CN102661736B - Highway reorganization and expansion surveying method - Google Patents
Highway reorganization and expansion surveying method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102661736B CN102661736B CN201210154490.1A CN201210154490A CN102661736B CN 102661736 B CN102661736 B CN 102661736B CN 201210154490 A CN201210154490 A CN 201210154490A CN 102661736 B CN102661736 B CN 102661736B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a highway reorganization and expansion surveying method and relates to the fields of surveying and mapping and highway engineering design. The method comprises the following steps of: laying a ground target control point, and acquiring a three-dimensional space coordinate; performing vehicle-mounted movable laser scanning measurement, and acquiring a vehicle-mounted measured original data result; taking the three-dimensional space coordinate of the ground target control point as a reference, performing data processing on vehicle-mounted point cloud in the vehicle-mounted measured original data result, and acquiring a high-precision vehicle-mounted ground point cloud; establishing a first triangulation network for the high-precision vehicle-mounted ground point cloud, and generating a highway pavement digital elevation model; performing survey area vehicle-mounted LIDAR aerial survey, and acquiring a vehicle-mounted measured original data result; acquiring a digital elevation model and a high-precision central pile cross section map by using a 1:2000 measuring scale according to the vehicle-mounted measured original data result; and taking the vehicle-mounted measured original data result as the basis, and manufacturing digital line graphs by using the 1:2000 measuring scale in a respective 300m range on two sides of the highway by integrating the vehicle-mounted ground point cloud and digital aerial photos.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to mapping and Highway Design field, particularly a kind of highway extension project investigation method.
Background technology
Along with the fast development of economic society, the highway of the Middle Eastern capacity that is open to traffic is saturated, in the urgent need to accelerating highway extension project work.Wherein, highway extension project exploration work is basis and the important step of whole reorganization and expansion work, close with duration, quality and the relationship between efficiency of Expressway Extension Project.Highway extension project investigation method of the prior art, mainly adopts engineering survey and traditional digital aviation photogrammetric technology.
Inventor realizes in process of the present invention, at least has following shortcoming and defect in discovery prior art:
(1) engineering survey exists that workload is large, project cost is high, duty cycle is long and many-sided shortcoming such as labour intensity is large, can not meet that highway extension project department is low to survey and design job costs, the duration is short, many-sided high-level requirement such as precision and quality requirements height;
(2) engineering survey needs the operation on express highway pavement of field operation survey crew, for meeting this surveying work requirement, a kind of method is to measuring section temporary enclosed, guarantee the job safety of field operation survey crew, but this operating type has had a strong impact on the normal operation of Freeway Transport administrative authority, economic society is normally runed and produced larger negative effect; Another kind method is not seal highway, operating personnel, in express highway pavement work, only carries out the warning of operation section and reminds, but because express-road vehicle running speed is fast, this operational method is difficult to guarantee the job safety of field operation survey crew, has great potential safety hazard;
(3) the photogrammetric employing stereoplotting of traditional digital aviation method gathers ground dimensional topography, automaticity landform altitude precision lower and that extract is poor, only meet the accuracy requirement of highway preliminary survey stage DEM, can not meet the accuracy requirement of 0.1 meter of later stage highway location survey stage king-pile cross-sectional view mean square error of height, nature can not solve later stage king-pile transversal section mapping demand.
