comprises biotic factor, abiotic factor and anthropogenic factor; Biotic factor comprises illumination, temperature, matrix bed mud, pH value, water level, water flow velocity, water quality condition, terrain etc.; Abiotic factor comprises predation, parasitism, competition and reciprocal symbiosis etc., and the anthropogenic factor comprises that estrepement is herded excessively, industrial pollution etc.
In embodiments of the present invention, in conjunction with view construction, ecologic effect and humane aesthstic the waterplant kind that filters out is configured, the step of planting aquatic vegetation specifically be appreciated that into:
One, builds the angle configurations waterplant from view
According to change with unified, coordinate the basic plant landscaping principle with contrast, symmetrical and balance, the rhythm and rhythm; Must guard against " shirt rim decoration " has lost attractive in appearance; Answer variation in 4 o'clock according to aspect, green phase, florescence, pattern, style, lines, the scale of construction from waterplant bring out the best in each other; Keep certain balance and the relation of ratio with environment, can build in picturesque disorder, coordination is proper, be rich in poetic harmony, natural, comfortable water landscape.Mainly from multi-form starting with such as the big area water surface, the small area water surface, artificial streams arm of lake, natural rivers.
Two, from ecologic effect angle configurations waterplant
Must be with the water conditioning of wetland as foundation; Build system of natural wetland biological and ecological group; Formation is by the good ecologic community of " emergent-floatingleaved plant-pleuston-submerged plant " optimum combination; Prevent the infringement of single population, also suppressed the low body eutrophication that waits phycophyta simultaneously; To be main being configured with the indigenous plant, enrich species diversity simultaneously; Selection and collocation kind will suit; Select the depth of water scope of suitable growth; Select kind configurations different under different soils, the envrionment conditions; The vegetation type configuration that the different choice of planting season is different; Select different vegetation type purification functions different, being configured of emphasis arranged; With cover plant, view and admire the grass type and the multi-level configuration of other shrubs etc.
Three, from humane aesthstic angle configuration waterplant
Through artistic composite principle, embody the bearty in form of waterplant individuality and colony, and the artistic conception that people are produced is beautiful when appreciating.Comprehensive waterplant view is multiple type of plantation, eurypalynous waterplant, and the waterplant of different shape and color can cause people's various psychological activities and dramatic effect.
As a concrete example of the present invention, the following * river ecological wetland waterplant apolegamy scheme that provides:
The technology implementation scheme that provides according to the foregoing description; At first the upper reaches, * river ecological wetland has been carried out a series of on-the-spot The effect; Have to the ground emphasis and selected the stronger waterplant kind of flexibility; For example: yellow flag, Spiked Loosestrife etc.; Set up the keynote background of auxiliary primary reed of wetland and submerged plant; Introduce then sea longevity flower, Bai Haishou flower, cold-resistant water lily, cattail, lotus, Ze Tai, TIANZICAO, Rhizome of Grass leaf Sweelflag, Gorgon fruit (sowing), Scirpus tabernaemontani, again power flower, water hair flower, spend Lin, duckweed, Herba azollae imbricatae, Herba Eichhorniae or the like 23 kinds of waterplant, passed through series of selection, filtered out optimum kind, enriched type kind, unfavorable kind etc.
The wetland habitat that river bend, waters in the wetland, shoal, pool, shoal etc. are complicated and changeable and the revetment line of zigzag, all integrated application view constructions, ecologic effect and humane aesthstic three aspects are carried out various water landscapes and are built.Through 3 years facts have proved that the inventive method practicality, specific aim are very strong, introduce a fine variety screening and TR standard comparatively; The successful introduction rate is up to more than 96.50%; The surviving rate of waterplant on average reaches 97.30%, has practiced thrift engineering cost greatly, and economic benefit is distinct.Simultaneously, use, make that scape is various informative, artistic conception is far-reaching through the configuration of multi-angle waterplant.
The emphasis scenic spot current, that * river ecological wetland has become known far and wide science and education base and tourism at present, lain fallow, spends a holiday has produced ecological benefits and the social benefit that can't estimate.
As another concrete example of the present invention, the following * * city * * reservoir ecological wetland waterplant apolegamy scheme that provides:
In * * city * * reservoir ecological wetland comprehensive management engineering design and construction, at first the on-site actual situations of this project has been carried out abundant omnibearing investigation.Reed, Spiked Loosestrife, yellow flag, Hai Shouhua, Bai Haishou flower, Ze Tai, TIANZICAO, Rhizome of Grass leaf Sweelflag, Gorgon fruit, 16 kinds of waterplant such as power flower have again been introduced; Filtered out suitable waterplant by easy stages; Carry out science simultaneously, the configuration of reasonable, artistic waterplant is used; Effectively avoided blindly introducing a fine variety the loss of screening, the surviving rate that improves nursery stock reaches more than 95.80%.Thereby reduced cost, and the view molding effect is splendid, quality of water environment has obtained obvious lifting, has obtained social extensive favorable comment, and economic benefit, social benefit, ecological benefits are remarkable.This project is held the recent development trend of current gardens construction; Adhere to brief, hydrophilic and humanity concept, science is introduced a fine variety screening, holds waterplant and disposes advanced theory; Built by aquatic to humidogene; Arrive the ecological succession view of Lu Sheng again, formed many places pure natural, ecological wetland revetment, benefit the harmonious Sustainable development of the whole big ecospheres such as people and plant-animal, water surrounding.
