Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended at least solve one of technical problem existing in prior art.
In view of this, the present invention need to provide a kind of servo-actuated prestressing force parting extrusion system, the small volume of described servo-actuated prestressing force parting extrusion system, and cost is low, highly versatile.
Further, the present invention need to provide a kind of servo-actuated prestressing force parting pressing method, to reduce the volume of servo-actuated prestressing force parting extrusion system, reduces the manufacturing cost of servo-actuated prestressing force parting extrusion system, promotes servo-actuated prestressing force parting extrusion system versatility.
According to a first aspect of the invention, provide a kind of servo-actuated prestressing force parting extrusion system, having comprised: core cylinder, described core cylinder is configured to be suitable for extrusion molding; Core cylinder supporter, described core cylinder supporter circumferentially arranges around described core cylinder, so that described core cylinder is supported; Support force bringing device, described support force bringing device applies the first active force P1 to described core cylinder supporter, wherein said the first active force P1 when pushing in core cylinder, be applied to the second active force P2 on the wall of described Xin Tong inner circumferential side and carry out servo-actuated control.
According to the servo-actuated prestressing force parting extrusion system of the embodiment of the present invention, the first active force P1 initiatively follows the variation of the second active force P2 and changes, and unlike traditional pretension layer, follow passively the second active force P2 and change, pretension layer need to be set on the outer wall of core cylinder thus, reduce the volume of servo-actuated prestressing force parting extrusion system, reduced the manufacturing cost of servo-actuated prestressing force parting extrusion system.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the pass between wherein said the first active force P1 and described the second active force P2 is constant function, linear function, quadratic function or exponential function.
According to one embodiment of present invention, wherein said the first active force P1 is servo-actuated with described the second active force P2 in real time, so that described core cylinder is remained in pre-stressed state.
According to one embodiment of present invention, wherein when described the second active force P2 is 0, described the first active force P1 is 0 or predetermined threshold.
According to one embodiment of present invention, in the interior perimeter surface of wherein said core cylinder, be formed with predetermined moulding chamber.
According to one embodiment of present invention, wherein said moulding chamber is configured to be suitable for Shaped shell or pipe platform.
According to one embodiment of present invention, wherein said core cylinder is formed by a plurality of circumferential juxtaposed die wall bodies structures.
Thus, when making different extrusions, only need the internal structure that changes core cylinder just can be applicable to producing different extrusions.Thus, promoted servo-actuated prestressing force parting extrusion system versatility.
According to one embodiment of present invention, wherein said core cylinder supporter is formed by a plurality of back-up blocks, and described support force bringing device comprises a plurality of hydraulic cylinders, and described in each, hydraulic cylinder applies the first active force P1 to described back-up block respectively.
According to one embodiment of present invention, wherein said core cylinder supporter is formed by a plurality of back-up blocks, and described support force bringing device comprises a plurality of voussoirs, and described in each, voussoir applies the first active force P1 to described back-up block.
According to a second aspect of the invention, provide a kind of servo-actuated prestressing force parting pressing method, having comprised: metal is arranged in core cylinder and is pushed; And the periphery wall of described core cylinder is applied to the first active force P1, wherein said the first active force P1 when pushing in core cylinder, the described metal that is extruded is applied to the second active force P2 on the wall of described Xin Tong inner circumferential side and carries out servo-actuated control.
According to the servo-actuated prestressing force parting pressing method of the embodiment of the present invention, the first active force P1 initiatively follows the variation of the second active force P2 and changes, and unlike traditional pretension layer, follow passively the second active force P2 and change, pretension layer need to be set on the outer wall of core cylinder thus, reduce the volume of servo-actuated prestressing force parting extrusion system, reduced the manufacturing cost of servo-actuated prestressing force parting extrusion system.
Thereby, when making different extrusions, only need the internal structure that changes core cylinder just can be applicable to producing different extrusions, thus, promote servo-actuated prestressing force parting extrusion system versatility.
According to one embodiment of present invention, wherein said core cylinder supporter is formed by a plurality of back-up blocks.
