CN102672576B - Method for grinding spherical surface of workpiece - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for grinding a spherical surface of a workpiece. The workpiece is coaxially and fixedly mounted on the clamping end of the clamping shaft, so that the center of the spherical surface to be processed on the workpiece coincides with the center of rotation of the rotary mechanism. During grinding, The clamping shaft is driven by the rotary mechanism to swing centering around the rotary center of the rotary mechanism. At the same time, the clamping rotary shaft is driven by the rotary shaft drive mechanism to drive the workpiece to rotate around its own rotary center axis of the clamping rotary shaft, and the grinding wheel rotates around its own rotary center axis, and then Make the grinding working surface of the grinding wheel contact the outer peripheral surface of the spherical surface to be processed on the workpiece to grind the workpiece. The spherical surface grinding method provided by the invention effectively reduces the grinding error and improves the grinding precision. Moreover, the spherical surface grinding method provided by the invention is safe, reliable, simple and convenient, has high grinding efficiency, low processing cost and high application value.

Description

A method for grinding spherical surfaces of workpieces

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of grinding, and in particular relates to a method for grinding a spherical surface of an end or part of a workpiece.

Background technique

The grinding of the workpiece end or partial spherical surface is much more difficult than the grinding of plane and cylindrical surfaces, especially when the grinding accuracy of the spherical surface is required to be high, the difficulty is even greater. However, manual grinding is labor-intensive, time-consuming and labor-intensive, and the grinding accuracy is low, so it is not suitable for mass production.

A grinding method and a grinding device are disclosed in the invention patent application publication specification whose publication number is CN1810446A. The end spherical surface is ground. This grinding method cannot continuously adjust the grinding radius of the workpiece end, and the presence of ground abrasive grains inside the cup-shaped grinding wheel will affect the grinding accuracy of the device.

In the publication specification of the invention patent application with the publication number CN101172330A, a high-hardness rotary spherical surface CNC precision grinding equipment is disclosed. The bed parts are equipped with a headstock part, a tailstock part, a grinding wheel turret workbench part, and a grinding wheel frame. The parts of the rotary table are supported on the arc guide rail and the ring guide rail, and are driven by the servo motor to reciprocate around the fixed axis through the worm and the fan-shaped turbine; the servo motor drives the grinding wheel frame slide seat on the grinding wheel through the screw nut pair The linear feed motion is performed on the linear guide rail on the rotary table of the frame; the grinding wheel and abrasive tool composed of the grinding wheel abrasive disc and the grinding wheel block are directly connected to the electric spindle through the connecting shaft. Through the high-speed rotary motion of the grinding wheel, the rotary motion of the rotary spherical workpiece, the feed motion of the grinding wheel frame, and the reciprocating motion of the grinding wheel frame, the purpose of grinding high-hardness rotary spherical workpieces with different diameters with a grinding wheel and abrasive tools is achieved. The publication number of CN101642888A discloses a method for grinding the spherical surface of a columnar workpiece and a grinding machine. The method is to make the movement track of the grinding head form the same shape as the The arc surface corresponding to the spherical radius of the workpiece, and the grinding head and the spherical surface of the workpiece rotate in opposite directions to complete the grinding process of the spherical surface of the workpiece end.

However, the above-mentioned grinding equipment or grinding machines are all systematically modified on existing machine tools. The overall structure is complex, expensive, difficult to maintain, and cannot meet the requirement of continuously adjustable grinding of the spherical radius of the workpiece end. At the same time, the above-mentioned grinding equipment or grinding machines are mostly suitable for grinding the hemispherical surface of the end of the short rod-shaped workpiece, and cannot meet the requirements for the grinding of the spherical surface of the end of the long rod-shaped workpiece and the post-welding grinding of the end of the flexible shaft.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a method for grinding a spherical surface of a workpiece to solve the technical problems in the prior art of poor grinding efficiency, low grinding precision or the need to modify the spherical surface on an existing machine tool.

