CN102647117A

CN102647117A - Composite power generation method

Info

Publication number: CN102647117A
Application number: CN2010105540065A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杜冲
Original assignee: Dalian Chuangda Technology Trade Market Co Ltd
Current assignee: Dalian Chuangda Technology Trade Market Co Ltd
Priority date: 2011-02-22
Filing date: 2011-02-22
Publication date: 2012-08-22

Abstract

The invention relates to a power generation method for compositely utilizing released heat and gas based on the principle of biomass energy smoldering heat release and gasification. The specific technical scheme is as follows: biomass energy smoldering is utilized, the heat generated in the process is collected, meanwhile the process is gasified to generate combustible gases such as H2, CO, and CH4, and combustion of the combustible gases can also release heat. A heat-carrying agent absorbs two parts of heat and then raises temperature, and the heat is stored as heat energy. Finally, the heat energy carried by the heat-carrying agent is directly converted into electrical energy through a semiconductor thermoelectric generation conversion device. The method compositely utilizes heat and gas of biomass energy to greatly increase the energy utilization rate. The power generation method has the advantages of no moving parts, no maintenance, high reliability and the like and is particularly suitable for power generation units of distributed energy systems and field power supply.

Description

A kind of compound power-generating method

Technical field

Patent of the present invention belongs to the utilization of new energy resources field.Relate to a kind of heat, gas compound power-generating method of biomass energy, can realize the compound utilization of biomass energy smoldering process heat, combustible gas, improve energy utilization rate greatly.Utilize catalyst carrier absorption smoldering process and combustible gas burning liberated heat and heat energy is converted into electric energy through semiconductor thermo-electric generation apparatus.

Background technology

Biomass energy is to be stored in a kind of form of energy in the biology with the chemical energy form, and it derives from photosynthesis of plants directly or indirectly.It spreads all over the world, and its reserves are very big, comprise fuel wood, farm-forestry crop, the energy crop of especially planting in order to produce the energy, the leftover bits and pieces of agriculture and forestry organic waste material and processing, domestic waste, water plant and excreta etc.

Biomass energy sources for generating electricity can be through the mode of directly burning.It utilizes existing equipment, only does corresponding repacking, and thermal source is replaced by biomass fuel.Than coal fuel, the temperature and the calorific value of biomass fuel are lower, and moisture is wayward, in addition, some also prematurity of technology, these factors have all had influence on biomass energy and have substituted the application that fossil energy is generated electricity on a large scale.

Up to now, conventional biomass gasification technology and technology still come with some shortcomings: 1. need the outside heat of labor, though high temperature can make factor of created gas and calorific value raise.But, improve always not too obvious with spent additional heat; 2. need invest bigger than complicated external; 3. to the bad adaptability of fuel, along with the difference of fuel, the calorific value that generates gas has bigger variation, even loses value.

Glowing is a kind of effective means that biomass energy transforms and utilizes.Widely used combustion pond, the Northeast heating technology is exactly to have utilized the glow principle of heat release of biomass fuel, but the heat efficiency is very low, only has 36%; The gas by-product that transforms also be not utilized effectively (Sun Wence, Xie Maozhao, the work characteristics and the heat energy utilization analysis in combustion pond; China energy; 1994,8,38-42).Usually, glowing promptly is fireless burning, refers to slow and complicated pyrolysis and the oxidation reaction that combustible carries out, and its imperfect combustion degree is very high, except that emitting a large amount of heats, also can generate fuel gas such as H2, CO, CH4.Glowing of biomass fuel is from maintenance process, need not outside energy, do not need complex apparatus, and be strong to the adaptability of fuel, and the overwhelming majority that has overcome conventional gasification is not enough, and can improve factor of created gas through modes such as additive packages.

The semiconductor temperature differential generating technology is a kind of solid state energy conversion regime, has realized thermoelectric conversion, can heat energy be converted into electric energy.Have that movement-less part, volume are little, in light weight, characteristics such as conveniently moving and reliability height, be the generation technology of environmental protection, have special advantages and good prospects for application aspect the low grade heat energy generating, especially meet the characteristics of Biomass Energy Utilization.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of a kind of compound power-generating method that is applicable to distributed energy resource system and field, emergency electric power supply.Can effectively utilize low-grade biomass energy, and improve efficiency of energy utilization, alleviate the energy and the electricity consumption crisis of growing tension.

The technical scheme of the heat of biomass energy of the present invention, gas compound power-generating method is achieved in that at first carries out the glowing from maintenance process of biomass fuel; This process is slowly complicated pyrolysis and oxidation reaction; Except that emitting a large amount of process heats; Also generate fuel gas such as H2, CO, CH4 simultaneously, these combustible gases are fully burnt and release heat in burner.Collect the smoldering process heat through catalyst carrier, and catalyst carrier can heat up in the calory burning continued that further absorbs fuel gas.At last, the high temperature catalyst carrier that carries heat energy is converted into electric energy through the semiconductor heat electrical switching device with heat energy.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, a kind of biomass energy sources for generating electricity method of proposition, the compound heat that has utilized smoldering process and combustible gas burning thereof to generate is through the direct generation of electricity of semiconductor temperature differential generating technology.Its energy utilization rate is greatly improved, and has adapted to the characteristic that the biomass energy ignition temperature is low, calorific value is little.And simple in structure, movement-less part, cost is low, reliability is high, is the electricity-generating method of environmental protection.The present invention has made full use of the characteristics that biomass energy source distribution is wide, reserves are big, is particularly useful for the generator unit of distributed energy resource system.

Below in conjunction with the embodiment further explain.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is biomass fuel heat, the gas compound power-generating method sketch map of employing level combustion bed.

