CN102666933B

CN102666933B - For being collected in the device of the solid fragment in the electrolysis bath producing aluminum

Info

Publication number: CN102666933B
Application number: CN201080056223.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: A·瓦特尔; S·大卫
Original assignee: ECL SAS
Current assignee: Fives ECL SAS
Priority date: 2009-12-11
Filing date: 2010-12-07
Publication date: 2016-08-03
Anticipated expiration: 2030-12-07
Also published as: CN102666933A; AU2010329754A1; EP2510136B1; CA2780166A1; EP2510136A1; ZA201202644B; US20120234690A1; FR2953862A1; WO2011070245A1; RU2012129271A; AU2010329754B2; FR2953862B1

Abstract

The collector unit (100) of bucket type shovel type, is used in aluminum and produces in pond, including: a) it is fixed on the device on moveable support (5 ')；B) connector (52,52 ') driven by the first driver (50), moves relative to moveable support in the vertical direction；C) framework (110) connect with connector；D) at least one hinged bucket (120a, 120b), it rotates around axis (115a, 115b), is arranged on framework, has blade (128a, 128b), and rotates around described basic horizontal axis.First driver (50) is connected to programmable control system, programmable control system can determine the difference in height between height and described blade and the described axis of described axis, the vertical motion of restriction collector unit to be given, and limit and transmit suitable control stream to the first driver to give described vertical motion.Control stream can be by variator pass to motor control electric current or controlled by servo allotter, supply hydraulic jack chamber oil flow.

Description

For being collected in the device of the solid fragment in the electrolysis bath producing aluminum

Technical field

The present invention relates to the aluminum by Hall-conspicuous rolt (Hall-H é roult) method uses pyrogenic process electrolysis to carry out produce.More specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of for collecting the device being immersed in electrolyte and molten metal or floating over the solid fragment on electrolyte and molten metal and design, described solid fragment especially from electrolyte, the mud of the bottom being gathered in groove, and especially because of before removing scrap anode and during the various operations that carry out and the charcoal residue that occurs and casing fragments.

Background technology

Industrial, aluminum is to use known Hall-conspicuous rolt method to be electrolysed by pyrogenic process and produce in electrolyzer.Factory comprises large number of linear array and and uses and connect the electrolyzer that is electrically connected in series of conductor in being referred to as the building of potroom or tank house, thus makes full use of the floor space of factory.Electrolyzer is generally arranged to form two or more parallel lines being electrically connected to each other by end conductor.In each electrolyzer, electrolyte and molten metal are comprised in groove (being referred to as " electrolysis bath "), and this groove includes steel container, and this steel container is covered with fire-resistant and/or heat-barrier material in inside, and cathode assembly is positioned at the bottom of this groove.Anode, is generally made up of carbon materials, partially submerged in the electrolytic solution.

Operationally, electrolysis plant needs electrolyzer is carried out operation, and this is outstanding comprising: with new anode change scrap anode, molten metal is sampled and increases electrolyte or is sampled it.In order to carry out these operations, factory is generally equipped with: one or more service units, and it includes an overhead traveling crane that can move above a series of electrolyzers and along described a series of electrolyzers；And one or more service module, each service module include can on overhead traveling crane the balladeur train of movement, and operation and apparatus for work, such as scoop and hanging apparatus, these are commonly referred to as " instrument ".These service units are frequently referred to as " barrel reason assembly " (PotTendingAssembly, PTA) or " groove supervisor " (PotTendingMachine, PTM).Described service module generally includes the slewing frame being attached to balladeur train, and described slewing frame is referred to as tool holder turntable, it is possible to rotate around vertical axis, and connects (solidaire) with described instrument.Each instrument can be fixed to the end (this hawser is handled) of a hawser by the winch being attached to described turntable, or is fixed to the end of an arm, and this arm can be flexible and/or hinged.

One of which operation required in changing anodic process is region that is that cleaning was occupied by scrap anode originally and that will be occupied by new anode.This region is mainly made up of electrolyte and molten metal, but can comprise the solid fragment that many must be removed before installing new anode.In electrolytic process, the upper surface of electrolyte defines fluorination cryolite and one layer of hard coat of aluminium oxide.This shell has the advantage of heat in preservation electrolyte, therefore constitutes effective heat insulation covering.But this shell is stone and is attached to the wall of anode block, to such an extent as to have to be around scrap anode and crush described shell, thus allows to take out described scrap anode.The instrument (referred to as " Cracking machine ") generally using such as tapping machine (piqueur) crushes described shell.Then during removing scrap anode, forming opening, before installing new anode, keep this opening unoccupied in shell, hereinafter described opening is referred to as " anode hole " by us.Broken shell and operation scrap anode block inevitably lead to form solid part or solid fragment, and they float on the electrolyte or suspend in the electrolytic solution, or fall the bottom of groove.Therefore, it is necessary to use collection kit (frequently referred to " shell shovel ") they to be removed.

European patent application EP-A-0440488 describes an example of the shell shovel being combined with special-purpose vehicle, and this special-purpose vehicle is different from PTA.European patent application EP-A-0618313 less describe in detail an example of PTA, and this PTA is equipped with and can ensure that broken shell and the device of cleaning anode hole near scrap anode.Conventional shell shovel is the clamp being made up of two buckets, said two bucket arrange relative to generally vertical plane symmetry and hinged, rotate around two basic horizontal axis, described two horizontal axis optionally overlap.Each bucket has the leading edge (also referred to as blade) relative with the leading edge that another struggles against.In order to collect fragment, shell shovel in an open position inserts in electrolyte, subsequently by using at least one driver to make shell shovel (at least one driver described or directly act on bucket from open position to closed position, it is preferably applied to a connecting rod assembly (embiellage), this connecting rod assembly is designed so that the most essentially symmetrically rotary motion of described bucket), solid fragment between two buckets is captured, and the mixture of liquid medium electrolyte and motlten metal still can spill, spill especially by the opening formed in headwall.

Commonly, the opening and closing of shell shovel are to be driven by the action of at least one Pneumatic jack, and at least one Pneumatic jack described acts on the connecting rod assembly of two the symmetrical rotary motions being designed to be converted to the translational motion of jack bucket.Before new anode is placed in pond, it is necessary to ensure that in anode hole, all of casing fragments and charcoal fragment are removed.Because some fragments are likely located at the bottom of groove, so shell shovel must be inserted in the liquid medium being made up of electrolyte and metal, so that its leading edge flushes with the bottom of groove.But along with when shell shovel Guan Bi is to collect fragment, the leading edge of bucket draws circular trace, operation shovel becomes extremely complex, this is because the cathode assembly constituting the bottom of groove may be seriously damaged in this operating process.In order to avoid this damage, it is necessary to make the rotation axis of bucket be positioned at a height, so that the leading edge of bucket does not the most contact the bottom of groove in this operating process, the most as far as possible effectively to clear up bottom this.It is difficult, however, to estimate this position, this is because visually cannot see that the bottom of groove.It addition, the circular trace drawn because of blade, this theoretical position makes shell shovel work hardly in the stage of the bottom of groove at blade, and some fragments of the bottom staying groove likely cannot be collected.