The workpiece grinding ball method provided by the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a workpiece grinding spherical surface method, the workpiece is coaxially fixed on the clamping end of the clamping shaft, so that the center of the spherical surface to be processed on the workpiece and the rotary mechanism When grinding, the clamping shaft is driven by the rotary mechanism to swing around the center of rotation of the rotary mechanism, and at the same time, the clamping shaft is driven by the rotary shaft driving mechanism to drive the workpiece to rotate around the center axis of the clamping shaft. , the grinding wheel rotates around its own axis of rotation, and then the grinding surface of the grinding wheel is brought into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the spherical surface to be processed on the workpiece to grind the workpiece; wherein, the spherical surface grinding device adopted in the method of grinding the spherical surface includes a grinding wheel frame used in conjunction And the clamping part for clamping the workpiece, the grinding wheel is equipped with a grinding wheel, the clamping part includes a clamping shaft for clamping the workpiece, and one end of the clamping shaft is used to fix the workpiece in the clamping The clamping end on the rotating shaft, the clamping rotating shaft is driven by the rotating shaft drive mechanism to rotate around its own axis of rotation, and the grinding ball surface device also includes a rotating mechanism, which drives the clamping rotating shaft to center around the rotating center of the rotating mechanism Swing, the grinding wheel is located near the center of rotation of the slewing mechanism, and the self-rotation center axis of the grinding wheel is located in the swing plane formed by the self-rotation center axis of the clamping shaft when the clamping shaft performs centering swing.

The slewing mechanism includes a preset arc track, in which a reciprocating sliding slider is assembled, the center of the arc track is the center of gyration of the slewing mechanism, and the clamping shaft is rotatably mounted on the slider, On the clamping shaft, there is an assembly part that is rotatably matched with the slider. The slewing mechanism also includes a slider driving mechanism for driving the slider to slide. Before the workpiece is fixed on the clamping shaft, the adjusting device The adjusting track adjusts the distance from the center of the arc track to the grinding surface of the grinding wheel according to the radius of the spherical surface to be processed, so that the distance from the center of the arc track to the grinding face of the grinding wheel is equal to the radius of the spherical surface to be processed. After completion, use the locking mechanism in the adjustment device to lock and fix the grinding wheel frame on the workbench; wherein, the adjustment device includes supporting the grinding wheel frame workbench, and the continuously adjustable sliding assembly of the grinding wheel frame workbench is adjusted On the track, the adjustment track extends along the extension direction of the line connecting the center of the arc track and the center of the arc track. On the workbench, there is also a device for adjusting the center of the arc track to the grinding wheel grinding surface. The locking mechanism used to lock and fix the grinding wheel frame after the distance is equal to the radius of the spherical surface to be processed.

The slider driving mechanism in the described grinding ball surface device is a crank-link mechanism, which includes a crank and a connecting rod that transmits the crank and the slider, and the crank and/or the connecting rod are adjustable in axial length. Horn, while adjusting the distance from the center of the arc track to the grinding surface of the grinding wheel, adjust the slider by adjusting the axial length of the crank and/or connecting rod according to the grinding requirements of the outer peripheral surface of the spherical surface to be processed And the limit position of the centering swing of the clamping shaft.

An outer baffle for preventing the slider from falling out is provided on the outer surface of the arc track.

The clamping end of the clamping shaft is a hollow structure convenient for inserting the workpiece, and the clamping end of the hollow structure is equipped with a chuck for fixing the workpiece in use.

The rotating shaft driving structure includes a driving motor fixed on the slider, and the driving motor drives the clamping rotating shaft to rotate around its own rotation center axis through a transmission mechanism.

