CN102644658B - 用于轴承系统的滚针轴承 - Google Patents

用于轴承系统的滚针轴承 Download PDF

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CN102644658B
CN102644658B CN201210038055.2A CN201210038055A CN102644658B CN 102644658 B CN102644658 B CN 102644658B CN 201210038055 A CN201210038055 A CN 201210038055A CN 102644658 B CN102644658 B CN 102644658B
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bearing
bearing sleeve
needle
raceway
cone
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CN102644658A (zh
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彼得·弗里德里希
米夏埃尔·克吕格尔
莱因哈特·马利克
斯特芬·塞比西
海因茨·夏法斯
马蒂亚斯·菲克
曼弗雷德·温克勒
约翰内斯·恩德斯
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Fifth Schaeffler Investment Management & CoKg GmbH
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Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/22—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
    • F16C19/44—Needle bearings
    • F16C19/46—Needle bearings with one row or needles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/22—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
    • F16C19/34—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/36—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with a single row of rollers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/22—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
    • F16C19/44—Needle bearings
    • F16C19/46—Needle bearings with one row or needles
    • F16C19/466—Needle bearings with one row or needles comprising needle rollers and an outer ring, i.e. subunit without inner ring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C35/00—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers
    • F16C35/04—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers in the case of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C35/06—Mounting or dismounting of ball or roller bearings; Fixing them onto shaft or in housing
    • F16C35/063—Fixing them on the shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C35/00—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers
    • F16C35/04—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers in the case of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C35/06—Mounting or dismounting of ball or roller bearings; Fixing them onto shaft or in housing
    • F16C35/067—Fixing them in a housing

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于轴承系统的滚针轴承，该滚针轴承具有：在圆锥形外滚道(3)与圆锥形内滚道(9)之间滚动的以保持架引导的圆柱形滚针(6)。为了简单且更为成本低廉地制造，以及为了使滚针轴承的尺寸保持得尽量小，依据本发明：两个圆锥形滚道(3、9)中的至少一个是非切削地制造的薄壁式的轴承套筒(2)的组成部分，该轴承套筒(2)带有圆柱形外压合面(4)，以用于在壳体(1)中进行过盈压合。

