CN102636835B - Optical holographic reflecting element, transmission type LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) containing same, and semi-reflecting semi-transparent type LCD containing same - Google Patents
Optical holographic reflecting element, transmission type LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) containing same, and semi-reflecting semi-transparent type LCD containing same Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an optical holographic reflecting element, a transmission type LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) containing the element, and a semi-reflecting semi-transparent type LCD containing the element. The optical holographic reflecting element comprises a holographic film material layer, wherein the holographic film material layer is a material layer with a light diffraction property, the material layer is formed by adopting two beams of coherence planar light to irradiate from two sides of a photopolymer film material for performing laser exposure and adjusting an optical index of the material; a backlight material part of the transmission type LCD comprises an optical wave guide plate and the optical holographic reflecting element; and the optical holographic reflecting element is arranged between a polarizer and a reflecting type polarizer of the semi-reflecting semi-transparent type LCD. The backlight efficiency is effectively improved through diffraction of the optical holographic reflecting element disclosed by the invention.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of optical holography reflecting element and the application in transmission-type LCD and half-reflection and half-transmission type LCD thereof, belong to LCD backlight field of material technology.
Background technology
LCD display can be divided into reflection type LCD and transmission-type LCD, in existing technology, use the holographic element based on diffraction principle prepared by photopolymer material, achieving application in reflection type LCD (is the Chinese patent of 94190861.5 see the patent No., CN1116003A), reflection-type TN LCD (Twisted Nematic), STN LCD (Super TwistedNematic), TFT LCD (Thin Film Transistor), utilize the diffraction effect of holographic element, improve the brightness of reflection type LCD, visibility.
Transmission-type TFT LCD module is made up of liquid crystal panel part and backlight material component, backlight material comprises brightness enhancing films, reflective polaroid, diffusion barrier, be bonded between polaroid and optical waveguide, the optical waveguide of backlight has side-mounted LED light source, it is connected with light guiding plate, for back lighting.The back side of optical waveguide of the prior art, paste one deck to aluminize or magnesian metal film, to the incident light through optical waveguide, such as through the light that reflection type polarizer is reflected back, play the effect of mirror-reflection, realize the recovery and reuse to light, this structure, for the optical efficiency of optical waveguide, still has the space of improving further.Minute sized cutting has been introduced on surface due to optical waveguide in preparation, and milli machine cutting changes in optical waveguide the direction of propagation of propagating light, makes it propagate towards LCD direction, for back lighting.But when the light therethrough optical waveguide of part reflection, the existence of these cuttings can cause the scattering of light, reduces the transmissivity of reflected light through optical waveguide, have impact on the organic efficiency of light.Half-reflection and half-transmission type LCD in prior art, similar with transmission-type TFT LCD, just between polaroid and reflective polaroid, have semi-reflective and semitransmittable thin film material, efficiency is lower.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for the not satisfactory problem of backlight efficiency in transmission-type TFT LCD and half-reflection and half-transmission type TN LCD, STN LCD and TFT LCD, provide a kind of optical holography reflecting element and the transmission-type LCD containing this element and half-reflection and half-transmission type LCD, improve the back lighting of LCD display and the optical efficiency of front optical illumination.
The technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
A kind of optical holography reflecting element, comprise holographic film material layer, holographic film material layer is carry out laser explosure by the planar light of two bundle coherences from the both sides incidence of photopolymer film material, regulates material optical index and the material layer with optical diffraction performance that obtains.
Described optical holography reflecting element also comprises optical cement bonding coat, substrate material layer, and holographic film material layer is by the bonding substrate material layer of optical cement bonding coat.
Above-mentioned holographic film layer thickness 15 microns to 20 microns.
Above-mentioned substrate material layer is PET film or PE film.
Optical holography reflecting element preferred center wavelength 488nm is blue, 530nm is green, 580nm is orange, 615nm is red, after using diffusion film to heat-treat, centre wavelength has the red shift of several nm, and the color filter bandwidth of optical holography reflecting element is increased to more than 40nm.Preparation method is equal to the preparation of the holographic imaging film of side-mounted illumination, and preparation is described in detail with reference to Ryder Sean Nesbitt, " Edgelit Holography:Extending Size and Color ", MIT Thesis, 1999.
A kind of transmission-type LCD, comprise liquid crystal panel part and backlight material component, backlight material component comprises light guiding plate, above-mentioned optical holography reflecting element, the light that light guiding plate is propagated by optical holography reflecting element, its direction is changed, illuminated liquid crystal faceplate part in the mode of diffraction.
Described backlight material component also comprises the metallic reflection rete bonding with optical holography reflecting element, is reflected back by the light through optical holography reflecting element.