The beneficial effect of the present invention is: the method for grinding the spherical surface of the workpiece provided by the present invention is to fix the workpiece coaxially on the clamping end of the clamping shaft, and the center of the spherical surface of the workpiece to be processed coincides with the center of rotation of the rotary mechanism, and the grinding When cutting, the clamping shaft is driven by the rotary mechanism to swing around the center of rotation of the rotary mechanism. Rotate, and then make the grinding surface of the grinding wheel contact the outer peripheral surface of the spherical surface to be processed on the workpiece to grind the workpiece, so as to obtain the arc of the spherical surface to be processed on the workpiece. The self-rotating central axis of the grinding wheel and the rotating central axis of the workpiece in the grinding spherical surface device adopted in the method for grinding the spherical surface provided by the present invention are all located in the swing plane formed when the self-rotating central axis on the clamping shaft swings, which can reduce the Grinding error, improve grinding accuracy. Moreover, the spherical surface grinding method provided by the present invention is safe, reliable, simple and convenient, has high grinding efficiency, low processing cost and high application value.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of ball grinding device used in the workpiece grinding ball surface method provided by the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the slider driving mechanism in the ball grinding device shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a partial structural schematic view of the clamping shaft in the ball grinding device shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the adjusting device in the grinding ball surface device shown in Fig. 1 .

Detailed ways

The method for grinding the spherical surface provided by the present invention adopts the grinding spherical surface device in the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 4, this method of grinding the spherical surface of the workpiece is to use the chuck 14 to fix the workpiece 7 coaxially on the clamping shaft On the clamping end 61 of 6, the sphere center of the spherical surface to be processed on the workpiece 7 coincides with the center of rotation of the rotary mechanism. During grinding, the clamping shaft 6 is driven by the rotary mechanism to swing around the center of rotation of the rotary mechanism. The clamping shaft 6 drives the workpiece 7 to swing around the center of rotation of the rotary mechanism. At the same time, the shaft drive mechanism drives the clamping shaft 6 to drive the workpiece 7 to rotate around the center axis of the clamping shaft 6, and the grinding wheel 3 rotates around The central axis rotates, and then the grinding face of the grinding wheel 3 contacts the outer peripheral surface of the spherical surface to be processed on the workpiece to grind the workpiece.

When using the ball grinding device in the ball grinding method shown in Figure 1 to process the ball surface, the center o of the circular arc track 4 is the center of rotation of the rotary structure. During grinding, the slider drive mechanism drives the slider 5 along the The circular arc track 4 slides back and forth, and the slider 5 drives the workpiece 7 to swing around the center o of the circular arc track through the clamping shaft 6. At the same time, the clamping shaft 6 is driven by the shaft driving mechanism to drive the workpiece 7 around the clamping shaft. The self-rotating central axis of the grinding wheel 3 rotates around the rotating central axis, and then the grinding working surface of the grinding wheel 3 is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the spherical surface to be processed on the workpiece to grind the workpiece.

Preferably, in the method provided in this embodiment, before the workpiece is installed on the clamping shaft 6, the adjustment track 16 in the adjustment device can be used to adjust the center of the arc track 4 to the grinding wheel 3 according to the radius of the spherical surface to be processed. Cut the distance of the working surface so that the distance from the center of the arc track 4 to the grinding working surface of the emery wheel 3 is equal to the radius of the spherical surface to be processed. After the adjustment is completed, use the locking mechanism 17 in the adjustment device to lock and fix the grinding wheel frame on the On the workbench, while adjusting the distance from the center of the circular arc track to the grinding face of the grinding wheel 3, the slide is adjusted by adjusting the axial length of the crank and/or the connecting rod according to the grinding requirements of the outer peripheral surface of the spherical surface to be processed. Block 5 and clamping rotating shaft 6 centering swing limit position.

