CN102635815A - Backlight module - Google Patents

Backlight module Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102635815A
CN102635815A CN2012100735668A CN201210073566A CN102635815A CN 102635815 A CN102635815 A CN 102635815A CN 2012100735668 A CN2012100735668 A CN 2012100735668A CN 201210073566 A CN201210073566 A CN 201210073566A CN 102635815 A CN102635815 A CN 102635815A
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light
lgp
emitting blocks
structural
micro
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CN2012100735668A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘文杰
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AU Optronics Corp
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AU Optronics Corp
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Abstract

The edge-lit backlight module with more than two layers of light guide plates can have the function of local dimming through the design of the optical microstructure. The optical microstructure comprises a light-homogenizing microstructure, and the light-emitting of the side-light type backlight module with the local dimming function is more uniform by changing the pattern density of the light-homogenizing microstructure.

Description

Backlight module
Technical field
The invention relates to a kind of backlight module, and particularly relevant for a kind of side light type back light module.
Background technology
LCD (Liquid Crystal Display; LCD) have that high image quality, volume are little, in light weight, low voltage drive, low consumpting power and advantages of wide application range; So be widely used in Portable TV, mobile phone, shot with video-corder in consumer electronics such as projector, notebook computer and console display or the computer product, become the main flow of display.
Traditional LCD framework mainly comprises housing, liquid crystal panel, circuit board and backlight module.Include a plurality of optical sheets in the backlight module, for example LGP, diffusion sheet and prismatic lens, the light that is used for light source is sent is distributed on the display floater so that image to be provided equably.According to the relative position of light source and exiting surface, backlight module can be divided into direct type backlight module and side light type back light module again.Yet,,, therefore, be difficult to be applied in the lightening LCD because direct type backlight module can increase the integral thickness of product though direct type backlight module has the effect of preferable local dimming (local dimming) with respect to side light type back light module.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention just provides a kind of side light type back light module with local dimming function, uses so that bright dipping is more even.
According to one embodiment of the invention, a kind of backlight module is proposed, comprise first LGP, second LGP, first light source, secondary light source, and optical microstructures.First LGP has a plurality of first light-emitting blocks.Second LGP is stacked and placed on first LGP, has at least one second light-emitting blocks.First light source is arranged at the relative both sides of first LGP, adjacent first light source of first light-emitting blocks, and second light-emitting blocks is between first light-emitting blocks.Secondary light source is arranged at the relative both sides of second LGP.Optical microstructures is arranged on the surface of second LGP, and optical microstructures comprises functional micro-structural and even photosensitiveness micro-structural.Functional micro-structural is corresponding to the second light-emitting blocks setting.Even photosensitiveness micro-structural distributes to secondary light source from second light-emitting blocks, and wherein the pattern density of even photosensitiveness micro-structural successively decreases to secondary light source from this second light-emitting blocks.
In one embodiment, even photosensitiveness micro-structural comprises a plurality of sites, and the spacing that the site is parallel between the secondary light source direction increases progressively to secondary light source from second light-emitting blocks.
In an embodiment, the uniform in thickness of first LGP and second LGP.
In an embodiment, second LGP has exiting surface, and optical microstructures is arranged at the bottom surface of second LGP with respect to exiting surface.
In an embodiment, second LGP has in the face of two incidence surfaces of secondary light source and an exiting surface, and incidence surface is perpendicular to exiting surface.
In an embodiment, the distribution area of even photosensitiveness micro-structural is half the less than the distribution area of functional micro-structural.
In an embodiment, the distribution area of even photosensitiveness micro-structural be functional micro-structural distribution area 1/15th to 1/4th.
In an embodiment, the distribution area of even photosensitiveness micro-structural be functional micro-structural distribution area 1/15th to 1/10th.
In an embodiment, the light of first light source is mainly from the first light-emitting blocks bright dipping.
In an embodiment, the light of secondary light source is mainly from the second light-emitting blocks bright dipping.