A kind of half-reflection and half-transmission type LCD, comprise liquid crystal panel part above and its backlight material component below, backlight material component comprises polaroid, reflective polaroid, light guiding plate, above-mentioned optical holography reflecting element is provided with after light guiding plate, light guiding plate optical holography reflecting element below will inject light wherein, its direction is changed, illuminated liquid crystal faceplate part in the mode of diffraction.
It is the holographic optical element described in semi-reflective and semitransmittable thin film material layer or patent CN1116003A between described polaroid and reflective polaroid.
Described backlight material component also comprises the metallic reflection rete bonding with optical holography element.
Optical holography element in transmission-type LCD of the present invention, half-reflection and half-transmission type LCD, effectively will couple light to liquid-crystalline glasses back in optical waveguide, simultaneously to the light be reflected back in travel path above optical waveguide panel, by the reflection of optical holography element and back metal reflective coating, obtain recycling, the efficiency of light of further raising optical waveguide, improves brightness and contrast.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is transmission-type LCD structure figure of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is half-reflection and half-transmission type LCD structure figure of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is light guiding plate optical holography reflective element configuration figure below in the embodiment of the present invention 1;
Fig. 4 is optical holography reflecting element preparation principle figure of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the change curve of display brightness with visual angle;
Fig. 6 is the change curve of display contrast with visual angle;
Wherein, 1. metallic reflective coating, 2. optical holography reflecting element, 3. light guiding plate, 4. light overflows diffusion barrier, 5. prismatic brightness film, 6. reflective polaroid, 7. polaroid I, 8. glass plate I, 9.ITO electrode (under), 10. liquid crystal molecule, 11.ITO electrode (on), 12. glass plate II, 13. colored filters, 14. polaroid II, 15. semi-reflective and semitransmittable thin film material layers or the holographic optical element described in CN1116003A, 16. optical cement bonding coats, 17. substrate material layer, 18. holographic film material layers, 19. laser instruments, 20. beam splitters, 21. reflective mirror M1, 22. reflective mirror M2, 23. reflective mirror M3, 24. beam expanding lens L1, 25. beam expanding lens L2, 26. spatial modulators, a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o, p, q, r, s is light, A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J is that the light chosen enters a little, β 1, β 2, α 1, α 2 is angle.
Embodiment
Further illustrate below in conjunction with embodiment, but be not limited to following embodiment.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of transmission-type LCD, comprises backlight material component and liquid crystal panel part, metallic reflective coating 1 is followed successively by, optical holography reflecting element 2, light guiding plate 3 before backward, light overflows diffusion barrier 4, prismatic brightness film 5, reflective polaroid 6, polaroid I7, glass plate I8, ITO electrode (under) 9, liquid crystal molecule 10, ITO electrode (on) 11, glass plate II12, colored filter 13, polaroid II14.
Optical holography reflecting element 2, comprises holographic film material layer 18, optical cement bonding coat 16, substrate material layer 17, and holographic film material layer 18 is by the bonding substrate material layer 17 of optical cement bonding coat 16.Holographic film material layer is carry out laser explosure by the planar light of two bundle coherences from the both sides incidence of photopolymer film material, regulates material optical index and the material layer with optical diffraction performance that obtains.Photopolymer film material comes from HRF-800X001 and HRF-00X070 of E.I.Du Pont Company's production and sales, uses the photopolymer material of Beijing creation Science and Technology Ltd. development and production, reaches same optical performance requirements.Thickness is the holographic film material layer of 15 to 20 microns, on backing material PET or PE being attached to thickness 50 microns.Photopolymer film material uses Acrylic unimolecule compound-material and the activation media material composition for bringing out molecule Ligature usually, in order to effectively expose, according to the needs of optical maser wavelength, photopolymer adulterates micro-photochromics, as being less than the light-sensitive coloring agent (methylene blue) of 0.1% trace, be fully mixed in photopolymer material.
The first step preparing holographic film material layer is laser explosure process, uses the U.S. to be concerned with the Verdi V10 solid state laser of company, operation wavelength 532nm, the Ar+ ion laser that Spectra Physics company produces, operation wavelength 514nm, 488nm, 476nm, laser output power is less than 5W/cm
2, irradiate light intensity 2mW/cm
2, laser irradiates the exposure energy 50mj/cm of lower photopolymer
2; Second step, UV illumination curing is carried out to the element that laser treatment is crossed, solidify remaining unimolecule or micromolecular compound material, use the metal halide lamp (metal halide lamp) of UV wavelength 340nm to 380nm to irradiate 5 minutes, UV exposure energy 100mW/cm
2above; 3rd step, is close to photopolymer film material, bonds the diffusion film that a composition of layer is made up of low molecular compound, and diffusion barrier is the color modulation film of E.I.Du Pont Company's production and selling, 120 DEG C, under the environment that has the abundant convection current of air, hot drying and processing 2 hours.Figure 4 shows that the optics of holographic film material layer prepares environment, the laser that laser instrument sends, be divided into two bundles with spectroscope, be a branch ofly irradiated to holographic dry plate through reflective mirror, spatial modulator and beam expanding lens, be called reference light; Another light beam is through catoptron, spatial modulator and beam expanding lens, be irradiated on holographic dry plate, be called flashlight, the flashlight used is plane wave, or the flashlight of diffuse scattering that plane wave produces through frosted glass, two-beam interferes on photopolymer film material, and form the interference fringe that light and shade replaces, interference fringe is recorded in photopolymer material body.