Additional aspect of the present invention and advantage in the following description part provide, and part will become obviously from the following description, or recognize by practice of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Describe embodiments of the invention below in detail, the example of described embodiment is shown in the drawings, and wherein same or similar label represents same or similar element or has the element of identical or similar functions from start to finish.Below by the embodiment being described with reference to the drawings, be exemplary, only for explaining the present invention, and can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
In description of the invention, it will be appreciated that, term " " center ", " longitudinally ", " laterally ", " on ", D score, " front ", " afterwards ", " left side ", " right side ", " vertically ", " level ", " top ", " end " " interior ", orientation or the position relationship of indications such as " outward " are based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, only the present invention for convenience of description and simplified characterization, rather than device or the element of indication or hint indication must have specific orientation, with specific orientation structure and operation, therefore can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.In addition, term " first ", " second " be only for describing object, and can not be interpreted as indication or hint relative importance.
In description of the invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " being connected ", " connection " should be interpreted broadly, and for example, can be to be fixedly connected with, and can be also to removably connect, or connect integratedly; Can be mechanical connection, can be to be also electrically connected to; Can be to be directly connected, also can indirectly be connected by intermediary, can be the connection of two element internals.For the ordinary skill in the art, can concrete condition understand above-mentioned term concrete meaning in the present invention.
The present invention is based on following inventive concept.Be that the present invention proposes so a kind of servo-actuated prestressed concept, answer in advance the prestress value of structure by specific functional relation, with the prestressing force concept of working stress controlled change (a kind of controlled servomechanism process).Accordingly, the present invention has provided only has prestressing force synthetic state, is called as servo-actuated prestressing force parting recipient (mould), i.e. the mentality of designing of servo-actuated prestressing force parting extrusion system and concrete engineering method.Servo-actuated prestressing force parting recipient is less than traditional prestressing force recipient volume, cost is lower, can better adopt fragility Materials with High Strength to make recipient core cylinder (die bush), and the generalization level of heavy extrusion tooling is improved greatly, guaranteed heavy and superduty (as nuclear power water chamber head) single-piece/small quantities of extrusion molding manufacture, not only feasible technically, and there is economically advantage.
At present, the mould yardstick of heavy extruding is huge, expensive, and versatility is very poor.In fact, realize the difficult point of water chamber head extrusion molding for example except press tonnage is excessive, be just that die cost is too high.
And in above-mentioned design of the present invention, the prestress value of prestressed structure is not according to the mechanics feature of structure, with service load uncontrolled change, but a kind of controlled servomechanism process, be that prestress application value changes along with service load by specific functional relation, when service load is zero, prestressing force is zero (without Pre strained state), sees lower equation:
q=f(p)………………(1)
In above formula, p is independent variable, the functional value of q for changing by function f.According to formula (1), inventor conceives and has designed the model (will be discussed in more detail below) of disclosed servo-actuated prestressing force parting recipient in the present invention.The external pressure of recipient (q) is pressed the servo-actuated variation of functional relation f with interior pressure (p).This is a prestressing force cylindrical shell that only has synthetic state, and owing to not there is not Pre strained state, core cylinder can design very thinly, and does not exist by external pressure q
1damage by pressure or the problem of flexing (unstability), and owing to having cancelled pretension layer, the external diameter of recipient will dwindle greatly.
What is more important, external pressure is provided by hydraulic press equipment, is not the result to core cylinder pretension of the pretension layer of extruding cylindrical shell, and this just lays a good foundation for the General design of cylindrical shell (mould).As long as external pressure is enough large, just can guarantee that, under maximum internal pressure p effect, core barrel dliameter is enough large to the pressure on subdivision cross section, squeezed metal is unlikely to be extruded from split surface.And at present, computer closed loop control technology and metal forming digital simulation technique can guarantee the accurate execution of p-q function.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, describe servo-actuated prestressing force parting extrusion system of the present invention and method in detail.As shown in Figure 1, the servo-actuated prestressing force parting extrusion system according to the embodiment of the present invention, comprising: core cylinder 10, core cylinder supporter 20 and support force bringing device (not shown).
