CN101768473A - Biomass and high heating value garbage gasifying method for distribution type renewable energy system - Google Patents
Biomass and high heating value garbage gasifying method for distribution type renewable energy system Download PDFInfo
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- CN101768473A CN101768473A CN201010101023A CN201010101023A CN101768473A CN 101768473 A CN101768473 A CN 101768473A CN 201010101023 A CN201010101023 A CN 201010101023A CN 201010101023 A CN201010101023 A CN 201010101023A CN 101768473 A CN101768473 A CN 101768473A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a biomass and high heating value garbage gasifying method for a distribution type renewable energy system. The method solves the technical problems that the gas heating value of the biomass is low to cause that the fuel heating value of a miniature gas turbine in the distribution type energy supply system can not be met; many cokes can be generated in the gasifying process to cause the gas gasifying difficulty; and the normal operation of the gas turbine is affected, and the like. In the method, a porous bed material circulating fluidizing bed gasifying furnace is adopted; biomass (straw) and high heating value garbage are used as raw materials to prepare high heating value gas. The traditional common method of the signal biomass gasifying is broken through, and the purposes of high gas heating value, small environment pollution, stable gasifying reaction and the like of the distribution type renewable energy system are realized through the chemical reaction process of the fluidizing bed. The method overcomes the defects of unable regeneration and insufficient amount of the raw materials of the traditional distribution type energy supply system, satisfies the requirements of the gas turbine in the distribution type energy supply system, can obviously enhance the utilization efficiency of the renewable energy, has rich raw material source and low cost, and simultaneously solves the problem of partial treatment and disposition of white pollution and household garbage of urban.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of gasification process of distribution type renewable energy, relate in particular to a kind of biomass of distribution type renewable energy system and the gasification process of high heating value rubbish, belong to the technical field that renewable and clean energy resource technical field and waste material are produced fuel.
Background technology
It is very promising that the gasification process of distribution type renewable energy is used for energy supplying system, it with controllability flexibly, capacity usage ratio is high and pollute little advantage and accepted by people just gradually.Conventional distributing-supplying-energy system is to be raw material with non-renewable Sweet natural gas, and China's output is not high.Therefore adopt fuel to have certain economic benefits and environmental benefit based on renewable energy source.Biomass are a kind of renewable energy sources, China's straw from village biolobic material annual production is above 600,000,000 tons, but the agricultural crop straw major part is burned by the field for a long time, and not only the biomass utilising efficiency is low but also problems such as polluted air environment, easy initiation fire and traffic accident for this mode.By " stalk is prohibited burning and comprehensive utilization management method " (No. [1999] 98, environment-development) that China State Environmental Protection Administration issues, agricultural crop straw is forbidden burning in prohibiting the burning district.
The key of distribution type renewable energy system supply of fuel in early stage is sought a kind of technology that produces the high heating value combustion gas exactly.Gasifying biomass is one of technology of tool practicality in the biomass thermal chemical conversion.Gasifying biomass is meant solid biomass under the incomplete combustion condition, utilizes airborne oxygen or oxygen carrier to make vaporized chemical, with Wood Adhesives from Biomass for containing CO, H
2, CH
4Process Deng inflammable gas.But the lower (4-6MJ/m of the resulting biogas calorific value of mode by gasification
3), can not satisfy the fuel value of the miniature gas turbine in the distributing-supplying-energy system far away, and the tar that gasification produces is more, causes the gas-purification difficulty, influences the works better of internal combustion turbine.
The high heating value rubbish that the present invention adopts comprises combustiblematerials stationery, plastic, rubber, wooden bamboo and the textiles (proportion is respectively 5%, 10%, 2% and 7%) that plastic waste and domestic refuse obtain after once pulverizing, refuse classification rejecting incombustible substance and rubbish from cooking.Find that by analysis the fuel gases calorific value of this high heating value garbage gasifying is up to arriving 12-35MJ/m
3The shared proportion of the white garbage of China (plastic waste) is increasing, domestic waste plastic generation in 2005 is about 960.8 ten thousand tons according to statistics, ER for emission rate about 36%, account for China's garbage emission total amount about 15% (state key tackling key problem plastic waste rubber utilizes technology. renewable resource and recycling economy, 2008 (05)).And about 6,000,000,000 tons of China's sanitary fill amount over the years, the domestic waste generation increases rapidly with the speed of average annual growth rate about 9%, and the domestic refuse that reserves are huge constitutes serious threat to city and greenbelt ecotope.Show that according to relevant regulations the aerogenesis thermal value is greater than 15.07MJ/m
3Fuel be high performance fuel.So, can make plastic waste and domestic refuse obtain handling fuel gases calorific value is improved if these high heating value rubbish are sneaked in the biomass, meet national related industries policy, reach the target of energy-conserving and environment-protective.Therefore the fuel of this " distribution type renewable energy system " employing is the mixture of stalk and high heating value rubbish.