The principle of work of transmission-type LCD:
A point: the light a sent from LED light source, enters light guiding plate.Propagate into light guiding plate interface, the incident angle due to light is less than reflection at critical angle, and thus produce refraction and reflection from light guiding plate, refract light produces light c, and reflected light is propagated in waveguide plate, continues to repeat its process in interfacial refraction and reflection.
B point: the light b sent from LED light source, when arriving light guiding plate upper surface, the incident angle due to light is greater than reflection at critical angle, and inner total reflection occurs, and is limited to space relaying in optical waveguide and resumes and broadcast, and produces light d.
C point: light d is at C point place as shown in the figure, and due to the diffraction of optical holography reflecting element I, result is divided into two parts, and the light of a part of wave band meets the condition of diffraction, and the direction of propagation is changed by optical holography reflecting element I, produces light e by the diffraction of light; The light that another part wave band and non-diffraction export then still is totally reflected, and continues to propagate in light guiding plate, as light f.The light e that the direction of propagation has been changed, coupling output from light guiding plate, observer is viewed is a part of light e, as light g; All the other light are reflected back the direction deviating from LCD, the light be reflected back by the blooming part in way, and unification represents with light h.
D point: the light h be reflected back toward, through optical holography element I, if meet optical diffraction condition, propagates and is oppositely changed, and as light i, through various blooming, that final observed person observes is light j; Another part light of light h, then through holographic element, incides metallic reflective coating, E point place as shown in the figure.
E point: the light inciding metallic reflective coating, at E point, mirror-reflection occurs, and produces light k, through various blooming, becomes the light that observed person observes
serve the recycling to the light that part reflects.
Embodiment 2
A kind of half-reflection and half-transmission type LCD, comprise liquid crystal panel part above and its backlight material component below, metallic reflective coating 1 is followed successively by before backward, optical holography reflecting element 2, light guiding plate 3, light overflows diffusion barrier 4, prismatic brightness film 5, reflective polaroid 6, semi-reflective and semitransmittable thin film material layer or the holographic optical element described in CN1116003A 15, polaroid I7, glass plate I8, ITO electrode (under) 9, liquid crystal molecule 10, ITO electrode (on) 11, glass plate II12, colored filter 13, polaroid II14.
Optical holography reflecting element 2 comprises holographic film material layer 18, optical cement bonding coat 16, substrate material layer 17, and holographic film material layer 18 is by the bonding substrate material layer 17 of optical cement bonding coat 16.Holographic film material layer is carry out laser explosure by the planar light of two bundle coherences from the both sides incidence of photopolymer film material, regulates material optical index and the material layer with optical diffraction performance that obtains.Photopolymer film material comes from HRF-800X001 and HRF-00X070 that E.I.Du Pont Company produces or sells, the first step preparing holographic film material layer is laser explosure process, use the Verdi V10 solid state laser of relevant company, operation wavelength 532nm, the Ar+ ion laser that Spectra Physics company produces, operation wavelength 514nm, 488nm, 476nm, laser output power is less than 5W/cm
2, irradiate light intensity 2mW/cm
2, laser irradiates the exposure energy 50mj/cm of lower photopolymer
2; Second step, UV illumination curing is carried out to the element that laser treatment is crossed, solidify remaining unimolecule or micromolecular compound material, use the metal halide lamp (metal halide lamp) of UV wavelength 340nm to 380nm to irradiate 5 minutes, UV exposure energy 100mW/cm
2above; 3rd step, is close to photopolymer film material, bonds the diffusion film that a composition of layer is made up of low molecular compound, and diffusion barrier is the color modulation film of E.I.Du Pont Company's production and selling, 120 DEG C, under the environment that has the abundant convection current of air, hot drying and processing 2 hours.The optics of holographic film material layer prepares environment with embodiment 1.
The opticpath that LED light source sends is with described in embodiment 1, from the light that LCD enters above, when selecting semi-reflective and semitransmittable thin film material layer, light produces diffuse reflection through F point and propagates along light o direction, and when selecting the holographic optical element described in patent CN1116003A, light is propagated along light n direction through F point generation diffuse reflection.
