CN102658307A - Woven alloy lead cellosilk of nuclear radiation shielding product material and production method thereof - Google Patents
Woven alloy lead cellosilk of nuclear radiation shielding product material and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102658307A CN102658307A CN2012101556788A CN201210155678A CN102658307A CN 102658307 A CN102658307 A CN 102658307A CN 2012101556788 A CN2012101556788 A CN 2012101556788A CN 201210155678 A CN201210155678 A CN 201210155678A CN 102658307 A CN102658307 A CN 102658307A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a woven alloy lead cellosilk of a nuclear radiation shielding product material and a production method thereof, and relates to the technical field of nuclear radiation protection biological shielding. In a lead alloy material refining process, a temperature is regulated and controlled in the whole course, a proper number of beneficial trace alloy formula elements are added in good time, then copper is removed by cooling, eluting, refining and sulphurating, arsenic, tin and antimony are removed by alkalifying and refining, silver is removed by zincifying and refining, zinc is removed by alkalifying and refining, bismuth is removed by adding calcium and magnesium and refining, and selenium and tellurium are added and refined to restrain the deleterious effects of bismuth and improve corrosion resistance, bismuth is removed by electro-refining, tungsten and rhenium are added and refined to enhance the toughness, the tension strength and the like of alloy lead.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to nuclear radiation protection biological shielding technical field.
Background technology
Research shows; The external exposure line of nuclear power station is mainly gamma-rays, and it is mainly from the fission product of nuclear reaction with by the pipeline of neutron activation and valve, because the appearance of activation corrosion product in the pipeline; Cause the deposition of radioactive particulate in the pipeline; Make control zone a lot of upkeep operation site surrounding dosage higher, increased staff's external irradiation dose, general employing shielding is removed.Therefore, on shielding material is selected, make every effort to highly effective and safe, inexpensive and save the space, select steel, lead, normal concrete and loaded concrete etc. usually.The intensity of steel is better, but price is higher; Concrete is more cheap than heavy metal, but density is little, and shielding thickness is big; Plumbous advantage is that density is high, fusing point is low, anti-corrosion, gamma-rays is had good adsorption property and is difficult for by through characteristic, is easy to cast and shielding thickness is less relatively, so lead is first-selected shielding material.
At present; China is at the nuclear power station of operation; The shielding goods (plumbous clothing or lead shield) that control zone biological shielding system adopts mainly are: " the no gap solid metal block shape stereotype " of roll forming, this metal stereotype exist that lead equivalent is low, conformal performance can be poor, the generation waste material is many, resource utilization is not high; Product is heavy, and it is big to cause shielding operation labor intensity, and staff's exposure time is long, dosage is big; Be prone to cause heat-insulation layer distortion, tenesmus, the control zone roentgen dose X increases, and safety coefficient is low, and potential risk is big; Be not suitable for special-shaped equipment such as pipeline, valve and personnel's shielding; And be difficult for decontamination, drawback such as service life is short.Therefore, stereotype shielding goods are difficult to compatibility, sustainable development of incompatibility nuclear industry and the needs that people-oriented on shield effectiveness and structure function.
