CN102646517A - Supercapacitor and electrode thereof - Google Patents
Supercapacitor and electrode thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102646517A CN102646517A CN2012101053007A CN201210105300A CN102646517A CN 102646517 A CN102646517 A CN 102646517A CN 2012101053007 A CN2012101053007 A CN 2012101053007A CN 201210105300 A CN201210105300 A CN 201210105300A CN 102646517 A CN102646517 A CN 102646517A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors
Abstract
The invention discloses a supercapacitor and an electrode thereof. The electrode of the supercapacitor comprises a current collector and an electrode material formed on the current collector, wherein the electrode material is a nano perovskite structure ceramic material. The supercapacitor comprises at least one capacitor unit connected in series, wherein each capacitor unit comprises a first electrode, a second electrode and a diaphragm separately arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode, the first electrode, the second electrode and the diaphragm are arranged in an electrolyte solution, the first electrode and the second electrode respectively comprises the current collector and the electrode material formed on the current collector, and the electrode material is the nano perovskite structure ceramic material. According to the technical scheme adopted by the invention, the working voltage of the supercapacitor can be effectively improved, and the applicability of the supercapacitor can be enhanced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to capacitor arrangement, particularly relate to a kind of electrode and ultracapacitor of ultracapacitor.
Background technology
Ultracapacitor is claimed double electric layer capacitor, electrochemical capacitor, gold electric capacity or farad capacitor again, is a kind of novel energy-storing device between traditional capacitor and storage battery.Ultracapacitor can be regarded as the battery lead plate that is suspended in two reactionless activity in the electrolyte; On pole plate, power up; Positive plate attracts the anion in the electrolyte, and negative plate attracts cation, in fact forms two capacitive accumulation layers; The separated cation of opening is near negative plate, and anion is near positive plate.
The Charge Storage of ultracapacitor mainly is based on electric double layer capacitance energy storage principle and redox pseudo-capacitance energy storage principle.Wherein, The electric double layer energy storage principle is meant because the surface adsorption of negative ions between solid electrode and electrolyte; Cause the electrical potential difference between two solid electrodes; Thereby realization energy storage, this energy storage principle allow big electric current fast charging and discharging, and its amount of capacity increases with the increase of the effective surface area of selected electrode material; Redox pseudo-capacitance principle be utilized in electrode surface and near occur in quick reversible faraday in the certain potentials scope and react and realize energy storage; It is advantageous that to produce very big capacity, is the 10-100 doubly when identical with the metal oxide specific area (press material with carbon element calculating) of electric double layer capacitance.
As a kind of novel energy storage device, ultracapacitor has the big electric current fast charging and discharging of traditional capacitor and the high energy storage characteristic of storage battery concurrently, has filled up the blank of specific energy and specific power between traditional capacitor and the storage battery; Its discharge specific power is high nearly ten times than storage battery, has remedied the technological gap between alminium electrolytic condenser and the storage battery, has overcome the defective of the two simultaneously again; The characteristic that had both had the high energy storage of storage battery has the power characteristic of traditional capacitor again, therefore; Ultracapacitor has the specific capacitance higher than traditional capacitor; Its specific capacitance than the high hundreds of of traditional capacitor to several thousand times, simultaneously, it also have than the bigger specific power of storage battery with recycle the life-span; Can reach 105 times; Simultaneously, it also has safe and reliable, characteristics such as the scope of application is wide, environmental protection, easy care, is the breakthrough electric elements that improve and solve the electric energy motive use.
Ultracapacitor generally comprises electrode, electrolyte and three main element of barrier film, and wherein, electrode is a critical elements that influences capacitor performance.At present, the electrode material in the ultracapacitor mainly comprises following three kinds: (1) carbon materials, like active carbon, carbon aerogels and CNT etc.; (2) transition metal oxide and hydrate material thereof are like nickel oxide, manganese dioxide and ruthenium-oxide etc.; (3) conducting polymer materials.Wherein, Active carbon is a kind of electrode material that is applied to ultracapacitor the earliest; It is through direct absorption or a certain amount of metallic compound that mixes for an activated carbon electrodes, can prepare the composite capacitor device with electric double layer capacitance and pseudo capacitance, and has higher ratio electric capacity.