Fig. 2 is temperature one time graph of exemplary operation point in the level combustion bed.

Fig. 3 generates the ratio of component of gaseous product for the gasification of glowing of typical condition in the level combustion bed.

Embodiment:

For level combustion bed, adopt rectangle pond shape structure shown in Fig. 1, a side leaves air admission hole 12; Opposite side sealing and equipment heating plate 2 are with the biomass fuel 1 that ignites; Sealing around the combustion bed, top is left combustion gas and is got pore 13, and the fuel gas that is rich in H2, CO, CH4 etc. is guided in the combustion gas holder 14; Be transported to the heat release of burning in the burner 7 through gas pipeline 16 behind the steady pressure, the flow of fuel gas is adjusted through valve 15.

Sawdust in the present embodiment (linden) is inserted in the level combustion bed with fluffy naturally state as biomass fuel 1.Control heating plate 2 temperature stabilization about 650 ℃, treat the sawdust spontaneous combustion after, stop the heating, sawdust begins to glow from maintenance process, emits heat and generates fuel gas such as H2, CO, CH4.Combustion bed and burner 7 outsides are equipped with oil jacket 3 and 6 respectively; Use high temperature oil as catalyst carrier in the present embodiment; The high temperature oil process heat that at first the circulation absorption is glowed in combustion bed oil jacket 3; Through circulation in the high temperature oil pipeline 4 entering combustion chamber oil jackets 6, further absorb combustible gas calory burning continued and heat up then.The high temperature oil of carrying great amount of heat energy at last is transported in the heat energy generator 10, through semiconductor thermo-electric generation apparatus 8 this part heat energy is converted into electric energy.

Semiconductor thermo-electric generation apparatus 8 is realized by the connection in series-parallel of many groups semiconductor heat power conversion device.Its hot side and heat energy generator 10 carry out heat exchange, absorb heat, and cold side and cooling device 9 carry out heat exchange, emit heat.The direction of transfer of the heat energy that high temperature oil is carried is heat energy generator, the hot side of semiconductor heat power conversion device, semiconductor heat power conversion device cold side and cooling device.Based on Seebeck effect, the temperature contrast of semiconductor thermo-electric generation apparatus 8 both sides can make it produce electric energy, and the size of electric energy is relevant with the material and the quantity of both sides temperature extent, semiconductor heat power conversion device.The direct current energy that produces is supplied power to load through power supply voltage stabilizing circuit 17, and it has guaranteed the output voltage and the current's intensity of electric energy, and can keep steady and constant output.

Regulate the water content of biomass fuel and the channel sized of air admission hole 12, can change the severity that fuel glows.Also can be through changing the factor of created gas that methods such as bulk density and additive package are regulated fuel gas such as gasification H2, CO, CH4.Be equipped with high temperature oil pump 11 in the high temperature oil circulation circuit so that power to be provided, and regulate the circular flow of catalyst carrier one high temperature oil, to change load capacity through the valve 5 of diverse location in the pipeline.Oil jacket 3 and 6 and high temperature oil pipeline 4 outsides be covered with heat-insulating material, prevent heat loss due to radiation.

According to temperature one time graph of exemplary operation point in the level combustion bed shown in Figure 2, system's maximum temperature difference that following of different operating modes can reach is little, and all between 400～600 ℃.(water content increases to 25.4% by 4.9%) can be slowed down burning rate behind the humidification, otherwise adds air.So present embodiment is controlled the speed of glowing through the water content and the air capacity of fuel metering.

Fig. 3 has provided under the typical condition; The gasification of glowing generates in the gaseous product; The active ingredient CH4 that incendivity utilizes; The content of CO and H2, the calorific value that utilizes heat value formula Qv=12636 X C0%+10785 X H2%+35902 X CH4% (KJ/m3) to obtain generating gas is about 4730 KJ/Nm3, and this is because airborne inert gas. and the accumulation of nitrogen causes its calorific value lower.In fact, according to the Combustion principle, the burning of fuel gas is the burning of fuel gas and AIR MIXTURES in fact, and is not only the shining burning that can dislike gas itself.Real influence burning is the calorific value of combustion gas and AIR MIXTURES, for the high gas of calorific value, the calorific value of its air mixture and unlike people imagine so high.For example: the Lower heat value of natural gas is 7 times of stalk, but the Lower heat value of its air rod compound is only high by 23% than stalk; Be used as the mixed gas of gas, Lower heat value is 3 times of stalk, the Lower heat value of its gaseous mixture also only high 18%.In other words, supply with suitable air to the fuel gas of different calorific values, the heat branch that they are emitted differs little.Facts have proved, glow the low-BTU gas that generates with the situation of air rational Match under, can satisfy purposes such as cooking, generating, oven dry fully.

Claims

1. a compound power-generating method is characterized in that, to the utilization of biomass energy through the realization of glowing; At first carry out glowing from maintenance process of biomass fuel, this process except that emitting a large amount of process heats, also generates fuel gas such as H2, CO, CH4 for slowly complicated pyrolysis and oxidation reaction, and these fuel gas also can discharge calory burning in burner; Collect the smoldering process heat through catalyst carrier then, and catalyst carrier heats up in the calory burning continued that further absorbs fuel gas;

At last, through the thermo-electric generation conversion equipment the logical heat energy that carries of high temperature catalyst carrier is converted into electric energy.

2. a kind of compound power-generating method according to claim 1, what biomass energy was carried out is to glow from maintenance process, its combustion bed can be level, pattern such as vertical.

3. a kind of compound power-generating method according to claim 1, thermo-electric generation conversion equipment are to realize through the semiconductor heat power conversion device based on Seebeck effect, and can be many group semiconductor heat power conversion device series/parallels.