Therefore, use the shell anode hole prune job that carries out of shovel to run into two and be entangled with a difficult problem: or shovel is too near from the bottom of groove, may damage the bottom of groove, otherwise shovel be too far away from and clear up the most abundant.No matter take which kind of program, the operation process of groove still has the common electrical instability of sizable generation and the risk of magnetic instability, thus causes the decline of plant output.

European patent application EP-A-1178004 proposes the scheme of a kind of problem solving to mention in epimere.The program includes using the bucket shovel being arranged in vertical arm, but the framework of the axis connection with bucket is not affixed directly in described vertical arm.To this end, described framework is divided into two parts: one is referred to as " shovel scaffold ", this keeps connection with the arm being attached to tool holder turntable；One is referred to as " bucket support frame ", vertically moves relative to described shovel scaffold, so that the instantaneous centre of rotation of bucket can move and described arm remains stationary as relative to the bottom of groove, so that the leading edge of bucket has essentially linear track.Described shovel can be placed as its leading edge shovel Guan Bi operation whole during flush with the bottom of groove.But, this scheme makes shovel structure more complicated, there is the complicated connecting rod assembly for closing bucket, it includes " load transmission bar; one end of this load transmission bar is hinged ... on bucket ...; and the other end is hinged on rotary-actuated bar; described rotary-actuated bar itself is hinged in bucket support frame; described swingle is mechanically attached to shovel scaffold by the compensation bar being hinged on shovel scaffold; described swingle is additionally rotary-actuated by driving jack, and the point of application of described driving jack connects with described bucket support frame ".This scheme makes to need many intermediate members to introduce in shell shovel, and described intermediate member will work in rugged environment and bear and significantly vibrate, especially because the stress relevant to clashing into described bucket.This causes frequently changing these parts by Fast Wearing.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the applicant is: uses during anode change and is prone to cleaning and maintenance and maintains inexpensive simple tool realize the effective cleaning to anode hole, without damaging the bottom of groove.

First theme of the present invention is a kind of collector unit, it produces the solid fragment in the liquid medium in pond and mud for being collected in aluminum, described liquid medium such as electrolyte and molten metal, a kind of shell shovel for clearing up anode hole of described collector unit, described collector unit includes:

A) fixing device, is used for described collector unit to be fixed on a moveable support, and described moveable support can make described collector unit move at overlying regions for clearance；

B) by the connector of the first driver drives, described first driver makes described connector move relative to described moveable support in the vertical direction；

C) framework connect with described connector；

D) at least one hinged bucket, described bucket rotates around basic horizontal axis, installs to described framework, there is the blade of basic horizontal, described bucket is by the second driver drives connect with described framework, and described second driver makes described bucket around described basic horizontal axis rotation

It is characterized in that, described first driver is connected to programmable control system, described programmable control system can:

I) height of described basic horizontal axis and the difference in height between the described blade and described basic horizontal axis of described bucket are either directly or indirectly determined；

Ii) according to the value determined in i), limiting vertical motion, described vertical motion must be applied to described connector, so that the height of described blade is kept above a predetermined value；

Iii) limit one suitably to control to flow and described suitable control spread to pass described first driver, so that described first driver can be applied to described connector described vertical motion.

Described first driver makes it possible to move described connector vertically；This connector is usually rigid rod, the form of slide vertical bar or hawser connects with described collector unit.According to the present invention, the first driver (also referred to as " lift actuator "), especially in bucket rotary course, it is caught to run as follows: apply the height of the rotation axis of bucket in this mode according to the height of bucket blade.To this end, described first driver is controlled by described programmable control system in described bucket rotary course, this programmable control system advantageously comprises one and measures and control unit and a transducer.Described measurement and control unit:

-obtain generally by measuring the data relevant to the described height of described basic horizontal axis and the described difference in height between bucket blade and basic horizontal axis that sensor provides；

-generally use a relevant calculating memorizer, according to these inferred from input data one setting values, described setting value must be applied on the height of described basic horizontal axis, so that the height of blade is at least equal to a predetermined value, this makes it possible to the risk being avoided coming in contact between described blade and the barrier below described collector unit, described barrier for example, trench bottom；

-launch the signal of a described setting value of expression to described transducer.

Described transducer is converted into control stream described signal, and transmits described control and flow to described first driver.According to the type of driver, described transducer can be such as the servo allotter (servo-distributeur) being combined with jack, or is the variator (variateurdevitesse) being combined with motor.In the first scenario, the described stream that controls is for the oily flow towards jack chamber.In the latter case, the described stream that controls for the signal of telecommunication or controls electric current, and direction of rotation and the speed of motor are had an impact by the characteristic (intensity, frequency etc.) of the described signal of telecommunication or described control electric current.

The height of basic horizontal axis and the height of blade directly can be measured by sensor, but are because corrosive environment and inaccessible, and these are directly measured and can advantageously be replaced by using indirectly to measure carry out calculating.Therefore, described programmable control system can be connected to for measuring the described connector vertically movable first sensor relative to reference level, and be connected to for directly or indirectly measure bucket blade and described bucket rotate around described basic horizontal axis between the second sensor of difference in height.Described reference level can be to be limited to a fixing level surface in the referential of potroom.It can also associate with the moveable support being provided with described collector unit.In the case of the latter, it is obviously desirable to the height in view of described moveable support may change.About described second sensor, it is possible to use can determine that the sensor of the Angle Position of described bucket.If to this end, described second driver is to be applied the jack of rotation on described bucket by a bar, then the bar displacement transducer relative to the motion of the main body of described jack of a described jack of measurement can be used.

Advantageously, it is delivered to the characteristic controlling stream of described first driver to the direction of the motion that described first driver has to carry out and intensity generation effect: the difference measured between height and its setting height at basic horizontal axis observed is the biggest, and the exercise intensity being applied to described driver is the biggest.

Obviously, may more need the track of blade is controlled because when blade from the bottom of groove too away from time described collector unit efficiency reduce.In a preferred version of the present invention, the setting value of the height being applied to described basic horizontal axis be defined so that the height of blade bigger and also as close possible to described predetermined value.Advantageously, move so that described basic horizontal axis is positioned at permission blade and is at the setting height of expection height by measuring many times and carrying out correcting of described connector when measuring every time, described blade one desired trajectory can be given.For this, described measurement and the most industrial programmable logic controller (PLC) of control unit (automateprogrammableindustriel), described industrial programmable logic controller (PLC) is the most in the same time, preferably with Fixed Time Interval, and usually a few tens of milliseconds:

A) data provided by described first sensor and described second sensor are provided；

B) use based on the computer program of the kinematics model of the track of blade described in suitable referential, according to these data, infer the setting value of the height of the pivot center that must be applied to bucket；And

C) transmission represents that the signal S of described setting value is to described transducer.

