CN102642093A - 镀覆陶瓷基质复合物部件作为燃气轮机硬件中的连结方法 - Google Patents

镀覆陶瓷基质复合物部件作为燃气轮机硬件中的连结方法 Download PDF

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CN102642093A
CN102642093A CN2011104615603A CN201110461560A CN102642093A CN 102642093 A CN102642093 A CN 102642093A CN 2011104615603 A CN2011104615603 A CN 2011104615603A CN 201110461560 A CN201110461560 A CN 201110461560A CN 102642093 A CN102642093 A CN 102642093A
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matrix composite
ceramic matrix
attached
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hardware
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B·P·莱西
A·加西亚-克雷斯波
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Abstract

本发明涉及镀覆陶瓷基质复合物部件作为燃气轮机硬件中的连结方法。一种通过对陶瓷基质复合物物品提供结合到金属构件上的金属区来将陶瓷基质复合物物品连结到金属构件上的方法。

Description

镀覆陶瓷基质复合物部件作为燃气轮机硬件中的连结方法
本发明是根据美国能源部授予的合同No.DE-FC26-05NT42643而在政府支持下完成的。
技术领域
本发明涉及将陶瓷基质复合物(CMC)连结到金属构件上，例如燃气轮机的金属部件。更具体而言，本发明提供了可将金属连结到CMC上然后可用来将CMC附连到金属结构上的技术。在一个实施例中，该技术提供了金属与CMC的以化学的方式结合的接头来减小与不同的热膨胀速率有关的问题，以及缓解对制造极度精密的公差的机械接头的需要。
背景技术
已知在燃气轮机中可在比金属高得多的温度处使用陶瓷基质复合物(CMC)。用CMC代替诸如轮叶、喷嘴、护罩、衬套和过渡件(TP)的金属部件可允许在较高的温度处运行，以及/或者降低冷却要求，因而提高涡轮效率。但是，CMC在某种程度上必须安装到涡轮的金属结构上。这个安装是困难的，不仅因为CMC是不同的材料，以及因此可能无法容易地焊接到金属上，而且还因为CMC与金属具有不同的热膨胀系统，所以在CMC变热时，CMC以比金属更慢的速率膨胀，从而使得其难以安装到金属上。
US 7,249,462论述了用机械式接头来进行CMC-CMC铜焊。US6,709,230论述了使用粘结性结合接头或烧结结合接头。US 4,643,648论述了使用烧结氮化硅或碳化硅和金属粉末的热等静压来形成接头。US 2009/0010755A1论述了将CMC栓接到金属上的方法。
将CMC连结到金属部件(例如燃气轮机构件中采用的金属部件)上的改进的方式可为期望的。本发明设法满足那个期望。
发明内容
根据本发明，现在已经发现，通过使用铜焊、气相淀积、焊接、镀覆(电镀或无电镀覆)或它们的组合以将结合金属粘合到CMC上来将CMC有效地连结到结合金属上是可行的。然后可将金属安装结构铜焊或焊接到该结合金属上。为了最大程度地减小热膨胀，可将窄的金属条或金属圆形件、金属长方形件或金属正方形件镀覆到CMC上，然后可将该CMC焊接或铜焊到膨胀接头上，以处理热膨胀的差异。
在第一方面，提供了一种通过这样的方式来将陶瓷基质复合物物品连结到金属构件上的方法：对陶瓷基质复合物物品提供结合到金属构件上的金属区，从而将陶瓷基质复合物物品连结到该金属构件上。
在第二方面，提供了一种包括安装区的陶瓷基质复合物物品，该安装区设有金属区，以帮助将陶瓷基质复合物结合到金属构件上。
本发明允许较容易地将CMC部件集成到燃气轮机中，并且消除对复杂的机械安装件的需要。本发明允许扩大其中可成功地使用CMC的区的数量，并且还可允许用于其它装置中，诸如例如，火箭、蒸汽轮机和核装备。
附图说明
图1是金属条已经在期望的附连位置处施用到其上的CMC物品；
图2是沿箭头2-2的方向的、图1的CMC物品的侧视图，其中金属柔性接头件已经焊接或铜焊到金属条上；
图3显示了插入金属保持器中的图2的CMC物品，金属柔性接头件在一侧上或者铜焊或者焊接到金属保持器上，而在另一侧上或者铜焊或者焊接到金属条上，从而在CMC物品和金属保持器之间提供结合；
图4显示了一个备选的CMC-金属组件；
图5是沿图4中的箭头5-5的方向的视图；
图6显示了安装在金属保持器中的CMC物品的一个备选实施例，金属柔性接头件如所显示的那样或者铜焊或者焊接到金属保持器上。
部件列表：
2CMC物品
4金属条
6附连位置
8柔性接头件
10金属保持器
14CMC构件
16金属条
18金属构件
20柔性条
22非结合区
30金属蛤壳装置
28CMC导叶
28CMC构件
32金属条
34柔性金属条
具体实施方式
参看图1，显示了CMC物品2(在这个情况下为涡轮轮叶)，其中呈金属条4的形式的金属板已经在期望附连位置6处铜焊到、气相淀积到、焊接到、电镀到、通过无电镀覆而结合到或以它们的任何组合的方式连结到CMC物品2上。金属条通常为镍。可将较多的金属镀层结合到CMC物品2上，但是在这种情形下，仅使用金属条，以减小条的金属和CMC物品之间的不同的热膨胀速率的影响。作为金属条的备选方案，可使用盘形、正方形或其它金属形状。
图2显示了CMC物品2的侧视图，其中金属柔性接头件8已经焊接或铜焊到金属条4上。如果需要的话，这会适应CMC物品和金属构件(金属保持器)之间的不同的膨胀速率。
图3显示了插入金属构件中(在这种情况下是金属保持器10)的CMC物品2。金属柔性接头件8可在一侧上或者铜焊或者焊接到金属保持器10上，而在另一侧上或者铜焊或者焊接到金属条4上，从而在CMC物品2和金属保持器10之间提供结合。如果期望的话，金属柔性接头件8可锁紧到金属保持器10中，而非焊接/铜焊到金属保持器10上。
图4显示了金属/CMC组件，其中CMC构件14设有金属条16，而金属构件18设有柔性条20，柔性条20通过任何传统方法(例如铜焊或焊接)来结合到金属条上。如图4中显示的那样，柔性条20的中间非结合区22轮廓设置成使得它们在24处显示的金属条之间接触CMC构件14的表面，以提供密封作用。柔性条因而在其轮廓方面可从正弦波变成锯齿波，变成方波。波的幅度可有所变化，并且一些波峰可不与或者CMC物品或者金属进行实际接触，而仍然可提供密封作用。在图4中，柔性条20沿着接头的线呈带状，并且在CMC14和金属构件18之间的区中提供密封。
图5是沿着图4中的箭头线5-5的视图。在图5中，CMC显示在右边，而金属构件显示在左边。金属条16安装到CMC14上，而柔性条20结合到金属条16上。如果期望改进远离条的密封，则柔性条20可比金属条更宽。
图6是显示了呈具有金属蛤壳装置30的轮叶的CMC物品的一个备选实施例，金属蛤壳装置30夹在CMC导叶28的周围，使得接头件可类似于金属轮叶那样附连到转子上。CMC构件28设有通过任何适当的方法(例如铜焊或焊接)结合到其上的金属条32，而柔性金属条34如本文描述的那样结合到金属条32的顶部上，以适应CMC 28和金属保持器30之间的膨胀和收缩。
如将从图6中看出的那样，接头的定向可有所变化，即接头可水平地而非竖直地设置。此外，涡轮轮叶只是其中可使用本发明的接头的热气路径构件的一个实例。可类似地连结CMC护罩、喷嘴、密封件和叶片或它们的零件。
虽然结合目前认为是最实用和优选的实施例来描述本发明，但是要理解，本发明不应限于公开的实施例，而是相反，意图覆盖包括在所附权利要求的精神和范围内的各种修改和等效布置。