The main state of development of ultracapacitor of electrode material making at present is following: for example MAT adopts the ultracapacitor that carbon resistance rod is made, its operating voltage 3V, energy density 2.2Wh/kg, power density 400W/kg; The super capacitor that Pinnacle research institute adopts carbon resistance rod to make, its operating voltage 28V, energy density 0.8Wh/kg, power density 500W/kg; The ultracapacitor that Maxwell National Laboratory adopts carbon silica aerogel electrode to make, its operating voltage 24V, energy density 6Wh/kg, power density 2500W/kg; The ultracapacitor that Livermore National Laboratory adopts carbon aerogels to make, its operating voltage 1V, energy density 2Wh/kg, power density 2000W/kg; The ultracapacitor that Los Alamos National Laboratory adopts conductive polymer electrodes to make, its operating voltage 0.75V, energy density 2Wh/kg, power density 500W/kg.
Can find out that the operating voltage of the ultracapacitor that electrode material is made in the prior art is lower, can't satisfy and have the more application of high working voltage demand.
Summary of the invention
The electrode and the ultracapacitor that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of ultracapacitor to solve the lower defective of ultracapacitor operating voltage in the prior art, can effectively improve the operating voltage and the capacitance of ultracapacitor.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the invention provides a kind of electrode of ultracapacitor, comprise collector and be formed on the electrode material on the said collector that said electrode material is the nano-perovskite structural ceramic material.
Wherein, also be mixed with carbon aerogels or nano active charcoal in the said nano-perovskite structural ceramic material.Said collector is processed by in aluminium, nickel, copper, magnesium, the titanium one or more; Perhaps, said collector is processed by in aluminium oxide, nickel oxide, cupric oxide, magnesia, the titanium oxide one or more.Said electrode material is formed on the said collector through sol-gel process, Metalorganic Chemical Vapor Deposition, pulsed laser deposition or radio-frequency magnetron sputter method.
Said nano-perovskite structural ceramic material can also be modified Nano perovskite structure ceramic material; Wherein, said modified Nano perovskite structure ceramic material is one or more nano-perovskite structural ceramic material of in nano barium phthalate, mix calcium, magnesium, strontium, nickel, silicon, manganese, chromium or vanadium.
The present invention also provides a kind of ultracapacitor; Comprise at least one capacitor unit that is connected in series; Said capacitor unit comprises first electrode, second electrode and is arranged on the barrier film between said first electrode and second electrode at interval; Said first electrode, second electrode and barrier film are arranged in the electrolyte solution, and said first electrode and second electrode comprise collector respectively and be formed on the electrode material on the said collector that said electrode material is the nano-perovskite structural ceramic material.
Wherein, also be mixed with carbon aerogels or nano active charcoal in the said nano-perovskite structural ceramic material.Said collector is processed by in aluminium, nickel, copper, magnesium, the titanium one or more; Perhaps, said collector is processed by in aluminium oxide, nickel oxide, cupric oxide, magnesia, the titanium oxide one or more.Said electrode material is formed on the said collector through sol-gel process, Metalorganic Chemical Vapor Deposition, pulsed laser deposition or radio-frequency magnetron sputter method.
Said nano-perovskite structural ceramic material can also be modified Nano perovskite structure ceramic material; Wherein, said modified Nano perovskite structure ceramic material is one or more nano-perovskite structural ceramic material of in nano barium phthalate, mix calcium, magnesium, strontium, nickel, silicon, manganese, chromium or vanadium.
