CN102654435A - Multifunctional high-load aerosol constant-current sampler - Google Patents
Multifunctional high-load aerosol constant-current sampler Download PDFInfo
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- CN102654435A CN102654435A CN2012101489529A CN201210148952A CN102654435A CN 102654435 A CN102654435 A CN 102654435A CN 2012101489529 A CN2012101489529 A CN 2012101489529A CN 201210148952 A CN201210148952 A CN 201210148952A CN 102654435 A CN102654435 A CN 102654435A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multifunctional high-load aerosol constant-current sampler comprising a cutter, a filter and air exhaust power, as well as a filter membrane clamp, a locking device, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, an atmospheric pressure sensor, an ambient temperature sensor, a singlechip, a printer, and a flow sensor for measuring the flow of a gas flowing through the filter, wherein the cutter is located at the front end of the filter membrane clamp; the filter membrane clamp is fixed in the filter; the locking device is fixed on a housing of the filter and is located under the filter; and a gas outlet of the filter is connected to the gas inlet of the flow sensor. The singlechip of the sampler automatically controls the rotating speed of a sucking pump so that an actual sampling flow is equal to a predetermined sampling flow, so that the purpose of constant flow sampling is realized and the sampling error is small; resources, funds and manpower are saved, and the quality of the instrument is improved; due to the locking device, the mounting and the demounting of the filter and the cutter can be carried out in a time-saving and labor-saving manner and the cutter can not be damaged easily; and the sealing effect is very good.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of sample devices, relate in particular to a kind of multi-functional high capacity gasoloid constant current sampling thief, belong to environment monitoring and disease control field.
Background technology
1, existing sampling of aerosol equipment.The sampling system of representative type comprises particle cutter, filtrator (being generally quartzy filter membrane), adsorbent, the power of bleeding, flowmeter and flow regulator.A filtrator (like materials such as quartzy filter membrane, tetrafluoroethylene, acetate, nitrocellulose filter membranes) is used for the aerosol sample of absorbed air, and gaseous material etc. are with captures such as polyurethane (PUF), XAD-2.The power of bleeding makes air pass through filtrator and adsorbent units.When gathering the SVOC sample; Gather the particulate form sample with filter membrane, with trapping gaseous samples such as PUF, XAD-2, sampling gas circuit resistance is about more than the 15KPa; The gas circuit resistance is about 10KPa when gathering the PM10 sample with quartzy filter membrane (or tetrafluoroethylene); When gathering the fluoride sample, be composed in series a filtrator with acetate-cellulose nitrate miillpore filter (aperture is about 5 μ m) interval of two impregnation of phosphoric acid hydrogen dipotassiums, the gas circuit resistance is about more than the 12KPa.Because path resistance is very big, pass through filtrator and adsorbent equipment for guaranteeing gas with certain flow, prior art is to use a vacuum pump to be the power of bleeding, and before the power of bleeding, adds a spinner-type flowmeter and flow control valve and samples.Because spinner-type flowmeter generally is a scale under 20 ℃, 101.325KPa state; And the temperature of environment during actual samples; The resistance of the filtrator before atmospheric pressure and the spinner-type flowmeter changes, and the flow that operating mode flow that causes sampling and spinner-type flowmeter are indicated is inconsistent.Correct method is that the temperature and pressure of operating mode is noted, and again the scale flow value of indicating on the spinner-type flowmeter is converted into actual operating mode flow, regulates scale indicated value to the actual condition flow value of spinner-type flowmeter then.Because the resistance of temperature, atmospheric pressure and the filtrator of environment is all changing at any time, this just requires the spot sampling personnel at any time with changing adjustment spinner-type flowmeter to actual condition flow value.This is operated in on-the-spot pretty troublesome, bothersome effort, and effect is also bad, causes sampling error big, and the site operation personnel is difficult for making clear.Because same particle cutter, the size of the aerosol sample that under different flows, is collected is different, and when departing from the sample streams value of regulation, the sample particle diameter of gathering causing departs from objectives, and loses authenticity.