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the workpiece grinding spherical surface device includes a workbench 15, on which a grinding wheel frame and a clamping part for clamping the workpiece 7 are supported, and the clamping part includes As for the clamping shaft 6 for clamping the workpiece, the end of the clamping shaft 6 facing the grinding wheel is the clamping end for fixing the workpiece on the clamping shaft, and the clamping shaft is driven by the shaft driving mechanism to rotate around its own rotation center axis, so The spherical surface grinding device also includes a rotary mechanism, which drives the clamping shaft to swing around the center of rotation of the rotary mechanism, and a grinding wheel 3 is installed on the grinding wheel frame, and the grinding wheel 3 is located near the center of rotation of the rotary mechanism, and The center axis of rotation of the grinding wheel 3 is located in the swing plane formed by the center axis of rotation of the clamping shaft 6 when the centering swing of the clamping shaft 6 is performed.

The rotary mechanism in this embodiment includes an arc track 4 fixed above the worktable in advance, the center of the arc track 4 is the center of rotation of the rotary mechanism, and a slide block 5 is reciprocatingly slid in the arc track 4 , the slider 5 is an arc-shaped slider whose external structure is compatible with the arc-shaped track. In order to prevent the slider 5 from falling out of the arc-shaped track 4, an outer baffle 10 is also arranged on the outer surface of the arc-shaped track 4 , the slider 5 in the arc track 4 is driven by the slider driving mechanism to reciprocate and slide in the arc track 4. The slider driving mechanism in this embodiment is a crank linkage mechanism, and the crank linkage mechanism includes a servo motor 8 through The reducer 9 drives the rotating crank 1 and the connecting rod 2 that connects the crank and the slider, where the crank 1 and/or the connecting rod 2 are horns with adjustable axial length. The clamping shaft 6 in the clamping part extends radially along the circular arc track 4, the clamping rotary shaft 6 is rotatably mounted on the slider, and the clamping shaft 6 surrounds the center of the arc track 4 driven by the slider 5 o That is, the center of rotation of the slewing mechanism swings centeringly, and the clamping shaft 6 is rotated and assembled on the slide block 5, but there is no relative movement between the clamping shaft 6 and the slide block 5 in its axial direction. The clamping shaft 6 has an assembly part 62 that is rotatably assembled on the slide block. The end of the clamping shaft facing the grinding wheel frame is the clamping end 61 used to coaxially fix the workpiece 7 on the clamping shaft during use. The clamping shaft The distance from the clamping end 61 of the clamping end 61 along the radial direction of the circular arc track 4 to the central arc of the circular arc track 4 is less than the radius of the circular arc track 4. The assembly part 62 of the clamping shaft 6 in this embodiment is rotatably assembled on the bearing structure 15 On the slider 5, the clamping shaft 6 is driven to rotate by the shaft driving structure. The shaft driving mechanism includes a drive motor 12 fixed on the slider 5, and the driving motor drives the clamping shaft 6 to rotate around its own rotation center axis through a belt transmission mechanism 13. , the clamping shaft 6 in the present embodiment is a hollow shaft convenient for inserting workpieces, and the clamping end of the clamping shaft is equipped with a chuck 14 that fixes the workpiece coaxially on the clamping shaft during use. The emery wheel 3 is equipped with on the emery wheel frame, and the emery wheel 3 is located near the below of the arc track 4 circle center o, and the center of revolution of the emery wheel 3 is located in the swing plane of the self-revolution center axis of the clamping rotating shaft.

The spherical surface grinding device used in the method of grinding the spherical surface in the above embodiment also includes an adjusting device for adjusting the distance between the center of the arc track 4 and the grinding face of the grinding wheel 3 according to the radius of the spherical surface to be processed. The adjusting device includes a supporting grinding wheel The workbench 15 of the frame and the clamping parts is equipped with an adjustment track 16 on the workbench. The grinding wheel frame is continuously adjustable and slides on the adjustment track 16. The adjustment track 16 is along the center of the arc track 4 and the arc track. 4. The extension direction of the connection line of the center of the circle is extended. There is also a locking and fixing wheel frame on the workbench when the grinding wheel frame is adjusted so that the distance from the center of the arc track to the grinding wheel grinding surface is equal to the radius of the spherical surface to be processed. The locking mechanism 17.

