CN102660296B - Liquid crystal composition and application thereof - Google Patents
Liquid crystal composition and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102660296B CN102660296B CN201210151896.4A CN201210151896A CN102660296B CN 102660296 B CN102660296 B CN 102660296B CN 201210151896 A CN201210151896 A CN 201210151896A CN 102660296 B CN102660296 B CN 102660296B
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- CGRKJGAKPDOBRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cc(cc1)ccc1-c(ccc(-c(cc1)ccc1C#N)c1)c1F Chemical compound Cc(cc1)ccc1-c(ccc(-c(cc1)ccc1C#N)c1)c1F CGRKJGAKPDOBRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K2019/0444—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit characterized by a linking chain between rings or ring systems, a bridging chain between extensive mesogenic moieties or an end chain group
Abstract
The invention provides a liquid crystal composition and an application thereof. Based on 100 percent by mass of the composition, the liquid crystal composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0-70 percent of a nematic liquid crystal compound shown as a formula I, 0-50 percent of a nematic liquid crystal compound shown as a formula II, 0-50 percent of a nematic liquid crystal compound shown as a formula III, 0-30 percent of a nematic liquid crystal compound shown as a formula IV and 0-30 percent of a nematic liquid crystal compound shown as a formula V. The liquid crystal composition has high birefringence rate, and has the characteristics of high upper limit temperature of a nematic phase, low lower limit temperature of the nematic phase, low rotation viscosity, high response speed and the like. The liquid crystal composition provided by the invention can be applied in the fields of variable-focus liquid crystal lenses and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of liquid-crystal composition, relate in particular to a kind of nematic liquid crystal composition.Liquid-crystal composition of the present invention can be used for the fields such as varifocal liquid crystal lens (Liquid Crystal lens).
Background technology
1888, F.Reinitzer was measuring when melting points of organic compounds, find some compound after thawing through going through an opaque muddy state, in the middle of the liquid of this muddiness, there is mutually the phenomenon similar with crystal, and is called liquid crystal.20 century 70s are due to the development of large-scale integrated circuit and liquid crystal material, the application of liquid crystal aspect demonstration had breakthrough progress, utilize electrooptic effect and the unicircuit of twisted nematic liquid crystal to combine, be made into display device, realize the industrialization of liquid crystal material, this liquid crystal material is called twisted nematic liquid crystal and shows (TN-LCD) material, and its product is mainly used on Die elektrische Zeituhr and counter.The mid-80, succeeds in developing Super Twisted Nematic Liquid Crystal and shows (STN-LCD) material, and its product is mainly used on beeper, mobile telephone and notebook computer.1993, having grasped array in Japan drives after the production technology of liquid crystal display TFT-LCD, liquid-crystal display has started rapid development, lcd technology has become the main flow of technique of display now, liquid-crystal display is just illustrated in face of people with colourful form, its many products are because its excellent characteristic makes its pursuit that is just becoming fashion, and very powerful and exceedingly arrogant commodity in market.
The devices such as camera, mobile phone camera, the demonstration of 3D stereopsis, phase modulator, often utilize zoom lens by image zoom or dwindle imaging.Traditional zoom camera lens is provided with multiple mirror groups (lens group), by moving along optical axis direction between mirror group, to change spacing each other, thereby whole focal length is changed, but does not affect image-forming range.But this kind of camera lens need to be longer mirror group miles of relative movement, cause the mechanism volume of this focusing large, regulate slowly, focusing range is limited, expensive, device drives consumed energy large and easily damage etc.
For finding the method that substitutes mechanical focusing, and can change focal length on a large scale, prior art discloses a kind of liquid-crystal zoom lens that utilizes electric field to control focal length (Liquid Crystal lens), form special electric field by applying voltage on the electrode with circular hole, liquid crystal molecule in electric field is deflected, thereby light is played to the effect that disperses or assemble.It is actual is a kind of simulated optical element, can realize easily by apply different voltage between electrode the specific optical lens characteristic that we want.