Claims (14)

1.一种将陶瓷基质复合物物品连结到金属构件上的方法，包括对所述陶瓷基质复合物物品提供结合到所述金属构件上的金属区。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述金属区包括金属条系列。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，金属柔性接头件结合到所述金属条系列上。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法进一步包括通过铜焊、气相淀积、焊接、电镀、无电镀覆或它们的任何组合来将所述金属区结合到所述陶瓷基质复合物物品上。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述金属区是镍。
6.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述金属构件是燃气轮机构件。
7.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法进一步包括通过铜焊或焊接来将所述金属区连结到所述金属构件上。
8.根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法进一步包括通过铜焊或焊接来将所述金属柔性接头件连结到所述金属区上。
9.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法进一步包括通过铜焊或焊接来将所述金属柔性接头件连结到所述金属构件上。
10.一种将陶瓷基质复合物物品连结到金属构件上的方法，包括将镍层施用到所述陶瓷基质复合物物品上，以及通过在所述镍层和所述金属构件之间产生结合以从而将所述陶瓷基质复合物连结到所述金属构件上来将陶瓷基质复合物结合到所述金属构件上。
11.一种包括安装区的陶瓷基质复合物物品，所述安装区设有金属区。
12.根据权利要求11所述的陶瓷基质复合物物品，其特征在于，所述金属区包括金属条系列。
13.根据权利要求12所述的陶瓷基质复合物物品，其特征在于，金属柔性接头件结合到所述金属条系列上。
14.根据权利要求13所述的陶瓷基质复合物物品，其特征在于，所述陶瓷基质复合物物品选自涡轮轮叶、喷嘴、护罩、衬套以及将所述衬套匹配到喷嘴上的过渡件。
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Cited By (2)

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CN103724044A (zh) * 2013-08-02 2014-04-16 太仓派欧技术咨询服务有限公司 一种金属与SiC陶瓷基复合材料的连接方法
CN110529195A (zh) * 2018-05-25 2019-12-03 通用电气公司 用于涡轮喷嘴上的带特征的接头和制造

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US9631916B2 (en) 2013-03-13 2017-04-25 Rolls Royce Corporation Component including structures for determinant loading
US9644158B2 (en) 2014-01-13 2017-05-09 General Electric Company Feed injector for a gasification system
US10099306B2 (en) * 2014-01-23 2018-10-16 United Technologies Corporation Attachment of structures having different physical characteristics

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US6131797A (en) * 1998-11-16 2000-10-17 Alliedsignal Inc. Method for joining ceramic to metal

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103724044A (zh) * 2013-08-02 2014-04-16 太仓派欧技术咨询服务有限公司 一种金属与SiC陶瓷基复合材料的连接方法
CN103724044B (zh) * 2013-08-02 2015-09-09 太仓派欧技术咨询服务有限公司 一种金属与SiC陶瓷基复合材料的连接方法
CN110529195A (zh) * 2018-05-25 2019-12-03 通用电气公司 用于涡轮喷嘴上的带特征的接头和制造

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