Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of brick of doing exercises, the inexpensive high-quality of the described brick of doing exercises, intensity, hardness unification.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme:
A kind of brick of doing exercises, the described brick of doing exercises is prepared from by following weight part material: 8 ~ 10 parts of plaster stone, 5 ~ 7 parts, sandstone, 1.5 ~ 2.4 parts of grass kind plant raw materials, 0.1 ~ 0.2 part of ammonium sulphite, 3 ~ 5 parts of phosphorus slag powder.
Described grass kind plant comprises straw or wheat straw waste.
Current China can produce a large amount of straw-stalk type cultural rubbish during the autumn harvest of rural area, and quite a few rural area still adopts burning to wait extremely original mode to process at present, and this has polluted environment greatly.And straw plants is rich in a large amount of Mierocrystalline celluloses, and it can strengthen the toughness of gypsum brick.
Phosphorus slag powder of the present invention is when using electric furnace process manufacture-yellow phosphorus, resulting melts take Calucium Silicate powder as main component, the powder body material of grinding gained after the quenching granulating.
The described brick preparation method that does exercises comprises the steps:
(1) get the grass kind plant raw material, pulverize, cross 60 mesh sieves, add the water of 3 times of ammonium sulphite and grass kind plant raw material weights, 80 ~ 100 ℃ of lower boilings 2 ~ 3 hours;
By boiling, can extract the Mierocrystalline cellulose of stalk.
(2) get 80% of plaster stone total amount, mix with grass kind plant raw material after boiling, add sandstone, then add the phosphorus slag powder of phosphorus slag powder total amount 75%, mix, add the make a living water of 2 ~ 3 times of gypsum weight of weight, mixing, wet feed processed;
, the sandstone that human body skin is damaged can be wrapped up wherein sandstone and plaster stone mixing granulation by first.
If directly plaster stone and sandstone are mixed, the preparation wet feed, the particle that makes can be very loose, and easily ftracture in roasting.The present invention finds vegetable fibre is sneaked in particle through a large amount of experimental studies, can greatly strengthen the combination of material, and can obtain the better particle of homogeneity after roasting.
(3) wet feed that step (2) obtained is granulated, and crosses 100 mesh sieves, obtains wet grain, under 1 ~ 1.2MPa steam, and 80 ~ 90 ℃ of lower pre-treatment 2 ~ 3 hours, then under 1.0 ~ 1.4MPa steam, 500 ~ 700 ℃ of roastings 8 ~ 10 hours, whole grain obtains dry granular;
Through high-temperature roasting, vegetable fibre is by carbocyclic ring, can form small hole in particle, and due to after step (1) is with the plant material boiling, formation plant material slurry, that can mix in the mixing of step (2) is more even, thereby makes vegetable fibre be scattered in very uniformly in wet grain.What formed hole also distributed after the vegetable fibre carbonization like this is more even, thereby not only makes gypsum brick density reduce, and reduces the infringement to human body, and gypsum brick overall performance homogeneous, also has simultaneously good intensity.
(4) dry granular that obtains is added remaining plaster stone, mix, add remaining phosphorus slag powder, mix, add the water of 0.8 ~ 1 times of dry granular, stir, put into adobe compression moulding, 800 ~ 900 ℃ of lower roastings 6 ~ 8 hours, then 500 ~ 600 ℃ of lower roastings 2 ~ 3 hours, make the described brick of doing exercises.
By sandstone and plaster stone are granulated in advance, then add residue plaster stone and particle to suppress, can obtain the gypsum brick of integral hardness homogeneous.
According to the foregoing brick of doing exercises, the described brick of doing exercises is prepared from by following weight part material: 9 parts of plaster stone, 6 parts, sandstone, 2 parts of grass kind plant raw materials, 2 parts of grass kind plant raw materials, 0.15 part of ammonium sulphite, 4 parts of phosphorus slag powder.
According to the foregoing brick of doing exercises, the described brick preparation method that does exercises comprises the steps:
(1) get the grass kind plant raw material, pulverize, cross 60 mesh sieves, add the water of 3 times of ammonium sulphite and grass kind plant raw material weights, 90 ℃ of lower boilings 2.5 hours;
(2) get 80% of plaster stone total amount, mix with grass kind plant raw material after boiling, add sandstone, then add the phosphorus slag powder of phosphorus slag powder total amount 75%, mix, add the make a living water of 2 ~ 3 times of gypsum weight of weight, mixing, wet feed processed;
(3) wet feed that step (2) obtained is granulated, and crosses 100 mesh sieves, obtains wet grain, under 1.1MPa steam, and 85 ℃ of lower pre-treatment 2.5 hours, then under 1.2MPa steam, 600 ℃ of roastings 9 hours, whole grain obtains dry granular;
(4) dry granular that obtains is added remaining plaster stone, mix, add remaining phosphorus slag powder, mix, add the water of 0.9 times of dry granular, stir, put into adobe compression moulding, 850 ℃ of lower roastings 7 hours, then 550 ℃ of lower roastings 2.5 hours, make the described brick of doing exercises.