Another prior art also discloses a kind of column liquid crystal lens grating that utilizes electric field to form lens, realize 3D stereo display, by etch strip transparent ITO electrode on transparent glass substrate, then on this electrode, apply different voltage and form electric field, liquid crystal molecule in electric field is deflected, thereby change incident direction of light, the variation of logical superpotential variation and number of electrodes simultaneously changes focal length and the pitch etc. of column liquid crystal lens grating.
For realizing the superiority of the more traditional column physical grating of column liquid crystal lens grating, need column liquid crystal lens grating under 60Hz, 120Hz or higher frequency, can freely switch, to this, need a kind of liquid-crystal composition with high speed response property.
Between each variable of, liquid-crystal composition relevant with the response performance of column liquid crystal lens grating, there is following relation:
Relational expression one:
T
on=(γ1d
2/k
11π
2)/[(V/Vth)
2-1]
Relational expression two:
T
off=γ1d
2/k
11π
2
Wherein, γ
1be rotary viscosity, d is thickness of liquid crystal layer, K
11be the bent elastic constant of exhibition, V is driving voltage, and Vth is threshold voltage.
Can find out from above-mentioned relation formula, by reducing the rotary viscosity of liquid-crystal composition or improving it and open up bent elastic constant, or reduce thickness of liquid crystal layer, can shorten its time of response.But if reduce rotary viscosity to improve the time of response, the elastic constant of liquid crystal and transformation temperature also will decline thereupon, and if elastic constant increases, threshold voltage and rotary viscosity will be tending towards increasing.Meanwhile, if reduce thickness of liquid crystal layer, the degree of birefringence of liquid-crystal composition will increase, and this can cause rotary viscosity to increase equally.Therefore,, for improving the time of response, it is minimum that the equilibrium relationship between these three influence factors must reduce to.
The stereo display column liquid crystal lens as 3D, according to lens calculation formula f=r
2/ (2 Δ nd), r represents 1/2 this lens pitch, Δ n represents the degree of birefringence of liquid crystal, d represents that the box of liquid crystal cell is thick, more specifically drawing needs degree of birefringence (Δ n) is greater than more than 0.25, needs less viscoelastic coefficient ratio, wider transformation temperature scope simultaneously.
(Δ is n) an important physical property of liquid crystalline cpd to degree of birefringence.Double refraction is subject to benzene ring structure and the domination of π key end group in liquid crystal molecule to a great extent, therefore, it is relevant with the dielectric anisotropy of molecule that this character is actually, and the molecule with large dielectric anisotropy often also has large Δ n, but also have the situation of exception to exist.In the composition of homologous series compound composition, Δ n is usually linear with the concentration of component.Therefore generally all there is larger optical anisotropy containing the liquid crystal of isothiocyano, cyano group, ester group, alkoxyl group, phenyl ring or acetylene bond.Common TN, STN shows with the Δ n of mixed liquid crystal material generally between 0.12 to 0.20, TFT shows with the Δ n of liquid crystal material generally between 0.065 to 0.135, PDLC and multistable demonstration generally need to be greater than 0.20 with the Δ n of liquid crystal material, and the Δ n of 3D liquid crystal material of liquid crystal lens (Liquid Crystal lens) for stereo display is generally greater than 0.25.
Because the physicals of the each component of mixed liquid crystal material is each different, be therefore difficult to the parameters combination of realizing ideal, need to monomer liquid crystal select and component proportion aspect do further optimization.
Summary of the invention
One of object of the present invention is to provide a kind of liquid-crystal composition and application thereof with larger degree of birefringence.
The liquid-crystal composition with larger degree of birefringence provided by the present invention also has the characteristics such as high, the nematic lower limit temperature of nematic ceiling temperature is low, rotary viscosity is low, high response speed simultaneously.
