CN102674552B - Water treatment system of artificial wetland - Google Patents
Water treatment system of artificial wetland Download PDFInfo
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- CN102674552B CN102674552B CN201110054262.2A CN201110054262A CN102674552B CN 102674552 B CN102674552 B CN 102674552B CN 201110054262 A CN201110054262 A CN 201110054262A CN 102674552 B CN102674552 B CN 102674552B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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Abstract
The invention belongs to a water purifying treatment system, in particular to a water treatment system of an artificial wetland. The water treatment system of the artificial wetland comprises wetland plants, a wetland bed, a water inlet pipe, a water flowing wall and a water outlet pipe, a multi-layer filtering matrix in the wetland bed consists of a clay medium layer, a rubble transition layer, a gravel layer, a rubble layer and an impermeable ventilating layer, the impermeable ventilating layer consists of waterproof ventilating particles, and gas molecules formed among the waterproof ventilating particles can flow through pores while liquid water molecules cannot pass through the pores. The impermeable ventilating layer is laid, so that on the one hand, water can be effectively prevented from running off to underground water to pollute the underground water in a purification process, on the other hand, a water layer is communicated with earth gas of strata, deterioration of the water and water environment can be effectively prevented, and ecological balance of the water can be kept.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to water body purification treatment system, be specifically related to a kind of artificial wetland water body treatment system.
Background technology
Artificial swamp is a kind of comprehensive ecosystem, built and the ground similar with swampland of controlling run by artificial, water body, mud there is the dosing of control on the artificial wetland built, water body and mud are in the process flowed in a certain direction, mainly utilize soil, artificial dielectric, plant, the physics of microorganism, chemistry, biological triple synergy, to a kind of technology that water body, mud process.Intergrowth of species, material cycle regeneration principle in its application ecosystem, structure and fuction coordination principle, under the eucyclic prerequisite of promotion Pollutants in Wastewater matter, gives full play to the production potential of resource, prevent polluting again of environment, obtain the optimum efficiency of water body process and resource utilization.The mechanism of action comprises absorption, delay, filtration, redox, precipitation, microbial decomposition, conversion, plant are covered, the effect of residue accumulated, water transpiration and nutrition absorption and all kinds of animal.There is the features such as buffer capacity is large, treatment effect good, technique is simple, reduced investment, working cost are low, in being applicable to very much, the water body process of samll cities and towns.
Chinese patent CN200946117Y discloses a kind of reflecting flow type undercurrent artificial everglade, artificial swamp described in this patent is made up of pump sump, influent weir, wetland bed body and outlet sump, described wetland bed body place Min layers is provided with bed filtration matrix, the direction that the bed body middle part of described artificial swamp is vertical with current is provided with deflected current wall, further, the both sides of described constructed wetland bed body middle part are provided with deflected current wall.Described deflected current wall brick material assembles, and also can be fixed on a body edge with plastic plate, Wingdale etc.This artificial swamp arranges deflected current wall in the both sides of described bed body, force water body after the water distributing pore of influent weir flows into described constructed wetland bed body, flow in Wetland Substrate bed in snakelike fluidised form, add the area that water body flows through matrix bed body, extend the residence time of water body in wetland to realize efficiently processing water body.
But, also there are some shortcomings in the artificial wet land system described in this patent: 1, although flow into water body through deflected current wall drainage successively repetitive stream through each layer matrix, not only reach the effect of filtering water body, strengthen wetland plant to inorganic N various in water body simultaneously, the nitrification of P element, but because the wetland bed body bottom described in this patent is not provided with water-resisting layer, water body can be permeated the ground in a large number in the process flowing through wetland bed body, may produce underground water or soil on the one hand and pollute and harm, also the storage at the water source after processing after filtration is unfavorable on the other hand, waste resource, 2, wetland plant needs certain oxygen effect when the inorganic N of nitration treatment, P element, even comparatively a small amount of air flow, otherwise can nutrition accumulation effect be produced because of the very few of water oxygen level and then pollute whole wet land system, but obviously do not consider the impact of this factor in the artificial wet land system described in this patent, any measure does not prevent this phenomenon, 3, described deflected current wall uses brick material to assemble or use plastic plate, Wingdale etc. to be fixed on a body edge, stop that water body directly flows transversely through described constructed wetland bed body, therefore directly deflected current wall can not be crossed when described deflected current wall needs higher height to stop water body to come through in a large number, but owing to being subject to the restriction of deflected current wall requirement for height, when water body comes through the space of deflected current wall end in a large number, the phenomenon that water amount is uneven will certainly be there is, the filter substrate that excessive pressure likely can wash away near deflected current wall end is out of shape, and affects long-term filter effect, 4, water body enters as after pump sump, described wetland bed body is flowed into by the water distributing pore on influent weir, although water body is through preliminary macrobead contamination filtrating, but inject wetland bed body when water body pours in only by water distributing pore, one side hydraulic pressure is crossed conference and is impacted crossing mill weir, water efficiency can be affected when remaining macrobead dirt blocking water distributing pore on the other hand, cause seeping phenomenon.
Chinese patent CN2928836Y discloses a kind of plant bed water body recycling treatment system, treatment system described in this patent has the plant bed tectosome be enclosed to form by impermeable wall, fill stratum, water conservation layer, mixed filler layer and water-resisting layer is provided with from top to bottom successively in plant bed, the anti seepage membrane that described water-resisting layer selects macromolecular material to make, further selects polyvinyl chloride or polypropylene anti seepage membrane.Although the water source storage problem of water body after the purification that this wet land system solves, its anti seepage membrane water-resisting layer selected also has intercepted underground gas and has infiltrated wet land system while water proof antiseepage, easily produces water body inrichment, is unfavorable for the purification of water quality.