Technical scheme of the present invention has the electrode material of the perovskite structure ceramic material of high-k as electrode through employing; When guaranteeing the ultracapacitor capacitance; Effectively improved the operating voltage of ultracapacitor; Can satisfy the occasion that operating voltage is had requirements at the higher level, improve the scope of application of ultracapacitor.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the electrode embodiment of ultracapacitor of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of ultracapacitor embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is another structural representation of ultracapacitor embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Through accompanying drawing and embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is done further detailed description below.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the electrode embodiment of ultracapacitor of the present invention.As shown in Figure 1, this electrode comprises collector 11 and is formed on the electrode material 12 on the collector 11 that wherein, electrode material 12 is the nano-perovskite structural ceramic material.Particularly; This nano-perovskite structural ceramic material is a nano barium phthalate; Perhaps be one or more modified Nano perovskite structure ceramic material of in nano barium phthalate, mix calcium, magnesium, strontium, nickel, silicon, manganese, chromium or vanadium, this nano-perovskite structural ceramic material or modified Nano perovskite structure ceramic material are high dielectric constant ceramic material.
In the practical application, the collector 11 of present embodiment can be made up of various conducting metals and metal oxide.Particularly, the collector in the present embodiment 11 can be processed by in aluminium, nickel, copper, magnesium, the titanium etc. one or more; Perhaps, collector 11 also can be processed by in aluminium oxide, nickel oxide, cupric oxide, magnesia, the titanium oxide etc. one or more in the present embodiment.Simultaneously, collector 11 also can be processed the structure with different shape, particularly, can make the collector 11 of suitable material or suitable shape according to the needs of reality.
In the practical application; The electrode material 12 of present embodiment can be formed on the surface of collector 11 through suitable method; As can electrode material 12 be formed on collector 11 surfaces through methods such as sol-gel process, Metalorganic Chemical Vapor Deposition, pulsed laser deposition or radio-frequency magnetron sputter methods; Make collector 11 surfaces form the perovskite structure ceramic membrane, and can carry out roasting, obtain the electrode of ultracapacitor the collector 11 that forms the perovskite structure ceramic membrane.
In addition; Also can above-mentioned nano-perovskite structural ceramic material in the practical application and the nano-perovskite structural ceramic material of modification mix with carbon aerogels, nano active charcoal etc.; And with mixed material as electrode material; The electrode material that mixes the back acquisition also can be formed on collection liquid surface through said method, obtains the electrode of ultracapacitor.
Electrode in the present embodiment can be used for making the ultracapacitor of electric double layer capacitance and electrochemical capacitor; Because electrode material adopts the perovskite structure ceramic material with high-k; The electrode of the feasible super capacitor of processing has higher voltage endurance capability, and the ultracapacitor that utilizes this electrode to obtain has higher operating voltage, simultaneously; Because the nano-perovskite structural ceramic material can have bigger surface area when being formed on collector; Therefore, make ultracapacitor have bigger capacitance, can have bigger energy storage characteristic.In actual the use, the inventor utilizes the operating voltage of the ultracapacitor that the electrode of above-mentioned present embodiment obtains can reach 50V, and capacitance can reach 500F, and energy density can reach 300Wh/kg, and power density can reach 600Wh/kg.
Above technical scheme can be found out; Present embodiment has the electrode material of the nano-perovskite structural ceramic material of high-k as ultra-high capacity device electrode through employing; The electrode that obtains has bigger surface area; And electrode has higher voltage endurance capability, when guaranteeing capacity of super capacitor, can effectively improve the operating voltage of ultracapacitor.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of ultracapacitor embodiment of the present invention.Particularly; As shown in Figure 2; The present embodiment ultracapacitor comprises at least one capacitor unit that is connected in series; Wherein, each capacitor unit can comprise first electrode 1, second electrode 2 and barrier film 3, the first electrodes 1, second electrode 2 and the barrier film 3 that are arranged at interval between first electrode 1 and second electrode 2 are arranged in the electrolyte solution 4; First electrode 1 and second electrode 2 comprise collector 11 respectively and are formed on the electrode material 12 on the collector 11; Electrode material 12 is the nano-perovskite structural ceramic material, and electrode material 12 specifically can be nano barium phthalate in the present embodiment, the modified Nano perovskite structure ceramic material of one or more of perhaps in nano barium phthalate, mix calcium, magnesium, strontium, nickel, silicon, manganese, chromium, vanadium etc.Particularly; Form ultracapacitor with two capacitor unit series connection in the present embodiment; One shell 5 is set outside two series capacitor unit, and on two collectors of the outer field electrode of capacitor unit, distinguishes extraction electrode pin 6, as the output pin of ultracapacitor.