This liquid-crystal composition can be used for TN demonstration, STN demonstration, PDLC demonstration, multistable demonstration, phase modulator and camera, mobile phone camera, liquid crystal shutter 3D glasses, 3D stereo display liquid crystal crack grating, 3D stereopsis shows with fields such as varifocal liquid crystal lens (Liquid Crystal lens).
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
This liquid-crystal composition, comprising: taking the total mass of liquid-crystal composition as 100%,
The nematic liquid crystal compound 0-70% that formula I represents,
The nematic liquid crystal compound 0-50% that formula II represents,
The nematic liquid crystal compound 0-50% that formula III represents,
The nematic liquid crystal compound 0-30% that formula IV represents, and
The nematic liquid crystal compound 0-30% that formula V represents;
In this liquid-crystal composition, the nematic liquid crystal compound representing with formula I:
Wherein, R1, R2 be independently respectively C1-10 alkyl, C1-10 alkoxyl group ,-NCS ,-CN or-F, K
1, K
2be H or F independently of one another,
This compounds has extremely low viscosity, can effectively reduce the overall viscosity of mixture dispensing liquid crystal, improves response speed.
Formula I is particularly preferably following compound:
In said composition, the preferred content of formula I compound is 0-45%, and the content that more has choosing is 20%-44%.
The nematic liquid crystal compound that formula II represents:
Wherein, R3, R4 be independently respectively C1-10 alkyl, C1-10 alkoxyl group ,-NCS ,-CN or-F, K
3, K
4be H or F independently of one another, Z is-COO-,-C ≡ C-or-CH
2cH
2-;
Shown nematic liquid crystal compound has moderate degree of birefringence (0.2-0.35), relatively low rotary viscosity (100-200mPa.S) and relatively low transformation temperature (50-100 degree), also there is certain Δ ε value (3-15) simultaneously,, can reduce starting voltage.
The compound of II formula representative is preferably following compound:
The preferred massfraction of formula II compound is 0-45%, and preferred content is 23%-40%.
The nematic liquid crystal compound that formula III represents:
Wherein R5, R6 be independently respectively C1-10 alkyl, C1-10 alkoxyl group ,-NCS ,-CN or-F, K
5, K
6, K
7, K
8, K
9, K
10be H or F independently of one another,
III compounds, compared with biphenyl acetylene compound, has higher clearing point, has larger degree of birefringence Δ n simultaneously, can effectively improve the Δ n of mixed liquid crystal composition, thereby it is thick to reduce the box of liquid crystal cell, improves response speed.
The compound of formula III representative is preferably following compound:
The content of formula III compound is particularly preferably 0-35%, and the content that more has choosing is 19%-39%.
The nematic liquid crystal compound that formula IV represents:
Wherein R7, R8 be independently respectively C1-10 alkyl, C1-10 alkoxyl group ,-NCS ,-CN or-F, K
11, K
12, K
13, K
14, K
15, K
16be H or F independently of one another,
Be respectively-COO-of X, Y ,-C ≡ C-or-CH
2cH
2-.
This compounds has moderate degree of birefringence, moderate clearing point, moderate starting voltage, especially the more important thing is relatively high elastic constant K11, can effectively reduce liquid-crystal composition viscoelastic coefficient, shortens the time of response.
The compound of IV representative is particularly preferably as follows:
The content of formula IV compound is particularly preferably 0-5%, and preferred content is 0%-2%.
The nematic liquid crystal compound that formula V represents:
Wherein R9, R10 be independently respectively C1-10 alkyl, C1-10 alkoxyl group ,-NCS ,-CN or-F, K
17, K
18be H or F independently of one another,
This compounds has extremely low rotary viscosity, and degree of birefringence can be too not low, joins in mixed liquid crystal system, can greatly reduce the viscoelastic coefficient ratio of system, improves the time of response.
The compound of formula V representative is particularly preferably as follows:
The content of formula V compound is particularly preferably 0-10%, and preferred content is 0%-5%.
