CN102635160B - Component based method for acquiring initial rigidity of semi-rigid joints - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for analyzing and acquiring initial rotational rigidity of semi-rigid joints of a steel structure, which includes: firstly, identifying bearing mechanism of a joint which is activated or not activated under the action of load; secondly, dividing the joint into a series of equivalent T-components, establishing a component model of the T-components, and acquiring initial tensile and compressive rigidity values of the T-components by the component based method; thirdly, simulating the T-components via springs the same in rigidity, simulating the hole joint into a component model composed of a series of springs and members; and fourthly, calculating to obtain the initial rotational rigidity of the joint component model, and predicting and acquiring rigidity of the component in a plastic stage and an intensive stage according to the principle of triple lines. By the method, problems that joint property simulation distorts and results are inaccurate in design and calculation of steel structure semi-rigid joints according to the existing European codes due more varieties of components and complex relation of the components are solved. The method is high in accuracy and reliability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to steel construction design-build field, particularly relate to a kind of acquisition methods of structures with semi-rigid joints initial stiffness of steel work.
Background technology
Steel work is the important fabric structure form of the industries such as building, water conservancy, traffic, mine, is widely used in the every field of the national economic development.
Node is the crucial coupling part in building structure, and joint behavior directly affects frame construction under load action, and the global behavior especially under dynamic load function has significant impact for the stressed of total and safety.Once node destroys, structural element can not play a role by force again.Be simplified to desirable hinged with the usual beam-to-column joint by framework or completely just connect.In fact, engineering node is difficult to accomplish to be completely just to have connect or desirable hinged.In european norm (EuroCode3, EuroCode4) and Japanese specification, rigidity, semi-rigid and hinged joint three types can be divided into by frame member rigidity and with or without sidesway.Structures with semi-rigid joints has both advantage another concurrently, and allows restricted rotational movement and there is structural damping, therefore is conducive to monolithic stability and the power consumption of structure.
Generally, present stage is grasped still abundant not to the Mechanical Characters of Composite Ground of structures with semi-rigid joints, Steel Construction In China design specifications (GB50017--2003) do not propose how to realize yet structures with semi-rigid joints designing and calculating, require standard and implementation step etc.Node load-bearing performance is split as a series of independently basic module by european norm EuroCode3, and the mechanical characteristic of the assembly that is activated represents with the spring with identical or close mechanical characteristic.Nodal analysis method based on assembly method is not only convenient to carry out structures with semi-rigid joints design, and is very suitable for the general frame mechanical analysis containing great deal of nodes, has been widely used in structural entity design, has collapsed and the field such as large deformation calculating, structure fire-resistant.Therefore the assembly type analytical method of further research and extension structures with semi-rigid joints is necessary very much.
In current Eurocode3 specification, adopt a spring to simulate to each assembly of node, this method Problems existing is: the assembly kind that (1) may participate in work is more, the assembly that easy omission is activated individually.(2) contact between numerous assembly is complicated, makes the distortion of paired node proterties simulation.Compared with Eurocode3, the difference of this method is with T-shaped for fundamental analysis unit, and by each
ta shaped piece spring is simulated.The step of this method is more succinct and clear and definite, and propose the computational methods of bolt tension assembly rigidity, edge of a wing curved scissors assembly rigidity and web tension assembly rigidity etc. targetedly, the number of springs of node component formula model reduces, contrast visible with test result, the node initial stiffness that this method obtains has higher precision.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to for the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of acquisition methods of steel work structures with semi-rigid joints initial stiffness is provided.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, solution of the present invention is: a kind of steel work structures with semi-rigid joints rotates analysis and the acquisition methods of initial stiffness, comprises the following steps:
(1) be identified in load action lower node to be activated and the carrying mechanism be not activated, be activated the participation work under certain loading status that refers to, is not activated to refer to have neither part nor lot in work under certain loading status;
(2) the component situation participating in work according to being activated is split as a series of equivalence node
tshaped piece;
(3) basis
tthe geometry of shaped piece and mechanics parameter, set up
tthe assembly type model of shaped piece, and obtain by assembly type method
tthe initial tensile of shaped piece and compression stiffness values;
(4)
tthe shaped piece spring simulation with same stiffness;
(5) integral node is modeled as the assembly type model that a series of spring and rod member form;
(6) initial stiffness obtaining node component formula model is calculated;
(7) use tri linear criterion, predict and obtain plastic stage and the strain rigidity of node.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, instant invention overcomes existing european norm in steel work structures with semi-rigid joints designing and calculating because assembly kind is more and contact complexity between assembly causes the distortion to the simulation of node proterties and institute obtain result problem not accurately, there is higher accuracy and reliability.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is connection stiffness preparation method flow chart;
Fig. 2 is T-shaped tension initial stiffness preparation method flow chart;
Fig. 3 is
tshaped piece failure mode schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is T-shaped force analysis and assembly type illustraton of model;
Fig. 5 is geometric parameter (unit: the mm) figure of top-seat-angle steel, double-angle joint test component TC-1;
Fig. 6 is geometric parameter (unit: the mm) figure of T-shaped joint test component TA-1;
Fig. 7 is geometric parameter (unit: the mm) figure of extended end plate joint test component TB-1;
Fig. 8 is geometric parameter (unit: the mm) figure of extended end plate joint test component TB-2;
Fig. 9 is the assembly type illustraton of model of test component TC-1;
Figure 10 is the assembly type illustraton of model of test component TA-1;
Figure 11 is the assembly type illustraton of model of test component TB-1 and TB-2;
Figure 12 is the moment-rotation relationship comparison diagram of test component TA-1;
Figure 13 is the moment-rotation relationship comparison diagram of test component TB-1;
Figure 14 is the moment-rotation relationship comparison diagram of test component TB-2;
Figure 15 is the moment-rotation relationship comparison diagram of test component TC-1.
Detailed description of the invention
General technical route of the present invention:
Selection steel structure node
tshaped piece as analysis elementary cell, according to
tthe Mechanical Characters of Composite Ground of shaped piece and failure mode, set up
tthe assembly type model of shaped piece.Be a series of node equivalent on this basis
tthe combination also final initial stiffness obtaining node of shaped piece.
Describe the present invention in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, object of the present invention and effect will become more obvious.
As shown in Figure 1, the acquisition methods that the present invention is based on the steel work structures with semi-rigid joints initial stiffness that assembly is sent out comprises the steps:
Step 1: be identified in load action lower node and be activated and the carrying mechanism be not activated, be activated the participation work under certain loading status that refers to, is not activated to refer to have neither part nor lot in work under certain loading status.
General bean column node is activated and the carrying mechanism of bearing load has bolt tension, edge of a wing tension curved scissors web tension and web to be cut this several load-bearing mechanism.
Step 2: the carrying mechanism situation participating in work according to being activated is split as a series of equivalence node
tshaped piece.
Grasp in step 1 and to be activated and after the distribution participating in the carrying mechanism of work and stressing conditions, can a series of equivalence of node
tthe combination of shaped piece replaces.To be activated and the carrying mechanism that participates in work is relatively independent owing to thinking, so the mechanical behavior of not concept transfer entirety like this.
Step 3: according to
tthe geometry of shaped piece and mechanics parameter, set up
tthe assembly type model of shaped piece, and obtain by assembly type method
tthe initial tensile of shaped piece and compression stiffness values.
As shown in Figure 2, for
tshaped piece tension initial stiffness preparation method flow chart.First differentiate under tensile load operating mode
tbe activated in shaped piece and participate in each stand-alone assembly of work; Then to determine to be activated the mechanical characteristic of assembly by calculating or testing, comprise bolt tension assembly, edge of a wing curved scissors assembly and web tension assembly, and describe with the spring with identical or close mechanical characteristic; Finally will represent the groups of springs synthesis node simplified model of each independent bearing mechanism, in order to research
tthe overall mechanical property of shaped piece.