Anti-nuclear radiation biological shielding goods also must possess good physical and mechanical property (obdurability, heat endurance etc.) except that will having higher shield effectiveness.It is reported that current, the material and the goods that are used for anti-nuclear radiation biological shielding mainly contain following four types.One type is that to use lead with general industry be main, the no gap metal derby shape stereotype of roll extrusion or moulding by casting, lead brick, sheet lead concrete etc.; Second type is to be main with lead powder, and rubber, polyethylene foam etc. are as the coating of the mixed flexible article that is composited of base-material, adhesive etc.; The 3rd type be with no gap metal derby shape sheet lead as inner core, ectonexine coats crosslinked foaming material and synthetic rubber polyamide fibre material product; The 4th type is to make light-weight high-strength materials such as cenosphere with heavy metals such as lead.Facts have proved that although stereotype, the anti-nuclear radiation effect of sheet lead goods are preferable, use amount is big when building shielding harness, it is big to build difficulty, inefficiency, and it is many to produce waste material, and potential risk is big; And stereotype goods conformal performance is poor, can not bend, and is not suitable for the shielding of special type equipment such as pipeline, valve, and careless manipulation is prone to drop and hurts sb.'s feelings or damage equipment.And mixed goods, coating and the adhesive that is composited of lead powder and rubber, polyethylene foam-material; Though have certain flexibility,, be difficult in base-material evenly mixed because the lead powder particle is prone to gather; So shielding properties is inhomogeneous; And lead equivalent is low, rubber and polyethylene etc. are prone to agingly, influences shield effectiveness, brings by the danger of radiation to the staff.The cenosphere light-weight high-strength material that heavy metals such as lead are made, though anti-nuclear radiation performance is excellent, cost is high, cost is big, generally is used for the anti-nuclear radiation of nuclear rocket engine and leaks.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to propose the production method that the woven alloy lead fiber silk of nuclear radiation shield product material of material, effective finished product was further processed gently, approaches, economized to a kind of convenience.
The inventive method may further comprise the steps:
1) melting: will be warming up to boiling point;
2) add the sulphur copper removal: the liquation that step 1) is obtained is cooled to 450 ℃～800 ℃, adds the sulphur that accounts for base-bullion gross mass 2%, refining 30～50 minutes again; Make the copper material dissolved, reduce the content of the copper in the alloy lead.
3) adding alkali boiling arsenic removal, tin and antimony: with step 2) liquation obtained is warming up to 1600～1800 ℃, adds the alkali that accounts for base-bullion gross mass 10%, refining 60～80 minutes; Materials such as arsenic, tin, antimony are folded, reduce the content of arsenic, tin, antimony in the alloy lead.
4) add the zinc refining desilver: the liquation that step 3) is obtained adds the zinc that accounts for base-bullion gross mass 0.5%, refining 20～30 minutes after being cooled to 1000～1700 ℃ temperature; Reduce the content of silver in the alloy lead.
5) adding alkali boiling dezincifies: the liquation that step 4) is obtained adds the alkali that accounts for base-bullion gross mass 2%, refining 20～30 minutes after being cooled to 350～800 ℃ temperature; Zinc is folded, reduce the content of zinc in the alloy lead.
6) adding calcium, magnesium refining removes bismuth and adds selenium, tellurium refining: after the liquation that step 5) is obtained is warming up to 1000～1700 ℃ temperature; Add the calcium that accounts for base-bullion gross mass 0.5%, the magnesium that accounts for base-bullion gross mass 0.7%; After the refining 25 minutes; Add the selenium that accounts for base-bullion gross mass 0.3%, the tellurium that accounts for base-bullion gross mass 0.1% again, refining 25 minutes; Reduce the content of bismuth in the alloy lead, suppress the illeffects of bismuth.
7) add tungsten, rhenium refining: the liquation that step 6) is obtained is warming up to 3500～5900 ℃, adds the tungsten and the rhenium that accounts for base-bullion gross mass 2.6%, refining 60 minutes that account for base-bullion gross mass 1.4%; Strengthen alloy plumbous toughness and intensity.
8) with 350 ± 5 ℃ alloy lead water injection moulding draw-wire machine, export wire drawing, cooling in moulding draw-wire machine.
It is about 98% lead bullion that industrial plumbous major part derives from leaded, wherein has a certain amount of objectionable impurities element.Facts have proved; In the anti-nuclear radiation biological shielding goods, harmful substance Bi, Sb, Sn, As, etc. constituent content too high, then plumbous equivalent is more little; Shield effectiveness is poor more, toughness, heat endurance, tension intensity, corrosion resistance, low more to performances such as gamma-rays adsorptivity and anti-puncture property.How both to have accomplished to remove or reduce the content of objectionable impurities element in the plumbous raw material, and can improve purity plumbous in the metal again, and made the lead alloy material physical property satisfy anti-nuclear radiation and Fibrotic requirement, this is an emphasis content of the present invention.
