CN102643637B - Clear fracturing fluid - Google Patents
Clear fracturing fluid Download PDFInfo
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- CN102643637B CN102643637B CN 201210077974 CN201210077974A CN102643637B CN 102643637 B CN102643637 B CN 102643637B CN 201210077974 CN201210077974 CN 201210077974 CN 201210077974 A CN201210077974 A CN 201210077974A CN 102643637 B CN102643637 B CN 102643637B
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Abstract
The invention relates to clear fracturing fluid, which is used for fracturing treatment of a hypotonic and water-sensitive reservoir, and comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.5-5 percent of dimethyl octadecyl ethoxy quaternary ammonium nitrate; 0.2-2 percent of sulfosalicylic acid triethanolamine ester; 0.5-2 percent of potassium chloride; and the balance of water, wherein the weight percentage of the components is a hundred percent. A preparation method comprises the following steps of: adding clear water into a mixing liquid tank, adding the potassium chloride and the sulfosalicylic acid triethanolamine ester under a stirring condition, uniformly stirring, adding the dimethyl octadecyl ethoxy quaternary ammonium nitrate, and stirring for 15 minutes after adding the materials, so that the concentration or the viscosity of liquid in the upper part and the lower part of the tank is uniform. The clear fracturing fluid has the effects that: the clear fracturing fluid is suitable for fracturing the reservoir at the temperature of 10 DEG C-110 DEG C, the damage caused by residues of the fracturing liquid and reservoir water sensitivity can be reduced, and the crude output is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the oil extraction in oil field technical field, the particularly fracturing liquid of oil-gas field fracturing transformation usefulness is a kind of clean fracturing fluid of hypotonic, water-sensitive reservoir.
Background technology
In the exploration and development process of hydrocarbon-bearing pool, usually can find some hyposmosis, sensitive reservoir, such as North China Oilfield paulownia 47 fault blocks, porosity 11.9～20.0%, rate of permeation 0.238～4.41 μ m
2* 10
-3, be mesopore, hypotonic, sensitive reservoir.The polymer fracturing fluid systems such as this type of reservoir employing guanidine glue are carried out fracturing reform, not only can in stratum and supporting crack, stay the part residue, also can cause and swelling clay mineral, dispersion and migration in the rock stratum and supporting crack be caused than major injury.Therefore, in order to improve fracturing effect hypotonic, water-sensitive reservoir, need to develop the anti-good low residue fracturing fluid system of water sensitivity.For this reason, development has optimized cleaning (visco-elasticity active water) fracturing liquid.Because the tensio-active agent (dimethyl stearyl hydroxyethyl quaternary ammonium nitrate) in the prescription is a kind of viscosifying agent, it is again a kind of good clay stabilizer, composite with inorganic salt clay stabilizer (Repone K), better effects if, the water-sensitive injury that has solved preferably of the fracturing fluid residue and reservoir.Fracturing fluid system of the present invention preparation is easy to use, without residue, the advantage such as preventive effect of expansion is good, little to reservoir damage, the heatproof anti-shear performance is good, can satisfy needs hypotonic, the transformation of water-sensitive reservoir fracturing.
" clean fracturing fluid and the application thereof " of China Petroleum Univ.'s application, publication number: CN101481608, this invention relates to a kind of clean fracturing fluid and application thereof, and fracturing liquid is as follows by the mass parts component: 50～80 parts of thickening materials, 10～35 parts of salicylates, 2～5 parts of gel breakers.Clean fracturing fluid is used for oil field compression fracture, after mixing each component by mass parts, site of deployment is made into the aqueous solution of 2～6% mass percents, stir, then squeeze into the down-hole with fracturing propping agents, the clean fracturing fluid fracturing propping agents of this invention are uniformly dispersed, broken glue is thorough.This of the fracturing fluid weak point is: 1. do not have Repone K in the prescription; 2. the main component of thickening material is not described; 3. of the fracturing fluid adaptation reservoir temperature etc. is not described.