tshaped piece Stress property, assembly type model and concrete calculation and analysis methods are as follows:
Different according to the position that node plastic hinge occurs, T-shaped failure mode under the effect of axle pulling force can be divided into bolt draw bad (Mode1), edge of a wing generation plastic hinge (Mode2) and combine destruction (Mode3) three kinds, as Fig. 3.And then can analyze be activated be bolt tension, edge of a wing curved scissors destroy and web tension three kinds of load-bearing mechanism, i.e. three kinds of assemblies.First calculate respectively maximum load capacity and the rigidity of these three kinds of assemblies, then integrate and obtain entirety
tthe mechanical characteristic of shaped piece.
1. bolt tension assembly:
The maximum tensile capacity of single bolt is:
； （1）
f yb for the yield strength of bolt,
a b for single bolt section area.
The controlled colored Petri nets of single bolt is:
； （2）
f ub for the ultimate strength of bolt.
The initial stiffness of single bolt elastic stage is:
； （3）
l b for bolt tension length,
efor the modulus of elasticity of bolt material.
2. edge of a wing curved scissors assembly:
tthe rigidity on the shaped piece edge of a wing is taken as the ratio that pulling force suffered by frange plate and frange plate are out of shape under a stretching force, the wherein distortion of frange plate under the effect of web pulling force
for:
； （4）
In above formula, on the right side of equation, Section 1 is the displacement that moment of flexure produces, and Section 2 is the displacement that axle power produces, the displacement that Section 3 produces for shearing.Edge of a wing load-bearing rigidity is formed, is expressed as to bolt (AB section) and bolt to frange plate end (BC section) two parts rigidity by web
k fv1 ,
k fv2 .The impact of T-shaped AB section axle power is less, therefore can be similar to the impact only considered by curved scissors, its distortion
for:
； （5）
In above formula
,
,
for the internal force that actual loading causes;
,
,
for the internal force that illusory unit load causes;
vfor shearing suffered on cross section;
kfor the cross section shape coefficient of shearing strain, square-section desirable 6/5.
Therefore AB section rigidity is:
； （6）
In formula
l aB for
a,
bdistance between two points,
gfor steel cutting modulus:
； （7）
Get poisson's ratio
, then formula (6) is:
； （8）
Wherein,
t f for frange plate thickness,
a vf for frange plate sectional area.
tthe impact of shaped piece BC section axle power and moment of flexure is all less, therefore can be similar to the impact only considering shearing, its distortion
for:
； （9）
Therefore BC section rigidity is:
； （10）
In formula
l bC for
b,
cdistance between two points.
tthe yield failure of the shaped piece edge of a wing judges according to fourth strength theory:
； （11）
In formula
,
,
for three main stress bares at component dangerous spot place.
for equivalent stress;
for allowable stress
Therefore can the edge of a wing be extrapolated
athe vertical pulling force maximum value in some place is:
； （12）
In formula
for bending sections coefficient, other symbol is the same.
Consider symmetry, get
athe edge of a wing spring tension yield limit at some place is:
； （13）
Similarly,
b,
cthe edge of a wing between point is mainly by shearing action, and shear stress reaches
time material enter plastic state, therefore development of maximum shear strength is:
； （14）
w z for bending sections coefficient,
f y.f for the yield strength of steel,
a vf1 for edge of a wing shear(ing) area,
a vf2 for edge of a wing shear(ing) area below nut.
3. web tension assembly:
Web tension maximum load capacity is:
； （15）
f y.w for
tthe yield strength of shaped piece web steel,
a w for
tthe cross section under tension of shaped piece web amasss.
The tension rigidity of web is:
； （16）
h w for
tthe height of shaped piece tension web.
Because frange plate plate end has compressive stress to occur when the distortion of node tension initial stage bolt is less, as shown in Figure 4 (a), when therefore calculating, visual frange plate is lever, and bolt strained is plate end pressure and pulling force sum.