Advantageously, the computer program being used in described programmable logic controller (PLC) is based on being described in above the bottom of groove but the kinematics model of track of blade from the not far process in the bottom of groove.This track can be inferred by the vector translation that is directed vertically upwards along one according to the theoretical profile of trench bottom, described in the amount of vector translation that is directed vertically upwards corresponding to preset security distance.

Such as, collector unit according to the present invention can be " the shell shovel " for clearing up anode hole, described collector unit includes a framework and installs two buckets on said frame, said two bucket is arranged relative to generally vertical plane symmetry, it is hinged, rotate around two basic horizontal axis, each bucket has the blade relative with the blade that another struggles against, the second driver connect with described framework applies the rotary motion relative to described generally vertical plane almost symmetry on each described bucket, thus the solid fragment between said two bucket is by described bucket capture.

Preferably, in order to apply facile motion on described bucket, second driver (also referred to as " closedown driver " or " close/open driver ") should not be Pneumatic jack, because such jack can not control the rotary speed of bucket during the dwell period of bucket continuously.Although (electrically) thermo-mechanical drive can be selected, it is preferred that, the hydraulic jack supplied by primary Ioops should be selected, the part in described loop is by differential assembling, so that described bucket is requisite for shock function described below, this shock function for the power shovel used between anode hole clear-up period.

In order to collect fragment, described collector unit (being shell shovel) is inserted in electrolyte when it is in an open position；Then by using Guan Bi driver to make it from open position to make position, described Guan Bi driver acts on the connecting rod assembly being designed to make the relative to each other almost symmetry rotary motion of described bucket.Therefore, the solid fragment between two buckets is captured, and the mixture of liquid medium electrolyte and motlten metal still can spill, and spills particularly by the opening being located in headwall.The described liquid medium of part (described liquid medium is the most viscous) is attached to headwall, so that described bucket is coated with each shell shovel enters the slag (gangue) that must be removed from after groove, because bucket becomes clogged up soon, therefore can not work.In order to remove the maximum amount of electrolyte being attached to bucket surface and metal (described electrolyte and metal cools and solidification), carry out being referred to as the operation of " bucket clashes into ".In this operation, use bucket close/open driver, so that drive the opposed facing edge of bucket with such speed, to such an extent as to when described edge contacts with each other, produce the most violent vibrations, it is sufficient to make the electrolyte of cooling and metal depart from and eject from the surface of described bucket.

Routinely, especially because be very suitable for clashing into operation, so bucket close/open driver is made up of one or more Pneumatic jacks.At this, within the scope of the invention, in order to ensure the facile motion of bucket and in order to better control over the track of blade, advantageously replacing Pneumatic jack by least one the beidirectional hydraulic jack being connected to supply loop, described supply loop has an at least two programme of work for closing described bucket:

First scheme, wherein said bucket slowly moves forward, but described cut out jack can provide the power that be enough to take away the solid fragment run into by described bucket；

Alternative plan, wherein need not transmit power, but be enough to the kinetic energy performing to clash into function must to described bucket transmission.This alternative plan corresponding to following similar differential line (montageendiff é rentiel) described in the comment that the rapid decrease of collector unit is carried out in embodiment 1, as shown in Figure 5.It is clear that owing to pending function is different, so the described loop of supply the second driver is different from the loop of supply the first driver, but the principle of differential line is the most identical.

View in the past is that effective shock of shell shovel only can be performed by pneumatic means.View is, because forced air, it is possible to is easier to and more rapid makes bucket carry out sufficiently fast symmetrical rotary motion to be produced vibrations by described motion, thus separating and eject electrolyte and the metal of solidification on surface of struggling against.It addition, the past always can obtain pressurized air source on groove supervisor.Finally, past expectation avoids the place being directly adjacent to electrolyte to arrange hydraulic circuit.

Here, in the framework of the preferred embodiments of the invention, select one or more hydraulic jack as the second driver.In order to prevent its (they) near electrolyte; can make described hydraulic jack away from; and use and act on the intermediate member on described connecting rod assembly, or described hydraulic jack can be stayed near described bucket, but be protected from injection.Such as, can use and be contained on described groove supervisor and located aloft with the Hydraulic Station away from electrolyte, and the hydraulic circuit needed for operating described jack is installed to be and is more exposed to the part of adverse circumstances and is limited to supply the flexible pipe of the compartment of beidirectional jack.In order to improve further, this loop feature is protected against adverse circumstances and the injection of possible electrolyte; shovel scaffold can serve as barrier; jack is arranged on above this barrier, and protects the hydraulic circuit flexible pipe near described jack completely by the vertical wall around described jack and described flexible pipe.

Additionally, the forced air provided by the airborne compressor of groove supervisor the fact that select one or more hydraulic jack as closedown driver can be made to be absorbed in other functions, or be preferably able to select the compressor (therefore this compressor can be lighter) of low capacity to assemble described groove supervisor.

According to the first embodiment of the invention, described first driver (also referred to as " lift actuator ") includes the motor connect with described moveable support, connector connects with described collector unit and is connected to described motor, thus the rotation of described motor makes described collector unit move by described connector；And described transducer is to transmit the variator controlling electric current to described motor, the feature of described control electric current allows described motor by the described connector of described vertically movable imparting.Described motor can be the engine of electricity jack, and described connector is the bar of vertical bar supporting described collector unit of jack or the bar being connected with the vertical bar of described collector unit.It can also be the engine of electric winch, and described connector is the hawser supporting described collector unit.The embodiments described below 2 shows this embodiment.

In the alternative plan of the present invention, described first driver includes at least one hydraulic jack, and this hydraulic jack includes the main body with moveable support connection and is connected to the piston of a bar, and described bar serves as described connector；And the allotter that described transducer is the hydraulic circuit part installed to the bar side chamber supplying described hydraulic jack with controlled flow.So, at least when described second driver is activated, oil mass in bar side chamber be make use of by described allotter, and advantageously, described allotter is to have controlled flow (asserviend é bit) the electric-liquid type servo allotter controlled by described programmable control system.Preferably, described allotter is 4/3 servo allotter of electric-controlled type proportional action.