In embodiments of the present invention, ecological wetland is investigated, obtained the natural condition information of ecological wetland; According to natural condition information, waterplant is carried out initial option; Waterplant to initial option is observed, compares, and filters out the waterplant kind that is consistent with natural condition information; The waterplant kind that filters out is configured the planting aquatic vegetation in conjunction with view construction, ecologic effect and humane aesthetics.Thereby form a cover waterplant and use science, standard, the high-efficiency method of carrying out the Wetland ecological reparation from the reasonable disposition of choosing seeds.Simultaneously, the aquatic vegetation of this planting is effectively regulated ecological wetland water body Water Cycle, enriches species diversity, keeps the eubiosis, plays a part very important for ecotope reparation, the self-detergent power of lifting.
The above is merely preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to restriction the present invention, all any modifications of within spirit of the present invention and principle, being done, is equal to and replaces and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. the matching method of an ecological wetland waterplant is characterized in that, said method specifically comprises the steps:
Ecological wetland is investigated, obtained the natural condition information of ecological wetland;
According to said natural condition information, waterplant is carried out initial option;
Waterplant to initial option is observed, compares, and filters out the waterplant kind that is consistent with said natural condition information;
The waterplant kind that filters out is configured the planting aquatic vegetation in conjunction with view construction, ecologic effect and humane aesthetics.
2. the matching method of ecological wetland waterplant according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Said waterplant to initial option is observed, compares, and the step that filters out the waterplant kind that is consistent with said natural condition information specifically comprises the steps:
From biology, ecology and practical application aspect, the waterplant of primary election is observed record;
Ecological adaptation proterties and population renewal to said waterplant are observed with expansion, contrast the variation of its upgrowth situation and quantity;
Growth factor to influencing said waterplant is analyzed.
3. the matching method of ecological wetland waterplant according to claim 2 is characterized in that, said growth factor comprises biotic factor, abiotic factor and anthropogenic factor.
4. the matching method of ecological wetland waterplant according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said natural condition information comprises weather condition, water body characteristic, soil characteristic, animal distribution, ecosystem vegetation present situation and peripheral mankind's activity information.
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| CN2012101401768A CN102674553A (en) | 2012-05-08 | 2012-05-08 | Method for selecting aquatic plants of ecological wetland |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104532789A (en) * | 2014-12-04 | 2015-04-22 | 北京科技大学 | Construction method suitable for streamside plant structure in northern cold region |
| CN104986861A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2015-10-21 | 南京信息工程大学 | Underflow type artificial wetland plant arrangement method used for purifying sewage of thermal power plant |
| CN108439608A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2018-08-24 | 安徽省大地园林工程有限公司 | A kind of wetland park water plant water environment purification method |
| CN108640282A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-10-12 | 江西省科学院 | A kind of wetland plant screening technique being able to maintain that artificial swamp bio-diversity |
| CN110096752A (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2019-08-06 | 沈阳环境科学研究院 | Wetland plant configuration method based on optimal method |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2004209465A (en) * | 2002-12-19 | 2004-07-29 | Kato Construction Co Ltd | Wetland type water purification system |
| CN201313855Y (en) * | 2008-11-05 | 2009-09-23 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Ecological side slope marsh structure for purifying water quality of riverways |
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2012
- 2012-05-08 CN CN2012101401768A patent/CN102674553A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004209465A (en) * | 2002-12-19 | 2004-07-29 | Kato Construction Co Ltd | Wetland type water purification system |
| CN201313855Y (en) * | 2008-11-05 | 2009-09-23 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Ecological side slope marsh structure for purifying water quality of riverways |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 王小青 等: "临沂城市湿地公园植物区域功能性选择与配置初探", 《湿地科学与管理》, vol. 7, no. 3, 30 September 2011 (2011-09-30) * |
| 邓辅唐 等: "滇池治理人工湿地植物的筛选与应用研究", 《中山大学学报（自然科学版）》, vol. 44, 30 June 2005 (2005-06-30) * |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104532789A (en) * | 2014-12-04 | 2015-04-22 | 北京科技大学 | Construction method suitable for streamside plant structure in northern cold region |
| CN104986861A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2015-10-21 | 南京信息工程大学 | Underflow type artificial wetland plant arrangement method used for purifying sewage of thermal power plant |
| CN104986861B (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2017-04-12 | 南京信息工程大学 | Underflow type artificial wetland plant arrangement method used for purifying sewage of thermal power plant |
| CN108640282A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-10-12 | 江西省科学院 | A kind of wetland plant screening technique being able to maintain that artificial swamp bio-diversity |
| CN108439608A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2018-08-24 | 安徽省大地园林工程有限公司 | A kind of wetland park water plant water environment purification method |
| CN110096752A (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2019-08-06 | 沈阳环境科学研究院 | Wetland plant configuration method based on optimal method |
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Application publication date: 20120919 |