While adopting the methods such as engineering survey, traditional photogrammetric measurement in highway extension project exploration process, inevitably there is job safety hidden danger, affect that site traffic is current, project cost is high, the construction cycle is long and the problem such as Product Precision is low.How guaranteeing that highway extension project exploration meets under the prerequisite that industry exploration standard and owner require, guarantee as far as possible field operation measure operating personnel's safety, do not affect reorganization and expansion highway communication current, shorten the construction cycle, improve preliminary survey stage mapping product deep processing added value and become this area scientific and technical personnel problem anxious to be resolved.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of highway extension project investigation method, the present invention has improved the security of operation, has reduced project cost, has shortened the construction cycle, and the precision that has improved product, described below:
An investigation method, said method comprising the steps of:
(1) lay target reference mark, ground, obtain the three dimensional space coordinate at target reference mark, described ground;
(2) carry out vehicle-mounted mobile laser scanning measurement, obtain vehicle-mounted measurement raw data achievement;
(3) take the three dimensional space coordinate at target reference mark, described ground is reference, and vehicle-mounted some cloud in described vehicle-mounted measurement raw data achievement carried out to data processing, obtains high precision vehicle-mounted ground point cloud;
(4) described high precision vehicle-mounted ground point cloud is built to first triangulation network, generate express highway pavement digital elevation model;
(5) survey district's airborne LIDAR aerial survey, obtain airborne measurement raw data achievement;
(6) according to described airborne measurement raw data achievement, obtain 1:2000 engineer's scale numeral elevation model and high precision king-pile cross-sectional view;
(7) take described airborne measurement raw data achievement as basis, by integrated airborne ground point cloud and digital boat sheet, carry out the making of 1:2000 engineer's scale numeral line layout figure within the scope of each 300 meters of highway both sides.
Described three dimensional space coordinate of take target reference mark, described ground is reference, and vehicle-mounted some cloud in described vehicle-mounted measurement raw data achievement carried out to data processing, obtains high precision vehicle-mounted ground point cloud and specifically comprises:
1) with reference to vehicle-mounted some cloud of mobile unit calibration parameter calculation, by data pre-service, obtain described vehicle-mounted ground point cloud;
2) build seamless linear interpolation correction model, according to the three dimensional space coordinate at described seamless linear interpolation correction model and target reference mark, described ground, realize data adjustment and the precision optimizing of described vehicle-mounted ground point cloud, obtain described high precision vehicle-mounted ground point cloud.
Described structure is seamless, and linear interpolation correction model specifically comprises:
In expert data process software environment, import the vehicle-mounted ground point cloud in local section and the three dimensional space coordinate at target reference mark, described ground, from the vehicle-mounted ground point cloud in described local section, extracting the point that described ground target dominating pair of vertices answers converges, at described point, converge and obtain the unique point three-dimensional coordinate that described ground target dominating pair of vertices is answered, set up the three dimensional space coordinate at target reference mark, described ground and the mapping relations one by one between described unique point three-dimensional coordinate, build described seamless linear interpolation correction model.
Described seamless linear interpolation correction model is specially:
Wherein, (T
i, X
i, Y
i, Z
i) and (T
j, X
j, Y
j, Z
j) be respectively two adjacent land-based target mark reference mark K on the vehicle-mounted ground point cloud of local section
iand K
jcorresponding unit information, (T
change, X
change, Y
change, Z
change) be between two adjacent land-based target mark reference mark, to need to carry out each coordinate points K of coordinate correction
changecorresponding unit information; T
ifor K
ithe gps time that point is corresponding, X
i, Y
iand Z
ivalue is respectively T
ithe Correction of Errors value of moment vehicle-mounted ground point cloud on three-dimensional coordinate; T
jfor K
jthe gps time that point is corresponding, X
j, Y
jand Z
jvalue is respectively T
jthe Correction of Errors value of moment vehicle-mounted ground point cloud on three-dimensional coordinate; T
changefor K
changethe gps time that point is corresponding, X
change, Y
changeand Z
changevalue is respectively T
changemoment K
changethe three-dimensional coordinate Correction of Errors value that point calculates, the value of i and j is positive integer.
Describedly according to described airborne measurement raw data achievement, obtain 1:2000 engineer's scale numeral elevation model and high precision king-pile cross-sectional view specifically comprises:
1), with reference to airborne equipment calibration parameter, resolve and survey district's airborne LIDAR aerial survey original point cloud achievement;
2) obtain airborne ground point cloud, take described high precision vehicle-mounted ground point cloud as controlling reference, described survey district airborne LIDAR aerial survey original point cloud achievement is carried out to some cloud adjustment and a precision optimizing;
3) described airborne ground point cloud is built to second triangulation network, and generate described 1:2000 engineer's scale numeral elevation model;
4) in described expert data process software environment, import king-pile reference mark and transversal section projection line, described second triangulation network of take is foundation, and interpolation generates described king-pile cross-sectional view.