2, the user is gathering TSP/PM
10/ PM
5/ PM
2.5/ PM
1During/microorganism/fluoride/aerosol samples such as SVOC/ oil smoke, need the sampling thief of many different purposes.Sampling flow as with 16.7L/min is gathered PM
10/ PM
2.5Sample, gather PM with the sampling flow of 28L/min
3.5Sample is gathered the oil smoke sample with smoke dust sampling instrument, and this just needs to buy many sampling thiefs, causes buying expenses big, and it is many to store the room of preserving, waste resource and fund and manpower, and the quality of instrument can not meet the demands.
3, existing filtrator and particle cutter are serially connected, and bothersome effort is taken off in each loading and unloading, also damage cutter easily, and sealing effectiveness is bad.
4, when gathering the SVOC sample, require material in the filtrator with stainless steel, tetrafluoroethene, the material of not adsorbed gases such as anodic oxidation aluminium.Existing filter membrane holder is made with stainless steel cloth.Be clamped on the bracing frame of aluminum around the filter screen, structurally cause filter membrane fixedly periphery and filter membrane holder end face not in one plane, cause the filter membrane sample to take off difficulty or breakage easily.
5, present PM
10The nozzle body and the shock plate of cutter are unreasonable in structural design, cause the nozzle of cutter inner nozzle body and the gas flowfield between the shock plate uneven, cause cutting efficiency not good.
Summary of the invention
To the deficiency that prior art exists, technical matters to be solved by this invention is, a kind of multi-functional high capacity gasoloid constant current sampling thief is provided, and has multinomial different purposes, when selecting different cutters for use, can gather TSP/PM respectively
10/ PM
5/ PM
3.5/ PM
2.5/ PM
1/ wait aerosol sample and gaseous samples such as particle/microbiological specimens and SVOC/ fluoride/oil smoke.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above; The technical scheme that the present invention takes is; A kind of multi-functional high capacity gasoloid constant current sampling thief; Comprise cutter, filtrator and the power of bleeding; It also comprises filter membrane clip, locking device, pressure transducer, temperature sensor, barometric pressure sensor, environment temperature sensor, single-chip microcomputer, printer, keyboard, display, the power outlet nozzle of bleeding, gas cushion, is used to measure the flow sensor through the gas flow of filtrator; Front end, filter membrane clip that cutter is positioned at filter membrane clip are fixed among the filtrator, and locking device is fixed on the shell of filtrator, and locking device is positioned at the below of filtrator; The gas outlet of filtrator and the air intake opening of flow sensor join, and are connected to pressure transducer before the flow sensor air intake opening and in the pipeline between the gas outlet of filtrator and temperature sensor all electrically connects with single-chip microcomputer; One end valve of said gas buffer is positioned at the front end of the air intake opening of the power of bleeding, and is connected with the dynamic seal of bleeding through pipeline, and other end valve is tightly connected through the gas outlet of pipeline and flow sensor; Said barometric pressure sensor, environment temperature sensor and single-chip microcomputer electrically connect; Said display, keyboard and printer electrically connect with single-chip microcomputer respectively; Said flow sensor electrically connects with bleed power and single-chip microcomputer.
Optimize, above-mentioned multi-functional high capacity gasoloid constant current sampling thief, its cutter is impact cutter or cyclone type cutter.
Optimize, above-mentioned multi-functional high capacity gasoloid constant current sampling thief is provided with nozzle body in its impact cutter; The nozzle body below is provided with shock plate; Shock plate is provided with air hole, and nozzle body structurally is installed in parallel in the coaxial cavity with shock plate, and nozzle body is provided with plurality of nozzles; The axis projection non-overlapping copies of the air hole on arbitrary nozzle and the shock plate, air hole be shaped as circle, rectangle or Long Circle.
Optimize; Above-mentioned multi-functional high capacity gasoloid constant current sampling thief; Its nozzle body is provided with the circular hole nozzle of 1～2000 same diameter, and the circular hole nozzle is evenly to distribute on the circumference in the center of circle at the longitudinal axis with nozzle body, and the diameter of circular hole nozzle is between 50 μ m and 30mm; Plural air hole is offered in the medial and lateral of the axis projection position of nozzle on shock plate on the nozzle body of said shock plate upper edge, and the area of inside and outside both sides air hole equates on the shock plate.