Particularly, core cylinder 10 is configured to be suitable for extrusion molding, and the internal perisporium of core cylinder 10 can contact with extrusion 40, by extruding, can complete metal, and be for example the shaping of heavy ferrous metal or non-ferrous metal, to be configured to extrusion 40.
As shown in Figure 2, core cylinder supporter 20 can circumferentially arrange around core cylinder 10, so that core cylinder 10 is supported, and can apply external pressure q to core cylinder 10.
Support force bringing device applies the first active force P1 to core cylinder supporter 20, wherein the first active force P1 when pushing in core cylinder 10, be applied to the second active force P2 on the wall of Xin Tong10 inner circumferential side and carry out servo-actuated control.In other words, when carrying out extrusion molding, core cylinder 10 internal perisporiums are subject to the second active force P2 effect, support force bringing device applies the first active force P1 to core cylinder supporter 20 simultaneously, the first active force P1 can initiatively follow the variation of the second active force P2 and change, and the first active force P1 is controlled servo-actuated with the second active force P2.The second active force P2 realizes by the metal of extruding head 50 extruding between extruding head 50 and the internal perisporium of core cylinder 10 that can stretch in core cylinder 10.
According to the servo-actuated prestressing force parting extrusion system of the embodiment of the present invention, the first active force P1 follows the variation of the second active force P2 and changes, pretension layer need to be set on the outer wall of core cylinder 10, reduce the volume of servo-actuated prestressing force parting extrusion system, reduced the manufacturing cost of servo-actuated prestressing force parting extrusion system.And, when making different extrusions, only need the internal structure that changes core cylinder 10 just can be applicable to producing different extrusions, thus, promote servo-actuated prestressing force parting extrusion system versatility.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the relation between the first active force P1 and the second active force P2 can be constant function, linear function, quadratic function or exponential function.The concrete structure of various functions is easy to take out the barrel active force of extruding force and core cylinder 10 in extruding numerical simulation, through returning processing, obtains; Certainly, also can obtain with bullet/plasticity methods analyst.Obviously, each function is the extrusion process for a kind of extrusion.In one embodiment of the invention, the servo oil hydraulic system on hydraulic press, can produce the first active force P1 for support loads by hydraulic cylinder, and act on core cylinder supporter 20, thereby produces the second active force P2.In control, in order to simplify, can directly set up P1-P2 functional relation (and needn't use q-p functional relation), that is:
P=f′(p);
F ' can be linear function, quadratic function, and exponential function and other function, function also can have explicit or implicit expression, and the simplest f ' is constant relation:
P=const
Now, when the second active force P2 is zero, under the effect of the first active force P1, mutual balance between core cylinder supporter 20.
The first active force P1 can be servo-actuated with the second active force P2 in real time, so that core cylinder 10 is remained in pre-stressed state.Thus, can guarantee that whole servo-actuated prestressing force parting extrusion system is always in good working order.When the second active force P2 is 0, the first active force P1 can be 0 or predetermined threshold.In other words, when the second active force P2 is zero, the first active force P1 might not reduce to zero, and the first active force also can reach certain numerical value, and when guaranteeing to withdraw from the second active force P2, core cylinder 10 just has certain prestressing force, and forms an integral body.Obviously, when the second active force P2 reaches extreme value, the first active force P1 also needs to reach extreme value.The matching precision of the second active force P2 and the first active force P1 will affect the life-span of core cylinder supporter 20 and core cylinder 10, in general, should make the first active force P1 slightly be ahead of the second active force P2 1 point, and this value can be called compression lead.As Fig. 3, demonstration has the structure of the servo-actuated prestressing force parting extrusion system of four core cylinder supporters 20, and the power that now 20 pairs of cylinder cores 10 of core cylinder supporter apply is more even, supports more effective.
According to one embodiment of present invention, in the interior perimeter surface of core cylinder 10, be formed with predetermined moulding chamber.The shape of moulding chamber can determine according to the shape of extrusion 40, and for example, moulding chamber can be configured to be suitable for Shaped shell or pipe platform.Different extrusions 40 can corresponding have the core cylinder 10 of different chamber.Thus, in whole servo-actuated prestressing force parting extrusion system, only need to change core cylinder 10 just can produce different extrusions, and versatility is stronger.