Summary of the invention
For this reason, technical problem to be solved by this invention is cannot solve in artificial wet land system of the prior art simultaneously prevents blending ventilative problem, and then provides a kind of artificial wet land treating system with high barrier property and fine air permeability.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, artificial wetland water body treatment system of the present invention, comprising:
Wetland plant;
Wetland bed body: described wetland bed body laid inside has bed filtration matrix, described wetland bed body top plantation has described wetland plant, each layer filter substrate that water body flows through described wetland bed body is purified process, and described bed filtration matrix comprises clay medium layer, gravel bed and metalling from top to bottom;
Water inlet pipe: the side being arranged at described wetland bed body, for injecting described wetland bed body by sewage;
Cross waterwall: be arranged between described water inlet pipe and described wetland bed body, described waterwall of crossing is provided with water hole, and the water body injected through described water inlet pipe flows into wetland bed body through described water hole;
Rising pipe: be arranged at the other end that described wetland bed body is corresponding with described water inlet pipe, the water body after filtration treatment flows out described wetland bed body by described rising pipe;
Described wetland bed body also comprises the impermeable gas-bearing formation being arranged at described metalling lower floor, and described impermeable gas-bearing formation is made up of waterproof and breathable particle, and the gas molecule formed between described waterproof and breathable particle can pass through and the impervious hole of liquid water molecules.
Described wetland bed body inside is provided with deflected current wall, and water body flows through described deflected current wall surface in described wetland bed body, forms serpentine fluid.
The height of described deflected current wall equals the height of described wetland bed body, and the two ends of described deflected current wall are built mutually with the upper and lower surface of described wetland bed body respectively and connect, and forms block and connect end;
It is that the permeable block containing seepy material connects end that a block of each described deflected current wall connects end, described seepy material formed can only make liquid water molecules through hole, and the permeable block of adjacent two described deflected current walls connects end is in different horizontal planes, the coefficient of permeability that described permeable block connects end is (0.1-1.0) × 10
-2m/s.
The height of described deflected current wall is less than the height of described wetland bed body, described deflected current wall is built mutually with the upper and lower surface of described wetland bed body respectively spaced reciprocally and is connect, described deflected current wall comprises top deflected current wall that to build mutually with described wetland bed body upper surface and connect and builds with described wetland bed body lower surface the bottom deflected current wall connect mutually, described top deflected current wall has builds with described wetland bed body upper surface the coupling end connect mutually, away from the free end of described coupling end and the choked flow district between described coupling end and described free end, described bottom deflected current wall have with described wetland bed body bottom build the coupling end connect mutually, away from the free end of described coupling end and the choked flow district between described coupling end and described free end, the described free end of described top deflected current wall and described bottom deflected current wall is all containing seepy material, between described seepy material formed can only make liquid water molecules through hole.
Described hole is of a size of 50-150 μm.
The coupling end of described deflected current wall and choked flow district form by waterproof and breathable particle and hydrophobic binder bonding, and forming gas molecule between adjacent described waterproof and breathable particle can pass through and the impervious hole of liquid water molecules.
Described wetland bed body also comprises the rubble transition layer be layed between described clay medium layer and described gravel bed, and the described coupling end of described top deflected current wall is deeply to described clay medium layer, and described free end is deeply to described gravel bed; The described coupling end of described bottom deflected current wall is deeply to described impermeable gas-bearing formation, and described free end is deeply to described rubble transition layer.
The pore size of described each layer filter substrate is closed and is: the impermeable gas-bearing formation of metalling > gravel bed > rubble transition layer >.
Described cross waterwall contain seepy material, formed can make liquid water molecules through structure.
Described seepy material comprises silica sand particles and binding agent, and at least includes hydrophilic agglomerant.
Described hydrophilic agglomerant is one or more in epoxy resin, urethane and acrylic resin, and the molecular side chain in described epoxy resin, urethane and acrylic resin contains on hydrophilic carboxylic acid's salt, sulfonate, ammonium salt, hydroxyl or main chain containing non-ionic hydrophilic segment.
Described waterproof and breathable particle comprises silica sand particles and is coated on the lyophobic dust on described silica sand particles.Described lyophobic dust is the hydrophobic resin film be coated on described silica sand particles, and described hydrophobic resin film is by one or more films formed in hydrophobicity epoxy resin, resol, urethane resin and silicone resin.
Described hydrophobic nature binding agent is a kind of or wherein several mixture in fluorine-containing epoxy resin binding agent, siliceous epoxy adhesive, silicone sealants, Polyurethane, alkyd resin and resol.
Described wetland plant is reed, cattail or giantreed.
Described lyophobic dust is the 1-8wt% of silica sand particles.
The aperture of the hole between described waterproof and breathable particle is 0.001-0.3 mm, and that more excellent is 0.01-0.2 mm.
Described seepy material of the present invention comprises: silica sand particles and binding agent, and at least includes hydrophilic agglomerant, and the mass percent that binding agent used accounts for silica sand particles is no less than 20%.Binding agent in described binding agent except hydrophilic agglomerant is resin glue.The grain diameter of described silica sand particles is 0.05-2mm.Described hydrophilic agglomerant is hydrophilic resin binding agent, the arbitrary combination of more excellent is epoxy resin, urethane and acrylic resin three, the molecular side chain in described epoxy resin, urethane and acrylic resin contains on hydrophilic carboxylic acid's salt, sulfonate, ammonium salt, hydroxyl or main chain containing non-ionic hydrophilic segment.Meanwhile, be also added with aliphatic polyamine or alicyclic polyamine class solidifying agent in described epoxy resin, the mass percent that its consumption accounts for epoxy resin is 60%; Polyurethane curing reaction catalyst is also added with in described urethane resin.A small amount of mineral binder bond can be added with in described binding agent, be added with siliceous, admire or the coupling agent of the element such as phosphorus, photostabilizer and/or antioxidant, hydrophilic inorganic material, as one or more in diatomite, wilkinite, perlite.