" non-injury fracturing fluid " of Daqing Oil Field Co., Ltd's application, publication number: CN1439691 relates to the composition that non-injury fracturing fluid is used in the oil field.There is certain shortcoming in the multiple PLANT GUM WATER BASE FRACTURING FLUIDS that is of using in pressure break at present when producing and use, as need abundant swelling when preparing; And amount of additives reaches 13 kinds in the fracturing liquid, and prescription is complicated; According to the analysis demonstration that frac job carries out, the polymkeric substance that pumps into the on average row of returning only has 35～45%, and a large amount of polymer residues is trapped in the crack, and wherein contained insolubles can cause certain injury to the stratum; Fracturing liquid is large to the injury on stratum, and is long-term.Formulated by host hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, auxiliary agent sodium salicylate and water, by weight percentage, hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide accounts for 0.1～4%, and sodium salicylate accounts for 0.1～1%, and water accounts for 95～99.8%.The present invention has prescription simply, and is with low cost, and little to the injury of stratum core permeability, recovery of core permeability is high, noresidue, the easily advantage of the row of returning.This of the fracturing fluid weak point is: 1. do not have Repone K in the prescription; The shortcomings such as 2. thickening material is hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, and is poorer than octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride thickening capabilities, that heat resistance is poor, price is high.
" harmless clean fracturing fluid " of Shaanxi Hai'an Industry Co., Ltd.'s application, publication number: CN101298555, a kind of harmless clean fracturing fluid is provided, comprise quaternary ammonium alkyl salt mixture, gegenion salt, low-carbon (LC) alcohol and water, concentration of aqueous solution is 2～6%, by weight the quaternary ammonium alkyl salt mixture: gegenion salt: low-carbon alcohol=6: 3: 1.On-the-spot when using clean fracturing fluid, with the raw material of used composition in proportion, under agitation condition, be added to the water successively, when to be made into concentration be 2～6% the aqueous solution, higher visco-elasticity is arranged, have the sand of taking function, satisfy the on-the-spot fracturing liquid of oil-gas field fully and take the sand requirement.The present invention has prescription simply, and with low cost, leak-off is little, and recovery of core permeability is high, noresidue, the characteristics such as easy discharging.One wherein said quaternary ammonium alkyl salt mixture is less than 12 carbon alkyl quaternary ammonium saltss, 12～14 carbon alkyl quaternary ammonium saltss and 16～18 carbon alkyl quaternary ammonium saltss, and in the alkyl quaternary ammonium salts different lengths carbochain mixture, calculate short carbon chain with weight ratio: middle carbochain: long carbochain=1: 3: 6, wherein said gegenion salt is potassium hypochlorite, and wherein said low-carbon alcohol is ethanol or Virahol.This of the fracturing fluid weak point is: 1. do not have Repone K in the prescription; 2. thickening material is the mixture of 12～18 carbon alkyl quaternary ammonium saltss, and is poorer than octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride thickening capabilities, heat resistance is poor.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is: a kind of clean fracturing fluid is provided, improves the fracturing effect of hyposmosis, water-sensitive reservoir, reduce fracturing liquid to the injury on stratum, improve the pressing crack construction success ratio, reach the transformation reservoir and can protect oil reservoir again.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
Material salient features and the manufacturer of preparation clean fracturing fluid:
1, dimethyl stearyl hydroxyethyl quaternary ammonium nitrate.(Chemical Industry Press publishes in January, 1999, by " industrial surface activity agent " book of Huang Hongzhou chief editor, the 25th page); Character: brown oily thick liquid, effective content 55～60%, the pH value 6～8 of 1% aqueous solution.At room temperature the organic solvent such as soluble in water and acetone, butanols, benzene, chloroform dissolves in the organic solvents such as chlorination carbon, ethylene dichloride, vinylbenzene in the time of 50 degrees centigrade.5% acid, alkali are stablized, decomposed in the time of more than 180 ℃.Purposes: be used as the static inhibitor of the spinning oil of the synthon such as terylene, polyvinyl chloride fibre, polyvinyl, also can be used as the static inhibitor of polyester, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene film and plastics, also be used for the dyeing dye leveller of cyclization.Production unit: auxiliary reagent factory, Shanghai, Zhejiang auxiliary agent head factory, auxiliary reagent factory, Shenyang, electrochemical factory of jiangsu wuxi Chemical Group company.
2, sulphosalicylic acid triethanolamine ester.By the basic Whitfield's ointment of 5-sulphur (acid), trolamine and water reaction preparation; Weak yellow liquid, density 1.05 ± 0.01g/cm
3, soluble in water, the pH value 6～8 of 1% aqueous solution.Glue crosslinking agent and temperature stabilising agent as clean fracturing fluid.