The performance test of the present embodiment half-reflection and half-transmission type LCD:
Under reflective-mode duty, performance test is carried out with sample machine in STN LCD, high-pressure mercury-vapor lamp is used as pointolite to simulate outdoor lighting light in testing experiment, Konica Minolta (Konica Minolta) CS-200 chroma-luminance counts detector, the close-up lens of joining Φ 0.1mm is added before standard configuration camera lens, its resolution comparatively standard configuration improves 5 times, the smallest dimension Φ 0.1mm of measurement.The angle of optical light source and detector is fixed as 50 °, and angle reflected light being entered model machine during detector is decided to be with reference to angle and zero angle, then starts rotary test model machine, the brightness and contrast under test different visual angles.
The brightness of the present embodiment half-reflection and half-transmission type LCD with comparatively see Fig. 5 by the LCD brightness ratio of typical reflection film, the brightness of surveying in figure is relative value, and visual angle is the direction of zero angle is mirror-reflection reference point.Under the illumination condition of same light source, use the half-reflection and half-transmission type LCD brightness value of holographic reflections element in effective visual angle 9-24 ° higher than the brightness value of typical reflection film liquid crystal display, in contrast peak value and effective angular field of view 9-24 °, the brightness peak of holographic reflections element and the observation view directions of contrast peak value match, diffuse and effectively utilized, solve the main problem inconsistent with the direction of acceptable observation contrast that diffuse that typical reflection film produces.Test result shows, and the brightness peak of measurement improves 3-4 doubly.
The present embodiment half-reflection and half-transmission type LCD with see Fig. 6 by the LCD contrast of typical reflection film with the change curve at visual angle, visual angle is the direction of zero angle is mirror-reflection reference point.Under the illumination condition of same light source, the half-reflection and half-transmission type LCD contrast of holographic reflections element is used to be significantly improved in effective visual angle 9-24 °, in contrast peak value and effective angular field of view 9-24 °, test result shows, and the contrast peak value of measurement improves 3-3.5 doubly.
Claims (3)
1. a half-reflection and half-transmission type LCD, comprise liquid crystal panel part above and its backlight material component below, backlight material component comprises polaroid, reflective polaroid, light guiding plate, it is characterized in that, optical holography reflecting element is provided with after light guiding plate, after optical holography reflecting element, bonding metallic reflection rete, is semi-reflective and semitransmittable thin film material layer between described polaroid and reflective polaroid; Light guiding plate optical holography reflecting element below will inject light wherein, change its direction, illuminated liquid crystal faceplate part in the mode of diffraction; Optical holography reflecting element, comprise holographic film material layer, holographic film material layer is carry out laser explosure by the planar light of two bundle coherences from the both sides incidence of photopolymer film material, regulate material optical index and the material layer with optical diffraction performance that obtains, holographic film layer thickness 15 microns to 20 microns.
2. according to the half-reflection and half-transmission type LCD described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, optical holography reflecting element also comprises optical cement bonding coat, substrate material layer, and holographic film material layer is by the bonding substrate material layer of optical cement bonding coat.
3. according to the half-reflection and half-transmission type LCD described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described photopolymer film material laser exposure, the laser that laser instrument sends, is divided into two bundles with spectroscope, is a branch ofly irradiated to photopolymer film plate of material one side, is called reference light; Another bundle is irradiated on photopolymer film plate of material another side, and be called flashlight, two-beam interferes on photopolymer film material, and form the interference fringe that light and shade replaces, interference fringe is recorded in photopolymer film material bodies.
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| CN201210114731.XA CN102636835B (en) | 2012-04-18 | 2012-04-18 | Optical holographic reflecting element, transmission type LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) containing same, and semi-reflecting semi-transparent type LCD containing same |
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| CN201210114731.XA CN102636835B (en) | 2012-04-18 | 2012-04-18 | Optical holographic reflecting element, transmission type LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) containing same, and semi-reflecting semi-transparent type LCD containing same |
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| WO2014031117A1 (en) * | 2012-08-23 | 2014-02-27 | Empire Technology Development Llc | Holographic imaging |
| CN107229088B (en) | 2017-08-07 | 2020-11-03 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Optical microstructure, manufacturing method of optical microstructure layer, light guide assembly and display device |
| CN107577086B (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2019-05-07 | 武汉华星光电半导体显示技术有限公司 | Display device and backlight module |
| CN112085975B (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2022-09-23 | 联想(北京)有限公司 | Display device and display method |
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| CN1485662A (en) * | 2002-08-01 | 2004-03-31 | E.I.���¶��Ű˾ | Protective covers for gas sensor, gas sensor and gas sensor manufacturing method |
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| JPH11281978A (en) * | 1998-03-31 | 1999-10-15 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | Production of backlight and liquid crystal display |
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| CN1485662A (en) * | 2002-08-01 | 2004-03-31 | E.I.���¶��Ű˾ | Protective covers for gas sensor, gas sensor and gas sensor manufacturing method |
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