In this alternative plan of the present invention, described first driver includes at least one hydraulic jack, and described hydraulic jack can vertically move described connector, and the remainder of described collector unit is attached to described connector.Preferably, the work jibs of described collector unit is telescopic arm, this telescopic arm is included in " movement " bar of " fixing " arm internal slide, the bar of described hydraulic jack connects with described " movement " bar, the main body of described hydraulic jack connects with described " fixing " bar, described " fixing " bar is connected to described moveable support, such as one tool holder turntable, described tool holder turntable is fixed on a balladeur train, described balladeur train can be advanced along the beam of overhead traveling crane, so that described collector unit can move above working region before at anode hole and position.Also it is possible including making " movement " bar with the main body connection of jack and " symmetrical " scheme of the bar connect with " fixing " bar and the connection of described moveable support.In both cases, by making collector unit rise to bar side chamber supply oil.In the alternative plan of the present invention, one preferred embodiment includes by the allotter of a Controlled by Programmable Controller, described Programmable Logic Controller with Fixed Time Interval (usually a few tens of milliseconds) obtain bucket rotate around the height H of basic horizontal axis and the shift value L of piston rod of the second driver, relevant calculating memorizer is used to infer the setting value of height of the pivot center that must give bucket according to these values, and it is signaled to described allotter, to reduce or have additional supply of bar side chamber and reach oil mass necessary to correct height.

Described first driver can include some hydraulic jack.But, because the oil mass being not easily controlled in each bar side chamber, preferably use single jack as the first driver, only use a controlled distribution device (distributeurasservi) for should the bar side chamber of single jack.

Fragment is collected: the distance once estimated is less than this safe distance while enabling in particular to limit safe distance between trench bottom and bucket blade according to assembly of the invention, control system just sends instructions to described allotter, described instruction increases the oil mass in the bar side chamber of jack, thus applies Desired Height on described piston and therefore apply Desired Height on the basic horizontal rotation axis of bucket.

Advantageously, in order to effectively collect fragment, distance between bucket blade and the bottom of groove should also be as the biggest: the distance once estimated is more than predetermined limit distance, and control system just sends instructions to described allotter, oil mass in the bar side chamber of described instruction minimizing jack.In embodiment described below 1, only acting upon on the hydraulic circuit being connected to bar side chamber: when moving described bucket away from trench bottom, the oil stream that the servo allotter of proportional action controls so that desirable pressure sends enters bar side chamber；When needs by described bucket closer to time, controlled oil stream is sent to fuel tank from bar side chamber by it, and described controlled oil stream is in the pressure of the weight essentially corresponding to collector unit.In example 2, the variator used sends control electric current, and the amplitude that this control electric current is possible not only to the rotary speed to motor works, and works the direction of rotation of motor.

Preferably, described safe distance and described limiting distance be selected as close possible to.Because substantially one plane of trench bottom, so this is equivalent to apply a straight path in the leading edge of bucket.It is clear that according to the actual geometric configuration of the trench bottom at the place of garbage collection to be carried out, this track can be limited more accurately.In practice, people limit object height for bucket blade, and programmable control system is combined with the calculating memorizer being composed of program, with the setting height providing the instantaneous centre of rotation of described bucket to have according to the hopper opening angle directly or indirectly measured.If trench bottom is considered as a plane, then the object height of blade is fixing.According to the position of anode hole to be processed in pond, this object height is transformable；This only needs to use and more complicated control system calculating memorizer in combination, provides different setting values according to the place of collector unit work.Therefore, make it possible to bucket to be positioned to as far as possible near negative electrode according to assembly of the invention, and therefore, it is possible to increase the efficiency of garbage collection operation, without contact trench bottom.

In practice, the mobile balladeur train that collector unit is suspended from along overhead traveling crane moves is advantageously provided with displacement transducer, and this displacement transducer can provide the height of the rotation axis of the basic horizontal of bucket continuously.Displacement transducer can be encoder (the encodeur à with cable) or be airborne laser range finder.The height of trench bottom is known per se, and can arrive with periodic detection, such as, by reducing the collector unit being positioned at described precalculated position slowly, until bucket blade contact trench bottom.Described bucket is generally defined by axial walls (that is, by parallel with pivot center and along openings lead curve the ruled surface (surfacer é gl é e) occurring line to produce) and two transverse walls.These transverse walls have essentially linear edge, and this linear edge engages the end of described open curve.The angle [alpha] that the position of described bucket can be formed by this edge and vertical direction represents.By the distance from this edge to pivot center being expressed as d and distance the projection on described edge is expressed as h blade and described pivot center, along with edge is relative to the tilt angle alpha of vertical direction, giving the difference in height between described basic horizontal axis and described blade continuously, this difference in height is given by formula Δ Z=dcos α+hsin α.Angle of inclination itself is directly related with the size characteristic of the cause driver making bucket rotate.Such as, for jack, angle of inclination is directly related with the stroke of jack bar.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, programmable control system is industrial PLC (programmable logic controller (PLC)), this industrial PLC obtains the height of the rotation axis struggled against by using first sensor at Fixed Time Interval (usually a few tens of milliseconds), and by using the second sensor to obtain the stroke value of described closedown jack, and by using based on the computer program of the kinematics model of locus of tool edge described in appropriate reference system, setting value is inferred according to these values, on the height of the pivot center that wherein said setting value must be applied on bucket, and thus control servo allotter so that the arrival the most highly desired oil mass wanted is increased or decreased.

Advantageously, described hydraulic jack is beidirectional jack, the bar of this jack and described vertical bar and the connection of described collector unit, described jack has the vertically movable bar side chamber that can apply on described bar continuously upwards, and downward vertically movable piston side chamber can be applied continuously on described bar, the two chamber is connected to pressure source or fuel tank by least one allotter, described supply loop includes that some loop features, described some loop features make it possible to provide following hydraulic pressure supply option:

A) differential versions, wherein bar side chamber and piston side chamber are connected to described pressure source, it is allowed to described bar declines at a high speed；

B) corresponding to the scheme of resting position, described collector unit keeps hanging, and if described loop be arranged to described collector unit and run into barrier, it can the most vertically move；

C) wherein bar side chamber is connected to the scheme of pressure source, and the program moves upward corresponding to described collector unit；

D) scheme of controlled operation (fonctionnementasservi) it is in, wherein the loop feature of supply bar side chamber includes that one has controlled flow and the allotter controlled by programmable control system, described programmable control system includes that one is measured and control unit, this measurement and control unit obtain the data relevant to the height of described basic horizontal axis and the difference in height between bucket blade and basic horizontal axis, the setting value of the height applying of described basic horizontal axis must be given according to these inferred from input data, and send the signal representing described setting value to described allotter.

It is provided below in embodiment 1, describe in further detail these different operation phase of described collector unit.

Another theme of the present invention is a kind of service module, this service module is used in the factory by pyrogenic process electrolytic production of aluminum, and including a balladeur train, and operation and attending device, it is characterized in that, described service module also includes the collector unit according to the present invention, collector unit such as above.

Another theme of the present invention is a kind of PTA for the factory by pyrogenic process electrolytic production of aluminum, and described PTA includes overhead traveling crane, it is characterised in that described PTA also includes at least one service module according to the present invention, service module such as above.

The purposes that another theme is the service module according to the present invention of the present invention, this service module is for the operation to the electrolysis bath by pyrogenic process electrolytic production of aluminum, it is particularly useful for clearing up anode hole, wherein said first driver is controlled by described programmable control system, so that described bucket blade follows desired trajectory, this desired trajectory is usually located at above trench bottom and is parallel to described trench bottom.