As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, according to one embodiment of present invention, core cylinder 10 can be formed by a plurality of circumferential juxtaposed die wall body 11 structures.Thus, core cylinder is designed to circumferential juxtaposed die wall body 11 and can guarantees to push normal pressure and be delivered to outer field core cylinder supporter 20, and do not cause additional tangential (hoop) tension excessive on core cylinder supporter 20, thereby greatly improved the intensity of core cylinder supporter 20.This effect is enhanced with the increase of supporting number.Meanwhile, after completing extrusion modling, a plurality of circumferential juxtaposed die wall bodies 11 can be for convenience detach, to facilitate, takes out extrusion 40.Core cylinder can adopt high-strength hard brittle material, as carbide alloy and other rigid good but more crisp material.
As shown in Figure 3, further, core cylinder supporter 20 is formed by a plurality of back-up blocks 21, and it is more that the back-up block 21 of core cylinder supporter 20 segments, extrusion 40 takes out Vietnamese side just from servo-actuated prestressing force parting extrusion system, can adopt less dressing or not adopt dressing completely.Back-up block moves compared with short stroke can take out extrusion 40.
Support force bringing device comprises a plurality of hydraulic cylinders, and each hydraulic cylinder applies the first active force P1 to back-up block 21 respectively.It is different that the first active force P1 that hydraulic cylinder provides and the pretension layer of extrusion system are exerted pressure to core cylinder 10, and applicable to different core cylinders 10, thus, the General design that the second active force P2 that hydraulic cylinder provides is extrusion system is laid a good foundation.It should be noted that, guaranteeing under maximum the first active force P1 effect, the core cylinder 10 radially pressure on subdivision cross section is enough large, so that squeezed metal is unlikely, from split surface, extrudes.Modern computer Closed loop Control and metal forming digital simulation technique can guarantee the accurate execution of the first active force P1 and the second active force P2 function.
Alternatively, core cylinder supporter 20 can be formed by a plurality of back-up blocks 21, and support force bringing device can comprise a plurality of voussoirs, and each voussoir applies the first active force P1 to back-up block 21.Thus, voussoir can apply the first active force P1 and applicable to different core cylinders 10 for back-up block 21 equally.
Should emphasize, core cylinder supporter 20 and hydraulic cylinder of promoting it etc. are universal component, with squeezed metalwork, do not change, and are parts for equipment.Thereby mould (cylindrical shell) the part generalization by as far as possible many, is converted into equipment, be the embodiment of " tooling device " principle of proposing of present inventor, the present invention is specializing of this principle just.
As shown in Figure 4, the servo-actuated prestressing force parting pressing method according to the embodiment of the present invention, comprising:
Metal is arranged in core cylinder and is pushed, to obtain extrusion (S10).
Then, the periphery wall of described core cylinder is applied to the first active force P1, wherein said the first active force P1 when pushing in core cylinder, the described metal that is extruded is applied to the second active force P2 on the wall of Xin Tong inner circumferential side and carries out servo-actuated control (S20).
In other words, when carrying out extrusion modling, core cylinder internal perisporium is subject to the second active force P2 effect, to core cylinder supporter 20, apply the first active force P1 simultaneously, for example can apply the first active force by support force bringing device, the first active force P1 changes with the variation of the second active force P2, and the first active force P1 is controlled servo-actuated with the second active force P2.
According to the servo-actuated prestressing force parting pressing method of the embodiment of the present invention, the first active force P1 follows the variation of the second active force P2 and changes, pretension layer need to be set on the outer wall of core cylinder 10, reduce the volume of servo-actuated prestressing force parting extrusion system, reduced the manufacturing cost of servo-actuated prestressing force parting extrusion system.And, when making different extrusions, only need the internal structure that changes core cylinder 10 just can be applicable to producing different extrusions, thus, promote servo-actuated prestressing force parting extrusion system versatility.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the relation between the first active force P1 and the second active force P2 can be constant function, linear function, quadratic function or exponential function.The concrete structure of various functions is easy to take out the barrel active force of extruding force and core cylinder 10 in extruding digital simulation process, through returning processing, obtains; Certainly, also can obtain with bullet/plasticity methods analyst.Obviously, each function is the extrusion process for a kind of extrusion.