Draw through calculation of correlation, the method of applying biological matter and high heating value rubbish combined vaporizing, make distribution type renewable energy system improve 30-50% with respect to traditional power generation system comprehensive utilization of energy rate, and the unit electricity price is than the low 0.19 yuan/KWh of electrical network electricity price, and heat cost is than the low 7.41 yuan/m of central heating
2, have certain advantage economically.
Summary of the invention
It is that raw material produces gasification gas that the present invention adopts biomass and high heating value rubbish, and satisfying the needs of internal combustion turbine in the distributed energy resource system, this invention has remedied the defective of the non-renewable and quantity not sufficient of traditional distributed energy supplying system raw material.
Biomass are a kind of renewable energy sources, but the relatively low (4-6MJ/m of gasifying biomass aerogenesis calorific value
3), can not satisfy the fuel value of the miniature gas turbine in the distributing-supplying-energy system, and the tar that gasification produces is more, cause the gas-purification difficulty, influence the works better of internal combustion turbine, the biomass and the high heating value garbage gasifying method of the distribution type renewable energy system that the present invention adopts, be a kind of biomass and high heating value rubbish combined vaporizing method that can satisfy miniature gas turbine fuel value in the distribution type renewable energy system, and the follow-up cold, heat and electricity triple supply of energy realization system, this method adopts novel porous bed material circle fluidized-bed gasification furnace to produce the high heating value combustion gas.It is produced step and comprises:
(1) biomass and high heating value rubbish being put into operating temperature with 1: 2 mass ratio is in 600-900 ℃ the body of heater, between 0.2-0.25, biomass and high heating value rubbish at first take place to decompose fast and generate gas, coke and tar its fluidizing velocity greater than doubly particle terminal velocity of 3-5, equivalence ratio;
(2) tar continues cracking under hot environment, and coke and CO
2, H
2O further reduces, and the carbon granules of complete reaction and gas are not separated in the exit, and gas is seen off by gas extractor as product; Coke sends fluidized-bed 3 bottoms back to by pneumatic pump and air burns, and the heat of generation is supplied with whole vapourizing furnace through steam generator, to guarantee pyrolysis and reduction endothermic process, basic satisfied reduction and coke tar cracking requirement;
(3) residence time of solid phase in stove can reach between the 4-6s between 2-4s the residence time of gas phase in stove.
The advantage that the present invention compared with prior art has is:
1. selected for use biomass and high heating value rubbish as gasified raw material, the fuel gases calorific value height of generation, environmental pollution is little, and has realized comprehensive utilization of waste materials;
2. adopt the porous bed material to replace common bed material, this bed material is to H
2Generation stronger promoter action is arranged, H under the same terms
2Volume fraction can increase by 31.76% at most, has improved the stability of combustion gas greatly.
3. selected for use biomass and high heating value rubbish as gasified raw material, can satisfy the demand of miniature gas turbine fuel value in the distribution type renewable energy system, realized follow-up cold, heat and electricity triple supply for distribution type renewable energy system assurance is provided.
This shows, the present invention utilizes biomass (stalk) and high heating value rubbish (based on plastic waste) to produce the method for inflammable gas, broken through the conventional process of traditional independent gasifying biomass, by the chemical reaction process in the fluidized-bed, advantages such as fuel gases calorific value height, environmental pollution is little, gasification reaction is stable have been realized.
This method can obviously improve the utilising efficiency of renewable energy source, and raw material sources are abundant, with low cost, has solved the problems such as partially disposed disposal of cities and towns white pollution and domestic refuse simultaneously.
Description of drawings
The novel porous bed material circle fluidized-bed gasification furnace structural representation that Fig. 1 uses for the present invention.
Fig. 2 is used for the cold, heat and electricity triple supply synoptic diagram of distribution type renewable energy system for the present invention.
Embodiment
The biomass of distribution type renewable energy system and high heating value garbage gasifying method, this method adopt porous bed material circle fluidized-bed gasification furnace to produce the high heating value combustion gas, and it is produced step and comprises:
(1) biomass and high heating value rubbish being put into operating temperature with 1: 2 mass ratio is in 600-900 ℃ the body of heater, between 0.2-0.25, biomass and high heating value rubbish at first take place to decompose fast and generate gas, coke and tar its fluidizing velocity greater than doubly particle terminal velocity of 3-5, equivalence ratio;
(2) tar continues cracking under hot environment, and coke and CO
2, H
2O further reduces, and the carbon granules of complete reaction and gas are not separated in the exit, and gas is seen off by gas extractor 5 as product; Coke sends fluidized-bed 3 bottoms back to by pneumatic pump 10 and air burns, and the heat of generation is supplied with whole vapourizing furnace through steam generator 11, to guarantee pyrolysis and reduction endothermic process, basic satisfied reduction and coke tar cracking requirement;
(3) residence time of solid phase in stove can reach between the 4-6s between 2-4s the residence time of gas phase in stove.