In addition, follow according to needs and can contain optically active substance compound, wherein, the mass ratio of the nematic phase liquid crystal composition that need state and described optically active substance compound is 100: 0.01-100: 5.0, and be particularly preferably 100: 0.01-100: 2.0 with selecting.
Above-mentioned optically active substance mainly includes but are not limited to following several material: CB15, R/S-811, R/S-1011 etc.
Liquid-crystal composition of the present invention can adopt ordinary method that two or more liquid crystalline cpds are mixed and produced.As the method preparation that at high temperature mixes different compounds and dissolve each other.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the situation that is different from prior art, nematic liquid crystal composition of the present invention is by changing the moiety of this nematic liquid crystal composition and the massfraction of each composition, and obtain larger degree of birefringence and lower rotary viscosity, can reduce the box of device thick and improve response speed.
Nematic phase nematic liquid crystal composition of the present invention also meets nematic low starting voltage, high, the nematic lower limit temperature of ceiling temperature is low, rotary viscosity is low, high response speed, optical anisotropy is large, dielectric anisotropy is large, high to ultraviolet stability, at least one characteristic in the characteristics such as hot stability height.Nematic phase nematic liquid crystal composition of the present invention has the feature of the relevant suitable balance of at least two specific characters.
Embodiment
Be embodiments of the invention below, by embodiment and in conjunction with specification sheets of the present invention, can be expressly understood the present invention, but scope of the present invention be not limited to these embodiment.
For the ease of expressing, in following embodiment, the listed coded representation of table 1 for the unit structure of liquid crystalline cpd:
The unit structure code of table 1 liquid crystalline cpd
Taking the compound of following structural formula as example:
This structural formula, as represented by code listed in Table 1, can be expressed as: nCPTWNCS.N in code represents the C atomicity of left end alkyl, and for example n is 3, represents that this alkyl is-C
3h
7; C in code represents cyclohexyl; P in code represents phenylene; W in code represents 3,5-difluoro phenylene; NCS in code represents isothiocyano-NCS.
Need in an embodiment the related physical performance perameter code name and the testing conditions that detect to be listed below:
Embodiment 1:
The nematic liquid crystal composition of embodiment 1 is made up of following compound, wherein percentage ratio representation quality mark:
The nematic liquid crystal composition performance perameter table of this embodiment 1
Tni: | 85℃ |
Tcn: | -20℃ |
ε∥ | 20.28 |
ε⊥ | 5.11 |
Δε: | 15.17 |
Δn: | 0.378 |
K11: | 9.82 |
K33: | 19.0 |
γ1: | 104mpa.s |
γ1/K11: | 10.59 |
Vth: | 0.77V |
Use the liquid crystal lens grating of this liquid-crystal composition, its time of response T=540ms, corresponding liquid crystal lens focal distance f=1.02mm; And use existing liquid crystal material E7 in the market, its time of response T=1210ms, corresponding liquid crystal lens focal distance f=1.85mm.Use liquid crystal material of the present invention, the time of response has promoted 55%, and focal length has reduced 45%.
Embodiment 2:
The nematic liquid crystal composition of embodiment 2 is made up of following compound, wherein percentage ratio representation quality mark:
The nematic liquid crystal composition performance perameter table of this embodiment 2
Tni: | 83℃ |
Tcn: | -20℃ |
ε∥ | 20.63 |
ε⊥ | 5.49 |
Δε: | 15.24 |
Δn: | 0.354 |
K11: | 10.7 |
K33: | 16.4 |
γ1: | 93mpa.s |
γ1/K11: | 8.87 |
Vth: | 0.72V |
Use the liquid crystal lens grating of this liquid-crystal composition, its time of response T=500ms, corresponding liquid crystal lens focal distance f=1.08mm; And use existing liquid crystal material E7 in the market, its time of response T=1210ms, corresponding liquid crystal lens focal distance f=1.85mm.Use liquid crystal material of the present invention, the time of response has promoted 59%, and focal length has reduced 42%.