Another aspect of the present invention is a kind of backlight module, comprises first LGP; First light source, second LGP, secondary light source, second optical microstructures, the 3rd LGP, the 3rd light source, the 3rd optical microstructures.First LGP has a plurality of first light-emitting blocks.First light source is arranged at the relative both sides of first LGP, and first light-emitting blocks is close to the configuration of first light source.Second LGP has a plurality of second light-emitting blocks, is close to the configuration of first light-emitting blocks respectively.Secondary light source is arranged at the relative both sides of second LGP.Second optical microstructures is arranged at second LGP, and each second optical microstructures comprises the second functional micro-structural and the second even photosensitiveness micro-structural.The second functional micro-structural corresponding second light-emitting blocks setting respectively.The second even photosensitiveness micro-structural distributes to secondary light source from second light-emitting blocks respectively, and wherein the pattern density of the second even photosensitiveness micro-structural successively decreases to secondary light source from second light-emitting blocks respectively.The 3rd LGP has at least one the 3rd light-emitting blocks, is close to second light-emitting blocks and between second light-emitting blocks.The 3rd light source is arranged at the relative both sides of the 3rd LGP respectively.The 3rd optical microstructures is arranged at the 3rd LGP, comprises the 3rd functional micro-structural and the 3rd even photosensitiveness micro-structural.Corresponding the 3rd light-emitting blocks setting of the 3rd functional micro-structural.To the 3rd distribution of light sources, wherein the pattern density of the 3rd even photosensitiveness micro-structural successively decreases to the 3rd light source from the 3rd light-emitting blocks the 3rd even photosensitiveness micro-structural from the 3rd light-emitting blocks.
Backlight module with side-light type of double-deck above LGP; Can see through the design of optical microstructures; Make its function, and, make that the side light type back light module bright dipping with local dimming function is more even through changing the pattern density of even photosensitiveness micro-structural with local dimming.
Description of drawings
For letting above-mentioned and other purposes of the present invention, characteristic, advantage and the embodiment can be more obviously understandable, the detailed description of appended accompanying drawing be following:
Fig. 1 shows the vertical view of backlight module one embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 shows the profile of backlight module one embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 shows the upward view of first LGP among Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 shows the upward view of second LGP among Fig. 2;
Fig. 5 is the local amplification inclinating view of second LGP among Fig. 4;
Fig. 6 shows the vertical view of another embodiment of backlight module of the present invention;
Fig. 7 shows the profile of another embodiment of backlight module of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the upward view of second LGP among Fig. 7;
Fig. 9 is the upward view of the 3rd LGP among Fig. 8.
Wherein, Reference numeral:
Separate type multifrequency satellite receiving system 20 shells in 10
100: backlight module 200: backlight module
LGP 211 in 210: the first: incidence surface
Light-emitting blocks 213 in 212: the first: exiting surface
214: not bright dipping block 215: bottom surface
220: the second LGPs of 216: the first sub-light-emitting blocks
221: 222: the second light-emitting blocks of incidence surface
223: 224: the second sub-light-emitting blocks of exiting surface
225: 230: the first light sources in bottom surface
240: 250: the first optical microstructures of secondary light source
Optical microstructures 262 in 260: the second: functional micro-structural
264: even photosensitiveness micro-structural 300: backlight module
312: the first light-emitting blocks of 310: the first LGPs
322: the second light-emitting blocks of 320: the second LGPs
332: the three light-emitting blocks of 330: the three LGPs
Light source 350 in 340: the first: secondary light source
370: the second optical microstructures of 360: the three light sources
374: the second even photosensitiveness micro-structurals of 372: the second functional micro-structurals
382: the three functional micro-structurals of 380: the three optical microstructures
384: the three even 390: the first optical microstructures of photosensitiveness micro-structural
D1, d2, d3, d4: spacing y1, y2: distribution length
The specific embodiment
Below will be with accompanying drawing and detailed description, any those skilled in the art after understanding preferred embodiment of the present invention, when can be by the disclosed technology of the present invention, equivalents in addition.
With reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, it shows vertical view and the profile of backlight module one embodiment of the present invention respectively.Backlight module 200 comprises first LGP 210, second LGP 220, a plurality of first light source 230 and a plurality of secondary light sources 240.Second LGP 220 is stacked and placed on first LGP 210.First light source 230 lays respectively at the relative both sides of first LGP 210, and secondary light source 240 lays respectively at the relative both sides of second LGP 220.Secondary light source 240 also is stacked and placed on first light source 230.First LGP 210 has two incidence surfaces 211 and the exiting surface 213 in the face of first light source 230, and wherein incidence surface 211 is perpendicular to exiting surface 213.Second LGP 220 has in the face of two incidence surfaces 221 of secondary light source 240 and an exiting surface 223, and wherein incidence surface 221 is perpendicular to exiting surface 223.In present embodiment, first LGP 210 and second LGP 220 are the LGP of uniform in thickness.In other embodiments, first LGP 210 and second LGP 220 can be the LGP of wedge shape, and first LGP 210 and second LGP 220 can be mutual overlapping chimericly placement.
Backlight module 200 includes first optical microstructures 250 that is arranged on first LGP 210, and is arranged at second optical microstructures 260 on second LGP 220.First optical microstructures 250 can be arranged at first LGP 210 can be arranged at the bottom surface 225 of second LGP 220 with respect to exiting surface 223 with respect to bottom surface 215, the second optical microstructures 260 of exiting surface 213.Second optical microstructures 260 is distributed in the mid portion of second LGP 220; Design through first optical microstructures 250 and second optical microstructures 260; Can backlight module 200 be divided into first light-emitting blocks 212 and second light-emitting blocks 222; Function with local dimming in the backlight module 200 that is implemented in side light type; Below conjunction with figs. is specified the specific embodiment how the present invention realizes local dimming, and how to reduce the splicing vestige between first light-emitting blocks 212 and second light-emitting blocks 222.
Simultaneously referring to figs. 1 through Fig. 4, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 show first LGP 210 and the upward view of second LGP 220 among Fig. 2 respectively.Among Fig. 3, first LGP 210 has a plurality of first light-emitting blocks, 212, the first light-emitting blocks 212 adjacent to first light source 230, and in the middle of first light-emitting blocks 212 of both sides, stays not bright dipping block 214.Though first optical microstructures 250 is the complete lower surfaces that are distributed in first LGP 210, through the design of micro-structural, can the light that first light source 230 is sent be concentrated on first light-emitting blocks 212 and send, and not never bright dipping block 214 send.
220 of second LGPs have at least one second light-emitting blocks 222; At least one second light-emitting blocks 222 is between first light-emitting blocks 212; The position of second light-emitting blocks 222 then is the not bright dipping block 214 corresponding to first LGP 210; In other words, the not bright dipping of second light-emitting zone 222 and first LGP 210 zone 214 has the overlapping region in the upright projection direction.Second optical microstructures 260 mainly is to distribute corresponding to second light-emitting blocks 222, and the light that makes secondary light source 240 sent mainly sends from second light-emitting blocks 222.
Yet; For the light that makes backlight module 200 sent more even; Second optical microstructures 260 can part overlap with first light-emitting blocks 212; The light of part secondary light source 240 can send from the periphery of second light-emitting blocks 222, to relax the border of first light-emitting blocks 212 and second light-emitting blocks 222.Second light-emitting blocks 222 here be defined as on second LGP 220 position corresponding to the not bright dipping block 214 of first LGP 210.
More particularly, second optical microstructures 260 includes functional micro-structural 262 and even photosensitiveness micro-structural 264.Functional micro-structural 262 is provided with corresponding to second light-emitting blocks 222, and even 264 of photosensitiveness micro-structurals are the peripheries that is arranged at functional micro-structural 262, promptly extends to the direction of secondary light source 240 from the position of second light-emitting blocks 222.Even photosensitiveness micro-structural 264 is connected with functional micro-structural 262.The position of even photosensitiveness micro-structural 264 can be partly overlapping with the position of first light-emitting blocks 212.
