CN102645351A

CN102645351A - Mass undisturbed soil sampling method

Info

Publication number: CN102645351A
Application number: CN2012101202800A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张建丰; 张蕾; 耿小江
Original assignee: XIAN BISHUI ENVIRONMENT NEW TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd; Xian University of Technology
Current assignee: XIAN BISHUI ENVIRONMENT NEW TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd; Xian University of Technology
Priority date: 2012-04-23
Filing date: 2012-04-23
Publication date: 2012-08-22
Anticipated expiration: 2032-04-23
Also published as: CN102645351B

Abstract

The invention discloses a mass undisturbed soil sampling method. According to the method, a soil box is vertically arranged at a selected sampling position with a box opening facing down, a loading platform and a counter weight are arranged at the top of the soil box so that the soil box comes into soil automatically, a ground anchor is respectively arranged at four corners of the soil box, and the corners at the top of the soil box are respectively connected with the corresponding ground anchors through steel wire hauling cables; soil around the side walls of the soil box is removed; and during the soil removing process, the four steel wire hauling cables are tensioned continuously with the continuous descending of the soil box till the soil box can take soil at the corresponding depth; then the counter weight and the loading platform are removed; a bracket and a steel base plate are used for cutting soil under the soil box; and finally the soil box are taken away and the soil sampling process is finished. The method provided by the invention has the following advantages: the used tools are simple and convenient to operate, and the sampled undisturbed soil is not damaged and can meet the requirement of an undisturbed soil test.

Description

A kind of soil basketing method of big volume undisturbed soil body

Technical field

The invention belongs to pedology test method technical field, be specifically related to a kind of soil basketing method of big volume undisturbed soil body.

Background technology

For evaporation and transpiration amount under the natural soil layer condition of studying exposed or growing plant; Chemical fertilizer or agricultural chemicals are to the holard and phreatic effect and influence; And the motion of the holard and maintenance, the soil water amount balance and the recharge of ground water often need take big volume undisturbed soil body to carry out the correlative study of controllable environment or state; Mostly test method is the original state soil body of taking is placed in the native case; Accurately measure its weight through weighing device, with the rule, particularly crop that obtain moisture movement and conversion rule to water consumption in the soil body; Utilize temperature in the various sensor determination soil bodys, salinity Changing Patterns such as (pollutant or nutrients) simultaneously, this weighing device is called lysimeter together with the experimental system of the soil body and mensuration system formation.Usually, the native case of lysimeter varies, and shape also is divided into square, rectangular parallelepiped and cylindrical etc.

Can find out, take the original state soil body just to become a pith of whole lysimeter experimentation, take the quality of original state soil body effect directly to affect the result of test, obtaining a kind of simple and easy and practical method, to take large-scale original-pack soil sample be necessary.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of soil basketing method of big volume undisturbed soil body, tool using is simple, and is easy to operate, and the original state soil body of taking to obtain is not damaged, and can satisfy the experiment needs of big volume undisturbed soil body.

The technical scheme that the present invention adopted is that a kind of soil basketing method of big volume undisturbed soil body is characterized in that concrete steps are following:

Step 1, vertically be placed on the selected position of fetching earth to native case case mouth down, and native case case mouth is closely contacted with the face of land;

Step 2, place the loading platform, above the loading platform, place counterweight, make native case under the effect of counterweight, cut in the soil body automatically at the top of native case;

Step 3, at four edges of native case fixing earth anchor respectively, with native case top the corner be connected with corresponding earth anchor through the steel wire traction rope respectively;

Step 4, adopt excavator, manual root out and the manual mode of getting of cutting removes the soil body around the wall of native case limit successively; When the soil body removes process; Along with native case continue move down, constantly strain four steel wire tractions rope, the soil in native case is got the degree of depth of requirement;

Step 5, remove counterweight and loading platform;

Step 6, use support and steel sole plate cut the soil body of native case below:

Two bottom sides difference placing rack and steel sole plate at native case; Fixing respectively first web member in the left and right sides of frame bottom; Be fixed for second web member that uses with the first web member corresponding matching in the left and right sides of steel sole plate respectively, between first web member of respective side and second web member, connect draw-gear, spur two draw-gears make steel sole plate slowly level cut bottom the native case; Thereby native case is separated with its bottom soil body, then native case and steel sole plate are fixed together;

Step 7, native case is removed, completion is fetched earth.

The shape of the front side surface of support for matching with native case, two first web members are a hanger, and two second web members are the base plate hook, and two draw-gears are chain block.

The cross-sectional surface of loading platform and counterweight is all even greater than the top surface area and the gravity of native case.

In the step 4; The concrete grammar that removes the soil body is: at first; The soil body around the wall of usage mining machine spoils case limit beyond the 50cm, the manual again soil body of rooting out beyond the wall 10cm of native case limit, the last manual native case limit wall residue soil body of vertically pruning; Remove in the process at the whole soil body, guaranteeing that native case foundation does not produce tilts and caves in and do not destroy the inner soil body of native case.

In the step 4, when the soil body removed process, available suitable quantity of water was soaked the soil of native case bottom, and increased counterweight.

The beneficial effect of the soil basketing method of the big volume undisturbed soil of the present invention body is: tool using is simple in structure; Easy to operate; The original state soil body of taking to obtain is not damaged; Can satisfy the experiment needs of big volume undisturbed soil body, for various factors Changing Pattern in the research nature soil layer under testing laboratory's condition provides feasible condition.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the native case and structural representation after earth anchor is connected among the present invention;

Fig. 2 is support and the structural representation of steel sole plate among the present invention.