According to the foregoing brick of doing exercises, described pre-treatment is for to carry out under the 80kHz ultrasonic wave.
Unexpected intensity and the homogeneity of finding can increase substantially gypsum brick under ultrasonication of the present invention, its former carrying on as before under study for action, initial analysis may be to have affected Intermolecular Forces under supersound process, thereby makes it in conjunction with tightr.Make simultaneously the granule interior material homogeneous more that distributes.
The present invention is preparation-obtained does exercises that brick intensity is high, good toughness, is difficult for injured skin.
Embodiment
Below with embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is further described; to help the advantage to technical scheme of the present invention; effect has further to be understood, and embodiment does not limit protection scope of the present invention, and protection scope of the present invention is decided by claim.
Embodiment 1
A kind of brick of doing exercises is prepared from by following weight part material: 9 parts of plaster stone, 6 parts, sandstone, 2 parts of grass kind plant raw materials, 0.15 part of ammonium sulphite, 4 parts of phosphorus slag powder.The described brick preparation method that does exercises comprises the steps:
(1) get the grass kind plant raw material, pulverize, cross 60 mesh sieves, add the water of 3 times of ammonium sulphite and grass kind plant raw material weights, 90 ℃ of lower boilings 2.5 hours;
(2) get 80% of plaster stone total amount, mix with grass kind plant raw material after boiling, add sandstone, then add the phosphorus slag powder of phosphorus slag powder total amount 75%, mix, add the make a living water of 2 ~ 3 times of gypsum weight of weight, mixing, wet feed processed;
(3) wet feed that step (2) is obtained is granulated, and crosses 100 mesh sieves, obtains wet grain, under 1.1MPa steam, 85 ℃ of lower pre-treatment 2.5 hours, described pre-treatment be for to carry out under the 80kHz ultrasonic wave, then under 1.2MPa steam, 600 ℃ of roastings 9 hours, whole grain obtains dry granular;
(4) dry granular that obtains is added remaining plaster stone, mix, add remaining phosphorus slag powder, mix, add the water of 0.9 times of dry granular, stir, put into adobe compression moulding, 850 ℃ of lower roastings 7 hours, then 550 ℃ of lower roastings 2.5 hours, make the described brick of doing exercises.
Embodiment 2
A kind of brick of doing exercises is prepared from by following weight part material: 9 parts of plaster stone, 6 parts, sandstone, 2 parts of grass kind plant raw materials, 0.15 part of ammonium sulphite, 4 parts of phosphorus slag powder.The described brick preparation method that does exercises comprises the steps:
(1) get the grass kind plant raw material, pulverize, cross 60 mesh sieves, add the water of 3 times of ammonium sulphite and grass kind plant raw material weights, 90 ℃ of lower boilings 2.5 hours;
(2) get 80% of plaster stone total amount, mix with grass kind plant raw material after boiling, add sandstone, then add the phosphorus slag powder of phosphorus slag powder total amount 75%, mix, add the make a living water of 2 ~ 3 times of gypsum weight of weight, mixing, wet feed processed;
(3) wet feed that step (2) obtained is granulated, and crosses 100 mesh sieves, obtains wet grain, under 1.1MPa steam, and 85 ℃ of lower pre-treatment 2.5 hours, then under 1.2MPa steam, 600 ℃ of roastings 9 hours, whole grain obtains dry granular;
(4) dry granular that obtains is added remaining plaster stone, mix, add remaining phosphorus slag powder, mix, add the water of 0.9 times of dry granular, stir, put into adobe compression moulding, 850 ℃ of lower roastings 7 hours, then 550 ℃ of lower roastings 2.5 hours, make the described brick of doing exercises.