3, the basic Whitfield's ointment of 5-sulphur (acid).(in January, 1999, Chemical Industry Press publishes, " Organic Chemicals " book of the boat chief editor of department, the 720th page); Character: white crystals or crystalline powder, if be pink xln during with the trace iron ion.Water absorbability is arranged.198 ℃ of fusing points (decomposition), 120 ℃ of anhydrous fusing points.Soluble in water and ethanol can be dissolved in ether, usually is dissolved in polar solvent.Purposes: the intermediate as synthetic dyestuff, tensio-active agent, catalyzer and medical doxycycline also can be used as lubricating oil additive.Production unit: Shanghai the 5th pharmaceutical factory, cement chemical plant, Shanghai etc.
4, trolamine.(in January, 1999, Chemical Industry Press publishes, " Organic Chemicals " book of the boat chief editor of department, the 439th page); Character: colourless or faint yellow transparent thick liquid, 21.2 ℃ of fusing points, 360 ℃ of boiling points, relative density 1.1242, soluble in water and ethanol.Purposes: can be used as the cleaning liquor that removes carbon dioxide in gas or hydrogen sulfide, the formed ester of trolamine and higher fatty acid is widely used as washing composition, emulsifying agent, wetting agent and lubricant, also is used for preparation cosmetic face cream.Trolamine also can be used as sanitas and water-resisting agent, and analytical reagent and solvent.Production unit: Liaoyuan petroleum chemical plant, Jiamusi petroleum chemical plant etc.
5, Repone K, industrial goods, white solid small-particle or powder, K20 content 〉=60%.
Clean fracturing fluid, each weight percentages of components is:
Dimethyl stearyl hydroxyethyl quaternary ammonium nitrate, 0.5～5%;
The sulphosalicylic acid triethanolamine ester, 0.2～2%;
Repone K, 0.5～2%;
All the other are water, and each weight percentages of components sum is absolutely.
The sulphosalicylic acid triethanolamine ester, each weight percentages of components is: the basic Whitfield's ointment of 5-sulphur (acid), 28～35%; Trolamine, 25～35%; Water, 35～50%, each weight percentages of components sum is absolutely.
The compound method of clean fracturing fluid:
At first, preparation sulphosalicylic acid triethanolamine ester.Add entry and trolamine at reactor, add the basic Whitfield's ointment of 5-sulphur (acid) under agitation condition, heat to 60～65 ℃, restir reaction 30 minutes stops to stir rear temperature and is down to room temperature, obtains the sulphosalicylic acid triethanolamine ester.
By the temperature of pressure break oil reservoir 10 ℃～65 ℃ the time, the method of preparation clean fracturing fluid: at first in the large tank of dosing, add entry, under agitation condition, add Repone K and sulphosalicylic acid triethanolamine ester, add until completely dissolved dimethyl stearyl hydroxyethyl quaternary ammonium nitrate, under agitation condition, make concentration and the viscosity uniformity of large pot liquid, it is 10～65 ℃ that the clean fracturing fluid that obtains is used for by the temperature of pressure break oil reservoir.
By the temperature of pressure break oil reservoir 65～110 ℃ the time, the method of preparation clean fracturing fluid: at first in the large tank of dosing, add entry, under agitation condition, add 1/2～2/3 of Repone K and sulphosalicylic acid triethanolamine ester consumption, add again until completely dissolved dimethyl stearyl hydroxyethyl quaternary ammonium nitrate, under agitation condition, make concentration or the viscosity uniformity of large pot liquid, add remaining sulphosalicylic acid triethanolamine ester during pressing crack construction on the pressure break truck-mounted blender, it is 65～110 ℃ that the clean fracturing fluid that obtains is used for by the temperature of pressure break oil reservoir again.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: clean fracturing fluid of the present invention, taken into full account the compatibility of of the fracturing fluid rheological property and reservoir, solved preferably the water-sensitive injury of of the fracturing fluid residue and reservoir, little to reservoir damage.Be fit to 10 ℃～110 ℃ of reservoir temperatures, the clean fracturing fluid preparation is easy to use, without residue, the advantage such as preventive effect of expansion is good, the heatproof anti-shear performance is good, can satisfy needs hypotonic, the transformation of water-sensitive reservoir fracturing.Have following features:
1, clean fracturing fluid pH value 6～8, crosslinking time is adjustable at 1～3 minute;
2, frictional resistance is low, and frictional resistance only is 40～50% of water;
3, anti-shear performance is good, 15 ℃～100 ℃, sheared 2 hours continuously viscosity 〉=30mPas during 170s-1;
4, broken colloidality can be good, at 15 ℃～100 ℃ constant-temperature enclosed placement 0.5h～16h, breaking glue solution viscosity≤5mPas;
5, good to the anti-clayswelling stabilising effect, anti-swollen rate 〉=90%;
6, little to reservoir damage, to core damage rate≤10%.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: Hancheng coal bed gas well WL1-001 well 11# coal seam buried depth 869～874m, 36 ℃ of temperature.Each weight percentages of components of clean fracturing fluid is: dimethyl stearyl hydroxyethyl quaternary ammonium nitrate, 0.5%; The sulphosalicylic acid triethanolamine ester, 0.2%; Repone K, 1%; Clear water, 98.3%.