Another theme of the present invention is a kind of method for clearing up anode hole during anode change, wherein uses the collector unit according to the present invention, described first driver to be installed to be and connects with groove supervisor；And follow the steps below:

A. using PTA driver, make described collector unit in the closed position, be in line with described anode hole, described first driver is in static；

B. starting described first driver to rapidly drop to predetermined altitude, described predetermined altitude is higher than the horizontal plane of the electrolyte being positioned in groove, thus allows to open described collector unit；

C. starting described second driver, so that it opens described bucket, until described bucket arrives a reference open position, this reference open position is generally near the maximum open allowed by the stroke of described second driver；

D. described first driver is started to be slowly declined to predetermined altitude；One is concrete and in preferred embodiment, the described predetermined altitude of selection be when struggle against blade contact trench bottom time described connector the height that reaches of a representative.Start described first driver and detect that at least one blade contacts at trench bottom to be slowly decreased until；Such as, if described driver is hydraulic jack, then use one increases suddenly for detecting the pressure in the oil return line supplying described piston side chamber the sensor of time, the sensor and of an open angle that can provide bucket can be given at the displacement transducer of the height of described connector during described contact；

E. according to the height reached described at the end of previous stage, infer the height described blade must being limited to, a safe distance will be considered, and infer described blade mandatory track between described reference open position and closed position；

F. described first driver is started described collector unit is lifted to the initial point of the track limited in previous stage；

G. starting described second driver, described first driver is in controlled mode, so that blade follows the track limited in step e)；

The most once close described collector unit, described first driver is started as ascending fashion；Then, when described collector unit reach a certain height, use PTA driver to move this assembly towards a region receiving collected fragment.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is an exemplary sectional view of the PTA in the typical potroom producing aluminum.

Fig. 2 shows a specific embodiments of collector unit, and this collector unit is shell shovel, and this shell shovel is installed to driven by hydraulic jack and telescopic is vertically directed bar.

Fig. 3 is the connecting rod assembly in the embodiment shown in Fig. 2 and the axonometric chart of bucket type shovel.

Fig. 4 to Fig. 7 illustrates four different configurations of hydraulic circuit, and the supply of this hydraulic circuit is according to first driver (jack) of the collector unit of the present invention.These configurations are corresponding to following mode of operation: static (Fig. 4), rapid decrease (Fig. 5), rising (Fig. 6) and controlled operation (Fig. 7).

Fig. 8 diagrammatically illustrates the collector unit according to the present invention, and wherein said first actuator is electricapparatus jack.

Detailed description of the invention

The electrolysis plant producing aluminum includes that aluminum liquid produces region, and this region comprises one or more potroom.Potroom 1 shown in Fig. 1 includes electrolyzer 2 and PTA5.Usually in a row or arrayed in columns, often row or each column generally include the electrolyzer of more than 100 to electrolyzer 2.Electrolyzer 2 is arranged as leaving passageway along the length of potroom 1.Electrolyzer 2 includes a series of anode 3, and described anode is provided with for fixed anode and metal bar 4 that described anode is electrically connected to metal anode framework (not shown).

PTA5 is used for carrying out electrolyzer 2 operation, such as changes anode or fills melt and the aluminium fluoride (AlF3) of crushing to feed hopper.It also can be used to process various loaded article, such as channel parts, the casting ladle (" casting casting ladle ") of the liquid metal being used in casting or anode.It also can be used to clear up anode hole after removing scrap anode and before installing new anode.

PTA5 includes: overhead traveling crane 6, and this overhead traveling crane can move above electrolyzer 2；And at least one service module 7, this service module includes mobile balladeur train 8 (referred to as " tool holder "), and it can move on overhead traveling crane 6 and be equipped with several operation and maintenance device 10, such as, instrument, it is particularly possible to shovel 100 ' for shell.Described instrument is installed at this on vertical expansion link 9, and this vertical expansion link is attached to mobile balladeur train 8.As we have seen that, such as, in european patent application EP-A-0440488, shell shovel can also be moved by the vehicle being different from PTA and be handled.The present invention is applicable to all collector units, regardless of whether how it moves above working region and position.

Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 illustrates a specific embodiments of collector unit 100, and this collector unit is the shell shovel 100 ' being fixed to telescopic arm in the end of the end of transfer arm, and described transfer arm is referred to here as " spade " 11.Spade is the portable vertically bar 9 at vertical bar 9 ' internal slide "; this movable type vertically bar 9 " this vertically moves under the effect of driver (not shown), being capable of movement faster, the tool holder turntable with the movable block 8 of service module 7 keeps connection simultaneously.Described shell shovel includes being provided with the framework 110 of two bucket 120a and 120b, said two bucket is mutually opposing, relative to generally vertical plane almost symmetry, be hinged, rotate around two basic horizontal axis 115a and 115b.Each bucket 120a, 120b have the leading edge relative with the blade 128b, 128a of another bucket 120b, 120a or blade 128a, 128b.Second driver is shown as the jack 200 of two and framework 110 connection at this, 201, described jack acts on simultaneously, by connecting rod 300,300 ' make each bucket make the rotary motion of almost symmetry both relative to described generally vertical plane, thus the fixing fragment between said two bucket is by described bucket capture.Before making the present invention, two jack of the second driver are Pneumatic jacks, and it is particularly suited for clashing into operation.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1 (Fig. 2 to Fig. 7)

Fig. 4 to Fig. 7 shows hydraulic circuit scheme in four different configurations, and described hydraulic circuit is for being applied to the first driver 50 of the collector unit of the present invention, and described collector unit the most also has the feature of above-mentioned (Fig. 2 and Fig. 3).

First driver 50 or lifting jack are double-acting jack 51, and it has main body 55 and connects the piston 56 having bar 52.Bar 52 connects with described collector unit (not shown in Fig. 4 to Fig. 7).Double-acting jack 51 has: bar side chamber 53, and it is referred to as " low chamber ", enables to portable vertically bar 9 at any time " move straight up；And piston side chamber 54, it is referred to as " high chamber ", enables to the vertical bar of described movable type at any time and move straight down.Described hydraulic circuit includes two parts 63 and 64 supplying two described chambers 53 and 54 of double-acting jack 51.Described loop can be passed through three position assigner (referred to as " direction allotter ", 80) and be connected to " pressure line " P and " return line " R of Hydraulic Station.Direction allotter 80 is normally in resting position 802, and can be excited to be positioned in other two possible positions one: position 803, in this position, the bar 52 of jack moves down described collector unit；And position 801, in this position, jack bar moves up described collector unit.

Loop feature 64 includes main split 640, and its one end is attached to direction allotter 80 and the other end is connected to the piston chamber 54 of jack 51.