The present invention takes omnidistance temperature adjusting, adds useful microalloy prescription element in good time, in right amount in the lead alloy material extractive process, again through cooling dissolved refining with add the sulphur copper removal; Add alkali boiling arsenic removal, tin, antimony, add the zinc refining desilver and add alkali boiling and dezincify, add calcium, magnesium refining and remove bismuth and add the illeffects that selenium, tellurium refining suppress bismuth; Improve corrosion resistance; Electrorefining removes bismuth, adds tungsten, rhenium refining, strengthens plumbous toughness of alloy and tension intensity etc.Thereby the double decomposition redox reaction is carried out in order; The objectionable impurities element is effectively separated out; Realize the content overall balance of more than 20 kind of essential element in the metal composition; Wherein plumbous purity is greater than 99.995%, and the content of Bi, Sb, Sn, As is respectively less than 0.0001%, 0.00002%, 0.0001%, 0.00001%.
The prerequisite that flexible plumbous anti-nuclear radiation biological shielding goods are realized is that lead alloy material must possess stronger pliability and bigger tension intensity.Therefore, solving lead alloy material fiberization techniques and filametntary mechanical property, to satisfy the requirement of longitude and latitude knitting forming, also is emphasis content of the present invention.Mechanical behavior effect and crystal boundary moved down and improve filametntary plastic technology principle when the material crystal boundary was to military service after the violent plastic deformation of apply materials of the present invention; Adopt above shredding process; Realize the lead alloy material fibrillatable; The controlled diameter of filament is at 0.01mm～1.0mm, and tension intensity reaches 120-280Mpa, and the length of silk can form random length.
In order further to remove the bismuth in the silk.The present invention also removes bismuth with the electrolysis in electrolyte of cooled filament.
Leaded 80～120 grams per liters, HsiF80～100 grams per liters in the said electrolyte, 30～45 ℃ of electrolyte temperatures, current density 160～250 peace/rice.
The specific embodiment
One, analyzes base-bullion content
Common leaded mass percent is 98%.
Two, production stage:
1) melting: will be warming up to boiling point;
2) add the sulphur copper removal:
Be cooled to 450 ℃～800 ℃, add sulphur 0.02 kg, low-temperature refining 30～50 minutes makes the copper material dissolved, reduces the content of the copper in the alloy lead.
3) add alkali boiling arsenic removal, tin, antimony:
Plumbous liquation is warming up to 1600～1800 ℃, adds alkali 0.1 kg, refining 60～80 minutes folds materials such as arsenic, tin, antimony, reduces the content of arsenic, tin, antimony in the alloy lead.
4) add the zinc refining desilver:
Under the temperature of 1000～1700 ℃ of plumbous liquations, add zinc 0.005 kg, refining 20～30 minutes reduces content silver-colored in the alloy lead.
5) adding alkali boiling dezincifies:
Under the temperature of 350～800 ℃ of lead solutions, add alkali 0.02 kg, refining 30 minutes folds zinc, reduces the content of zinc in the alloy lead.
6) adding calcium, magnesium refining removes bismuth and adds the illeffects that selenium, tellurium refining suppress bismuth:
Under the temperature of 1000～1700 ℃ of plumbous liquations, at first add calcium 0.005 kg, magnesium 0.007 kg, refining adds selenium 0.003 kg, tellurium 0.001 kg again after 25 minutes, refining 25 minutes, the content of bismuth in the reduction alloy lead, the illeffects of inhibition bismuth.
7) add tungsten, rhenium refining:
Plumbous liquation is warming up to 3500～5900 ℃, adds tungsten 0.014 kg, rhenium 0.026 kg, refining 60 minutes strengthens alloy plumbous toughness and intensity.
8) with 350 ± 5 ℃ alloy lead water injection moulding draw-wire machine, export wire drawing, cooling in moulding draw-wire machine:
Control moulding draw-wire machine outlet temperature: 150 ℃～200 ℃, cooling water temperature: at least 0 ℃.