Describe the realization means of biomass provided by the invention and high heating value rubbish combined vaporizing method in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Referring to Fig. 1, the present invention is a research means with porous bed material circle fluidized-bed gasification furnace, employed in the method porous bed material circle fluidized-bed gasification furnace is fixed on the support 12, its furnace wall is provided with thermal insulation layer 2, fluidized-bed 3 bottoms are provided with the porous bed bed of material 1, and are connected with steam generator 11 with pneumatic pump 10 respectively by the external pipeline of fluidized-bed 3 bottoms; Be provided with opening for feed 4 at fluidized-bed 3 tops, and be communicated with gas extractor 5 by pipeline; Temperature control unit 6 is by the inboard wall of furnace body control linkage of thermopair 7 with close fluidized-bed 3.On the pipeline between described pneumatic pump 10 and steam generator 11 and the fluidized-bed 3, be respectively equipped with under meter 8.On the pipeline between described steam generator 11 and the fluidized-bed 3, also be provided with pressure limiting valve 9.
Referring to Fig. 2, use porous bed material circle fluidized-bed gasification furnace that biological particles and high heating value rubbish are gasified, the high heating value combustion gas of producing realizes follow-up cold, heat and electricity triple supply for distribution type renewable energy system provides.Biological particles (stalk particle) and high heating value rubbish (based on plastic waste) enter porous bed material fluidized-bed simultaneously, the high heat value gas that produces is handled the laggard miniature internal combustion turbine of going into through cleaner and gas-holder, gas expansion working under the effect of pressure that its internal combustion chamber produces, drive gas turbine power generation, unnecessary electric weight input electrical network.The high-temperature flue gas that internal combustion turbine is discharged enters interchanger, supplies with user heating with a part after the feedwater heat exchange and life is used, and another part enters lithium bromide refrigerator and makes chilled water, and chilled water enters in the fan coil of central air-conditioning again and carries out the heat exchange cooling.The low-temperature flue gas that interchanger is discharged enters atmosphere after anti-pollution processing, realize cold, heat and electricity triple supply.
Following examples all are to the research of biomass and high heating value rubbish combined vaporizing aerogenesis trend, as theoretical basis of the present invention under the different experiments operating mode.
At first drop into zeolite work bed and expect the formation porous bed bed of materials 1 in the fluidized-bed 3, get after the biological particles (stalk particle) of 2-5mm and the compressed moulding diameter less than the high heating value rubbish of 8mm by 1: 2 mass ratio again, putting into operating temperature by opening for feed 4 is in 600-900 ℃ the body of heater, inlet amount is controlled at 3.78kg/h, its fluidizing velocity greater than doubly particle terminal velocity of 3-5, equivalence ratio between 0.2-0.25, in oxygen concentration was oxygen-enriched atmosphere more than 40%, stalk particle and plastic waste at first took place to decompose fast and generate gas, coke and tar; Tar continues cracking under hot environment, and coke and CO
2, H
2O further reduces, the carbon granules of complete reaction and gas are not separated in the exit, gas is sent to gas extractor 5 as product, coke sends fluidized-bed 3 bottoms back to by pneumatic pump 10 and air burns, the heat that produces is supplied with whole vapourizing furnace through steam generator 11, to guarantee pyrolysis and to reduce endothermic process and basic satisfied reduction and coke tar cracking requirement; The residence time of gas phase in stove, the residence time of solid phase in stove can reach 4-6s between 2-4s.Experimental result is found: the gas that produces behind biological particles and the high heating value rubbish combined vaporizing has H
2, CO, also have CH simultaneously
4,, C
2H
4, C
2H
6And CO
2Deng, the total heating value of all gas reaches 30MJ/m
3This fuel gases calorific value can satisfy the calorific value (26.1-93.85MJ/Nm of the required fuel of miniature gas turbine
3), C30 low-pressure fuel gas type gas-turbine generator set day can utilize the waste heat amount to be 7174MJ, can produce the electric energy of 672KWh, and satisfies 1800m
2The sub-district 22 tame bathing 621MJ of resident family and the heat demand of refrigerator 886MJ.Under meter 8 and pressure limiting valve 9 be the air flow quantity and the pressure of control test system respectively, by the combustion gas behind the gas extractor 5 collection combined vaporizings.