The assembly type model of T-shaped:
T-shaped the simplified model be made up of spring and rod member can be constructed, as shown in Figure 4 (b) according to the position at each component place and mutual contact.
tthe overall tension initial stiffness design formulas of shaped piece is as follows:
； （17）
Wherein
l bC , l aC be respectively in Fig. 2 (a)
b,
cwith
a,
cspacing.
Similarly can also be right
tthe pressurized proterties of shaped piece is carried out analyzing and is set up its assembly type model, but equivalent
tshaped piece pressurized mainly
tthe web pressurized of shaped piece be also column web pressurized, therefore its initial compressional stiffness is web material compressional stiffness.
Step 4:
tthe shaped piece spring simulation with same stiffness;
Obtain after step 3
tthe initial stiffness value of shaped piece, then replaces as calculated with the spring with identical initial stiffness
tshaped piece.
Step 5: integral node is modeled as the assembly type model that a series of spring and rod member form;
Each
tposition residing for shaped piece substitutes one with a spring
tshaped piece, so just can obtain integral node assembly type model, this model by a series of spring according to certain spatial relation with connect each other formed.
Step 6: calculate the initial stiffness obtaining node component formula model;
The initial stiffness of node component formula model, can be calculated by following formula and obtain in small deformation situation:
； （18）
In formula:
k cwc for column web pressurized rigidity,
k cwv for column web is cut rigidity,
k t for the integral rigidity of tension assembly,
h 0 for the clear height of node component formula model, namely go up most and under spring between vertical distance.
Step 7: use tri linear criterion, predicts and obtains plastic stage and the strain rigidity of node.
The tri linear criterion adopted in the present invention is: when moment of flexure arrives the plastic moment value of 2/3, slope gets the initial stiffness value of 1/7; After moment of flexure reaches plastic moment value, slope gets the initial stiffness value of 1/40.
Embodiment
The accuracy of mode of specifically having a try and result is described for the contrast of certain result of the test and this method result.This light steel frame beam, post all adopt Q235-B hot rolled H-shaped (GB/T11263-1998), and beam adopts HN300 × 150 × 6 × 9, and post adopts HW200 × 200 × 8 × 12, and beam actual measurement tensile yield strength average is 280N/mm
2, post actual measurement tensile yield strength average is 275N/mm
2, adopt 10.9 grades of M20 high-strength friction bolt connections.The detailed geometric parameter of test node is as Fig. 5,6,7,8.Wherein the angle steel model of top-seat-angle steel, double-angle connection test specimen TC-1 is L90 × 10, and the T-shaped connector steel plate thickness of TA-1 is 12mm, and T-steel model is 175 × 150 × 12 × 12, and column web is all added with stiffening rib in case post component first unstability flexing.
According to this method, can obtain the assembly type model with spring, rod member composition, as shown in Fig. 9,10,11, wherein each spring all represents T-shaped corresponding of equivalence.
In fig .9,
k cwv for column web is cut rigidity;
k tt1 for top angle steel or end plate equivalence
tthe extensional rigidity of shaped piece;
k tc1 for bottom angle steel or end plate equivalence
tthe pressurized rigidity of shaped piece; Be respectively the equivalence of web-angle or end plate
tshaped piece tension, pressurized rigidity;
k tt for top
ttype connecting key tension rigidity;
k tc for bottom
tshaped piece pressurized rigidity; For the distance of bottom flange centreline space on beam.In the assembly type model of structures with semi-rigid joints, equivalence
tshaped piece pressurized mainly
tthe web pressurized of shaped piece, then have
k tc =
k cwc tension assembly mainly T-shaped of the node bending resistance neutral axis above tension equivalence of structures with semi-rigid joints, therefore
k tt =
k t .Then bring the initial stiffness design formulas that formula (18) obtains assembly type model into:
； （19）
For test specimen TC-1, above formula also should change to some extent
k tc =(a+b) K tc2 + K tc1 ;
k tt =(a+b) K tt2 + K tt1 .In formula
a,
bfor factor of proportionality and all≤1, can be calculated by the distance of each equivalent spring to bending resistance neutral axis.As calculated, the result of calculation of structures with semi-rigid joints initial stiffness is obtained in table 1.