Optimize, above-mentioned multi-functional high capacity gasoloid constant current sampling thief has 1～2000 rectangular opening nozzle or Long Circle hole nozzle on its nozzle body, and nozzle is symmetrically distributed on nozzle body; Said shock plate is provided with plural rectangle air hole or Long Circle air hole.
Optimize, above-mentioned multi-functional high capacity gasoloid constant current sampling thief, its filtrator comprise connector, take over a business, O-ring seal, transition body, pedestal, fastening cover, base plate, guidepost, sliding sleeve; Base plate is provided with guidepost, is provided with sliding sleeve between guidepost and the pedestal, and pedestal is provided with the transition body; Be provided with filter membrane clip between pedestal and the transition body; The transition body is provided with O-ring seal, connector and the top of taking over a business to be positioned at filtrator, and fastening cover is positioned at the bottom of filtrator.
Optimize; Above-mentioned multi-functional high capacity gasoloid constant current sampling thief; Its filter membrane clip is made up of hold-down ring, bracing frame, filter membrane, filter membrane holder, is provided with the filter membrane holder in the bracing frame, and the filter membrane holder is provided with filter membrane; The filter membrane top is provided with hold-down ring, and the side of hold-down ring and bracing frame is respectively equipped with sealing gasket II and sealing gasket I.
Optimize, above-mentioned multi-functional high capacity gasoloid constant current sampling thief, its filter membrane holder is adopted stainless steel to irritate plate and is processed, and the filter membrane holder is provided with the identical aperture of some diameters.
It has following beneficial effect the present invention:
With compared with techniques in the past, the sampling flow that the rotating speed that single-chip microcomputer of the present invention is controlled aspiration pump automatically makes actual sampling flow equal to set is realized the purpose of constant current amount sampling, and sampling error is little; Practice thrift resource and fund and manpower, and improved the quality of instrument; It is time saving and energy saving through locking device the loading and unloading of filtrator and cutter to be taken off, and so just be not easy to damage cutter, and sealing effectiveness is very good; The fixedly periphery of filter membrane and the end face of filter membrane holder in one plane make things convenient for the filter membrane sample to take off; The reasonable in design of nozzle body and shock plate, the nozzle and the gas flowfield between the shock plate of cutter inner nozzle body are even, have improved cutting efficiency.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment to further explain of the present invention;
Fig. 1 is an one-piece construction synoptic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the cut-open view of filtrator of the present invention under the locking device relaxation state;
Fig. 3 is the partial enlarged drawing of filter membrane clip among Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is a filtrator of the present invention at the cut-open view of locking device under in working order;
Fig. 5 is the nozzle body structural representation of the band circular hole nozzle of embodiments of the invention 1;
Fig. 6 is the shock plate structural representation of embodiments of the invention 1;
Fig. 7 is the nozzle body structural representation of the belt length circular hole nozzle of embodiments of the invention 2;
Fig. 8 is the shock plate structural representation of embodiments of the invention 2;
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of filter membrane holder of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1; The present invention is a kind of multi-functional high capacity gasoloid constant current sampling thief; Comprise cutter 1, filtrator 5 and the power 16 of bleeding; It also comprises filter membrane clip 4, locking device 6, pressure transducer 7, temperature sensor 8, barometric pressure sensor 9, environment temperature sensor 10, single-chip microcomputer 11, printer 12, keyboard 13, display 14, the power outlet nozzle 15 of bleeding, gas cushion 17, is used to measure the flow sensor 18 through the gas flow of filtrator; Front end, filter membrane clip 4 that cutter 1 is positioned at filter membrane clip 4 are fixed among the filtrator 5; Locking device 6 is fixed on the shell of filtrator 5; Locking device 6 is positioned at the below of filtrator 5, and the air intake opening of the gas outlet of filtrator 5 and flow sensor 18 joins, and is connected to pressure transducer 7 before flow sensor 18 air intake openings and in the pipeline between the gas outlet of filtrator 5 and all electrically connects with single-chip microcomputer 11 with temperature sensor 8; One end valve of said gas buffer 17 is positioned at the front end of the air intake opening of the power 16 of bleeding, and is tightly connected through the pipeline and the power 16 of bleeding, and other end valve is tightly connected through the gas outlet of pipeline and flow sensor 18; Said barometric pressure sensor 9, environment temperature sensor 10 electrically connect with single-chip microcomputer 11, be used to measure through the gaseous tension of flow sensor and temperature and with data measured to single-chip microcomputer; Said display 14, keyboard 13 and printer 12 electrically connect with single-chip microcomputer 11 respectively; Said flow sensor 18 electrically connects with single-chip microcomputer 11 with the power 16 of bleeding.The power of bleeding can be aspiration pump, behind gas process cutter, filtrator, flow sensor, gas cushion, the power of bleeding, is drained into atmosphere.The sample that needs to gather is filtered the filter membrane collection in the device.Cutter is an impact cutter, described cutter, and its sampling flow process scope generally between (0.1-100) L/min, also can be gathered TSP/PM to satisfy with the cutter of different flow greater than 100L/min
10/ PM
5/ PM
2.5/ PM
1/ PM
3.5Deng aerosol sample.