The locking mechanism in the above embodiments can adopt thread self-locking or worm gear self-locking in the prior art, or a servo positioning system driven by a servo motor, as long as it can be positioned after the grinding wheel frame moves to the position along the adjustment track That's it.

When using the grinding ball surface processing device in the above-mentioned embodiment to grind the spherical surface to be processed of the workpiece, utilize the adjusting track 16 in the adjusting device to adjust the distance from the center of the arc track 4 to the grinding wheel 3 according to the radius of the spherical surface to be processed. The distance of the grinding work surface is such that the distance from the center o of the arc track 4 to the grinding work surface of the grinding wheel 3 is equal to the radius of the spherical surface to be processed. After the adjustment is completed, use the locking mechanism 17 in the adjustment device to lock and fix the grinding wheel frame On the workbench 15, while adjusting the distance from the center of the circular arc track 4 to the grinding face of the emery wheel 3, the crank 1 and/or the shaft of the connecting rod 2 can be adjusted according to the grinding requirements of the outer peripheral surface of the spherical surface to be processed. Adjust the limit position of the slider 3 and the centering swing of the clamping shaft 6 to the length, and then fix the workpiece 7 on the clamping shaft 6 through the chuck 14, so that the center of the spherical surface to be processed on the workpiece 7 is aligned with the clamping shaft 6 The center of the circular arc track 4 where it is located coincides. During grinding, the slider drive mechanism drives the slider 5 to slide back and forth along the arc track 4, and the slider 5 drives the workpiece around the arc track 4 by clamping the rotating shaft 6. The center of the circle o is centered and oscillated. At the same time, the clamping shaft 6 is driven by the shaft drive mechanism to drive the workpiece 7 to rotate around the center axis of its own rotation of the clamping shaft 6. The grinding wheel 3 rotates around the axis of rotation, and then the grinding surface of the grinding wheel 3 Contact with the outer peripheral surface of the spherical surface to be processed on the workpiece 7 to grind the workpiece.

The rotary mechanism in the above embodiments adopts a circular arc track structure. In other embodiments, other rotary mechanism forms can also be used. For example, a turntable structure is adopted. The center of the turntable is the center of rotation of the turntable. There is a center hole for placing the grinding wheel, and a positioning block is fixed on the side of the turntable at a position away from the center hole. On the positioning block, when the turntable rotates under the drive of the servo motor, the turntable drives the clamping shaft to rotate around the central axis of rotation through the positioning block. At this time, the rotating shaft driving device for driving the clamping shaft to rotate itself can be arranged on the positioning block. , can also be set on the turntable. When the clamping shaft rotates around its own rotation center axis, it will revolve around the center of rotation under the drive of the turntable. When the grinding wheel grinding surface is in contact with the workpiece, the spherical surface to be processed of the workpiece is completed. Grinding.

The ball grinding device in the above embodiment includes an adjusting device that can be continuously adjusted according to the requirements of the spherical surface to be processed. In other embodiments, the adjusting device can also be removed, but the ball grinding device at this time is only suitable for processing a spherical surface with a fixed radius , the application orientation is small. However, if an adjustment device is added to the ball grinding device, the ball grinding device can process spherical surfaces to be processed with different radius sizes, effectively expanding the processing range of the ball grinding device.

As shown in Figure 4, the slider 5 in the above embodiment slides reciprocally in the arc track 4. According to the own characteristics of the crank linkage mechanism, there are two limit positions for the slider 5 to slide in the arc track. For the spherical device, the two extreme positions of the slider 5 on the circular arc track 4 will affect the forming of the spherical surface to be processed on the workpiece. The farther the two extreme positions are on the circular arc track 4, the outer peripheral surface of the spherical surface to be processed on the workpiece The forming area is larger, and the closer the two limit positions are on the arc track 4, the smaller the forming area of the outer peripheral surface of the spherical surface to be processed on the workpiece. And the distance of the limit position of the arc track 4 on the arc track 4 is determined by the length of the crank 1 and the connecting rod 2 when the radius of the arc track 4 is constant, so the crank 1 and the connecting rod 2 can be designed as axial Adjustable length of the horn, the length of the horn can be adjusted according to the needs of the actual situation, so as to ensure that the shape grinding requirements of the spherical surface to be processed are met. In other embodiments, only the crankshaft 1 may be designed as a horn or the connecting rod 2 may be designed as a horn structure.