Description

用于轴承系统的滚针轴承
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于轴承系统的滚针轴承，该滚针轴承具有在圆锥形外滚道与圆锥形内滚道之间滚动的以保持架引导的圆柱形滚针。
背景技术
在DE 21 30 953 A1中介绍并示出了这样的滚针轴承。公知的滚针轴承由带有圆锥形滚道的实心的外环、以及相应的带有与外滚道平行的圆锥形内滚道的实心的内环构成，以保持架引导的圆柱形滚针在该内环与外环之间滚动。由此，此滚针轴承由与通常的圆锥滚子轴承相同的元件构造，区别在于：圆锥形的滚道平行地分布，并且滚针与之相应地呈圆柱形地实施。
但是，由于轴承环的实心的实施方案，该公知的滚针轴承庞大而且很重的，从而使得该滚针轴承在制造中相对昂贵，并且对许多应用场合来说尺寸过大。
发明内容
基于此背景，本发明以如下任务为基础，即：提出一种易于组装的而且能成本低廉地制造的、带有圆锥形滚道的滚针轴承。
为了解决此任务，在用于如下轴承系统的滚针轴承中，其中，该轴承系统带有在圆锥形外滚道与圆锥形内滚道之间滚动的、以保持架引导的、开头提及类型的圆柱形滚针，提出：两个圆锥形滚道中的至少一个为非切削地制造的薄壁式轴承套筒的组成部分，该轴承套筒带有圆柱形的外压合面或内压合面，以用于在轴上或在壳体中进行过盈压合(Pressverband)。
能成本低廉地制造这样的滚针轴承，这是因为轴承套筒能薄壁式地且非切削地带有圆锥形滚道地制造。尤其能在如下应用场合使用该滚针轴承，在该应用场合中，带有实心轴承环的滚针轴承尺寸过大。此外，轴承间距很大而且带有轴倾斜姿态的应用是可行的应用领域。此外，还涉及在变速器中和在万向节衬套中的应用。此外，能实现轴倾斜或所需要的轴向推移。
当两个圆锥形滚道中只有一个是非切削制造的薄壁式的轴承套筒的组成部分时，两个圆锥形滚道中的另外那个可以是轴或壳体的组成部分，从而使得滚针一方面在轴承套筒之内或之上滚动，并且另一方面在轴上或壳体内的相应的圆锥形滚道之上或之内滚动。
同样可行的是，即：两个圆锥形滚道各自是一个非切削制造的薄壁式的轴承套筒的组成部分，从而能凭借过盈压合将其中一个轴承套筒以其圆柱形外压合面布置在壳体内并且将另外那个轴承套筒以圆柱形内压合面布置在轴上。
当将至少一个非切削制造的薄壁式的轴承套筒在轴端部上以圆柱形外压合面布置在壳体中时，能将该轴承系统以简单的方式借助一体地成型在轴承套筒上的盖来封闭，其中，在一侧闭合的轴承套筒具有圆锥形外滚道。
滚针轴承能实施为预装配单元，方式为：将以保持架引导的滚针推入轴承套筒内或推到轴承套筒上，并且接下来，在轴承套筒的一个或两个端部上非切削地成型有翻边，用于保持和引导保持架。如果涉及的是在一侧闭合的轴承套筒，则仅需要一个翻边。如果轴承套筒在两个侧均开放的话，则在轴承套筒的两个端部上均设置有翻边。
附图说明
下面，在三个优选实施方式中参考附图来详细阐释依据本发明构造的滚针轴承。在此：
图1示出用于带有布置在壳体内的轴承套筒的轴承系统的、依据本发明的滚针轴承，
图2示出用于带有布置在轴上的轴承套筒的轴承系统的、依据本发明的滚针轴承，以及
图3示出用于带有在一侧通过盖封闭的轴承套筒的轴承系统的、依据本发明的滚针轴承。
具体实施方式
依据图1，将外轴承套筒2借助用于过盈压合的圆柱形外压合面4插入壳体1的孔中，并且附加地借助紧固环5在轴向上对该外轴承套筒2加以紧固。当滚道的锥度很小并且所形成的轴向力相对较小时，能取消紧固环5。外轴承套筒2具有圆锥形的外滚道3，该外滚道3与轴8的阶梯式的圆锥形轴端部22的圆锥形内滚道9平行地分布。在两个平行的圆锥形滚道3、9之间，布置有在保持架7内引导的滚针6，由此，该滚针6一方面在外轴承套筒2的圆锥形外滚道3上滚动，并且另一方面在阶梯式的圆锥形轴端部22的圆锥形内滚道9上滚动。以公知的方式非切削地而且呈薄壁式地以改型工序由片材制成外轴承套筒2。一般来说当轴8由合适的钢合金制造时，阶梯式的轴端部20上的圆锥形内滚道9必须具有适合于相应应用场合的硬度。
在图2中示出的滚针轴承的滚针6直接在壳体10内的圆锥形外滚道11上滚动，以及在内轴承套筒12的圆锥形内滚道13上滚动，并且同样通过保持架7加以引导。在此情况下，将内轴承套筒12以其圆柱形压合面17推压在轴15的阶梯式的圆柱形轴端部16上，并且将内轴承套筒12通过紧固环14在轴向上保持在阶梯式的轴端部16上。
通过盖20在一侧封闭图3中示出的轴承套筒18，盖20与外轴承套筒18一体地非切削地制造。轴承套筒18与在保持架7内引导的滚针6一起构成预装配结构单元，方式为：在将于保持架7内引导的滚针6装入后，在轴承套筒18的远离盖的端部上成型有翻边21。能将该预装配结构单元例如装入依据图1的壳体1中，并且通过那里所示出的紧固环5加以紧固，由此，壳体1中的滚针轴承对外完全闭合。
同样可行的是，将依据图1、2和3的实施方式组合起来，方式为：将外轴承套筒2或18装入壳体1中，并且将内轴承套筒12相应于图2地推压到呈圆柱形实施的阶梯式的轴端部16上。
此外，也可行的是，依据图1的外轴承套筒2和/或依据图2的内轴承套筒12在两个轴承套筒端部上设有翻边，以便沿轴向保持及引导在保持架7内引导的滚针6，从而在该实施例方式中也能实现预制造的结构单元。
当滚道的锥度相对于图1至3中所示出的滚道镜像地构造时，那么同样利用通过本发明限定的结构原理。
附图标记列表
1壳体
2外轴承套筒
3圆锥形外滚道
4圆柱形压合面
5紧固环
6滚针
7保持架
8轴
9圆锥形内滚道
10壳体
11圆锥形外滚道
12内轴承套筒
13圆锥形内滚道
14紧固环
15轴
16阶梯式的、圆柱形轴端部
17圆柱形压合面
18外轴承套筒
19圆锥形外滚道
20盖
21翻边
22阶梯式的圆锥形轴端部