Described lyophobic dust in described waterproof and breathable particle is hydrophobic resin film, and the quality of described hydrophobic resin film accounts for 1 ~ 8% of silica sand particles quality.Described hydrophobic resin film is by one or more films formed in hydrophobicity epoxy resin, resol, urethane resin and silicone resin.Preferably, described hydrophobicity epoxy resin is glycidyl ether type epoxy resin, glycidyl ester epoxy resin, glycidyl amine epoxy resin, linear aliphatic based epoxy resin, alicyclic based epoxy resin, polysulfide-rubber-modified epoxy, polyamide resin modified epoxy, the tertiary butyraldehyde modified epoxy of polyvinyl alcohol, acrylonitrile butadiene rubber modified epoxy resin, phenolic resin modified epoxy resin, vibrin modified epoxy, urine aldehyde melamine resin modified epoxy, furfuryl resin modified epoxy, ethenoid resin modified epoxy, one or more in isocyanate modified epoxy resin or silicone-modified epoxy resin, described hydrophobicity resol is one or more in dimethylbenzene modified phenolic resins, epoxy modified phenolic or Effect of Organosilicon-modified Phenol-formaldehyde Resin.
Further, hydrophobic resin as previously discussed can be obtained by following method modification, and concrete method of modifying is:
By epoxy resin, as Tetra hydro Phthalic anhydride or maleic anhydride, with oil-soluble monomer copolymerization, described oil-soluble monomer is: alkyl acrylate, alkyl methacrylate, ethylacrylic acid, vinyl acetate, allyl acetate, sodium vinyl sulfonate, methylvinylether, methallyl ether, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, dimethylaminoethyl acrylate, acrylate propyl ester, vinylformic acid diethylin propyl ester, acrylate butyl ester, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, any one in diethylaminoethyl methacrylate.
Or, also by epoxy resin graft modification, graftomer can be formed; By the hydrophilic radical of epoxy resin, as hydroxyl, react with hydrophobic function monomer, connect; Hydrophobic function monomer is: phenyl aldehyde, and alkylbenzaldehyde (a large class), utilizes the reaction of hydroxyl and aldehyde radical.
Or, also epoxy resin can be carried out substitution reaction, under the catalyzed reaction of illumination, participate in substitution reaction with chlorine, halogen be received above epoxy resin, to improve hydrophobic performance.
In addition, can add in described hydrophobic resin film and have solidifying agent, and add different solidifying agent for different resins, wherein, the selection of solidifying agent is specific as follows:
For glycidyl ether type epoxy resin, glycidyl ester epoxy resin, glycidyl amine epoxy resin, linear aliphatic based epoxy resin, alicyclic based epoxy resin, polysulfide-rubber-modified epoxy, polyamide resin modified epoxy, the tertiary butyraldehyde modified epoxy of polyvinyl alcohol, acrylonitrile butadiene rubber modified epoxy resin, phenolic resin modified epoxy resin, vibrin modified epoxy, urine aldehyde melamine resin modified epoxy, furfuryl resin modified epoxy, ethenoid resin modified epoxy, isocyanate modified epoxy resin or silicone-modified epoxy resin, preferably solidifying agent is aliphatic amide, aliphatic cyclic amine, aromatic amine, polymeric amide, acid anhydrides, any one or several in tertiary amine,
For dimethylbenzene modified phenolic resins, epoxy modified phenolic or Effect of Organosilicon-modified Phenol-formaldehyde Resin, preferably solidifying agent is hexamethylenetetramine;
For silicone resin, preferably solidifying agent is dibutyl tin dilaurate or any one or several in tetramethyl-guanidinesalt of N, N, N', N' mono-;
For hydrophobic polyurethane resin, its solidifying agent is the affixture of tolylene diisocyanate TDI and Trimethoprim TMP, the tripolymer of the prepolymer of TDI and hydroxyl component and the agent of single-component moisture solidification, TDI.
For unsaturated polyester (polymkeric substance of terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol), the solidifying agent added during normal temperature is ketone peroxide and cobalt naphthenate; The solidifying agent added during heating is one or more in peroxidized t-butyl perbenzoate, peroxy dicarbonate, dialkyl peroxide, the tertiary own ester of peroxidation acid and bis peroxy dicarbonate.
Further, described lyophobic dust can also be in tetrafluoroethylene, vegetables oil, copper silicon, siloxanes, hydrocarbon and copolymerization polyvinylidene chloride any one or its combination.Preferably, described hydrocarbon comprise in paraffin, kerosene, diesel oil, crude oil, petroleum distillate, solvent oil and aliphatic solvents any one or its combination.
Wherein, the method for described hydrophobic material on described silica sand particles for being coated on described silica sand particles, and being spraying, flooding or soaking silica sand particles in the liquor of lyophobic dust with chemistry coating silica sand particles by described lyophobic dust; Or for the thin-film sheet of using hydrophobic material is coated in silica sand particles; Or for be positioned in lyophobic dust by the silica sand particles of heating, melting lyophobic dust is to silica sand particles; Or for the mode of plating, plasma spraying, sputtering, fluidisation and powder coated by hydrophobic material on silica sand particles.
The coupling end of deflected current wall of the present invention and the preparation method in choked flow district are: pour stirrer into after being mixed with hydrophobic binder by silica sand particles and stir; Then the silica sand particles of coated hydrophobic binder is poured into fragment of brick forming mould; Finally at 50-120 DEG C of temperature, solidify 2-4h, shaping and demoulding.
Technique scheme of the present invention has the following advantages compared to existing technology:
1, the bottom of described wetland bed body is equipped with impermeable gas-bearing formation, described impermeable gas-bearing formation spreads all over have and can be passed through and the impervious hole of liquid water molecules by the gas molecule formed between adjacent described waterproof and breathable particle, can effectively prevent the loss of the water body in scavenging process from causing pollution to underground water on the one hand, water layer and stratum ground vapour can be connected again on the other hand, effectively can go bad and water environment degradation by anti-water-stop body, water body can be made to keep ecological balance.
2, described deflected current wall contain seepy material in one end of current process, the effect of shunting can be played when water body comes through the space of deflected current wall in a large number, contribute to weakening the pressure of current to deflected current wall, effectively can prevent the blockage problem of artificial swamp simultaneously, the hole formed between the seepy material of simultaneously deflected current wall is of a size of 50-150 μm, can make to the greatest extent water molecules be able to through, while permeable, also can play certain drainage effect.