With the fuel-feed amount is that the biological particles (2-5mm) of 3.78kg/h and the high heating value rubbish (diameter 8mm) of compressed moulding are done to gasify under 600-900 ℃ of condition in steam atmosphere (the water vapour flow is 1.38kg/h) temperature of reaction in the fluidized-bed of bed material with 1: 2 mass ratio input zeolite.Found that: the gas that The combined gasification back produces has H
2, CO, also have CH simultaneously
4,, C
2H
4, C
2H
6And CO
2Deng, the total heating value of all gas reaches 28MJ/m
3This fuel gases calorific value can satisfy the calorific value (26.1-93.85MJ/Nm of the required fuel of miniature gas turbine
3), C30 low-pressure fuel gas type gas-turbine generator set day can utilize the waste heat amount to be 6695MJ, can produce the electric energy of 627KWh, and satisfies 1600m
2The sub-district 19 tame bathing 580MJ of resident family and the heat demand of refrigerator 827MJ.Other guide is with embodiment 1.
Claims (4)
1. the biomass of distribution type renewable energy system and high heating value garbage gasifying method, this method adopt porous bed material circle fluidized-bed gasification furnace to produce the high heating value combustion gas, and it is produced step and comprises:
(1) biomass and high heating value rubbish being put into operating temperature with 1: 2 mass ratio is in 600-900 ℃ the body of heater, between 0.2-0.25, biomass and high heating value rubbish at first take place to decompose fast and generate gas, coke and tar its fluidizing velocity greater than doubly particle terminal velocity of 3-5, equivalence ratio;
(2) tar continues cracking under hot environment, and coke and CO
2, H
2O further reduces, and the carbon granules of complete reaction and gas are not separated in the exit, and gas is seen off by gas extractor (5) as product; Coke is sent fluidized-bed (3) bottom back to by pneumatic pump (10) and is burnt with air, and the heat of generation is supplied with whole vapourizing furnace through steam generator (11), to guarantee pyrolysis and reduction endothermic process, basic satisfied reduction and coke tar cracking requirement;
(3) residence time of solid phase in stove can reach between the 4-6s between 2-4s the residence time of gas phase in stove.
2. the biomass of distribution type renewable energy system according to claim 1 and high heating value garbage gasifying method, it is characterized in that: employed in the method porous bed material circle fluidized-bed gasification furnace is fixed on the support (12), its furnace wall is provided with thermal insulation layer (2), fluidized-bed (3) bottom is provided with the porous bed bed of material (1), and is connected with steam generator (11) with pneumatic pump (10) respectively by the external pipeline of fluidized-bed (3) bottom; Be provided with opening for feed (4) at fluidized-bed (3) top, and be communicated with gas extractor (5) by pipeline; Temperature control unit (6) is by the inboard wall of furnace body control linkage of thermopair (7) with close fluidized-bed (3).
3. the biomass of distribution type renewable energy system according to claim 2 and high heating value garbage gasifying method is characterized in that: be respectively equipped with under meter (8) on the pipeline between described pneumatic pump (10) and steam generator (11) and the fluidized-bed (3).
4. the biomass of distribution type renewable energy system according to claim 3 and high heating value garbage gasifying method is characterized in that: also be provided with pressure limiting valve (9) on the pipeline between described steam generator (11) and the fluidized-bed (3).
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103627438A (en) * | 2012-08-22 | 2014-03-12 | 黄广禧 | Method for mixed cracking of straw and kitchen waste |
| CN104907321A (en) * | 2015-07-02 | 2015-09-16 | 杨先春 | Comprehensive garbage treatment method |
| CN105485652A (en) * | 2016-01-01 | 2016-04-13 | 广州环峰能源科技股份有限公司 | Full-sealed biomass control system |
| CN107400525A (en) * | 2017-09-14 | 2017-11-28 | 深圳市中世新能源有限公司 | The carbonization system of sludge and rubbish |
-
2010
- 2010-01-26 CN CN201010101023A patent/CN101768473A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103627438A (en) * | 2012-08-22 | 2014-03-12 | 黄广禧 | Method for mixed cracking of straw and kitchen waste |
| CN104907321A (en) * | 2015-07-02 | 2015-09-16 | 杨先春 | Comprehensive garbage treatment method |
| CN105485652A (en) * | 2016-01-01 | 2016-04-13 | 广州环峰能源科技股份有限公司 | Full-sealed biomass control system |
| CN107400525A (en) * | 2017-09-14 | 2017-11-28 | 深圳市中世新能源有限公司 | The carbonization system of sludge and rubbish |
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Application publication date: 20100707 |