The pattern density homogeneous of functional micro-structural 262 makes the pattern of light through functional micro-structural 262 of secondary light source 240 destroy total reflection, and from 222 bright dippings of second light-emitting blocks.The pattern density of even photosensitiveness micro-structural 264 is except the pattern density less than functional micro-structural 262; The pattern density of even photosensitiveness micro-structural 264 more successively decreases to the direction of secondary light source 240 from functional micro-structural 262, and promptly the pattern density of even photosensitiveness micro-structural 264 outwards successively decreases from second light-emitting blocks 222.The few part light that makes secondary light source 240 sent also can be from the some bright dipping of even photosensitiveness micro-structural 264 correspondences; Make to be connected more smooth-going between second light-emitting blocks 222 and first light-emitting blocks 212, make that backlight module 200 bright dippings of side-light type with local dimming function are more even.In present embodiment, secondary light source 240 is arranged at the relative dual-side of second LGP 220, and therefore even photosensitiveness micro-structural 264 distributes toward secondary light source 240 extensions from the relative dual-side of second light-emitting blocks 222 (being provided with functional micro-structural 262).Because first light source 230 all is arranged at the homonymy of second LGP 220 with secondary light source 240, so spares photosensitiveness micro-structural 264 and extend distribution toward first light source 240 from the relative dual-side of second light-emitting blocks 222 (being provided with functional micro-structural 262).
First light-emitting blocks 212 and second light-emitting blocks 222 can be subdivided into a plurality of first sub-light-emitting blocks 216 and a plurality of second sub-light-emitting blocks 224.First light source 230 that is positioned at first LGP, 210 both sides also is assigned with corresponding each first sub-light-emitting blocks 216; The brightness of each first sub-light-emitting blocks 216 pairing these part first light source 230 or colour temperature etc. can have nothing in common with each other, to reach the effect of local dimming.The brightness of each second sub-light-emitting blocks 224 pairing these part secondary light source 240 or colour temperature etc. can have nothing in common with each other, to reach the effect of local dimming.So, for convenient explanation, only draw eight districts, the first sub-light-emitting blocks 216 and the second sub-light-emitting blocks 224, but the invention is not restricted to this.
With reference to Fig. 5, it is the local amplification inclinating view of second LGP 220 among Fig. 4.Specifically, even photosensitiveness micro-structural 264 includes a plurality of sites, and the site can see through the mode that printing-ink or laser get ready and form.The spacing that the site is parallel between secondary light source 240 orientations increases progressively to secondary light source 240 from second light-emitting blocks 222.For instance, the spacing between the site is from being spacing d1, d2, d3, d4 etc. near second light-emitting blocks 222 to secondary light source 240 comparatively in regular turn.Relation between spacing d1, d2, d3, the d4 can increase progressively for equal difference, geometric ratio increases progressively or increase at random all can.Specifically; The design that spacing equal difference increases progressively is suitable for the long design of even electrical distance; The design that the spacing geometric ratio increases progressively is suitable for the short design of even electrical distance, can decide the mode of its distribution according to the area (width or length) that even photosensitiveness micro-structural 264 must be provided with.The site of even photosensitiveness micro-structural 264 can be distribution at random, increases progressively to secondary light source 240 from second light-emitting blocks 222 as long as be parallel to the spacing of secondary light source 240 directions between the site.In another embodiment, even photosensitiveness micro-structural 264 also can be the surface micro-structure that other can control opticpath, for example, and from LGP rat or recessed micro-structural.
The distribution area of even photosensitiveness micro-structural 264 is half the less than the distribution area of functional micro-structural 262, to promote the benefit of even in fact light.The distribution area of even photosensitiveness micro-structural 264 be functional micro-structural 262 distribution area 1/15th to 1/4th, the subjective determination of human eye is comparatively natural in this scope, has good even light effect.Because functional micro-structural 262 is identical with the dispersion of distribution of even photosensitiveness micro-structural 264 on second LGP 220, in other words, the distribution length y1 that spares photosensitiveness micro-structural 264 be functional micro-structural 262 distribution length y2 1/15th to 1/4th.Yet; In order to pursue the big effectiveness of even photosensitiveness micro-structural 264; The distribution area of even photosensitiveness micro-structural 264 preferably be functional micro-structural 262 distribution area 1/15th to 1/10th, the distribution length y1 that promptly spares photosensitiveness micro-structural 264 be functional micro-structural 262 distribution length y2 1/15th to 1/10th.
The present invention is except that the side light type back light module that can be applicable to double layer light guide board; Also can be applicable to three layers or more in the backlight module of multilayer LGP; In following examples; Only describe with regard to the embodiment of three layers of LGP, this technology can be applicable to the more backlight module of the LGP of multilayer number.