3, the coupling end of described deflected current wall and choked flow district are prepared from by waterproof and breathable particle and hydrophobic nature binding agent, play the effect guiding baffling on the one hand, also can ensure that the gas fluidity of whole wet land system inside is good simultaneously, effectively can go bad and water environment degradation by anti-water-stop body, impel water body to keep ecological balance.
4, described waterwall of crossing contains seepy material, and can ensure when water hole surprisingly blocks, water body directly infiltrates through body of wall, ensure that the normal operation of described wet land system.
5, known through data monitoring, after the artificial wet land treating system described in sewage flows into, remove 82% through first step deflected current wall water quality ss suspended solid; After flowing through whole artificial swamp, pollutant removal situation is: the clearance of COD>85% mg/l, SS <10mg/L, NH3-N, up to more than 95%, reaches the regulation of cities and towns water body process secondary standard.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to make content of the present invention be more likely to be clearly understood, below according to a particular embodiment of the invention and by reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is further detailed explanation, wherein
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of artificial wet land treating system of the present invention.
In figure, Reference numeral is expressed as: 1-fine sand tectum, 2-clay medium layer, 3-rubble transition layer, 4-gravel bed, 5-metalling, 6-rubble transition layer, the impermeable gas-bearing formation of 7-, 8-soil matrix layer, 9-top deflected current wall, 10-water inlet pipe, 11-cross deflected current wall bottom waterwall, 12-water hole, 13-rising pipe, 14-blow-down pipe, 15-wetland plant, 16-.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, artificial wetland water body treatment system of the present invention, comprises wetland plant 15, water inlet pipe 10, crosses waterwall 11, wetland bed body, rising pipe 13 and blow-down pipe 14.Described wetland plant 15 selects reed, cattail or giantreed; Described water inlet pipe 10 is arranged at the side of described wetland bed body, for the water body of filtering macrobead dirt is injected described artificial swamp; Described waterwall 11 of crossing is arranged between described water inlet pipe and described wetland bed body, be provided with water hole 12, the water body injected through described water inlet pipe 10 flows into described wetland bed body through described water hole 12, described waterwall of crossing contains seepy material, form the hole of 50-150 μm, can make liquid water molecules through structure; Described wetland bed body laid inside has bed filtration matrix, and each layer filter substrate that water body flows through described wetland bed body is purified process; Described rising pipe 13 is arranged at the other end corresponding with described water inlet pipe 10 in described wetland bed body, for the water body crossed through filtration treatment being discharged described wetland bed body and collecting; Described blow-down pipe 14 is for emptying remaining water body during described wet land system maintenance.
Bed filtration matrix in described wetland bed body is equipped with fine sand tectum 1, clay medium layer 2, rubble transition layer 3, gravel bed 4, metalling 5, rubble transition layer 6, impermeable gas-bearing formation 7 and soil matrix layer 8 from top to bottom successively, and the pore size of described each layer filter substrate is closed and is: impermeable gas-bearing formation 7 described in rubble transition layer 3 described in gravel bed 4> described in described metalling 5> and described rubble transition layer 6>.Described wetland plant is planted in clay medium layer 2, and described impermeable gas-bearing formation 7 is made up of waterproof and breathable particle, and the gas molecule formed between adjacent described waterproof and breathable particle can pass through and the impervious hole of liquid water molecules.
Described wetland bed body inside is provided with perpendicular with described wetland bed body and is less than the deflected current wall of described wetland bed height, and what described deflected current wall was spaced build to connect with the upper and lower surface of described wetland bed body respectively mutually forms baffling structure.When water body flows through described wetland bed body, force water body to be that snakelike fluidised form flows in wetland bed body, extend the residence time of water body in described wetland bed body, improve the effect of filtration treatment further.
Described deflected current wall comprises top deflected current wall 9 that to build mutually with described wetland bed body upper surface and connect and builds with described wetland bed body lower surface the bottom deflected current wall 16 connect mutually, described top deflected current wall 9 has builds with described wetland bed body upper surface the coupling end connect mutually, away from the free end of described coupling end and the choked flow district between described coupling end and described free end, described bottom deflected current wall 16 has builds with described wetland bed body bottom lower surface the coupling end connect mutually, away from the free end of described coupling end and the choked flow district between described coupling end and described free end, the free end of described top deflected current wall 9 and described bottom deflected current wall 16 is all containing seepy material, form the hole of 50-150 μm, can make liquid water molecules through structure.Described coupling end and choked flow district form by waterproof and breathable particle and hydrophobic binder bonding, and forming gas molecule between adjacent described waterproof and breathable particle can pass through and the impervious hole of liquid water molecules.
The described coupling end of described top deflected current wall 9 is deeply to described clay medium layer 2, and described free end is deeply to described gravel bed 4; The described coupling end of described bottom deflected current wall 16 is deeply to described impermeable gas-bearing formation 7, and described free end is deeply to described rubble transition layer 3.
As the structure that can convert, the height of deflected current wall of the present invention equals the height of described wetland bed body, the two ends of described deflected current wall are built mutually with the upper and lower surface of described wetland bed body respectively and are connect, and form block and connect end, each described deflected current wall has and only has a block to connect end containing seepy material, formed 50-150 μm can only make liquid water molecules through hole, and the permeable block between adjacent two described deflected current walls with different positions connects end, described permeable block connects the coefficient of permeability of end for (0.1-1.0) × 10
-2m/s.
Seepy material of the present invention comprises: silica sand particles and binding agent, and at least includes hydrophilic agglomerant, and the mass percent that binding agent used accounts for silica sand particles is no less than 20%.Binding agent in described binding agent except hydrophilic agglomerant is resin glue.The grain diameter of described silica sand particles is 0.05-2mm.Described hydrophilic agglomerant is hydrophilic resin binding agent, more excellent is in epoxy resin, urethane and the acrylic resin mixture of one or more, the molecular side chain in described epoxy resin, urethane and acrylic resin contains on hydrophilic carboxylic acid's salt, sulfonate, ammonium salt, hydroxyl or main chain containing non-ionic hydrophilic segment.Also be added with aliphatic polyamine or alicyclic polyamine class solidifying agent in described epoxy resin, the mass percent that its consumption accounts for epoxy resin is 60% simultaneously; Polyurethane curing reaction catalyst is also added with in described urethane resin.A small amount of mineral binder bond can be added with in described binding agent, be added with siliceous, admire or the coupling agent of the element such as phosphorus, photostabilizer and/or antioxidant, hydrophilic inorganic material, as one or more in diatomite, wilkinite, perlite.