The slider driving mechanism in the above-mentioned embodiment is a crank linkage mechanism. In other embodiments, the slider driving mechanism can adopt other structures; such as a sprocket driving mechanism. The drive chain on the inside or outside of the slider, the drive chain is driven by the sprocket driven by the servo motor, the slider is fixedly connected to the chain, and the other side of the slider is equipped with a guide wheel corresponding to the arc track. When the servo motor drives the sprocket to rotate, the drive chain drives the slider to reciprocate in the arc track. When the chain drive mechanism is used, the two limit positions of the slider on the arc track are determined by the movement range of the chain, and the movement of the chain The range is determined by the working time of the servo motor. At this time, the adjustment between the two limit positions of the slider in the arc track can be realized by adjusting the forward and reverse working time of the servo motor. Of course, other driving mechanisms can also be used to drive the slider to slide back and forth in the arc track, so as to ensure that the clamping shaft on the slider swings around the center of the arc track, so that the workpiece can be installed on the clamping shaft. After the clamping end is mounted, the workpiece swings around the center of the arc track to ensure that the grinding surface of the grinding wheel is ground to the spherical surface to be processed.

The rotating shaft driving mechanism in the above embodiments adopts belt transmission between the driving motor and the clamping rotating shaft. In other embodiments, other transmission connection methods can be used between the driving motor and the clamping rotating shaft, such as gear transmission or chain transmission. . Of course, in other embodiments, the driving motor may not be arranged on the slider, but on an external device that slides synchronously with the slider, and of course it is preferably directly fixed on the slider.

The grinding wheel in the above-mentioned embodiments is located below the center of the arc track. In other embodiments, it can be set near the center of the arc track. It can be set on one side of the center of the arc track, as long as the center of the arc track The distance to the grinding face of the grinding wheel is equal to the radius of the spherical surface to be processed.

In the above embodiments, the rotation direction of the grinding wheel can be consistent with the rotation direction of the clamping shaft, or it can be opposite, as long as the normal grinding is not affected.

The clamping shaft in the above embodiment is a hollow shaft, and the rod-shaped workpiece can be directly inserted into the clamping shaft, and then coaxially fixed on the clamping shaft by a chuck assembled at the clamping end. In other embodiments, other structural fixing methods can be used to fix the workpiece on the clamping shaft, for example, the clamping end of the clamping shaft is designed as a clamping petal-shaped structure, and the lock is set from the outer periphery of the clamping petal. The tightening ring can also fix the workpiece coaxially on the clamping shaft.

In the above-mentioned embodiments, in order to facilitate the processing of long rod-shaped workpieces in the axial direction, the clamping shaft is designed as a hollow shaft structure. The clamping end of the rotating shaft is designed with a hollow structure. If the workpiece is small, a solid clamping shaft can be used and only the workpiece clamping is mounted on the chuck.

In the above embodiments, the assembly portion of the clamping shaft is located near the end of the clamping shaft away from the grinding wheel. In other embodiments, the assembly portion of the clamping shaft can also be arranged near the middle of the clamping shaft or near the end of the grinding wheel.