The clean fracturing fluid process for preparation: preparation sulphosalicylic acid triethanolamine ester: each weight percentages of components of sulphosalicylic acid triethanolamine ester is: the basic Whitfield's ointment of 5-sulphur (acid), 30%; Trolamine, 30%; Water, 40%.Add clear water and trolamine at reactor first, add the basic Whitfield's ointment of 5-sulphur (acid) under agitation condition, heat 62 ℃, stirring reaction 30 minutes stops to stir rear temperature and is down to room temperature, obtains the sulphosalicylic acid triethanolamine ester.
Preparation clean fracturing fluid: at first in the large tank of dosing, add clear water, under agitation condition, add Repone K and sulphosalicylic acid triethanolamine ester, add again dimethyl stearyl hydroxyethyl quaternary ammonium nitrate after the dissolving fully, material adds rear stirring 15 minutes, make concentration and the viscosity uniformity of large pot liquid, obtain the clean fracturing fluid of this well.
WL1-001 well 11# coal seam adds sand 63.55m
3, average sand ratio is 32%, high sand ratio reaches 55%; Pump drainage is asked product after the pressure break, daily gas 2000m
3, gas production rate is more than a times of active water fractured well (Lin Jing is with layer).
Embodiment 2: western 6-47 well fractured well section 1344.0～1398.0m, and 55 ℃ of reservoir temperatures, each weight percentages of components of clean fracturing fluid is: dimethyl stearyl hydroxyethyl quaternary ammonium nitrate, 0.8%; The sulphosalicylic acid triethanolamine ester, 0.4%; Repone K, 1%; Clear water, 97.8%.
Preparation sulphosalicylic acid triethanolamine ester: each weight percentages of components of sulphosalicylic acid triethanolamine ester is: the basic Whitfield's ointment of 5-sulphur (acid), 29%; Trolamine, 32%; Water, 39%.Add clear water and trolamine at reactor first, add the basic Whitfield's ointment of 5-sulphur (acid) under agitation condition, heat 65 ℃, stirring reaction 30 minutes obtains the sulphosalicylic acid triethanolamine ester.
The preparation clean fracturing fluid: at first add clear water in the large tank of dosing, add Repone K and sulphosalicylic acid triethanolamine ester under agitation condition, add dimethyl stearyl hydroxyethyl quaternary ammonium nitrate after the dissolving fully again, material adds rear stirring 20 minutes.Record concentration and the viscosity uniformity of large pot liquid, obtain the clean fracturing fluid of this well.
Before the 6-47 well pressure break of west, produce oil 0.12m
3/ t, water 0.7m
3/ t; Produce oil 6.32m after the pressure break
3/ t, water 1.30m
3/ t.
Embodiment 3: paulownia 47-43x well fractured well section 2254.0～2269.6m, and 83 ℃ of reservoir temperatures, each weight percentages of components of clean fracturing fluid is: dimethyl stearyl hydroxyethyl quaternary ammonium nitrate, 2.5%; The sulphosalicylic acid triethanolamine ester, 1%; Repone K, 1.5%; Clear water, 95%.
The clean fracturing fluid process for preparation: preparation sulphosalicylic acid triethanolamine ester: each weight percentages of components of sulphosalicylic acid triethanolamine ester is: the basic Whitfield's ointment of 5-sulphur (acid), 28%; Trolamine, 26%; Water, 46%.Add clear water and trolamine at reactor first, add the basic Whitfield's ointment of 5-sulphur (acid) under agitation condition, heat 68 ℃, stirring reaction 30 minutes obtains the sulphosalicylic acid triethanolamine ester.