Impermeable gas-bearing formation 7 of the present invention is a kind of waterproof and breathable granular layer, this waterproof and breathable granular layer can play good anti-seepage effect and water layer and stratum ground vapour can be connected again, effectively can go bad and water environment degradation by anti-water-stop body, water body can be made to keep ecological balance.Specifically, this hydrophobic granule comprises: the lyophobic dust of silica sand particles and coated silica sand particles.Described lyophobic dust in described waterproof and breathable particle is hydrophobic resin film.Wherein this hydrophobic resin film forms overlay film in one or more silica sand particles surface.The particle diameter of described silica sand particles is preferably 6 ~ 300 orders, is more preferred from 100 ~ 200 orders.Further, in described hydrophobic granule, the quality of described hydrophobic resin film accounts for 1 ~ 8% of silica sand particles quality.Described hydrophobic resin film is by one or more films formed in hydrophobicity epoxy resin, resol, urethane resin and silicone resin.Preferably, described hydrophobicity epoxy resin is glycidyl ether type epoxy resin, glycidyl ester epoxy resin, glycidyl amine epoxy resin, linear aliphatic based epoxy resin, alicyclic based epoxy resin, polysulfide-rubber-modified epoxy, polyamide resin modified epoxy, the tertiary butyraldehyde modified epoxy of polyvinyl alcohol, acrylonitrile butadiene rubber modified epoxy resin, phenolic resin modified epoxy resin, vibrin modified epoxy, urine aldehyde melamine resin modified epoxy, furfuryl resin modified epoxy, ethenoid resin modified epoxy, one or more in isocyanate modified epoxy resin or silicone-modified epoxy resin, described hydrophobicity resol is one or more in dimethylbenzene modified phenolic resins, epoxy modified phenolic or Effect of Organosilicon-modified Phenol-formaldehyde Resin.
Further, hydrophobic resin as previously discussed can be obtained by following method modification, and concrete method of modifying is:
By epoxy resin, as Tetra hydro Phthalic anhydride or maleic anhydride, with oil-soluble monomer copolymerization, described oil-soluble monomer is: alkyl acrylate, alkyl methacrylate, ethylacrylic acid, vinyl acetate, allyl acetate, sodium vinyl sulfonate, methylvinylether, methallyl ether, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, dimethylaminoethyl acrylate, acrylate propyl ester, vinylformic acid diethylin propyl ester, acrylate butyl ester, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, any one in diethylaminoethyl methacrylate.
Or, also by epoxy resin graft modification, graftomer can be formed; By the hydrophilic radical of epoxy resin, as hydroxyl, react with hydrophobic function monomer, connect; Hydrophobic function monomer is: phenyl aldehyde, and alkylbenzaldehyde (a large class), utilizes the reaction of hydroxyl and aldehyde radical.
Or, also epoxy resin can be carried out substitution reaction, under the catalyzed reaction of illumination, participate in substitution reaction with chlorine, halogen be received above epoxy resin, to improve hydrophobic performance.
In addition, can add in described hydrophobic resin film and have solidifying agent, and add different solidifying agent for different resins, wherein, the selection of solidifying agent is specific as follows:
For glycidyl ether type epoxy resin, glycidyl ester epoxy resin, glycidyl amine epoxy resin, linear aliphatic based epoxy resin, alicyclic based epoxy resin, polysulfide-rubber-modified epoxy, polyamide resin modified epoxy, the tertiary butyraldehyde modified epoxy of polyvinyl alcohol, acrylonitrile butadiene rubber modified epoxy resin, phenolic resin modified epoxy resin, vibrin modified epoxy, urine aldehyde melamine resin modified epoxy, furfuryl resin modified epoxy, ethenoid resin modified epoxy, isocyanate modified epoxy resin or silicone-modified epoxy resin, preferably solidifying agent is aliphatic amide, aliphatic cyclic amine, aromatic amine, polymeric amide, acid anhydrides, any one or several in tertiary amine.
For dimethylbenzene modified phenolic resins, epoxy modified phenolic or Effect of Organosilicon-modified Phenol-formaldehyde Resin, preferably solidifying agent is hexamethylenetetramine.
For silicone resin, preferably solidifying agent is dibutyl tin dilaurate or any one or several in tetramethyl-guanidinesalt of N, N, N', N' mono-.
For hydrophobic polyurethane resin, its solidifying agent is the affixture of tolylene diisocyanate TDI and Trimethoprim TMP, the tripolymer of the prepolymer of TDI and hydroxyl component and the agent of single-component moisture solidification, TDI.
For unsaturated polyester (polymkeric substance of terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol), the solidifying agent added during normal temperature is ketone peroxide and cobalt naphthenate; The solidifying agent added during heating is one or more in peroxidized t-butyl perbenzoate, peroxy dicarbonate, dialkyl peroxide, the tertiary own ester of peroxidation acid and bis peroxy dicarbonate.
Further, described lyophobic dust can also be in tetrafluoroethylene, vegetables oil, copper silicon, siloxanes, hydrocarbon and copolymerization polyvinylidene chloride any one or its combination.Preferably, described hydrocarbon comprise in paraffin, kerosene, diesel oil, crude oil, petroleum distillate, solvent oil and aliphatic solvents any one or its combination.
Wherein, the method for described hydrophobic material on described silica sand particles for being coated on described silica sand particles, and being spraying, flooding or soaking silica sand particles in the liquor of lyophobic dust with chemistry coating silica sand particles by described lyophobic dust; Or for the thin-film sheet of using hydrophobic material is coated in silica sand particles; Or for be positioned in lyophobic dust by the silica sand particles of heating, melting lyophobic dust is to silica sand particles; Or for the mode of plating, plasma spraying, sputtering, fluidisation and powder coated by hydrophobic material on silica sand particles.