The first active force P1 can be servo-actuated with the second active force P2 in real time, so that core cylinder 10 is remained in pre-stressed state.Thus, can guarantee that whole servo-actuated prestressing force parting extrusion system is always in good working order.When the second active force P2 is 0, the first active force P1 can be 0 or predetermined threshold.In other words, when the second active force P2 is zero, the first active force P1 might not reduce to zero, and the first active force also can reach certain numerical value, and when guaranteeing to withdraw from the second active force P2, core cylinder 10 just has certain prestressing force, and forms an integral body.Obviously, when the second active force P2 reaches extreme value, the first active force P1 also needs to reach extreme value.The matching precision of the second active force P2 and the first active force P1 will affect the life-span of core cylinder supporter 20 and core cylinder 10, in general, should make the first active force P1 slightly be ahead of the second active force P2 1 point, and this value can be called compression lead.As Fig. 3, demonstration has the structure of the servo-actuated prestressing force parting extrusion system of four core cylinder supporters 20, and the power that now 20 pairs of cylinder cores 10 of core cylinder supporter apply is more even, supports more effective.
According to one embodiment of present invention, in the interior perimeter surface of core cylinder 10, be formed with predetermined moulding chamber.The shape of moulding chamber can determine according to the shape of extrusion 40, and for example, moulding chamber can be configured to be suitable for Shaped shell or pipe platform.Different extrusions 40 can corresponding have the core cylinder 10 of different chamber.Thus, in whole servo-actuated prestressing force parting extrusion system, only need to change core cylinder 10 just can produce different extrusions, and versatility is stronger.
As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, according to one embodiment of present invention, core cylinder 10 can be formed by a plurality of circumferential juxtaposed die wall body 11 structures.Thus, core cylinder is designed to circumferential juxtaposed die wall body 11 and can guarantees to push normal pressure and be delivered to outer field core cylinder supporter 20, and do not cause additional tangential (hoop) tension excessive on core cylinder supporter 20, thereby greatly improved the intensity of core cylinder supporter 20.This effect is enhanced with the increase of supporting number.Meanwhile, after completing extrusion modling, a plurality of circumferential juxtaposed die wall bodies 11 can be for convenience detach, to facilitate, takes out extrusion 40.Core cylinder can adopt high-strength hard brittle material, as: carbide alloy and other rigid good but more crisp material.
As shown in Figure 3, further, core cylinder supporter 20 is formed by a plurality of back-up blocks 21, and it is more that the back-up block 21 of core cylinder supporter 20 segments, extrusion 40 takes out Vietnamese side just from servo-actuated prestressing force parting extrusion system, can adopt less dressing or not adopt dressing completely.Back-up block moves compared with short stroke can take out extrusion 40.
It should be noted that, system and a method according to the invention is applicable to deep-sea oil equipment (as preventer etc.) too, and the required core component of weapon extrusion molding---cylindrical shell and the Design of Dies such as the various pipe fittings of heavy chemical field, many logical, valve bodies, the pump housing and torpedo warhead.Various open die forging, impressing forgings, closed die forging, the mould of enclosed jumping-up, jumping-up cylinders etc., all can adopt the present invention to reduce costs, and realize small lot heavy, medium-sized extrusion, even single-piece production.
In the description of this description, the description of reference term " embodiment ", " some embodiment ", " illustrative examples ", " example ", " concrete example " or " some examples " etc. means to be contained at least one embodiment of the present invention or example in conjunction with specific features, structure, material or the feature of this embodiment or example description.In this manual, the schematic statement of above-mentioned term is not necessarily referred to identical embodiment or example.And the specific features of description, structure, material or feature can be with suitable mode combinations in any one or more embodiment or example.
Although illustrated and described embodiments of the invention, those having ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that, in the situation that not departing from principle of the present invention and aim, can carry out multiple variation, modification, replacement and modification to these embodiment, scope of the present invention is limited by claim and equivalent thereof.