Fig. 6 and shown in Figure 7, it shows vertical view and the profile of another embodiment of backlight module of the present invention respectively.In the backlight module 300, second LGP 320 is stacked on first LGP 310, and the 3rd LGP 330 is stacked on second LGP 320.First light source 340 is arranged at the relative both sides of first LGP 310 respectively, and secondary light source 350 is arranged at the relative both sides of second LGP 320 respectively, and the 3rd light source 360 is arranged at the relative both sides of the 3rd LGP 330 respectively.In present embodiment, first light source 340, secondary light source 350 and the 3rd light source 360 are arranged at homonymy and are overlapped.
Have two first light-emitting blocks 312 on first LGP 310, be close to 340 configurations of first light source.Have a plurality of second light-emitting blocks 322 on second LGP 320, be close to 312 configurations of first light-emitting blocks, and between first light-emitting blocks 312.Have 322 configurations of at least one the 3rd light-emitting blocks 332, the three light-emitting blocks 332 next-door neighbours second light-emitting blocks on the 3rd LGP 330, and between second light-emitting blocks 322.Has first optical microstructures 390 on first LGP 310; Has second optical microstructures 370 on second LGP 320; Has the 3rd optical microstructures 380 on the 3rd LGP 330; The light that makes the light source 340 of winning is mainly from 312 bright dippings of first light-emitting blocks, and the light of secondary light source 350 is mainly from 322 bright dippings of second light-emitting blocks, and the light of the 3rd light source 360 is mainly from 332 bright dippings of the 3rd light-emitting blocks.
In order to make the linking of winning between light-emitting blocks 312, second light-emitting blocks 322 and the 3rd light-emitting blocks 332 more smooth-going, second optical microstructures 370 and the 3rd optical microstructures 380 that are distributed in second LGP 320 and the 3rd LGP 330 can have the design corresponding to aforesaid functional micro-structural 272 (372,382) and even photosensitiveness micro-structural 274 (374,384) equally.
With reference to Fig. 8, it is the upward view of second LGP 320 among Fig. 7.Second LGP 320 has two second light-emitting blocks 322; Second optical microstructures 370 includes the second functional micro-structural 372 that is provided with corresponding to second light-emitting blocks 322; And be arranged at second light-emitting blocks, 322 peripheries, to the second even photosensitiveness micro-structural 374 of secondary light source 350 distributions.The second even photosensitiveness micro-structural 374 can be shown in present embodiment; Only be arranged at second light-emitting blocks 322 and regard to a side of contiguous secondary light source 350; Perhaps, in other embodiments, the second even photosensitiveness micro-structural 374 can be arranged at the relative both sides of second light-emitting blocks 322.Likewise, the pattern density of the second even photosensitiveness micro-structural 374 is to successively decrease to secondary light source 350 from second light-emitting blocks 322.Second even photosensitiveness micro-structural 374 detail characteristics can be with reference to the explanation of Fig. 5.
With reference to Fig. 9, it is the upward view of the 3rd LGP 330 among Fig. 8.The 3rd optical microstructures 380 includes the 3rd functional micro-structural 382 that is provided with corresponding to the 3rd light-emitting blocks 332, and is arranged at the 3rd light-emitting blocks 332 peripheries, to the 3rd even photosensitiveness micro-structural 384 of the 3rd light source 360 distributions.Likewise, the pattern density of the 3rd even photosensitiveness micro-structural 384 is to successively decrease to the 3rd light source 360 from the 3rd light-emitting blocks 332.The 3rd even photosensitiveness micro-structural 384 detail characteristics can be with reference to the explanation of Fig. 5.
Can know by the invention described above preferred embodiment, use the present invention and have advantage.Backlight module with side-light type of double-deck above LGP; Can see through the design of optical microstructures; Make its function, and, make that the side light type back light module bright dipping with local dimming function is more even through changing the pattern density of even photosensitiveness micro-structural with local dimming.
Though the present invention discloses as above with a preferred embodiment, so it is not that any those skilled in the art are not breaking away from the spirit and scope of the present invention, when making various equivalents in order to qualification the present invention.