The coupling end of deflected current wall of the present invention and the preparation method in choked flow district are: pour stirrer into after being mixed with hydrophobic binder by silica sand particles and stir; Then the silica sand particles of coated hydrophobic binder is poured into fragment of brick forming mould; Finally at 50-120 DEG C of temperature, solidify 2-4h, shaping and demoulding.Described hydrophobic nature binding agent is a kind of or wherein several mixture in fluorine-containing epoxy resin binding agent, siliceous epoxy adhesive, silicone sealants, Polyurethane, alkyd resin and resol.
The aperture of the hole between described waterproof and breathable particle is 0.001-0.3 mm, and that more excellent is 0.01-0.2 mm.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, artificial wetland water body treatment system of the present invention, comprise wetland plant 15, water inlet pipe 10, cross waterwall 11, wetland bed body, rising pipe 13 and blow-down pipe 14, described wetland plant 15 selects reed.The gradient i=0.2% of described wet land system.
Bed filtration matrix in described wetland bed body is equipped with fine sand tectum 1, clay medium layer 2, rubble transition layer 3, gravel bed 4, metalling 5, rubble transition layer 6, impermeable gas-bearing formation 7 and soil matrix layer 8 from top to bottom successively, and the pore size of described each layer filter substrate is closed and is: impermeable gas-bearing formation 7 described in rubble transition layer 3 described in gravel bed 4> described in described metalling 5> and described rubble transition layer 6>.Described wetland plant is planted in clay medium layer 2, and described impermeable gas-bearing formation 7 is made up of waterproof and breathable particle, and the gas molecule formed between adjacent described waterproof and breathable particle can pass through and the impervious hole of liquid water molecules.
Described wetland bed body inside is provided with perpendicular with described wetland bed body and is less than the deflected current wall of described wetland bed height, and what described deflected current wall was spaced build to connect with the upper and lower surface of described wetland bed body respectively mutually forms baffling structure.When water body flows through described wetland bed body, force water body to be that snakelike fluidised form flows in wetland bed body, extend the residence time of water body in described wetland bed body, improve the effect of filtration treatment further.
Described deflected current wall comprises top deflected current wall 9 that to build mutually with described wetland bed body upper surface and connect and builds with described wetland bed body lower surface the bottom deflected current wall 16 connect mutually, described top deflected current wall 9 has builds with described wetland bed body upper surface the coupling end connect mutually, away from the free end of described coupling end and the choked flow district between described coupling end and described free end, described bottom deflected current wall 16 has builds with described wetland bed body bottom lower surface the coupling end connect mutually, away from the free end of described coupling end and the choked flow district between described coupling end and described free end, the free end of described top deflected current wall 9 and described bottom deflected current wall 16 is all containing seepy material, formation can make liquid water molecules through structure.Described coupling end and choked flow district form by waterproof and breathable particle and hydrophobic binder bonding, and forming gas molecule between adjacent described waterproof and breathable particle can pass through and liquid water molecules impervious about 0.05-0.1mm hole.
The described coupling end of described top deflected current wall 9 is deeply to described clay medium layer 2, and described free end is deeply to described gravel bed 4; The described coupling end of described bottom deflected current wall 16 is deeply to described impermeable gas-bearing formation 7, and described free end is deeply to described rubble transition layer 3.
The preparation of deflected current wall free end described in the present embodiment: get 0.2-0.4mm order silica sand particles as quartz sand 100g, bisphenol-A epoxy resin 4.6g, hydrophilic matrix tablets 0.46 g, aliphatic polyamine solidifying agent 1.4g, coupling agent is glycidoxy-propyltrimethoxy silane 560:0.12g, photostabilizer UV-320:0.012g and antioxidant 1010: 0.006g and perlite powder 1g, mixes and solidifies.
The preparation of deflected current wall coupling end and restricted zone described in the present embodiment: get and pour stirrer into after haydite mixes with fluorine-containing epoxy resin binding agent and stir; Then mixed mixture is poured into fragment of brick forming mould; Finally at 50-120 DEG C of temperature, solidify 2-4h, shaping and demoulding.
Described waterproof and breathable particle comprises silica sand particles and is coated on the hydrophobic PTFE on described silica sand particles.The quartz sand of described silica sand particles to be particle diameter be 0.1-0.3mm.Described hydrophobic PTFE is the 3wt% of silica sand particles.
The method that described hydrophobic PTFE is coated on described silica sand particles is:
1) hydrophobic PTFE is heated to molten state;
2) when silica sand particles being heated to 210 DEG C, add described hydrophobic PTFE, 30 seconds stirring and evenly mixings, make described hydrophobic PTFE be dispersed in described silica sand particles surface;
3) hexamethylenetetramine solidifying agent (accounting for the 0.015wt% of silica sand particles) is added in the above-mentioned mixture prepared, stirring and evenly mixing, solidify 60 seconds;
4) added in the mixture be cured by oxidic polyethylene wax lubricant (accounting for the 0.009wt% of silica sand particles), stir, cooling, sieves, to obtain final product.
Embodiment 2
The structure of the artificial swamp described in the present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1, its difference is that the height of described deflected current wall equals the height of described wetland bed body, the two ends of described deflected current wall are built mutually with the upper and lower surface of described wetland bed body respectively to connect and are formed block and connect end, it is that the permeable block containing seepy material connects end that a block of each described deflected current wall connects end, described seepy material formed 50-150 μm can only make liquid water molecules through hole, described permeable block connects the coefficient of permeability of end for (0.1-1.0) × 10
-2m/s, and the permeable block of adjacent two described deflected current walls connect end be in different horizontal planes.Described wetland plant 15 is cattail.Form gas molecule between adjacent described waterproof and breathable particle can pass through and the hole of the impervious 0.01-0.2mm of liquid water molecules.