9) electrorefining removes bismuth:
The electrolysis in electrolyte of cooled filament is removed bismuth, leaded 80～120 grams per liters, HsiF80～100 grams per liters in the electrolyte, 30～45 ℃ of electrolyte temperatures, current density 160～250 peace/rice.
Three, the key technical indexes
1, the technical indicator of lead alloy material:
2, the filametntary technical indicator of metal:
Filament diameter: 0.01 ~ 1.0mm.
Tensile strength: 120 ~ 240Mpa.
Claims (4)
1. the production method of the woven alloy lead fiber silk of nuclear radiation shield product material is characterized in that following steps:
1) melting: will be warming up to boiling point;
2) add the sulphur copper removal: the liquation that step 1) is obtained is cooled to 450 ℃～800 ℃, adds the sulphur that accounts for base-bullion gross mass 2%, refining 30～50 minutes again;
3) adding alkali boiling arsenic removal, tin and antimony: with step 2) liquation obtained is warming up to 1600～1800 ℃, adds the alkali that accounts for base-bullion gross mass 10%, refining 60～80 minutes;
4) add the zinc refining desilver: the liquation that step 3) is obtained adds the zinc that accounts for base-bullion gross mass 0.5%, refining 20～30 minutes after being cooled to 1000～1700 ℃ temperature;
5) adding alkali boiling dezincifies: the liquation that step 4) is obtained adds the alkali that accounts for base-bullion gross mass 2%, refining 20～30 minutes after being cooled to 350～800 ℃ temperature;
6) adding calcium, magnesium refining removes bismuth and adds selenium, tellurium refining: after the liquation that step 5) is obtained is warming up to 1000～1700 ℃ temperature; Add the calcium that accounts for base-bullion gross mass 0.5%, the magnesium that accounts for base-bullion gross mass 0.7%; After the refining 25 minutes; Add the selenium that accounts for base-bullion gross mass 0.3%, the tellurium that accounts for base-bullion gross mass 0.1% again, refining 25 minutes;
7) add tungsten, rhenium refining: the liquation that step 6) is obtained is warming up to 3500～5900 ℃, adds the tungsten and the rhenium that accounts for base-bullion gross mass 2.6%, refining 60 minutes that account for base-bullion gross mass 1.4%;
8) with 350 ± 5 ℃ alloy lead water injection moulding draw-wire machine, export wire drawing, cooling in moulding draw-wire machine.
2. according to the production method of the woven alloy lead fiber silk of the said nuclear radiation shield product material of claim 2, it is characterized in that in the said step 8) moulding draw-wire machine outlet temperature: 150 ℃～200 ℃, cooling water temperature≤0 ℃.
3. according to the production method of claim 2 or the woven alloy lead fiber silk of 3 said nuclear radiation shield product materials, it is characterized in that the electrolysis in electrolyte of cooled filament is removed bismuth.
4. according to the production method of the woven alloy lead fiber silk of the said nuclear radiation shield product material of claim 4; It is characterized in that leaded 80～120 grams per liters in the said electrolyte, HsiF80～100 grams per liters; 30～45 ℃ of electrolyte temperatures, current density 160～250 peace/rice.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103774330A (en) * | 2014-01-13 | 2014-05-07 | 扬州锦江有色金属有限公司 | Nuclear radiation protection fabric |
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2012
- 2012-05-19 CN CN2012101556788A patent/CN102658307A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103774330A (en) * | 2014-01-13 | 2014-05-07 | 扬州锦江有色金属有限公司 | Nuclear radiation protection fabric |
| CN103774330B (en) * | 2014-01-13 | 2015-03-25 | 扬州锦江有色金属有限公司 | Nuclear radiation protection fabric |
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Inventor after: Yang Donghui Inventor before: Yu Fengyuan |
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Free format text: CORRECT: INVENTOR; FROM: YU FENGYUAN TO: YANG DONGHUI |
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Application publication date: 20120912 |