Describedly obtain airborne ground point cloud, take described high precision vehicle-mounted ground point cloud as controlling reference, described survey district airborne LIDAR aerial survey original point cloud achievement is carried out to a cloud adjustment and precision optimizing specifically comprises:
Described survey district airborne LIDAR aerial survey original point cloud achievement is carried out to ground filtering classification, obtain airborne ground point cloud; In described expert data process software environment, import respectively described high precision vehicle-mounted ground point cloud and described airborne ground point cloud; Match condition along highway survey line every high precision vehicle-mounted ground point cloud described in one section of interpretation and described airborne ground point cloud, choose interpretation point position, using on described high precision vehicle-mounted ground point cloud and described airborne ground point cloud to nearest a pair of as controlling feature reference of described interpretation point, set up mapping relations one by one, build seamless linear interpolation correction model; Take described seamless linear interpolation correction model and described mapping relations realizes described survey district airborne LIDAR aerial survey original point cloud achievement is carried out to some cloud adjustment and a precision optimizing as basis.
Describedly take described airborne measurement raw data achievement as basis, the making of carrying out 1:2000 engineer's scale numeral line layout figure within the scope of each 300 meters of highway both sides by integrated airborne ground point cloud and digital boat sheet specifically comprises:
1) on described airborne ground point cloud basis, by contour interval is set, by expert data process software automatic mapping contour line key element, level line lines are smoothly edited simultaneously, obtain the described level line that meets GB;
2) described digital boat sheet is carried out to empty three encryptions, obtain boat sheet empty three and encrypt achievement and digital camera geometric distortion model; To described empty three, encrypt achievement and carry out file data format conversion; The described digital camera geometric distortion model of take is reference, and described digital boat sheet is carried out to geometric distortion correction; Sky three after import format conversion is encrypted the number boat sheet after achievement and geometric distortion correction, builds described stereogram observing environment, realizes plane atural object key element is gathered to mapping, obtains plane atural object key element line and is divided into fruit;
3) described level line and described plane atural object key element line are divided into fruit and carry out integratedly, obtain described 1:2000 engineer's scale numeral line layout figure.
The invention provides a kind of highway extension project investigation method, the present invention is by take vehicle-mounted some cloud of high precision as controlling reference, airborne some cloud carried out to adjustment and precision optimizing, can obtain and survey district's digital elevation model achievement, high and the vertical accuracy of model space resolution can be better than 0.1 meter, has following beneficial effect:
1) change traditional highway extension project prospecting technique thinking, solved conventional art means field operation survey crew job safety hidden danger and normally current two hang-ups of impact old road traffic; The present invention sets out on a journey without personnel, only need carry out field operation measurement in driving mode, does not affect traffic current, also can not produce project personnel's field operation job safety hidden danger;
2) the present invention only needs to coordinate a small amount of ground control survey work, and most of field operation surveying work only can complete fast in running car mode, has improved greatly field data collecting efficiency; Data processing is higher with some cloud adjustment automaticity, suitable with engineering survey method efficiency; The present invention can improve freeway survey overall operation efficiency, has shortened greatly the operation duration;
3) the present invention has improved the deep processing added value of preliminary survey stage achievement, has realized the integrated of freeway survey preliminary survey, location survey work, the whole construction cost of the project that greatly reduces.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of a kind of highway extension project investigation method provided by the invention.
Embodiment
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
In order to improve the security of operation, reduce project cost, shorten the construction cycle, and the precision that improves product, referring to Fig. 1, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of highway extension project investigation method, and the method comprises the following steps:
The problems that exist in the application of highway extension project exploration field in order to solve existing traditional surveying and mapping technology, enhance productivity and the deep processing added value of mapping product, the object of the embodiment of the present invention is to provide the highway extension project investigation method of a kind of integrated airborne laser radar aerial survey (LIDAR) and vehicle-mounted mobile laser scanning measurement technology.This method is meeting under the prerequisite of highway extension project exploration mapping Result Precision and quality, guaranteed field operation survey crew job safety, do not affect reorganization and expansion freeway traffic completely current, improved the deep processing added value of preliminary survey stage surveying and mapping result, realized the integrated of freeway survey preliminary survey and location survey work, reduced project development cost, improved the whole work efficiency of freeway survey, shorten project duration, thoroughly solved the shortcoming that traditional highway extension project exploration surveying and mapping technology means exist.