Deflected current wall described in the present embodiment builds the preparation connecing end: get 0.2-0.7mm order quartz sand 10kg, binding agent is containing the HDI biuret 200g through the acrylic resin 600g and 75% of base, hydrophilic matrix tablets 6g, cement 1g, silicate 5g, silane coupling agent 550:3g, photostabilizer UV-326:0.6g and antioxidant 1010: 0.9g, curing reaction catalyst is lead naphthenate solution 0.5g, the dibutyl tin laurate 0.9g of 0.5%, mixes and solidifies.
Described waterproof and breathable particle comprises silica sand particles and is coated in the hydrophobicity epoxy resin on described silica sand particles.The quartz sand of described silica sand particles to be particle diameter be 0.075-0.3mm.Described hydrophobicity epoxy resin is the 5wt% of silica sand particles.Described hydrophobicity epoxy resin is obtained by maleic anhydride and phenyl aldehyde graft copolymerization.
The method that described hydrophobicity epoxy resin is coated on described silica sand particles is:
1) hydrophobicity epoxy resin is heated to molten state;
2) when silica sand particles being heated to 220 DEG C, add described epoxy resin, 60 seconds stirring and evenly mixings, make described resol be dispersed in described silica sand particles surface;
3) fatty amine solidifying agent (accounting for the 10wt% of silica sand particles) is added in the above-mentioned mixture prepared, stirring and evenly mixing, solidify 120 seconds;
4) added in the mixture be cured by stearic acid amide lubricant (accounting for the 1.25wt% of silica sand particles), stir, cooling, sieves, to obtain final product.
Embodiment 3
The structure of the artificial swamp described in the present embodiment is identical with embodiment 1, and described wetland plant 15 is giantreed.Form gas molecule between adjacent described waterproof and breathable particle can pass through and the hole of the impervious 0.05-0.2mm of liquid water molecules.
The preparation of deflected current wall free end described in the present embodiment: get 0.2-0.4mm silica sand particles 15kg, tackiness agent is the biuret solution 560g of the HDI of the 650 poly-vinegar solution 600g and 75% of 70%, diatomite 10g, hydrophilic matrix tablets 360g, cement 10g; Add silane coupling agent 550:5g, photostabilizer UV-327:0.6g; Oxidation inhibitor 1222:0.9g, zinc naphthenate 1.8g; Chainextender and linking agent are three light methylpropane 20g, mix and solidify.
The preparation of deflected current wall coupling end and restricted zone described in the present embodiment: get and pour stirrer into after silica sand particles mixes with phenolic resin adhesive and stir; Then mixed mixture is poured into fragment of brick forming mould; Finally at 50-120 DEG C of temperature, solidify 2-4h, shaping and demoulding.
Described waterproof and breathable particle comprises silica sand particles and is coated on hydrophobicity resol on described silica sand particles, the quartz sand of described silica sand particles to be particle diameter be 0.075-0.3mm.Described hydrophobicity resol is the 1wt% of silica sand particles.Described hydrophobicity resol is obtained by maleic anhydride and sodium vinyl sulfonate copolymerization.
The method that described resol is coated on described silica sand particles is:
1) resol is heated to molten state;
2) when silica sand particles being heated to 220 DEG C, add described resol, 60 seconds stirring and evenly mixings, make described resol be dispersed in described silica sand particles surface;
3) fatty amine solidifying agent (accounting for the 10wt% of silica sand particles) is added in the above-mentioned mixture prepared, stirring and evenly mixing, solidify 120 seconds;
4) added in the mixture be cured by stearic acid amide lubricant (accounting for the 1.25wt% of silica sand particles), stir, cooling, sieves, to obtain final product.
Water quality monitoring (WQM) is carried out to artificial wet land treating system of the present invention, flows through water-quality guideline detected value before and after described artificial wet land treating system and see the following form:
| Project | COD | Ammonia nitrogen | pH | SS |
| Water inlet | 326 | 41 | 7.6 | 360 |
| Water outlet | 29.6 | Do not detect | 7.4 | 8 |
| Cities and towns water body treatment plant secondary discharge standard | 100 | 20 | 6-9 | 20 |
| Cities and towns water body treatment plant first discharge standard | 50 | 5 | 6-9 | 10 |
As can be known from the above table, artificial swamp of the present invention pollutes removal situation: COD>85% mg/l, the SS <10mg/L of water outlet, the clearance of NH3-N is up to more than 95%, reach the standard of the SS≤20mg/L of cities and towns water body process secondary standard, close to the standard of the SS≤10mg/L of cities and towns water body process primary standard, simultaneously its filter effect is also the index of 20mg/L higher than general artificial wetland effluent SS.
Further monitoring is known, artificial wet land system of the present invention, not only effectively can prevent the blockage problem of artificial swamp, and sewage is after flowing through one-level deflected current wall simultaneously, and its SS index has removed about about 82%, and treatment effect is better.
Obviously, above-described embodiment is only for clearly example being described, and the restriction not to embodiment.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description.Here exhaustive without the need to also giving all embodiments.And thus the apparent change of extending out or variation be still among the protection domain of the invention.
Claims (11)
1. an artificial wetland water body treatment system, is characterized in that comprising:
Wetland plant (15);
Wetland bed body: described wetland bed body laid inside has bed filtration matrix, described wetland bed body top plantation has described wetland plant (15), each layer filter substrate that water body flows through described wetland bed body is purified process, and described bed filtration matrix comprises clay medium layer (2), gravel bed (4) and metalling (5) from top to bottom;
Water inlet pipe (10): the side being arranged at described wetland bed body, for injecting described wetland bed body by sewage;
Cross waterwall (11): be arranged between described water inlet pipe and described wetland bed body, described waterwall of crossing is provided with water hole (12), and the water body injected through described water inlet pipe (10) flows into wetland bed body through described water hole (12);
Rising pipe (13): be arranged at the other end that described wetland bed body is corresponding with described water inlet pipe (10), the water body after filtration treatment flows out described wetland bed body by described rising pipe (13);
Described wetland bed body also comprises the impermeable gas-bearing formation (7) being arranged at described metalling (5) lower floor, described impermeable gas-bearing formation (7) is made up of waterproof and breathable particle, and forming gas molecule between described waterproof and breathable particle can pass through and the impervious hole of liquid water molecules;
Described wetland bed body inside is provided with deflected current wall, and water body flows through described deflected current wall surface in described wetland bed body, forms serpentine fluid;
The height of described deflected current wall equals the height of described wetland bed body, and the two ends of described deflected current wall are built mutually with the upper and lower surface of described wetland bed body respectively and connect, and forms block and connect end;
It is that the permeable block containing seepy material connects end that a block of each described deflected current wall connects end, described seepy material formed can only make liquid water molecules through hole, and the permeable block of adjacent two described deflected current walls connects end is in different horizontal planes, the coefficient of permeability that described permeable block connects end is (0.1-1.0) × 10
-2m/s.