In the large tank of dosing, add clear water, under agitation condition, add Repone K, add 1/2 of sulphosalicylic acid triethanolamine ester consumption, add again dimethyl stearyl hydroxyethyl quaternary ammonium nitrate after the dissolving fully, material adds rear stirring 20 minutes, makes concentration or the viscosity uniformity of large pot liquid.When pressing crack construction, on the pressure break truck-mounted blender, add again remaining sulphosalicylic acid triethanolamine ester.
Paulownia 47-43x well is used hydroxypropyl guar fracturing liquid pressure break, adding ceramic 32.39m for the first time
3, suction daily output crude oil 3.5t after the pressure break; Use for the second time clean fracturing fluid pressure break, adding ceramic 37.58m
3, 5mm oil nozzle blowing daily output crude oil 10.64t after the pressure break.
Embodiment 4: stay 416-23 well fractured well section 2621.0-2652.6m, 96 ℃ of reservoir temperatures.Each weight percentages of components of clean fracturing fluid is: dimethyl stearyl hydroxyethyl quaternary ammonium nitrate, 3.5%; The sulphosalicylic acid triethanolamine ester, 1.5%; Repone K, 1%; Clear water, 94%.
The clean fracturing fluid process for preparation: preparation sulphosalicylic acid triethanolamine ester: each weight percentages of components of sulphosalicylic acid triethanolamine ester is: the basic Whitfield's ointment of 5-sulphur (acid), 33%; Trolamine, 30%; Water, 37%.Add clear water and trolamine at reactor first, add the basic Whitfield's ointment of 5-sulphur (acid) under agitation condition, heat 65 ℃, stirring reaction 30 minutes stops to stir rear temperature and is down to room temperature, obtains the sulphosalicylic acid triethanolamine ester.
Add clear water in the large tank of dosing, add Repone K under agitation condition, add 2/3 of sulphosalicylic acid triethanolamine ester consumption, add dimethyl stearyl hydroxyethyl quaternary ammonium nitrate after the dissolving fully again, material adds rear stirring 20 minutes.Concentration or the viscosity uniformity of large pot liquid.The sulphosalicylic acid triethanolamine ester that when pressing crack construction, on the pressure break truck-mounted blender, adds again remainder.
Stay the front produce oil 1.61m of 416-23 well pressure break
3/ t, water 0.4m
3/ t; Produce oil 8.89m after the pressure break
3/ t, water 4.30m
3/ t.
Embodiment 5: wild goose 9-8x well fractured well section 2941.0～2966.0m, and thickness 19.4m/4 layer, 110 ℃ of temperature, each weight percentages of components of clean fracturing fluid is: dimethyl stearyl hydroxyethyl quaternary ammonium nitrate, 5%; The sulphosalicylic acid triethanolamine ester, 2%; Repone K, 1%; Clear water, 92%.
The clean fracturing fluid process for preparation: preparation sulphosalicylic acid triethanolamine ester: each weight percentages of components of sulphosalicylic acid triethanolamine ester is: the basic Whitfield's ointment of 5-sulphur (acid), 30%; Trolamine, 30%; Water, 40%.Add clear water and trolamine at reactor first, add the basic Whitfield's ointment of 5-sulphur (acid) under agitation condition, heat 65 ℃, stirring reaction 30 minutes stops to stir rear temperature and is down to room temperature, obtains the sulphosalicylic acid triethanolamine ester.
Add clear water in the large tank of dosing, add Repone K under agitation condition, add 1/3 of sulphosalicylic acid triethanolamine ester consumption, add dimethyl stearyl hydroxyethyl quaternary ammonium nitrate after the dissolving fully again, material adds rear stirring 20 minutes.Concentration or the viscosity uniformity of large pot liquid.The sulphosalicylic acid triethanolamine ester that when pressing crack construction, on the pressure break truck-mounted blender, adds again remainder.