Loop feature 63 includes main split 630, and its one end is connected to direction allotter 80, and the other end is divided into Liang Ge sub-branch, each sub-branch is provided with a two-position allotter 81,82: the first sub-branches 631 (including 6310,6311,6312 and 6313) connect stop valve 90；Second sub-branch 632 (including 6320,6321 and 6322) connects electric-liquid type servo allotter 83.The two sub-branch joins at their other end to form loop feature 633, and this loop feature 633 supplies the bar chamber 53 of jack 51.

Fig. 4 shows loop when lifting jack is static.Direction allotter 80 is normally in position 802, and two loop features 63 and 64 are connected with each other by this position 802 by the main split 630 and 640 of each of which.Allotter 82 is in and stops the position 821 of circulation in the second sub-branch.Be in allotter 82 and stop valve 90 (the control insufficient pressure of connection 92 and 93 is so that this stop valve the is open-minded) isolation of " the most open-minded " of position 821 due to this bar chamber 53, this bar chamber 53 is not maintained at the substantially stationary pressure relevant to the weight of described collector unit by any impact.Branch of a circuit 633 is provided with the safety device in the function being integrated into stop valve 90, to limit the pressure in bar chamber in the case of impacting.

Fig. 5 shows loop when lifting jack quickly moves down.Direction allotter 80 is excited to plant oneself 803, this position 803 makes two loop features 63 connect with the pressure line P of Hydraulic Station with 64, and the two loop feature 63 and 64 is also interconnected at direction allotter 80 in this position 803 by the main split 630 and 640 of each of which.Allotter 82 is in and stops the position 821 of circulation in the second sub-branch.Allotter 81 is in position 811, and allows stop valve 90 to run: once making a concerted effort higher than certain value of the control pressure from branch 92 and branch 93, stop valve 90 is that is open-minded.

Stop valve 90 is set a marginal value, and generally about 180 bars, so that once its controller has sufficient pressurising force, it is the most open-minded, and oil can flow out from bar chamber 53, by being positioned at the branch 630 and 640 being interconnected at the direction allotter 80 of position 803, flow to piston chamber 54.So, the oil stream from Hydraulic Station is added by the oily stream from piston chamber.If the cross section of piston chamber 54 is x with the ratio in the cross section of bar 52, then the stream from Hydraulic Station is multiplied by x, so that in the case of this differential line, piston rod can decline than the speed of fast x times under conventional line.

Fig. 6 shows the loop when lifting jack rises bar 52.Direction allotter 80 is excited to plant oneself 801, and these 801 main splits 630 that plant oneself are connected with the pressure line P of Hydraulic Station, and makes main branch 640 be connected with the fuel tank of Hydraulic Station by return line R.Allotter 82 is in position 821, and allotter 81 is in position 811.Add force feed and pass main split 630, through being in the allotter 81 of position 811, import part 6313 and 633 via check valve 91, to supply bar chamber 53.Along with piston rises, the oil in piston chamber 54 is sent to the return line R of Hydraulic Station via main split 640.

Fig. 7 shows that lifting jack is activated loop when being in controlled mode during garbage collection.Direction allotter 80 is excited to plant oneself 801, and these 801 main splits 630 that plant oneself are connected with the pressure line P of Hydraulic Station, and main split 640 is connected with the return line R of Hydraulic Station.Allotter 82 is in position 822, and allotter 81 is in position 812.Rising or reduce jack as required, servo allotter is activated to be in and dips 831 or raised position 833.

Servo allotter is by PLC84 control, and this PLC receives by the reading of two sensors offers:

-first sensor indicates at reference levels height N (such as, the platform of tool holder turntable) and the framework 110 ' of collector unit on fixing point (in the figure 7 by bucket rotation axis common horizontal height illustrate) between distance H, this distance make it possible to obtain bucket 120 ' rotate around the height of axis 115 ', the shape of this bucket is shown in broken lines；

The stroke L of jack bar 200 ' is closed in-the second sensor instruction, and this cut out jack bar controls the opening and closing of two buckets by joint use pole 300 '.

Given bucket opening angle (equal to the twice at the edge 129 ' struggled against with vertical direction angulation α) is corresponding to closing value L of the piston stroke of jack.This edge 129 ' is expressed as d to the distance of pivot center 115 ', distance between blade 128 ' and the pivot center 115 ' orthographic projection on described edge 129 ' is expressed as h, whenever can obtain the difference in height between axis 115 ' and described blade, this difference in height is represented by formula Δ Z=dcos α+hsin α.

Therefore, close the optional position of jack bar corresponding to the necessary residing height of described axis, blade 128 ' is made to be in a height (this set-point is corresponding to the theoretical level of the bottom of groove) being more than or equal to set-point, additional certain safe clearance being usually ten or tens millimeters.Programmable control system is the PLC84 being combined with computer memorizer 85, and this computer memorizer can be that lifting jack 50 limits a set point height according to the measured value of H and L transmitted.If this set point height is higher than the actual height of lifting jack, then there is the danger of collision between bucket blade and trench bottom, and servo allotter must be activated to position 833 quickly to revise the track of described blade.PLC84 sends signal S to servo allotter 83, this servo allotter 83 is proportional action servo allotter, this servo allotter 83 gives in the loop feature of supply bar side chamber increases oil stream Φ, and this oil stream proportionally increases with the difference of the position relative to set point.This signal has and can move the mobile parts of described servo allotter according to the oily stream being in expecting pressure and enter the feature of the most advanced location type 833, this oil is from branch 630 and 632 and supply bar side chamber by branch 6321,6322 and 633.

On the other hand, when the height of set point is less than the actual height of lifting jack 50, servo allotter must be activated to reduce the height of blade.PLC84 sends signal S to servo allotter 83 to make it into the configuration of correspondence position 831, in this position, add force feed and no longer supply bar side chamber, this bar side chamber passes through branch 65,6321,6322 and 633 are connected with return line R, and the oil stream Φ that discharges towards return line is controlled by the opening of servo allotter, and the signal that this servo allotter is sent by PLC controls.

With Fixed Time Interval (usually a few tens of milliseconds), PLC84 obtains the height H of the pivot center of bucket and closes stroke value L of jack, and utilize based on the computer program of the kinematics model of locus of tool edge described in suitable referential, the setting value that the height of the pivot center of bucket must be endowed is inferred from these values, and send signal S to servo allotter 83, to input or to discharge as reaching the most highly desired oil mass wanted.

Second driver 200 ' is at this mainly for illustrating that its effect played in the operation principle of the first driver 50 is illustrated by simplified schematic, and the first driver 50 configures especially in accordance with the space of described second driver and to control.This second driver (its main body connects with the bar 52 of the first driver 50) is the beidirectional jack being connected to supply loop at this, and a part for this supply loop makes it possible to differential line and is arranged to ensure that shock function.