2. artificial wetland water body treatment system according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
The height of described deflected current wall is less than the height of described wetland bed body, described deflected current wall is built mutually with the upper and lower surface of described wetland bed body respectively spaced reciprocally and is connect, described deflected current wall comprises top deflected current wall (9) that to build mutually with described wetland bed body upper surface and connect and builds with described wetland bed body lower surface the bottom deflected current wall (16) connect mutually, described top deflected current wall (9) has builds with described wetland bed body upper surface the coupling end connect mutually, away from the free end of described coupling end and the choked flow district between described coupling end and described free end, described bottom deflected current wall (16) have with described wetland bed body bottom build the coupling end connect mutually, away from the free end of described coupling end and the choked flow district between described coupling end and described free end, the described free end of described top deflected current wall (9) and described bottom deflected current wall (16) is all containing seepy material, between described seepy material formed can only make liquid water molecules through hole.
3. artificial wetland water body treatment system according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that:
Described hole is of a size of 50-150 μm.
4. artificial wetland water body treatment system according to claim 2, is characterized in that:
The coupling end of described deflected current wall and choked flow district form by waterproof and breathable particle and hydrophobic binder bonding, and forming gas molecule between described waterproof and breathable particle can pass through and the impervious hole of liquid water molecules.
5. artificial wetland water body treatment system according to claim 4, is characterized in that:
Described wetland bed body also comprises the rubble transition layer (3) be layed between described clay medium layer (2) and described gravel bed (4), the described coupling end on described top deflected current wall (9) is deeply to described clay medium layer (2), and described free end is deeply to described gravel bed (4); The described coupling end of described bottom deflected current wall (16) is deeply to described impermeable gas-bearing formation (7), and described free end is deeply to described rubble transition layer (3).
6. artificial wetland water body treatment system according to claim 5, is characterized in that:
The pore size of described each layer filter substrate is closed and is: metalling (5) > gravel bed (4) the > rubble impermeable gas-bearing formation of transition layer (3) > (7).
7. the artificial wetland water body treatment system according to claim 1 or 6, is characterized in that:
Described cross waterwall (11) containing seepy material, formed can make liquid water molecules through structure.
8. the artificial wetland water body treatment system according to any one of claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that:
Described seepy material comprises silica sand particles and binding agent, and at least includes hydrophilic agglomerant.
9. artificial wetland water body treatment system according to claim 8, is characterized in that:
Described hydrophilic agglomerant is one or more in epoxy resin, urethane and acrylic resin, and the molecular side chain in described epoxy resin, urethane and acrylic resin contains on hydrophilic carboxylic acid's salt, sulfonate, ammonium salt, hydroxyl or main chain containing non-ionic hydrophilic segment.
10. the artificial wetland water body treatment system according to claim 1 or 4, is characterized in that:
Described waterproof and breathable particle comprises silica sand particles and is coated on the lyophobic dust on described silica sand particles, described lyophobic dust is the hydrophobic resin film be coated on described silica sand particles, and described hydrophobic resin film is by one or more films formed in hydrophobicity epoxy resin, resol, urethane resin and silicone resin.
11. artificial wetland water body treatment systems according to claim 4 or 5 or 6, is characterized in that:
Described hydrophobic nature binding agent is a kind of or wherein several mixture in fluorine-containing epoxy resin binding agent, siliceous epoxy adhesive, Polyurethane, alkyd resin and resol.
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| CN103408187B (en) * | 2013-07-24 | 2015-01-28 | 北京仁创科技集团有限公司 | Water purifying and water storing unit, and water purifying and water storing system |
| CN103864267A (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2014-06-18 | 中交第一公路勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Concentrated drainage processing system for highway |
| CN104556564B (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2016-06-15 | 江苏大学 | A kind of multimedium artificial swamp is sewage purification bed |
| CN104692534A (en) * | 2015-02-14 | 2015-06-10 | 广东省生态环境与土壤研究所 | Vertical mixed flow type constructed wetland structure |
| CN105254022B (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2017-11-10 | 中国科学院地球化学研究所 | Antimony ore Tailings Dam alkaline waste water artificial wetland purifying system |
| CN105712485A (en) * | 2016-05-04 | 2016-06-29 | 四川格瑞斯环境科技有限公司 | Technique for treating domestic sewage by using artificial wetland |
| CN105753266A (en) * | 2016-05-04 | 2016-07-13 | 四川格瑞斯环境科技有限公司 | System for treating domestic sewage by using artificial wet land |
| CN108706836A (en) * | 2018-06-23 | 2018-10-26 | 安徽拓谷物联科技有限公司 | Artificial swamp biological purification system technique |
| CN109912045B (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2021-08-27 | 河海大学 | Permeable reactive barrier |
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| CN101293708A (en) * | 2007-04-25 | 2008-10-29 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Artificial wet land and uses thereof |
| CN101767911A (en) * | 2010-01-21 | 2010-07-07 | 同济大学 | Method and device for strengthening treatment of slope interception |
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| CN101293708A (en) * | 2007-04-25 | 2008-10-29 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Artificial wet land and uses thereof |
| CN101767911A (en) * | 2010-01-21 | 2010-07-07 | 同济大学 | Method and device for strengthening treatment of slope interception |
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