Embodiment 3
A kind of brick of doing exercises is prepared from by following weight part material: 8 parts of plaster stone, 7 parts, sandstone, 1.5 parts of grass kind plant raw materials, 0.1 part of ammonium sulphite, 5 parts of phosphorus slag powder.The described brick preparation method that does exercises comprises the steps:
(1) get the grass kind plant raw material, pulverize, cross 60 mesh sieves, add the water of 3 times of ammonium sulphite and grass kind plant raw material weights, 90 ℃ of lower boilings 2.5 hours;
(2) get 80% of plaster stone total amount, mix with grass kind plant raw material after boiling, add sandstone, then add the phosphorus slag powder of phosphorus slag powder total amount 75%, mix, add the make a living water of 2 ~ 3 times of gypsum weight of weight, mixing, wet feed processed;
(3) wet feed that step (2) is obtained is granulated, and crosses 100 mesh sieves, obtains wet grain, under 1.1MPa steam, 85 ℃ of lower pre-treatment 2.5 hours, described pre-treatment be for to carry out under the 80kHz ultrasonic wave, then under 1.2MPa steam, 600 ℃ of roastings 9 hours, whole grain obtains dry granular;
(4) dry granular that obtains is added remaining plaster stone, mix, add remaining phosphorus slag powder, mix, add the water of 0.9 times of dry granular, stir, put into adobe compression moulding, 850 ℃ of lower roastings 7 hours, then 550 ℃ of lower roastings 2.5 hours, make the described brick of doing exercises.
Embodiment 4
A kind of brick of doing exercises is prepared from by following weight part material: 10 parts of plaster stone, 5 parts, sandstone, 2.4 parts of grass kind plant raw materials, 0.2 part of ammonium sulphite, 3 parts of phosphorus slag powder.The described brick preparation method that does exercises comprises the steps:
(1) get the grass kind plant raw material, pulverize, cross 60 mesh sieves, add the water of 3 times of ammonium sulphite and grass kind plant raw material weights, 90 ℃ of lower boilings 2.5 hours;
(2) get 80% of plaster stone total amount, mix with grass kind plant raw material after boiling, add sandstone, then add the phosphorus slag powder of phosphorus slag powder total amount 75%, mix, add the make a living water of 2 ~ 3 times of gypsum weight of weight, mixing, wet feed processed;
(3) wet feed that step (2) is obtained is granulated, and crosses 100 mesh sieves, obtains wet grain, under 1.1MPa steam, 85 ℃ of lower pre-treatment 2.5 hours, described pre-treatment be for to carry out under the 80kHz ultrasonic wave, then under 1.2MPa steam, 600 ℃ of roastings 9 hours, whole grain obtains dry granular;
(4) dry granular that obtains is added remaining plaster stone, mix, add remaining phosphorus slag powder, mix, add the water of 0.9 times of dry granular, stir, put into adobe compression moulding, 850 ℃ of lower roastings 7 hours, then 550 ℃ of lower roastings 2.5 hours, make the described brick of doing exercises.
Embodiment 5
A kind of brick of doing exercises is prepared from by following weight part material: 8 parts of plaster stone, 6 parts, sandstone, 2 parts of grass kind plant raw materials, 0.1 part of ammonium sulphite, 4 parts of phosphorus slag powder.The described brick preparation method that does exercises comprises the steps:
(1) get the grass kind plant raw material, pulverize, cross 60 mesh sieves, add the water of 3 times of ammonium sulphite and grass kind plant raw material weights, 80 ℃ of lower boilings 2 hours;
(2) get 80% of plaster stone total amount, mix with grass kind plant raw material after boiling, add sandstone, then add the phosphorus slag powder of phosphorus slag powder total amount 75%, mix, add the make a living water of 2 ~ 3 times of gypsum weight of weight, mixing, wet feed processed;
(3) wet feed that step (2) is obtained is granulated, and crosses 100 mesh sieves, obtains wet grain, under 1.2MPa steam, 80 ℃ of lower pre-treatment 3 hours, described pre-treatment be for to carry out under the 80kHz ultrasonic wave, then under 1.4MPa steam, 700 ℃ of roastings 10 hours, whole grain obtains dry granular;
(4) dry granular that obtains is added remaining plaster stone, mix, add remaining phosphorus slag powder, mix, add the water of 0.8 times of dry granular, stir, put into adobe compression moulding, 800 ℃ of lower roastings 8 hours, then 500 ℃ of lower roastings 3 hours, make the described brick of doing exercises.