Then, in order to clear up anode hole during changing anode, it is possible to use the collector unit of the present invention, the such as collector unit of the present invention shown in Fig. 2 to Fig. 7, it is arranged on the vertical expansion link connect with electrolyzer management machine (PTM).Process is as follows:

-use PTA driver, make described collector unit in the closed position be in line with described anode hole, lifting jack is in static (configuration shown in Fig. 4)；

-start described lifting jack with rapid decrease (configuration shown in Fig. 5) until being higher than the predetermined altitude of the level surface of the electrolyte being positioned in described groove, to allow to open described collector unit；

-start the bucket driver being referred to as " closedown jack ", so that it opens described bucket, until described bucket arrives with reference to open position, it is generally near the maximum open of the bucket allowed by the stroke of described closedown jack.

-start described lifting jack to " slowly " drop mode (supply of specific piston side chamber), until detecting that at least one blade contacts on trench bottom；Such as, the pressure that sensor is used for detecting when in the oil return line of supply piston side cavity increases suddenly, and a displacement transducer is used for recording the height of the moment blade in described contact；

-from this height, it is considered to and a safe distance, limit the height that described blade must be in, and infer that described blade is at the described track opened and follow between reference position and make position；

-start described lifting jack to rise the described collector unit starting point (configuration shown in Fig. 6) to the track limited in previous stage；

-start and close jack, lifting jack is in controlled mode, so that blade follows track (configuration shown in Fig. 7) defined before；

-once collector unit closedown, just starts lifting jack and is in lift mode (configuration shown in Fig. 6)；Subsequently, when collector unit arrives certain altitude, PTA driver is used to move this unit towards the region of the fragment collected by reception.

Embodiment 2 (Fig. 8)

Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of collector unit, and in this collector unit, the first driver 50 is motor 53 ', and this motor is by using the circuit of the rotation that can control described motor to power.Here, the engine that motor is electricity jack 51 ', this electricity jack is given and is applied vertical motion on the connector 52 ' connect with framework 110 '.In the variant of this embodiment, electricity jack is substituted by electric winch, and described connector is then the hawser being attached to described framework, and the vertical motion of described framework is such as by the guide means guide being fixed to moveable support.

According to the control electric current transmitted by variator 83 ', motor 53 ' always straight up or can move downward in the upper applying of connector 52 ' with required speed.Described variator 83 ' is controlled by PLC84, and this PLC receives by the reading of two sensors offers:

-first sensor indicates at reference levels height N (such as, the platform of tool holder turntable) and the framework 110 ' of collector unit on fixing point (in the drawings by bucket rotation axis common horizontal height illustrate) between distance H, this distance make it possible to obtain bucket 120 ' rotate around the height of axis 115 ', the shape of this bucket is shown in broken lines；

Therefore, close the optional position of jack bar corresponding to the necessary residing height of described axis, blade 128 ' is made to be in a height (this set-point is corresponding to the theoretical level of the bottom of groove) being more than or equal to set-point, additional certain safe clearance being usually ten or tens millimeters.Programmable control system is the PLC84 being combined with computer memorizer 85, this computer memorizer can according to the measured value of H and L transmitted be bucket rotate institute around basic horizontal axis restriction set point height.If this set point height is higher than actual height, then there is the danger of collision between bucket blade and trench bottom.Then start variator 83 ' and enable it to quickly revise the track of described blade.PLC84 transmission signal S is to variator 83 ', and described signal is transformed to control electric current I by this variator, and described control electric current applies a direction of rotation and speed on described motor, and this speed proportionally increases with the difference of the position relative to set point.On the contrary, when this set point height is less than actual height, then start variator 83 ' and enable it to quickly revise motor servo system (asservissement), to reduce the height of blade.PLC84 transmission signal S is to variator 83 ', and this variator applies a direction of rotation and speed on described motor, and this speed proportionally increases with the difference of the position relative to set point.

Claims

1. a collector unit (100), it is designed to be collected in aluminum and produces the solid fragment in the liquid medium in pond and mud, and described collector unit includes:

A) fixing device, is used for described collector unit to be fixed on a moveable support (5 '), and described moveable support can make described collector unit move at overlying regions for clearance；

B) connector driven by the first driver (50), described first driver makes described connector move relative to described moveable support in the vertical direction；

C) framework (110) connect with described connector；

D) at least one hinged bucket (120a, 120b), described bucket is around basic horizontal axis (115a, 115b) rotate, install to described framework, there is the blade (128a of basic horizontal, 128b), described bucket is by the second driver drives connect with described framework, and described second driver makes described bucket rotate around described basic horizontal axis

It is characterized in that, described first driver (50) is connected to programmable control system (83+84+85；83 '+84+85), described programmable control system can:

Ii) limit according to the value determined in i) and make the height of described blade must give the vertical motion of described connector at least equal to a predetermined value；

Iii) limit one suitably to control flow (Φ, I) and described suitable control spread and pass described first driver, so that described first driver vertically movable can give described connector described.

Collector unit the most according to claim 1 (100), it is characterised in that described liquid medium is electrolyte and molten metal.

Collector unit the most according to claim 1 (100), it is characterised in that described collector unit is a kind of shell shovel (100 ') being designed to clear up anode hole.

Collector unit the most according to claim 1 (100), it is characterised in that this programmable control system includes:

A) measure and control unit for one, described measurement and control unit: obtain the data relevant to the described height of described basic horizontal axis and the described difference in height between bucket blade and basic horizontal axis；The setting value of height in described basic horizontal axis should be endowed according to these inferred from input data one, so that the height of described blade is at least equal to a predetermined value, this makes it possible to the risk being avoided coming in contact between described blade and the barrier below described collector unit；And launch the signal (S) of a described setting value of expression；

B) transducer, described transducer is converted into control stream (Φ, I) described signal, and transmits described control and flow to described first driver.

Collector unit the most according to claim 4 (100), it is characterized in that, described programmable control system is connected to the vertically movable first sensor that can measure described connector relative to reference level (N), and it is connected to can directly or indirectly measure described bucket (120a, described blade (128a 120b), second sensor of difference in height 128b) and between described basic horizontal axis (115a, 115b).

Collector unit the most according to claim 5 (100), it is characterised in that described second sensor is the sensor of the Angle Position (α) that can determine described bucket.

Collector unit the most according to claim 5 (100), it is characterized in that, described second driver is to give the described bucket jack with rotary motion by bar, and wherein can indirectly measure described bucket (120a, the device of the difference in height of described blade (128a, 128b) 120b) is the bar the measuring described jack displacement transducer relative to the displacement (L) of the main body of described jack.

Collector unit the most according to claim 5 (100), wherein, described measurement and control unit are industrial programmable logic controller (PLC)s, described programmable logic controller (PLC):

A) data provided by described first sensor and described second sensor are provided with Fixed Time Interval；

B) utilize based on the computer program of the kinematics model of the track of blade described in suitable referential, according to these data, infer the setting value of the pivot center height that should give described bucket；And

C) transmission represents that the signal (S) of described setting value is to described transducer.