The road surface digital elevation model plane precision that highway extension project exploration industry standard requires to extract is less than 0.05 meter, vertical accuracy and is less than 0.02 meter; Highway extension project exploration industry standard requires the cross-sectional view vertical accuracy of extraction within the scope of each 60 meters of road center line king-pile point both sides to be less than 0.1 meter.
101: airborne LIDAR (Light Detection And Ranging, laser radar) and vehicle-mounted mobile laser scanning measurement equipment are carried out to calibration, obtain airborne equipment calibration parameter and mobile unit calibration parameter;
Wherein, airborne LIDAR and vehicle-mounted mobile laser scanning measurement equipment carry out calibration and specifically laser sensor parts and digital camera are carried out to calibration.Laser sensor parts need calibration heading(angle of drift), roll(roll angle) and the pitch(angle of pitch) three parameters; Digital camera needs calibration heading, roll, pitch, principal point side-play amount and lens geometry distortion model parameter, the school of testing to parameter needs field operation to measure ground control point, the calibration that adopts expert data processing and analytical approach to carry out equipment calibration parameter is calculated, if any suitable calibration field, laser sensor and Calibration of Digital Cameras can share.
102: lay target reference mark, ground, obtain the three dimensional space coordinate at target reference mark, ground;
Wherein, this method adopts traditional engineering survey method to complete ground control survey work, lays target reference mark, ground.In order to reduce project input cost, target reference mark, ground selects common building rotary head as target material.Lay along highway edge at target reference mark, ground.Require the position at target reference mark, ground not exist intervisibility to block, the ground substantially flat of position, and laying near the peripheral Fu Dao of highway sideline as far as possible, to alleviate as far as possible the outdoor workers problem of setting out on a journey.Target reference mark, ground is generally laid staggeredly along highway both sides.According to the quality of express highway section GPS (GPS) moonscope environment, determine the average headway of ground target control points layout.According to engineering project practical experience, target reference mark, ground, district spacing is surveyed in the domestic north can be designed to 0.6 kilometer, and target reference mark, ground, district spacing is surveyed in south can be designed to 0.4 kilometer.During practical application, when local section, observation condition is better, can suitably increase target reference mark, ground spacing; When local section, observation condition is poor, should suitably reduce target reference mark, ground spacing.After completing ground target control points layout, need carry out the field operation at target reference mark, ground and measure.
Wherein, the three dimensional space coordinate that obtains target reference mark, ground is specially: planimetric coordinates adopts GPS RTK(Real Time Kinematic, real time dynamic differential) metering system, the measurement of higher degree adopts fourth-order leveling.
103: carry out vehicle-mounted mobile laser scanning measurement, obtain vehicle-mounted measurement raw data achievement;
Wherein, by driving mode, complete obtaining of vehicle-mounted mobile laser scanning measurement field data, vehicle-mounted measurement raw data achievement comprises: vehicle-mounted some cloud and digital photograph etc.
Wherein, in highway traveling process, because vehicle flowrate on highway is large, the dense shade tree in road both sides is to reasons such as satellite block, in vehicle-mounted measurement traveling process, the dynamic observation condition of GPS is unsatisfactory.For guaranteeing vehicle-mounted mobile laser scanning measurement field data acquisition quality, general employing " along highway peripheral come and go measure, duplicate measurements is once again " operation scheme, guarantee that all sections of field operation all can obtain high-quality vehicle-mounted measurement raw data achievement.In order to guarantee the quality of vehicle-mounted measurement raw data achievement, automobile driving speed remains on 20-30 kilometer/hour, and as far as possible at the uniform velocity travels.
104: the three dimensional space coordinate at target reference mark, ground of take is reference, and vehicle-mounted some cloud in vehicle-mounted measurement raw data achievement carried out to data processing, obtains high precision vehicle-mounted ground point cloud;
1) with reference to vehicle-mounted some cloud of mobile unit calibration parameter calculation, by data pre-service, obtain vehicle-mounted ground point cloud;
Wherein, data pre-service specifically comprises: some cloud framing, ground classification, coordinate conversion and optimal data piecewise analysis are chosen etc., carries out Primary Stage Data process preparation for vehicle-mounted ground point cloud adjustment and precision optimizing.Thereby vehicle-mounted some cloud carried out to filtering classification processing and obtain vehicle-mounted ground point cloud.