Embodiment 3:
The nematic liquid crystal composition of embodiment 3 is made up of following compound, wherein percentage ratio representation quality mark:
The nematic liquid crystal composition performance perameter table of this embodiment 3
Tni: | 95℃ |
Tcn: | -15℃ |
ε∥ | 21.29 |
ε⊥ | 6.19 |
Δε: | 15.2 |
Δn: | 0.347 |
K11: | 10.4 |
K33: | 19 |
γ1: | 113mpa.s |
γ1/K11: | 10.86 |
Vth: | 0.63V |
Use the liquid crystal lens grating of this liquid-crystal composition, its time of response T=605ms, corresponding liquid crystal lens focal distance f=1.10mm; And use existing liquid crystal material E7 in the market, its time of response T=1210ms, corresponding liquid crystal lens focal distance f=1.85mm.Use liquid crystal material of the present invention, the time of response has promoted 50%, and focal length has reduced 41%.
Embodiment 4:
The nematic liquid crystal composition of embodiment 4 is made up of following compound, wherein percentage ratio representation quality mark:
The nematic liquid crystal composition performance perameter table of this embodiment 4
Tni: | 90℃ |
Tcn: | -20℃ |
ε∥ | 21.21 |
ε⊥ | 4.65 |
Δε: | 116.56 |
Δn: | 0.387 |
K11: | 11.4 |
K33: | 18.8 |
γ1: | 111mpa.s |
γ1/K11: | 10.61 |
Vth: | 0.76V |
Use the liquid crystal lens grating of this liquid-crystal composition, its time of response T=598ms, corresponding liquid crystal lens focal distance f=1.01mm; And use existing liquid crystal material E7 in the market, its time of response T=1210ms, corresponding liquid crystal lens focal distance f=1.85mm.Use liquid crystal material of the present invention, the time of response has promoted 51%, and focal length has reduced 45%.
Embodiment 5:
The nematic liquid crystal composition of embodiment 5 is made up of following compound, wherein percentage ratio representation quality mark:
The nematic liquid crystal composition performance perameter table of embodiment 5
Tni: | 78℃ |
Tcn: | -20℃ |
ε∥ | 19.78 |
ε⊥ | 4.72 |
Δε: | 15.06 |
Δn: | 0.337 |
K11: | 10.9 |
K33: | 17.8 |
γ1: | 101mpa.s |
γ1/K11: | 9.26 |
Vth: | 0.76V |
Use the liquid crystal lens grating of this liquid-crystal composition, its time of response T=540ms, corresponding liquid crystal lens focal distance f=1.15mm; And use existing liquid crystal material E7 in the market, its time of response T=1210ms, corresponding liquid crystal lens focal distance f=1.85mm.Use liquid crystal material of the present invention, the time of response has promoted 55%, and focal length has reduced 38%.
Embodiment 6:
The nematic liquid crystal composition of embodiment 6 is made up of following compound, wherein percentage ratio representation quality mark:
The nematic liquid crystal composition performance perameter table of this embodiment 6
Tni: | 85℃ |
Tcn: | -20℃ |
ε∥ | 20.87 |
ε⊥ | 4.83 |
Δε: | 16.14 |
Δn: | 0.371 |
K11: | 11.1 |
K33: | 19.8 |
γ1: | 75mpa.s |
γ1/K11: | 6.75 |
Vth: | 0.81V |
Use the liquid crystal lens grating of this liquid-crystal composition, its time of response T=470ms, corresponding liquid crystal lens focal distance f=1.02mm; And use existing liquid crystal material E7 in the market, its time of response T=1210ms, corresponding liquid crystal lens focal distance f=1.85mm.Use liquid crystal material of the present invention, the time of response has promoted 61%, and focal length has reduced 45%.