Collector unit the most according to claim 8 (100), the described computer program wherein performed in described programmable logic controller (PLC) kinematics model based on the track describing blade, this track is released by the vector translation that is directed vertically upwards along one according to the theoretical profile of trench bottom, described in the amount of vector translation that is directed vertically upwards corresponding to predetermined safe distance.

10. according to the collector unit (100) described in claim 1 or 4, it is characterized in that, described collector unit includes a framework (110) and installs two bucket (120a on said frame, 120b), said two bucket is arranged relative to generally vertical plane symmetry, it is hinged, around two basic horizontal axis (115a, 115b) rotate, each bucket has the blade relative with the blade that another struggles against, the second driver connect with described framework gives each described bucket with the rotary motion relative to described generally vertical plane almost symmetry, thus the solid fragment between said two bucket is by described bucket capture.

11. according to the collector unit (100) described in claim 1 or 4, it is characterised in that described second driver is a hydraulic jack supplied by the loop of the following at least two programme of work having for closing described bucket:

A) first scheme, wherein enables to take away the solid fragment run into by described bucket to the power that bucket transmission is sufficient；

B) alternative plan, this alternative plan is equivalent to a differential line, wherein to the kinetic energy that described bucket transmission is sufficient, to perform to clash into function.

12. collector units according to claim 4 (100), it is characterized in that, described first driver includes the motor (53 ') connect with described moveable support, connect and be connected to the connector of described motor with described collector unit, thus the rotation of described motor makes described collector unit move by described connector；Wherein said transducer is that transmission controls the electric current (I) variator (83 ') to described motor, and the feature of described control electric current allows described motor to give described vertical motion by described connector.

13. collector units according to claim 12 (100), wherein, described motor is the engine of electricapparatus jack, and described connector is the bar of described electricapparatus jack.

14. collector units according to claim 12 (100), wherein, described motor is the engine of electric winch, and described connector is the hawser of described winch.

15. collector units according to claim 4 (100), it is characterized in that, described first driver includes a hydraulic jack (51), this hydraulic jack includes the main body (55) connect with described moveable support, and described connector is the bar (52) of described hydraulic jack；And described transducer is the allotter (83) being arranged in the hydraulic circuit part of the bar side chamber supplying described hydraulic jack with controlled flow.

16. collector units according to claim 15 (100), wherein, described allotter (83) is the electric-liquid type servo allotter of the oil mass with controlled flow and control bar side chamber interior.

17. collector units according to claim 15 (100), wherein, described allotter (83) is the servo allotter of electric-controlled type proportional action.

18. collector units according to claim 15 (100), wherein, described allotter (83) is controlled by a programmable logic controller (PLC) (84), described programmable logic controller (PLC): obtain the height H of the pivot center (115 ') of bucket and the shift value L of the piston rod of the second driver with Fixed Time Interval；Utilize relevant calculating with memorizer (85), according to these values, infer the setting value of the height of the pivot center that must give bucket；And send signal (S) give described allotter (83), with reduce or have additional supply of bar side chamber for reaching oil mass necessary to correct height.

19. collector units according to claim 15 (100), wherein, described hydraulic jack (51) is beidirectional jack, the bar (52) of this jack connects with described collector unit, described jack has the bar side chamber (53) that can give described bar continuously to move straight up, and the described bar piston side chamber (54) to move straight down can be given continuously, the two chamber can be connected to pressure source (P) or fuel tank (R) by least one direction allotter (80), hydraulic circuit supplies the first driver of described collector unit, described hydraulic circuit includes some loop features being capable of following hydraulic pressure supply option:

A) differential versions, wherein bar side chamber (53) and piston side chamber (54) are connected to pressure source (P), it is allowed to described bar declines at a high speed；

B) corresponding to the scheme of resting position, described collector unit keeps hanging, and described loop feature is arranged to described collector unit and can the most vertically move when running into barrier；

C) wherein bar side chamber (53) is connected to the scheme of pressure source (P), corresponding to moving upward of described collector unit；

D) scheme of controlled operation it is in, wherein the loop feature of supply bar side chamber includes that one has controlled flow and the allotter (83) controlled by programmable control system, described programmable control system includes that one is measured and control unit, this measurement and control unit obtain the data relevant to the height of described basic horizontal axis and the difference in height between bucket blade and basic horizontal axis, the setting value of described basic horizontal axis should be given according to these inferred from input data, and send the signal representing described setting value to described allotter.

20. collector units according to claim 4 (100), it is characterised in that described barrier is trench bottom.

21. collector units according to claim 8 (100), it is characterised in that described Fixed Time Interval is a few tens of milliseconds.

22. collector units according to claim 18 (100), it is characterised in that described Fixed Time Interval is a few tens of milliseconds.

23. service modules (7), this service module (7) is designed to be used in the factory by pyrogenic process electrolytic production of aluminum, and including a balladeur train (8), and operation and attending device (10), it is characterized in that, described service module (7) also includes according to the collector unit (100) according to any one of claim 1 to 22.

24. for the service unit by the factory of pyrogenic process electrolytic production of aluminum, and described service unit includes overhead traveling crane (6), it is characterised in that described service unit also includes at least one service module according to claim 23 (7).

25. service modules according to claim 23 (7) are for the purposes being carried out operation by the electrolyzer (2) of pyrogenic process electrolytic production of aluminum, wherein said first driver is controlled by described programmable control system, so that described basic horizontal axis follows desired trajectory.

26. purposes according to claim 25, it is characterised in that this desired trajectory is positioned at above trench bottom and is parallel to described trench bottom.

27. service modules according to claim 23 (7) are for clearing up the purposes of anode hole, and wherein said first driver is controlled by described programmable control system, so that described basic horizontal axis follows desired trajectory.

28. purposes according to claim 27, it is characterised in that this desired trajectory is positioned at above trench bottom and is parallel to described trench bottom.

29. 1 kinds, for the method clearing up anode hole during anode change, wherein use according to the collector unit according to any one of claim 1 to 22, and described first driver is installed to be and connects with groove supervisor；And it is carried out as follows:

A. using PTA driver, make described collector unit in the closed position be in line with described anode hole, described first driver is in static；

B. starting described first driver to rapidly drop to predetermined altitude, described predetermined altitude is higher than the level surface of the electrolyte being positioned in groove, thus allows to open described collector unit；

C. described second driver is started, so that it opens described bucket, until described bucket arrives one with reference to open position；

D. start described first driver and be in " slowly " drop mode until preset height；

E. according to the height that reached at the end of previous stage, infer described blade should height, it is considered to a safe distance, and infer described blade described with reference to the track should followed between open position and closed position；

The most once close described collector unit, described first driver is started at ascending fashion；Then, when described collector unit reach a certain height, use PTA driver to move described collector unit towards a region receiving collected fragment.

30. the method for clearing up anode hole during anode change according to claim 29, it is characterised in that this reference open position is close to the maximum open allowed by the stroke of described second driver.