2) build seamless linear interpolation correction model, according to the three dimensional space coordinate at seamless linear interpolation correction model and target reference mark, ground, realize data adjustment and the precision optimizing of vehicle-mounted ground point cloud, obtain high precision vehicle-mounted ground point cloud.
Wherein, this step specifically comprises: the three dimensional space coordinate that imports the target reference mark, vehicle-mounted ground Dian Yunhe ground in local section (unit, section corresponding to each map sheet after some cloud framing) in expert data process software environment, from the vehicle-mounted ground point cloud in local section, extracting the point that ground target dominating pair of vertices answers converges, at point, converge and obtain the unique point three-dimensional coordinate that ground target dominating pair of vertices is answered, set up the three dimensional space coordinate at target reference mark, ground and the mapping relations one by one between unique point three-dimensional coordinate, build seamless linear interpolation correction model.
Wherein, seamless linear interpolation correction model is as follows:
Wherein, (T
i, X
i, Y
i, Z
i) and (T
j, X
j, Y
j, Z
j) be respectively two adjacent land-based target mark reference mark K on the vehicle-mounted ground point cloud of local section
iand K
jcorresponding unit information, (T
change, X
change, Y
change, Z
change) be between two adjacent land-based target mark reference mark, to need to carry out each coordinate points K of coordinate correction
changecorresponding unit information.T
ifor K
ithe gps time that point is corresponding, X
i, Y
iand Z
ivalue is respectively T
ithe Correction of Errors value of moment vehicle-mounted ground point cloud on three-dimensional coordinate; T
jfor K
jthe gps time that point is corresponding, X
j, Y
jand Z
jvalue is respectively T
jthe Correction of Errors value of moment vehicle-mounted ground point cloud on three-dimensional coordinate; T
changefor K
changethe gps time that point is corresponding, X
change, Y
changeand Z
changevalue is respectively T
changemoment K
changethe three-dimensional coordinate Correction of Errors value that point calculates, the value of i and j is positive integer.
Wherein, through step 2) process after, vehicle-mounted ground point cloud plane precision is less than 0.05 meter, vertical accuracy is less than 0.02 meter, meets highway extension project exploration to having the requirement of road surface digital elevation model vertical accuracy.Meanwhile, this outcome data can be used for after the control reference of airborne LIDAR cloud data adjustment and precision optimizing.
Wherein, expert data process software environment is generally: Microstation and Terrasolid etc., the embodiment of the present invention does not limit this.
105: high precision vehicle-mounted ground point cloud is built to first triangulation network, generate express highway pavement digital elevation model;
106: survey the airborne LIDAR aerial survey in district, obtain airborne measurement raw data achievement;
Wherein, airborne measurement raw data achievement comprises: airborne some cloud and digital boat sheet.Airborne LIDAR aerial survey and data processing technique are relatively ripe, and this method adopts general method in prior art, does not repeat them here.The raw data achievement that airborne LIDAR aerial survey is obtained covers Quan Ce district, and the accuracy requirement of some cloud level journey is less than 0.2 meter.
107: according to airborne measurement raw data achievement, obtain 1:2000 engineer's scale numeral elevation model and high precision king-pile cross-sectional view;
Wherein, cross-sectional view vertical accuracy is less than 0.1 meter.
1), with reference to airborne equipment calibration parameter, resolve and survey district's airborne LIDAR aerial survey original point cloud achievement;
2) obtain airborne ground point cloud, the high precision vehicle-mounted ground point cloud of take carries out some cloud adjustment and a precision optimizing as controlling with reference to ，Dui Ce district airborne LIDAR aerial survey original point cloud achievement;
Wherein, this step is specially: Dui Ce district airborne LIDAR aerial survey original point cloud achievement is carried out ground filtering classification, obtains airborne ground point cloud; In expert data process software environment, import respectively high precision vehicle-mounted ground point cloud and airborne ground point cloud; Match condition along highway survey line every one section of interpretation high precision vehicle-mounted ground point cloud and airborne ground point cloud, be generally 1 kilometer and choose an interpretation point position, using on high precision vehicle-mounted ground point cloud and airborne ground point cloud to nearest a pair of as controlling feature reference of interpretation point, set up mapping relations one by one, build seamless linear interpolation correction model; Take seamless linear interpolation correction model and mapping relations realizes Dui Ce district airborne LIDAR aerial survey original point cloud achievement and carries out some cloud adjustment and a precision optimizing as basis.