In addition; Also can above-mentioned nano-perovskite structural ceramic material in the practical application and the nano-perovskite structural ceramic material of modification mix with carbon aerogels, nano active charcoal etc.; And with mixed material as electrode material; The electrode material that mixes the back acquisition also can be formed on collection liquid surface through said method, obtains the electrode of ultracapacitor.
The nano-perovskite structural ceramics of the electrodes use high-k in the present embodiment ultracapacitor is as electrode material; Because the nano-perovskite structural ceramics of high-k has stronger voltage endurance capability; Therefore, make ultracapacitor have higher operating voltage; Simultaneously; The ceramic membrane that is formed on the nano-perovskite structure of collection liquid surface has bigger surface area, and can be arranged to have less distance between first electrode and second electrode, therefore; The ultracapacitor of processing also has higher capacitance, has higher energy storage characteristic.
During with two capacitor unit series connection, can the collector that needs are connected in series be welded together, so that two capacitor units are electrically connected.In addition, in the practical application, as shown in Figure 3; Be another structural representation of ultracapacitor embodiment of the present invention, two collectors of two capacitor units that are connected in series also can be structure as a whole, promptly make electrode of super capacitor the time; Two surfaces of this collector are all formed nano-perovskite structural ceramics film, like this, when a plurality of capacitor units are connected, need the collector that be connected in series not welded together; But when making electrode just with both as one, can effectively improve the packaging efficiency of capacitor, the minimizing assembling procedure; Reduce the volume of ultracapacitor, reduce the cost of capacitor.
In the practical application, the composition ultracapacitor that also can the capacitor unit more than three or three be connected in series is to obtain the super capacitor of proper operation voltage and capacitance.Particularly, can the capacitor unit of suitable quantity be set, to satisfy actual needs according to the needs of reality.
Can find out; The perovskite structure pottery that the embodiment of the invention is passed through to adopt high-k is as electrode material; Make the super capacitor that utilizes this electrode material when having higher capacity; Also effectively improve the operating voltage of ultracapacitor, improved the scope of application of ultracapacitor.
What should explain at last is: above embodiment is only in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described but not limit it; Although the present invention has been carried out detailed explanation with reference to preferred embodiment; Those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: it still can make amendment or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention, also can not make amended technical scheme break away from the spirit and the scope of technical scheme of the present invention and these are revised or be equal to replacement.
Claims (10)
1. the electrode of a ultracapacitor comprises collector and is formed on the electrode material on the said collector, it is characterized in that said electrode material is the nano-perovskite structural ceramic material.
2. ultracapacitor according to claim 1 is characterized in that, is mixed with carbon aerogels or nano active charcoal in the said nano-perovskite structural ceramic material.
3. ultracapacitor according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said collector is processed by in aluminium, nickel, copper, magnesium, the titanium one or more; Perhaps,
Said collector is processed by in aluminium oxide, nickel oxide, cupric oxide, magnesia, the titanium oxide one or more.
4. ultracapacitor according to claim 1 is characterized in that said electrode material is formed on the said collector through sol-gel process, Metalorganic Chemical Vapor Deposition, pulsed laser deposition or radio-frequency magnetron sputter method.
5. ultracapacitor according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Said nano-perovskite structural ceramic material is a modified Nano perovskite structure ceramic material; Wherein, said modified Nano perovskite structure ceramic material is one or more nano-perovskite structural ceramic material of in nano barium phthalate, mix calcium, magnesium, strontium, nickel, silicon, manganese, chromium or vanadium.