Embodiment 6
A kind of brick of doing exercises is prepared from by following weight part material: 9 parts of plaster stone, 5 parts, sandstone, 2 parts of grass kind plant raw materials, 0.2 part of ammonium sulphite, 5 parts of phosphorus slag powder.The described brick preparation method that does exercises comprises the steps:
(1) get the grass kind plant raw material, pulverize, cross 60 mesh sieves, add the water of 3 times of ammonium sulphite and grass kind plant raw material weights, 100 ℃ of lower boilings 3 hours;
(2) get 80% of plaster stone total amount, mix with grass kind plant raw material after boiling, add sandstone, then add the phosphorus slag powder of phosphorus slag powder total amount 75%, mix, add the make a living water of 2 ~ 3 times of gypsum weight of weight, mixing, wet feed processed;
(3) wet feed that step (2) is obtained is granulated, and crosses 100 mesh sieves, obtains wet grain, under 1.0MPa steam, 90 ℃ of lower pre-treatment 2 hours, described pre-treatment be for to carry out under the 80kHz ultrasonic wave, then under 1.0MPa steam, 500 ℃ of roastings 8 hours, whole grain obtains dry granular;
(4) dry granular that obtains is added remaining plaster stone, mix, add remaining phosphorus slag powder, mix, add the water of 1 times of dry granular, stir, put into adobe compression moulding, 900 ℃ of lower roastings 6 hours, then 600 ℃ of lower roastings 2 hours, make the described brick of doing exercises.
The present invention also provides following test example, so that technical solution of the present invention is described further:
Test example 1
This test example has been investigated intensity and the toughness of the brick of doing exercises of the present invention:
The detection method of ultimate compression strength with reference to " Test methods for wall bricks " (GB/T2542-92) is specially: sample is cut off two bats, and the bat length of disconnection must not be less than 100mm.On the platform of preparation sample, after soaking 10-20min, takes out the water purification that the bat that has disconnected is put into room temperature, and stack with the fracture reverse direction, smear in the middle of both and be no more than 32.5 grades of 5mm or 42.5 grades of ordinary Portland cements with thickness and be modulated into the suitable grout bonding of denseness.It is floating that upper and lower surface thickness is no more than the cement paste of the same race of 3mm.The test specimen upper and lower surface of making must be parallel to each other, and perpendicular to the side.With the test specimen of wiping one's face of making, be placed in the stuffy indoor maintenance 3d lower than 10 ℃, then test, test specimen is first measured the length and width size two of each test specimen load face and joint face before pressurized, average respectively, is accurate to 1mm.Test specimen is lain in the central authorities of trier increased pressure board, perpendicular to the ground loading of load face uniform and stable, must not occur to impact or vibration, loading speed should be controlled at (5 ± 0.5) kN/s, until till test specimen destruction, record the maximal destruction load, can obtain ultimate compression strength by calculating.
The detection method of folding strength with reference to " Test methods for wall bricks " (GB/T2542-92) is specially: the loading form of folding strength test is 3 loadings, and on it, radius-of-curvature of pressure roller and a lower rod is 15mm, and a lower rod should have hinged fixing.Folding strength test is tested in 24-36h after maintenance finishes, and before the folding strength test, should measure in accordance with regulations the width of sample and height dimension 2, gets respectively its mean value, is accurate to 1mm.Width should be measured at the place in the middle of two large faces of brick, and height should be measured at the place in the middle of two bar faces.When the measured place has when damaged or outstanding, can be convenient for measuring at it, but should select a disadvantageous side, the spacing specification length of adjusting two rods under bend-proof clamp deduct 40mm.The large face of sample is lain on rod, and sample two ends to the distance of a lower rod should be identical, when sample has the crack or caves in, should make facing down greatly of crackle or depression, with the speed continuous load of 50-150N/s, until sample fracture, record failing load, and then calculate folding strength.
The detection method of density: the cleaning sample surfaces, and write numbering, and then sample is placed in 105-110 ℃ of air dry oven and is dried to constant weight, and check the outward appearance situation, the destructions such as truncation, arrisdefect must not be arranged.Then measure individual two of length size, ask respectively its mean value, can calculate density.
Table 1, gypsum brick parameter of the present invention
? |
Embodiment 1 |
Embodiment 2 |
Embodiment 3 |
Embodiment 5 |
Ultimate compression strength MPa |
18.7 |
15.1 |
17.2 |
16.8 |
Folding strength MPa |
8.6 |
6.1 |
7.5 |
7.2 |
Get the gypsum brick of embodiment 1 preparation, cutting length in random getting is the identical long piece of 20cm, thickness and width, detects intensity and the density of five long (A piece, B piece, C piece, D piece, E piece), and result is as follows:
Table 2, gypsum brick different sites parameter
? |
The A piece |
The B piece |
The C piece |
The D piece |
The E piece |
Compression strength MPa |
18.721 |
18.722 |
18.724 |
18.725 |
18.722 |
Rupture strength MPa |
8.630 |
8.635 |
8.632 |
8.637 |
8.633 |
Density (g/cm
3)
|
1.380 |
1.378 |
1.381 |
1.377 |
1.378 |