Wherein, the seamless linear interpolation correction model of setting up in this step is the same with the model of describing in step 104, does not repeat them here.
3) airborne ground point cloud is built to second triangulation network, and generate 1:2000 engineer's scale numeral elevation model;
4) in expert data process software environment, import king-pile reference mark and transversal section projection line, take second triangulation network as foundation, interpolation generates king-pile cross-sectional view.
Wherein, during practical application, king-pile reference mark and transversal section projection line provide for Road Design side, and the embodiment of the present invention does not repeat them here.
Because above airborne ground point cloud has carried out some cloud adjustment and a precision optimizing, the error of later stage king-pile cross-sectional view is mainly transversal section interpolated error, by increasing airborne ground point cloud density, can reduce this error, guarantee that the vertical accuracy of king-pile cross-sectional view is better than 0.1 meter.
108: take airborne measurement raw data achievement as basis, by integrated airborne ground point cloud and digital boat sheet, carry out the making of 1:2000 engineer's scale numeral line layout figure within the scope of each 300 meters of highway both sides.
Wherein, this step specifically comprises:
1) on airborne ground point cloud basis, by contour interval is set, by expert data process software, get final product automatic mapping contour line key element, level line lines are smoothly edited simultaneously, obtain the level line that meets GB;
2) logarithmic code boat sheet carries out empty three encryptions, obtains boat sheet empty three and encrypts achievement and digital camera geometric distortion model; To empty three, encrypt achievement and carry out file data format conversion; The digital camera geometric distortion model of take is reference, and logarithmic code boat sheet carries out geometric distortion correction; Sky three after import format conversion is encrypted the number boat sheet after achievement and geometric distortion correction, builds stereogram observing environment, realizes plane atural object key element is gathered to mapping, obtains plane atural object key element line and is divided into really;
Wherein, the sky after format conversion three is encrypted achievement and is required the photogrammetric software of compatible main flow.
Wherein, digital camera geometric distortion model comprises ray Twisting model and tangent line Twisting model two parts altogether.
Ray Twisting model is specially:
d
x=-rx×((A×(d
2-R
2))+(B×(d
4-R
4)))
d
y=-ry×((A×(d
2-R
2))+(B×(d
4-R4)))
Tangent line Twisting model is specially:
d
x=P1×(d
2+2×rx×rx)+2×P2×rx×ry
d
y=P2×(d
2+2×rx×rx)+2×P1×rx×ry
Wherein, d
x, d
ybe respectively the coordinate correction value of pixel in x, y direction on boat sheet; Rx, ry are respectively pixel on boat sheet to the relative pixel distance in boat sheet principal point position x, y direction; D is for pixel on boat sheet is to the two dimensional surface distance of boat sheet principal point; The intrinsic parameter ，You camera lens producer that A, B, R, P1 and P2 are respectively above two model data functions directly provides by the calibration of factory building physics.
3) level line and plane atural object key element line are divided into fruit and carry out integratedly, obtain 1:2000 engineer's scale numeral line layout figure.
Wherein, after integrated, needing to make flow process by the photogrammetric digital line layout figure of traditional digital aviation carries out later stage field operation and adjusts to paint, repair and survey and interior industry editor arranges, symbolism is processed, generation meets the 1:2000 engineer's scale DLG figure achievement that GB requires, this processing procedure belongs to technology well known in the art, and the embodiment of the present invention does not repeat them here.
By the 1:2000 engineer's scale numeral elevation model, 1:2000 engineer's scale numeral line layout figure, high precision king-pile cross-sectional view and the express highway pavement digital elevation model that get, realize the exploration to highway extension project.