Wherein, 1. native case, 2. earth anchor, 3. counterweight, 4. loading platform, 5. steel wire traction rope, 6. steel sole plate, 7. support, 8. draw-gear.

Embodiment

The soil basketing method of a kind of big volume undisturbed soil body of the present invention, concrete steps are following:

Step 1, vertically be placed on the selected position of fetching earth to 1 case mouth down of native case, and 1 case mouth of native case is closely contacted with the face of land.The position of fetching earth should be chosen in the zone of opposed flattened as far as possible.

Step 2, as shown in Figure 1 is placed loading platform 4 at the top of native case 1, above loading platform 4, places counterweight 3, and native case 1 is cut in the soil body under the effect of counterweight 3 automatically.The cross-sectional surface of loading platform 4 and counterweight 3 is all even greater than the top surface area and the gravity of native case 1.The weight of counterweight 3 is decided according to on-site soil water cut and native case 1 size.

Step 3, at four edges of native case 1 fixing earth anchor 2 respectively, with native case 1 top the corner be connected with corresponding earth anchor 2 through steel wire traction rope 5 respectively.

Step 4, adopt excavator, manual root out and the manual mode of getting of cutting removes the soil body around the native case 1 limit wall successively; When the soil body removes process; Along with native case 1 continue move down, constantly strain four steel wire tractions rope 5, the soil in native case 1 is got the degree of depth of requirement.When the soil body removed process, if when native case 1 does not move down or move down very slowly automatically, available suitable quantity of water was soaked the soil of native case 1 bottom, and increases counterweight 3.

The concrete grammar that removes the soil body is: at first; The soil body around the usage mining machine spoils case 1 limit wall beyond the 50cm; Re-use spade and slowly root out the soil body beyond the native case 1 limit wall 10cm by hand; The last manual native case 1 limit wall residue soil body of vertically pruning removes in the process at the whole soil body, guarantees that native case 1 foundation does not produce and caves in and do not destroy the inner soil body of native case 1.

Step 5, remove counterweight 3 and loading platform 4.

Step 6, as shown in Figure 2, use the soil body of support 7 and the native case of steel sole plate 6 cuttings 1 below:

Two bottom sides difference placing rack 7 and steel sole plate 6 at native case 1; Fixing respectively first web member in the left and right sides of support 7 bottoms; Be fixed for second web member that uses with the first web member corresponding matching respectively in the left and right sides of steel sole plate 6; Between first web member of respective side and second web member, connect draw-gear 8; Spur two draw-gears 8 make steel sole plate 6 slowly level cut native case 1 bottom, thereby native case 1 is separated with its bottom soil body, then native case 1 and steel sole plate 6 are fixed together.

The shape of the front side surface of support 7 for matching with native case 1, two first web members are a hanger, and two second web members are the base plate hook, and two draw-gears 8 are chain block.

Step 7, native case 1 is removed, completion is fetched earth.

Claims

1. the soil basketing method of one kind big volume undisturbed soil body is characterized in that concrete steps are following:

Step 1, vertically be placed on the selected position of fetching earth to native case (1) case mouth down, and native case (1) case mouth is closely contacted with the face of land;

Step 2, place loading platform (4), place counterweight (3), make native case (1) under the effect of counterweight (3), cut in the soil body automatically in loading platform (4) top at the top of native case (1);

Step 3, at four edges of native case (1) fixing earth anchor (2) respectively, with native case (1) top the corner be connected with corresponding earth anchor (2) through steel wire traction rope (5) respectively;

Step 4, adopt excavator, manual root out and the manual mode of getting of cutting removes the soil body around the wall of native case (1) limit successively; When the soil body removes process; Along with native case (1) continue move down, constantly strain four steel wire tractions ropes (5), the soil in native case (1) is got the degree of depth of requirement;

Step 5, remove counterweight (3) and loading platform (4);

Step 6, use support (7) and steel sole plate (6) cut the soil body of native case (1) below:

Two bottom sides difference placing rack (7) and steel sole plate (6) at native case (1); Fixing respectively first web member in the left and right sides of said support (7) bottom; Be fixed for second web member that uses with the first web member corresponding matching respectively in the left and right sides of said steel sole plate (6); Between first web member of respective side and second web member, connect draw-gear (8); Spur two draw-gears (8) make steel sole plate (6) slowly level cut native case (1) bottom, thereby native case (1) is separated with its bottom soil body, then native case (1) and steel sole plate (6) are fixed together;

Step 7, native case (1) is removed, completion is fetched earth.

2. according to the soil basketing method of the described big volume undisturbed soil body of claim 1; It is characterized in that; The shape of the front side surface of said support (7) for matching with native case (1); Said two first web members are a hanger, and said two second web members are the base plate hook, and said two draw-gears (8) are chain block.

3. according to the soil basketing method of the described big volume undisturbed soil body of claim 1, it is characterized in that the cross-sectional surface of said loading platform (4) and counterweight (3) is all even greater than the top surface area and the gravity of native case (1).

4. according to the soil basketing method of the described big volume undisturbed soil body of claim 1, it is characterized in that, in the step 4; The concrete grammar that removes the soil body is: at first; The soil body around the wall of usage mining machine spoils case (1) limit beyond the 50cm, the manual again soil body of rooting out beyond native case (1) the limit wall 10cm, last manual native case (1) the limit wall residue soil body of vertically pruning; Remove in the process at the whole soil body, guaranteeing that native case (1) foundation does not produce tilts and caves in and do not destroy the inner soil body of native case (1).

5. according to the soil basketing method of the described big volume undisturbed soil body of claim 1, it is characterized in that in the step 4, when the soil body removed process, available suitable quantity of water was soaked the soil of native case (1) bottom, and increased counterweight (3).