Embodiment 7:
The nematic liquid crystal composition of embodiment 7 is made up of following compound, wherein percentage ratio representation quality mark:
The nematic liquid crystal composition performance perameter table of this embodiment 7
Tni: | 90℃ |
Tcn: | -20℃ |
ε∥ | 24.91 |
ε⊥ | 5.12 |
Δε: | 19.79 |
Δn: | 0.415 |
K11: | 11.9 |
K33: | 21.7 |
γ1: | 86mpa.s |
γ1/K11: | 7.22 |
Vth: | 0.76V |
Use the liquid crystal lens grating of this liquid-crystal composition, its time of response T=485ms, corresponding liquid crystal lens focal distance f=0.85mm; And use existing liquid crystal material E7 in the market, its time of response T=1210ms, corresponding liquid crystal lens focal distance f=1.85mm.Use liquid crystal material of the present invention, the time of response has promoted 60%, and focal length has reduced 54%.
Separately, to above-mentioned seven embodiment, can add according to actual needs optically active substance compound as VI compounds, its content is the 0-5% of this nematic liquid crystal composition massfraction, particularly preferably 0-1%, above-mentioned optically active substance mainly includes but are not limited to following several chiral additives: as CB15, R-811, S-811, R-1011, S-1011 etc.
In embodiments of the invention 1-7, degree of birefringence Δ n is respectively 0.337,0.347,0.354,0.371,0.378,0.387 and 0.415, all belong to larger degree of birefringence, and itself there is the feature that chemical stability is high, light stability is high, except meeting above-mentioned requirements, also there is following beneficial effect:
1, starting voltage be 0.63V between 0.81V, meet low starting voltage; Tcn is-20 DEG C--15 DEG C, Tni is between 78-112 DEG C, and nematic phase ceiling temperature is high, lower limit temperature is low, lower to temperature dependency;
2, rotary viscosity γ 1 is respectively 75mpa.s, 86mpa.s, 93mpa.s, 101mpa.s, 104mpa.s, 111mpa.s and 113mpa.s, all belongs to lower rotary viscosity;
3, prior, embodiments of the invention 1-7 has very low viscoelastic coefficient ratio, and all below 11, and viscoelastic coefficient is to affect time of response very important factor;
Liquid-crystal composition of the present invention is by changing the moiety of this nematic liquid crystal composition and the massfraction of each composition, thereby reduce and obtain larger degree of birefringence one-tenth-value thickness 1/10, the increase response speed that nematic LCD box is thick, make liquid crystal display product move towards lightening.
In sum, liquid-crystal composition of the present invention also has that the low starting voltage of nematic phase, high, the nematic lower limit temperature of ceiling temperature are low, the characteristic such as rotary viscosity is low, high response speed.
The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention; not thereby limit the scope of the claims of the present invention; every equivalent structure or conversion of equivalent flow process that utilizes specification sheets of the present invention and accompanying drawing content to do; or be directly or indirectly used in other relevant technical fields, be all in like manner included in scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (4)
be 7%,
Or,
be 2%,
be 5%;
Or,
be 10%,
be 9%,
Or,
be 5%,
be 4.5%,
be 5%,
be 3%,
be 4.5%,
Or,
be 5%,
Or,
be 8%,
Or,
be 1.5%,
be 12.5%,
be 13.5%,
be 11%,
2. liquid-crystal composition according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising optically active substance compound.
3. the application of arbitrary described liquid-crystal composition in the varifocal liquid crystal lens of preparation in claim 1-2.
4. a kind of liquid-crystal display that utilizes arbitrary described liquid-crystal composition in claim 1-2 and prepare.
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JP2002294237A (en) * | 2001-03-29 | 2002-10-09 | Dainippon Ink & Chem Inc | Nematic liquid crystal composition and liquid crystal display element obtained using the same |
CN102154017A (en) * | 2011-02-14 | 2011-08-17 | 深圳超多维光电子有限公司 | Nematic liquid crystal composition |
CN102352260A (en) * | 2011-07-28 | 2012-02-15 | 深圳超多维光电子有限公司 | Liquid crystal composition and liquid crystal lens |
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