With a concrete example, verify the feasibility of a kind of highway extension project investigation method that this method provides below, described below:
Tradition highway extension project investigation method mainly adopts traditional surveying and mapping technology schemes such as engineering survey, traditional digital aviation be photogrammetric.The embodiment of the present invention mainly adopts integrated airborne LIDAR aerial survey and vehicle-mounted mobile laser scanning measurement technical method to carry out highway extension project exploration.The Beijing-Hongkong Australia highway Hebei Section reorganization and expansion exploration project of take is example, the highway extension project exploration preliminary survey stage need be obtained 1:2000 engineer's scale numeral elevation model and digital line layout figure achievement, the location survey stage need be carried out king-pile setting-out and be obtained king-pile cross-sectional view, need in addition to obtain express highway pavement digital elevation model, test findings is as shown in table 1:
Table 1
By the data statistics in table 1, can directly know the feasibility of this method, met the needs in practical application.
In sum, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of highway extension project investigation method, by the technical method of integrated airborne LIDAR aerial survey and vehicle-mounted mobile laser scanning measurement, guaranteed field operation survey crew job safety, do not affect reorganization and expansion freeway traffic current, improved the deep processing added value of preliminary survey stage surveying and mapping result, realized freeway survey preliminary survey, location survey work integrated, reduced project development cost, improved the whole work efficiency of freeway survey, shortened project duration, thoroughly solved the shortcoming that above traditional highway extension project exploration surveying and mapping technology means exist, in highway extension project exploration field, there is very large application value.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that accompanying drawing is the schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment, the invention described above embodiment sequence number, just to describing, does not represent the quality of embodiment.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention not all, any modification of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a highway extension project investigation method, is characterized in that, said method comprising the steps of:
(1) lay target reference mark, ground, obtain the three dimensional space coordinate at target reference mark, described ground;
(2) carry out vehicle-mounted mobile laser scanning measurement, obtain vehicle-mounted measurement raw data achievement;
(3) take the three dimensional space coordinate at target reference mark, described ground is reference, and vehicle-mounted some cloud in described vehicle-mounted measurement raw data achievement carried out to data processing, obtains high precision vehicle-mounted ground point cloud;
(4) described high precision vehicle-mounted ground point cloud is built to first triangulation network, generate express highway pavement digital elevation model;
(5) survey district's airborne LIDAR aerial survey, obtain airborne measurement raw data achievement;
(6) according to described airborne measurement raw data achievement, obtain 1:2000 engineer's scale numeral elevation model and high precision king-pile cross-sectional view;
(7) take described airborne measurement raw data achievement as basis, by integrated airborne ground point cloud and digital boat sheet, carry out the making of 1:2000 engineer's scale numeral line layout figure within the scope of each 300 meters of highway both sides.
2. a kind of highway extension project investigation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described three dimensional space coordinate of take target reference mark, described ground is reference, vehicle-mounted some cloud in described vehicle-mounted measurement raw data achievement carried out to data processing, obtains high precision vehicle-mounted ground point cloud and specifically comprise:
1) with reference to vehicle-mounted some cloud of mobile unit calibration parameter calculation, by data pre-service, obtain described vehicle-mounted ground point cloud;
2) build seamless linear interpolation correction model, according to the three dimensional space coordinate at described seamless linear interpolation correction model and target reference mark, described ground, realize data adjustment and the precision optimizing of described vehicle-mounted ground point cloud, obtain described high precision vehicle-mounted ground point cloud.
3. a kind of highway extension project investigation method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described structure is seamless, and linear interpolation correction model specifically comprises:
In expert data process software environment, import the vehicle-mounted ground point cloud in local section and the three dimensional space coordinate at target reference mark, described ground, from the vehicle-mounted ground point cloud in described local section, extracting the point that described ground target dominating pair of vertices answers converges, at described point, converge and obtain the unique point three-dimensional coordinate that described ground target dominating pair of vertices is answered, set up the three dimensional space coordinate at target reference mark, described ground and the mapping relations one by one between described unique point three-dimensional coordinate, build described seamless linear interpolation correction model.