Like Fig. 5 and shown in Figure 6; Be provided with nozzle body 2 in the impact cutter 1, nozzle body 2 belows are provided with shock plate 3, and nozzle body structurally is installed in parallel in the coaxial cavity with shock plate; Nozzle body is provided with plurality of nozzles; Shock plate 3 is provided with air hole, the axis projection non-overlapping copies of the air hole on arbitrary nozzle and the shock plate, air hole be shaped as circle, rectangle or Long Circle.According to different with the different sampling flow of nozzle body 2, can design PM with shock plate 3 structures
10/ PM
5/ PM
2.5/ PM
1Cutter Deng different-grain diameter.
As shown in Figure 5, nozzle quantity on the nozzle body 2 and diameter or area are optimal selection according to the Reynolds number of nozzle jet between (500～3000).Nozzle body 2 is provided with the circular hole nozzle of 1～2000 same diameter, and the circular hole nozzle is evenly to distribute on the circumference in the center of circle at the longitudinal axis with nozzle body, and the diameter of circular hole nozzle is between 50 μ m and 30mm, and wherein A is a round nozzle, and B is a pilot hole; As shown in Figure 6, plural air hole is offered in the medial and lateral of the axis projection position of nozzle on shock plate on the said shock plate 3 upper edge nozzle bodies, and the area of inside and outside both sides air hole equates on the shock plate; With the gas that keeps from nozzle, spraying, the gas flowfield between nozzle and shock plate end face evenly distributes, and is not partial to the air hole of inside and outside either side; C is interior air hole; 4 outer vent D, interior air hole should equate that with the area of outer vent E is a pilot hole.
Like Fig. 2 and shown in Figure 4, filtrator 5 comprises connector 19, take over a business 20, O-ring seal 21, transition body 22, pedestal 23, fastening cover 24, base plate 28, guidepost 27, sliding sleeve 26, and base plate 28 is provided with guidepost 27; Be provided with sliding sleeve 26 between guidepost 27 and the pedestal 23; Pedestal 23 is provided with transition body 22, is provided with filter membrane clip 4 between pedestal 23 and the transition body 22, and transition body 22 is provided with O-ring seal 21; Connector 19 with take over a business 20 be positioned at filtrator 5 top, fastening cover 24 is positioned at the bottom of filtrator 5.
As shown in Figure 3; Filter membrane clip 4 is made up of hold-down ring 30, bracing frame 31, filter membrane 32, filter membrane holder 33, is provided with filter membrane holder 33 in the bracing frame 31, and filter membrane holder 33 is provided with filter membrane 32; Filter membrane 32 tops are provided with hold-down ring 30; The side of hold-down ring 30 and bracing frame 31 is respectively equipped with sealing gasket II29 and sealing gasket I34, and sealing gasket 29II and sealing gasket I34 are used for the butt-end packing of filter membrane clip 4, are fixedly installed in the filtrator 5.
As shown in Figure 9, filter membrane holder 33 is adopted stainless steel to irritate plate and is processed, and filter membrane holder 33 is provided with the identical aperture of some diameters.Its thickness is generally between 0.05～2mm, on this disk, has designed N the aperture that diameter is identical, and the aperture is typically chosen between diameter 0.1～5mm, and its job operation can use punching, Laser Processing or corroding method to obtain.