Day produce oil 19.94m after the wild goose 9-8x well pressure break
3, water 5.33m
3, than Duo 6～8m with other 4 mouthfuls of well daily output crude oil of hydroxypropyl guar fracturing liquid pressure break
3
Claims (3)
1. clean fracturing fluid, it is characterized in that: each weight percentages of components is:
Dimethyl stearyl hydroxyethyl quaternary ammonium nitrate, 0.5～5%;
The sulphosalicylic acid triethanolamine ester, 0.2～2%;
Repone K, 0.5～2%;
All the other are water, and each weight percentages of components sum is absolutely;
Described sulphosalicylic acid triethanolamine ester preparation method is: add entry and trolamine at reactor, under agitation condition, add the basic Whitfield's ointment of 5-sulphur (acid), heat to 60～65 ℃, restir reaction 30 minutes, stop to stir rear temperature and be down to room temperature, obtain the sulphosalicylic acid triethanolamine ester.
2. clean fracturing fluid according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: by the temperature of pressure break oil reservoir 10 ℃～65 ℃ the time, the method of preparation clean fracturing fluid: at first, in the large tank of dosing, add entry, under agitation condition, add Repone K and sulphosalicylic acid triethanolamine ester, add until completely dissolved dimethyl stearyl hydroxyethyl quaternary ammonium nitrate, under agitation condition, make concentration and the viscosity uniformity of large pot liquid, it is 10～65 ℃ that the clean fracturing fluid that obtains is used for by the temperature of pressure break oil reservoir.
3. clean fracturing fluid according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: by the temperature of pressure break oil reservoir 65～110 ℃ the time, the method of preparation clean fracturing fluid: at first, in the large tank of dosing, add entry, under agitation condition, add 1/2～2/3 of Repone K and part sulphosalicylic acid triethanolamine ester consumption, add again until completely dissolved dimethyl stearyl hydroxyethyl quaternary ammonium nitrate, under agitation condition, make concentration or the viscosity uniformity of large pot liquid, at last, add remaining sulphosalicylic acid triethanolamine ester during pressing crack construction on the pressure break truck-mounted blender, it is 65～110 ℃ that the clean fracturing fluid that obtains is used for by the temperature of pressure break oil reservoir again.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104327823A (en) * | 2014-09-23 | 2015-02-04 | 北京九尊能源技术股份有限公司 | Clean fracturing fluid for coal bed fracturing |
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| CN104592967A (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2015-05-06 | 四川安东油气工程技术服务有限公司 | Fluid-loss-resistant water-invasion-resistant well control fluid |
| CN104861955A (en) * | 2015-05-25 | 2015-08-26 | 无棣华信石油技术服务有限公司 | Low-temperature-resistant fracturing fluid for oil exploitation and preparation method of fracturing fluid |
| CN105885817A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2016-08-24 | 西北大学 | Clean fracturing fluid gel breaker and application of fracturing fluid in low permeability-ultra-low permeability oil and gas reservoirs |
| CN111171801A (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2020-05-19 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Preparation method of self-assembled cleaning acid tackifier |
| CN115011326A (en) * | 2022-07-22 | 2022-09-06 | 山东欣广化学有限公司 | Clean fracturing fluid for oil field and preparation method thereof |
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| CN101298555A (en) * | 2008-07-04 | 2008-11-05 | 陕西海安实业有限责任公司 | Harmless clean fracturing fluid |
| CN101362943A (en) * | 2008-09-15 | 2009-02-11 | 青岛生物能源与过程所 | Preparation of novel thermal resistant and shearing resistant clean fracturing fluid thickener by long chain quaternary ammonium salt containing 18-40 carbon number |
| CN101481608A (en) * | 2009-01-19 | 2009-07-15 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Clean fracturing fluid and use thereof |
| CN101812290A (en) * | 2010-05-11 | 2010-08-25 | 陕西科技大学 | Acid clean fracturing fluid and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US20050056428A1 (en) * | 2001-09-11 | 2005-03-17 | Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organization | Hydraulic fracturing of ground formations |
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| CN101298555A (en) * | 2008-07-04 | 2008-11-05 | 陕西海安实业有限责任公司 | Harmless clean fracturing fluid |
| CN101362943A (en) * | 2008-09-15 | 2009-02-11 | 青岛生物能源与过程所 | Preparation of novel thermal resistant and shearing resistant clean fracturing fluid thickener by long chain quaternary ammonium salt containing 18-40 carbon number |
| CN101481608A (en) * | 2009-01-19 | 2009-07-15 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Clean fracturing fluid and use thereof |
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| CN104327823A (en) * | 2014-09-23 | 2015-02-04 | 北京九尊能源技术股份有限公司 | Clean fracturing fluid for coal bed fracturing |
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