table 1: the test value of node initial stiffness compares with calculated value (
)
| Test specimen is numbered | Result of the test | Result herein |
| TA-1 | 17.1 | 16.8 |
| TB-1 | 18.8 | 17.0 |
| TB-2 | 19.0 | 18.6 |
| TC-1 | 11.1 | 8.8 |
From result of calculation, that initial stiffness is maximum is test specimen TB-2, is secondly that extended end plate connects test specimen TB-1 and TA-1, and that rigidity is minimum is top-seat-angle steel, double-angle connection test specimen TC-1.Wherein, the initial stiffness of TB-2 is greater than the reason of TB-1 is that the former link plate thickness is greater than the latter; The reason that TA-1 test specimen calculating initial stiffness is greater than TC-1 test specimen is that the primary structure member (bolt, connecting elements etc.) of TA-1 more concentrates on top and the bottom of beam, is more conducive to the anti-bending strength strengthening node.Table 1 gives the result of calculation of the test value of node initial stiffness and the result of calculation of context of methods, contrast show the node initial stiffness that calculates herein and test value very close.
The Moment Rotation performance of the tri-linear model description node adopted, is specially: when moment of flexure arrives the plastic moment value of 2/3, slope gets the initial stiffness value of 1/7; After moment of flexure reaches plastic moment value, slope gets the initial stiffness value of 1/40.The moment-rotation relationship curve and the result of the test that calculate node are also coincide very well, refer to Figure 12,13,14,15.
Relative to prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
Adopt the inventive method, steel work structures with semi-rigid joints initial stiffness can be obtained easily, and using this initial stiffness as basic index, obtain plastic stiffness and strengthening rigidity according to the prediction of tri linear criterion.Initial stiffness value is in the relation of the moment of flexure and corner that reflect elastic stage node, and tri linear criterion can be predicted plastic stage and strain curve and have enough accuracies.The present invention has clear and definite design formulas and normalized implementation step, and the structure structures with semi-rigid joints initial stiffness obtained is more accurate, can avoid omitting the contact between assembly and assembly be activated individually, have significant characteristic and advantage.
Finally, it should be noted that above what enumerate is only specific embodiments of the invention.Obviously, the invention is not restricted to above embodiment, many distortion can also be had.Any change in the implication suitable with claims of the present invention and scope, all should think to be included in the scope of claims.
Claims (1)
1. steel work structures with semi-rigid joints rotates analysis and an acquisition methods for initial stiffness, and it is characterized in that, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) be identified in load action lower node to be activated and the carrying mechanism be not activated, be activated the participation work under certain loading status that refers to, is not activated to refer to have neither part nor lot in work under certain loading status;
(2) the component situation participating in work according to being activated is split as a series of equivalence node
tshaped piece;
(3) basis
tthe geometry of shaped piece and mechanics parameter, set up
tthe assembly type model of shaped piece, and obtain by assembly type method
tthe initial tensile of shaped piece and compression stiffness values;
(4)
tthe shaped piece spring simulation with same stiffness;
(5) integral node is modeled as the assembly type model that a series of spring and rod member form;
(6) initial stiffness obtaining node component formula model is calculated;
(7) use tri linear criterion, predict and obtain plastic stage and the strain rigidity of node.
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| CN106897495B (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2022-12-23 | 湖北省路桥集团有限公司 | Compression bar stability calculation method of semi-rigid node and application |
| CN109800463A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-05-24 | 重庆顺泰铁塔制造有限公司 | Angle steel-gusset plate connection initial stiffness calculation method in angle steel tower |
| CN110705144B (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2023-03-14 | 青岛理工大学 | Method for determining optimal tooth arrangement rate of bolt and tooth combined force transmission steel-wood node |
| CN110686631B (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2021-01-22 | 河南工业大学 | Method for measuring initial bending defect of T-shaped section steel compression bar |
| CN111307614B (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2022-06-10 | 广西交科集团有限公司 | Method for measuring bending and shearing rigidity of continuous beam in sections |
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