Before the sampling, locking device 6 loosens, and is as shown in Figure 2; Earlier filter membrane clip 4 is put on the sealing gasket I 34 of filtrator 5 pedestals 23; Transition body 22 is pressed on filter membrane clip 4 again, through locking device the gas circuit sealing is connected, the user is through data such as keyboard to set up sampling flow, sampling times.
During sampling; Locking device 6 is operated to position as shown in Figure 4, at this moment, moves up thereby carry on the handle of pedestal 23 with locking device 6; After locking device 6 self-lockings; 19 liang of surface of contact of transition body 22 and connected body connect sealing through O-ring seal 21, through sealing gasket 29 sealings, have guaranteed that filter membrane clip 4 seals in filtrator 5 between the surface of contact of transition body 22 and filter membrane clip 4; After pressing start key, instrument is started working.Barometric pressure sensor, environment temperature sensor will record data to single-chip microcomputer.During work, under the control of single-chip microcomputer 11, according to aerodynamic principle, gas is through PM
2.5Behind the nozzle body 2 in the cutter 1, struck on the shock plate 3 PM greater than the particle of 2.5 μ m
2.5Particle flow out with air-flow with the air hole of gas through shock plate 3, be left on the filter membrane 32 in the filtrator 5, residual gas is drained into atmosphere through flow sensor 18, impact damper 17, the power 16 of bleeding, the power vent mouth 15 of bleeding.Pressure transducer, temperature sensor, flow sensor calculate the flow value that flows through flow sensor with signal to the single-chip microcomputer of measuring 11 through single-chip microcomputer 11.And with the sampling flow of setting relatively.When single-chip microcomputer 11 detected through the sampling flow of flow sensor 18 less than the sampling flow set, the single-chip microcomputer 11 controls power 16 of bleeding increased rotating speeds, makes actual sampling flow reach the sampling flow of setting, and keeps the sampling of constant current amount; Otherwise single-chip microcomputer 11 is controlled the power 16 of bleeding and is reduced rotating speeds, makes actual sampling flow reach the sampling flow of setting, and keeps the sampling of constant current amount, thereby realize the purpose that the constant current amount is sampled.
Sampling after finishing is loosened locking device 6, and is as shown in Figure 2; Pedestal 23 presses down with the handle of locking device 6 and moves down, 19 liang of surface of contact of transition body 22 and connector are separated after, transition body 22 is taken off; At last filter membrane clip 4 is put into sample box from filtrator 5 interior taking-ups, send testing laboratory to analyze.
Embodiment 2
Like Fig. 7 and shown in Figure 8, identical no longer tired the stating of part among present embodiment and the embodiment 1, difference is: have 1～2000 Long Circle hole nozzle on the nozzle body, nozzle is symmetrically distributed on nozzle body, and F is a nozzle, and G is a pilot hole; Said shock plate is provided with plural Long Circle air hole, and two air hole H symmetric offset spread can be passed through shock plate through what kept in balance in the flow field of the gas behind the nozzle F among Fig. 7 on shock plate, and K is a pilot hole.
The sampling flow that the rotating speed that single-chip microcomputer of the present invention is controlled aspiration pump automatically makes actual sampling flow equal to set is realized the purpose of constant current amount sampling, and sampling error is little; Practice thrift resource and fund and manpower, and improved the quality of instrument; It is time saving and energy saving through locking device the loading and unloading of filtrator and cutter to be taken off, and so just be not easy to damage cutter, and sealing effectiveness is very good; The fixedly periphery of filter membrane and the end face of filter membrane holder in one plane make things convenient for the filter membrane sample to take off; The reasonable in design of nozzle body and shock plate, the nozzle and the gas flowfield between the shock plate of cutter inner nozzle body are even, have improved cutting efficiency.