Claims (11)

1. a backlight module is characterized in that, comprises:
One first LGP has a plurality of first light-emitting blocks;
One second LGP is stacked and placed on this first LGP, has at least one second light-emitting blocks;
A plurality of first light sources are arranged at the relative both sides of this first LGP, adjacent these first light sources of these first light-emitting blocks, and this second light-emitting blocks is between these first light-emitting blocks;
A plurality of secondary light sources are arranged at the relative both sides of this second LGP;
One optical microstructures is arranged on the surface of this second LGP, and this optical microstructures comprises:
One functional micro-structural, corresponding to this second light-emitting blocks setting, and
One even photosensitiveness micro-structural distributes to these secondary light sources from this second light-emitting blocks, and the pattern density that wherein should spare the photosensitiveness micro-structural successively decreases to these secondary light sources from this second light-emitting blocks.
2. backlight module as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, wherein should even photosensitiveness micro-structural comprise a plurality of sites, and the spacing that these sites are parallel between these secondary light source directions increases progressively to these secondary light sources from this second light-emitting blocks.
3. backlight module as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, wherein the uniform in thickness of this first LGP and this second LGP.
4. backlight module as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, wherein this second LGP has an exiting surface, and this optical microstructures is arranged at the bottom surface of this second LGP with respect to this exiting surface.
5. backlight module as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, wherein this second LGP has two incidence surfaces and the exiting surface in the face of these secondary light sources, and these incidence surfaces are perpendicular to this exiting surface.
6. backlight module as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, distribution area that wherein should even photosensitiveness micro-structural is half the less than the distribution area of this functional micro-structural.
7. backlight module as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, distribution area that wherein should even photosensitiveness micro-structural be this functional micro-structural distribution area 1/15th to 1/4th.
8. backlight module as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, distribution area that wherein should even photosensitiveness micro-structural be this functional micro-structural distribution area 1/15th to 1/10th.
9. backlight module as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, wherein the light of these first light sources is mainly from these first light-emitting blocks bright dippings.
10. backlight module as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, wherein the light of these secondary light sources is mainly from this second light-emitting blocks bright dipping.
11. a backlight module is characterized in that, comprises:
One first LGP has a plurality of first light-emitting blocks;
A plurality of first light sources are arranged at the relative both sides of this first LGP, these first light sources configurations of these first light-emitting blocks next-door neighbour;
One second LGP has a plurality of second light-emitting blocks, is close to these first light-emitting blocks configurations respectively;
A plurality of secondary light sources are arranged at the relative both sides of this second LGP; A plurality of second optical microstructures are arranged at this second LGP, and each these second optical microstructures comprises:
One second functional micro-structural, respectively corresponding these second light-emitting blocks settings, and
One second even photosensitiveness micro-structural distributes to these secondary light sources from these second light-emitting blocks respectively, and wherein the pattern density of this second even photosensitiveness micro-structural successively decreases to these secondary light sources from these second light-emitting blocks respectively;
One the 3rd LGP has at least one the 3rd light-emitting blocks, is close to these second light-emitting blocks and between these second light-emitting blocks;
A plurality of the 3rd light sources are arranged at the relative both sides of the 3rd LGP respectively; And
At least one the 3rd optical microstructures is arranged at the 3rd LGP, comprises:
One the 3rd functional micro-structural, to should the 3rd light-emitting blocks setting, and
One the 3rd even photosensitiveness micro-structural, to these the 3rd distribution of light sources, wherein the pattern density of the 3rd even photosensitiveness micro-structural successively decreases to these the 3rd light sources from the 3rd light-emitting blocks from the 3rd light-emitting blocks.
CN2012100735668A 2011-12-15 2012-03-15 Backlight module Pending CN102635815A (en)

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TWI635340B (en) * 2017-03-31 2018-09-11 茂林光電科技股份有限公司 Back light module capable of distribute uniform light and luminous keyboard
CN115980909A (en) * 2023-03-22 2023-04-18 惠科股份有限公司 Light emitting module and display device

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TWI635340B (en) * 2017-03-31 2018-09-11 茂林光電科技股份有限公司 Back light module capable of distribute uniform light and luminous keyboard
CN115980909A (en) * 2023-03-22 2023-04-18 惠科股份有限公司 Light emitting module and display device

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TW201323993A (en) 2013-06-16

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Application publication date: 20120815