6. ultracapacitor; Be characterised in that; Comprise at least one capacitor unit that is connected in series, said capacitor unit comprises first electrode, second electrode and is arranged on the barrier film between said first electrode and second electrode at interval that said first electrode, second electrode and barrier film are arranged in the electrolyte solution; Said first electrode and second electrode comprise collector respectively and are formed on the electrode material on the said collector that said electrode material is the nano-perovskite structural ceramic material.
7. ultracapacitor according to claim 6 is characterized in that, is mixed with carbon aerogels or nano active charcoal in the said nano-perovskite structural ceramic material.
8. ultracapacitor according to claim 6 is characterized in that, said collector is processed by in aluminium, nickel, copper, magnesium, the titanium one or more; Perhaps,
Said collector is processed by in aluminium oxide, nickel oxide, cupric oxide, magnesia, the titanium oxide one or more.
9. ultracapacitor according to claim 6 is characterized in that said electrode material is formed on the said collector through sol-gel process, Metalorganic Chemical Vapor Deposition, pulsed laser deposition or radio-frequency magnetron sputter method.
10. ultracapacitor according to claim 6; It is characterized in that; Said nano-perovskite structural ceramic material is a modified Nano perovskite structure ceramic material; Wherein, said modified Nano perovskite structure ceramic material is one or more nano-perovskite structural ceramic material of in nano barium phthalate, mix calcium, magnesium, strontium, nickel, silicon, manganese, chromium or vanadium.
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| CN2012101053007A CN102646517A (en) | 2012-04-11 | 2012-04-11 | Supercapacitor and electrode thereof |
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| CN2012101053007A CN102646517A (en) | 2012-04-11 | 2012-04-11 | Supercapacitor and electrode thereof |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105047872A (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2015-11-11 | 齐齐哈尔大学 | Preparation method of nanometer nickel protoxide-nickel-silicon alloy lithium ion battery negative electrode material |
| CN108987125A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2018-12-11 | 云南大学 | Ca-Ti ore type stannate electrode material for super capacitor with high-specific capacitance super and preparation method thereof |
| CN109637836A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-04-16 | 山东大学 | A kind of manganous fluoride ammonium/manganese dioxide composite material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN1819081A (en) * | 2006-02-27 | 2006-08-16 | 东莞新能源电子科技有限公司 | Hyper-capacitor with high running voltage and production thereof |
| CN102148097A (en) * | 2010-12-03 | 2011-08-10 | 无锡索垠飞科技有限公司 | Preparation method for energy storage cell and high specific surface electrode of capacitor |
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2012
- 2012-04-11 CN CN2012101053007A patent/CN102646517A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1819081A (en) * | 2006-02-27 | 2006-08-16 | 东莞新能源电子科技有限公司 | Hyper-capacitor with high running voltage and production thereof |
| CN102148097A (en) * | 2010-12-03 | 2011-08-10 | 无锡索垠飞科技有限公司 | Preparation method for energy storage cell and high specific surface electrode of capacitor |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
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| YASUTAKA NAGAO等: "Activation of an ionic liquid electrolyte for electric double layer capacitors by addition of BaTiO3 to carbon electrodes", 《JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES》 * |
| 左晓希等: "超级电容器用活性炭电极的制备及电化学性能研究", 《华南师范大学学报》 * |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105047872A (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2015-11-11 | 齐齐哈尔大学 | Preparation method of nanometer nickel protoxide-nickel-silicon alloy lithium ion battery negative electrode material |
| CN108987125A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2018-12-11 | 云南大学 | Ca-Ti ore type stannate electrode material for super capacitor with high-specific capacitance super and preparation method thereof |
| CN109637836A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-04-16 | 山东大学 | A kind of manganous fluoride ammonium/manganese dioxide composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN109637836B (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2020-02-21 | 山东大学 | Ammonium manganese fluoride/manganese dioxide composite material and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20120822 |