Certainly, above-mentioned explanation is not to be limitation of the present invention, and the present invention also is not limited to above-mentioned giving an example; Those skilled in the art; In essential scope of the present invention, the variation of making, remodeling, interpolation or replacement all should belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. multi-functional high capacity gasoloid constant current sampling thief; Comprise cutter, filtrator and the power of bleeding; It is characterized in that: also comprise filter membrane clip, locking device, pressure transducer, temperature sensor, barometric pressure sensor, environment temperature sensor, single-chip microcomputer, printer, keyboard, display, the power outlet nozzle of bleeding, gas cushion, be used to measure flow sensor through the gas flow of filtrator; Front end, filter membrane clip that cutter is positioned at filter membrane clip are fixed among the filtrator; Locking device is fixed on the shell of filtrator; Locking device is positioned at the below of filtrator, and the gas outlet of filtrator and the air intake opening of flow sensor join, and is connected to pressure transducer before the flow sensor air intake opening and in the pipeline between the gas outlet of filtrator and temperature sensor all electrically connects with single-chip microcomputer; One end valve of said gas buffer is positioned at the front end of the air intake opening of the power of bleeding, and is connected with the dynamic seal of bleeding through pipeline, and other end valve is tightly connected through the gas outlet of pipeline and flow sensor; Said barometric pressure sensor, environment temperature sensor and single-chip microcomputer electrically connect; Said display, keyboard and printer electrically connect with single-chip microcomputer respectively; Said flow sensor electrically connects with bleed power and single-chip microcomputer.
2. multi-functional high capacity gasoloid constant current sampling thief according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said cutter is impact cutter or cyclone type cutter.
3. multi-functional high capacity gasoloid constant current sampling thief according to claim 2; It is characterized in that: be provided with nozzle body in the said impact cutter, the nozzle body below is provided with shock plate, and shock plate is provided with air hole; Nozzle body structurally is installed in parallel in the coaxial cavity with shock plate; Nozzle body is provided with plurality of nozzles, the axis projection non-overlapping copies of the air hole on arbitrary nozzle and the shock plate, air hole be shaped as circle, rectangle or Long Circle.
4. multi-functional high capacity gasoloid constant current sampling thief according to claim 3; It is characterized in that: said nozzle body is provided with the circular hole nozzle of 1～2000 same diameter; The circular hole nozzle is evenly to distribute on the circumference in the center of circle at the longitudinal axis with nozzle body, and the diameter of circular hole nozzle is between 50 μ m and 30mm; Plural air hole is offered in the medial and lateral of the axis projection position of nozzle on shock plate on the nozzle body of said shock plate upper edge, and the area of inside and outside both sides air hole equates on the shock plate.
5. multi-functional high capacity gasoloid constant current sampling thief according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: have 1～2000 rectangular opening nozzle or Long Circle hole nozzle on the said nozzle body, nozzle is symmetrically distributed on nozzle body; Said shock plate is provided with plural rectangle air hole or Long Circle air hole.
6. multi-functional high capacity gasoloid constant current sampling thief according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said filtrator comprises connector, takes over a business, O-ring seal, transition body, pedestal, fastening cover, base plate, guidepost, sliding sleeve, and base plate is provided with guidepost; Be provided with sliding sleeve between guidepost and the pedestal; Pedestal is provided with the transition body, is provided with filter membrane clip between pedestal and the transition body, and the transition body is provided with O-ring seal; Connector and the top of taking over a business to be positioned at filtrator, fastening cover is positioned at the bottom of filtrator.
7. multi-functional high capacity gasoloid constant current sampling thief according to claim 6; It is characterized in that: said filter membrane clip is made up of hold-down ring, bracing frame, filter membrane, filter membrane holder; Be provided with the filter membrane holder in the bracing frame; The filter membrane holder is provided with filter membrane, and the filter membrane top is provided with hold-down ring, and the side of hold-down ring and bracing frame is respectively equipped with sealing gasket II and sealing gasket I.
8. multi-functional high capacity gasoloid constant current sampling thief according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said filter membrane holder is adopted stainless steel to irritate plate and is processed, and the filter membrane holder is provided with the identical aperture of some diameters.
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| CN2012101489529A CN102654435A (en) | 2012-05-15 | 2012-05-15 | Multifunctional high-load aerosol constant-current sampler |
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| CN2012101489529A CN102654435A (en) | 2012-05-15 | 2012-05-15 | Multifunctional high-load aerosol constant-current sampler |
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