Claims (6)

1.用于轴承系统的滚针轴承，所述滚针轴承具有在圆锥形外滚道(3、11、19)与圆锥形内滚道(9、13)之间滚动的以保持架引导的圆柱形滚针(6)，其特征在于，两个所述圆锥形滚道中的至少一个(3、13、19)是非切削地制造的薄壁式的轴承套筒(2、12、18)的组成部分，所述轴承套筒(2、12、18)带有圆柱形的外压合面(4)，以用于在壳体(1、10)内进行过盈压合；
或所述轴承套筒(2、12、18)带有圆柱形的内压合面(17)，以用于在轴(8、15)上进行过盈压合。
2.根据权利要求1所述的滚针轴承，其特征在于，两个圆锥形滚道(3、9；11、13)各自是一个非切削地制造的薄壁式的轴承套筒(2、12、18)的组成部分。
3.根据权利要求1所述的滚针轴承，其特征在于，两个所述圆锥形滚道中的一个(3、13、19)是非切削地制造的薄壁式的轴承套筒(2、12、18)的组成部分，以及两个所述圆锥形滚道中的另外那个(9、11)是所述轴(8)或所述壳体(10)的组成部分。
4.根据权利要求1、2或3所述的滚针轴承，其特征在于，至少其中一个非切削地制造的薄壁式的所述轴承套筒(18)借助一体地成型的盖(20)在一侧被闭合。
5.根据权利要求4所述的滚针轴承，其特征在于，在一侧闭合的所述轴承套筒(18)具有所述圆锥形外滚道(19)。
6.根据权利要求1所述的滚针轴承，其特征在于，在所述轴承套筒(2、12、18)的至少一个端部上，非切削地成型有翻边(21)，以用于保持和引导所述保持架(7)。
CN201210038055.2A 2011-02-17 2012-02-17 用于轴承系统的滚针轴承 Active CN102644658B (zh)

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DE102013109084A1 (de) * 2013-08-22 2015-02-26 Trw Automotive Gmbh Lenkgetriebe mit Lager
EP3864307A4 (en) 2018-10-09 2022-06-22 Magna PT B.V. & Co. KG TAPERED ROLLER BEARING

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US5529402A (en) * 1994-10-26 1996-06-25 The Torrington Company Tapered drawn cup needle bearing
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JP2002235753A (ja) * 2001-02-09 2002-08-23 Ntn Corp シェル型ころ軸受
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JP2005042879A (ja) * 2003-07-25 2005-02-17 Ntn Corp 鋼板製軌道輪付きころ軸受
EP1666745B1 (en) * 2003-09-16 2016-11-09 NTN Corporation Shell-type needle roller bearing, supporting structure for compressor main shaft, and supporting structure for piston pump drive section
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JP5050619B2 (ja) * 2007-04-13 2012-10-17 日本精工株式会社 円すいころ軸受
CN201218278Y (zh) * 2008-05-07 2009-04-08 高黎明 外圈滚道带凸度的滚针轴承

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CN102644658A (zh) 2012-08-22
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