4. a kind of highway extension project investigation method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described seamless linear interpolation correction model is specially:
Wherein, (T
i, X
i, Y
i, Z
i) and (T
j, X
j, Y
j, Z
j) be respectively two adjacent land-based target mark reference mark K on the vehicle-mounted ground point cloud of local section
iand K
jcorresponding unit information, (T
change, X
change, Y
change, Z
change) be between two adjacent land-based target mark reference mark, to need to carry out each coordinate points K of coordinate correction
changecorresponding unit information; T
ifor K
ithe gps time that point is corresponding, X
i, Y
iand Z
ivalue is respectively T
ithe Correction of Errors value of moment vehicle-mounted ground point cloud on three-dimensional coordinate; T
jfor K
jthe gps time that point is corresponding, X
j, Y
jand Z
jvalue is respectively T
jthe Correction of Errors value of moment vehicle-mounted ground point cloud on three-dimensional coordinate; T
changefor K
changethe gps time that point is corresponding, X
change, Y
changeand Z
changevalue is respectively T
changemoment K
changethe three-dimensional coordinate Correction of Errors value that point calculates, the value of i and j is positive integer.
5. a kind of highway extension project investigation method according to claim 4, is characterized in that, describedly according to described airborne measurement raw data achievement, obtains 1:2000 engineer's scale numeral elevation model and high precision king-pile cross-sectional view specifically comprises:
1), with reference to airborne equipment calibration parameter, resolve and survey district's airborne LIDAR aerial survey original point cloud achievement;
2) obtain airborne ground point cloud, take described high precision vehicle-mounted ground point cloud as controlling reference, described survey district airborne LIDAR aerial survey original point cloud achievement is carried out to some cloud adjustment and a precision optimizing;
3) described airborne ground point cloud is built to second triangulation network, and generate described 1:2000 engineer's scale numeral elevation model;
4) in described expert data process software environment, import king-pile reference mark and transversal section projection line, described second triangulation network of take is foundation, and interpolation generates described king-pile cross-sectional view.
6. a kind of highway extension project investigation method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, describedly obtain airborne ground point cloud, take described high precision vehicle-mounted ground point cloud as controlling reference, described survey district airborne LIDAR aerial survey original point cloud achievement carried out to a cloud adjustment and precision optimizing specifically comprises:
Described survey district airborne LIDAR aerial survey original point cloud achievement is carried out to ground filtering classification, obtain airborne ground point cloud; In described expert data process software environment, import respectively described high precision vehicle-mounted ground point cloud and described airborne ground point cloud; Match condition along highway survey line every high precision vehicle-mounted ground point cloud described in one section of interpretation and described airborne ground point cloud, choose interpretation point position, using on described high precision vehicle-mounted ground point cloud and described airborne ground point cloud to nearest a pair of as controlling feature reference of described interpretation point, set up mapping relations one by one, build seamless linear interpolation correction model; Take described seamless linear interpolation correction model and described mapping relations realizes described survey district airborne LIDAR aerial survey original point cloud achievement is carried out to some cloud adjustment and a precision optimizing as basis.
7. a kind of highway extension project investigation method according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, describedly take described airborne measurement raw data achievement as basis, the making of carrying out 1:2000 engineer's scale numeral line layout figure within the scope of each 300 meters of highway both sides by integrated airborne ground point cloud and digital boat sheet specifically comprises:
1) on described airborne ground point cloud basis, by contour interval is set, by expert data process software automatic mapping contour line key element, level line lines are smoothly edited simultaneously, obtain the described level line that meets GB;
2) described digital boat sheet is carried out to empty three encryptions, obtain boat sheet empty three and encrypt achievement and digital camera geometric distortion model; To described empty three, encrypt achievement and carry out file data format conversion; The described digital camera geometric distortion model of take is reference, and described digital boat sheet is carried out to geometric distortion correction; Sky three after import format conversion is encrypted the number boat sheet after achievement and geometric distortion correction, builds described stereogram observing environment, realizes plane atural object key element is gathered to mapping, obtains plane atural object key element line and is divided into fruit;
3) described level line and described plane atural object key element line are divided into fruit and carry out integratedly, obtain described 1:2000 engineer's scale numeral line layout figure.
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