Claims (4)

1. A method for grinding a spherical surface of a workpiece, characterized in that: the workpiece is coaxially fixedly mounted on the clamping end of the clamping shaft, so that the center of the spherical surface to be processed on the workpiece coincides with the center of revolution of the rotary mechanism, and the grinding At the same time, the clamping shaft is driven by the rotary mechanism to swing around the center of rotation of the rotary mechanism. At the same time, the clamping shaft is driven by the rotary shaft drive mechanism to drive the workpiece to rotate around the center axis of the clamping shaft, and the grinding wheel rotates around the center axis of its own rotation. , then make the grinding face of the emery wheel contact with the peripheral surface of the spherical surface to be processed on the workpiece to grind the workpiece, and obtain the arc of the spherical surface to be processed on the workpiece; Wherein, the spherical surface grinding device adopted in the method of grinding spherical surface includes a grinding wheel frame used in conjunction with a clamping part for clamping the workpiece, the grinding wheel frame is equipped with a grinding wheel, and the clamping part includes a clamping part for clamping the workpiece. The rotating shaft, one end of the clamping rotating shaft is the clamping end used to fix the workpiece on the clamping rotating shaft during use, the clamping rotating shaft is driven by the rotating shaft driving mechanism to rotate around its own rotation center axis, and the grinding ball surface device also includes a rotating mechanism The slewing mechanism drives the clamping shaft to swing centeringly around the slewing center of the slewing mechanism, the grinding wheel is located near the slewing center of the slewing mechanism, and the self-rotation center axis of the grinding wheel is located at In the swing plane formed when the rotating shaft is clamped for centering swing; The slewing mechanism includes a preset arc track, and a reciprocating sliding slider is installed in the arc track, and the slider is an arc slider whose shape structure matches the arc track, and the arc track The center of the circle is the center of rotation of the slewing mechanism, and the clamping shaft is rotatably installed on the slider. There is an assembly part on the clamping shaft that is rotatably matched with the slider. The slider drives the workpiece around the arc track through the clamping shaft. The center of the circle is centered and oscillated, the distance from the clamping end of the clamping shaft along the radial direction of the circular arc track to the arc line of the circular arc track is less than the radius of the circular arc track, and the rotary mechanism also includes a mechanism for driving the slider to slide The slider drive mechanism, before fixing the workpiece on the clamping shaft, uses the adjustment track in the adjustment device to adjust the distance from the center of the arc track to the grinding surface of the grinding wheel according to the radius of the spherical surface to be processed, so that the arc track The distance from the center of the circle to the grinding surface of the grinding wheel is equal to the radius of the spherical surface to be processed. After the adjustment is completed, use the locking mechanism in the adjustment device to lock and fix the grinding wheel frame on the workbench; Wherein, the adjustment device includes a support grinding wheel frame table, and the continuously adjustable sliding assembly of the grinding wheel frame table is on the adjustment track, and the adjustment track is along the line connecting the center of the arc track and the center of the arc track. Extending in the direction of extension, there is also a locking mechanism for locking and fixing the grinding wheel frame when the grinding wheel frame is adjusted to the position where the distance from the center of the arc track to the grinding wheel grinding surface is equal to the radius of the spherical surface to be processed; The slider driving mechanism in the described grinding ball surface device is a crank-link mechanism, which includes a crank and a connecting rod that transmits the crank and the slider, and the crank and/or the connecting rod are adjustable in axial length. Horn, while adjusting the distance from the center of the arc track to the grinding surface of the grinding wheel, adjust the slider by adjusting the axial length of the crank and/or connecting rod according to the grinding requirements of the outer peripheral surface of the spherical surface to be processed And the limit position of the centering swing of the clamping shaft. 2. The method for grinding a spherical surface of a workpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that: an outer baffle plate for preventing the slide block from falling out is provided on the outer surface of the circular arc track. 3. The workpiece grinding method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the clamping end of the clamping shaft is a hollow structure that is convenient for inserting the workpiece, and the clamping end of the hollow structure is equipped with a Chuck for the workpiece. 4. The workpiece grinding method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the shaft drive mechanism includes a drive motor fixed on the slider, and the drive motor drives the clamping shaft around its own center of rotation through a transmission mechanism Axis rotation.