CN102632344A - Welding deformation control process for ship superstructure - Google Patents
Welding deformation control process for ship superstructure Download PDFInfo
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- CN102632344A CN102632344A CN201110076765XA CN201110076765A CN102632344A CN 102632344 A CN102632344 A CN 102632344A CN 201110076765X A CN201110076765X A CN 201110076765XA CN 201110076765 A CN201110076765 A CN 201110076765A CN 102632344 A CN102632344 A CN 102632344A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a welding deformation control process for a ship superstructure. The welding deformation control process mainly includes the steps: a, increasing contraction deformation allowance for slabs for supporting the superstructure and arranging slab joints; b, treating the slabs; c, feeding the slabs; d, sectionally manufacturing the slabs; e, performing the welding sequence of mounting a framework, welding the slab joints, welding a butt weld, welding a corner weld, welding a transverse butt joint, welding a longitudinal butt joint, welding a short joint, welding a long joint, welding a central area, welding a peripheral area or symmetrically welding, welding a thick slab, welding a thin slab, welding the welds with large shrinkage, centrally symmetrically welding the corner weld with the size larger than 2m by the aid of even welders, or sectionally backward welding step by step; f, performing descending angle welding; and g, eliminating stress after welding. The welding deformation control process has the advantages that welding deformation is effectively controlled as compared with past welding deformation after the ship superstructure is integrally built by the steps during welding, and appearance quality of a ship is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates generally to a kind of ship superstructure welding deformation control technology, specifically is a kind of welding procedure to be optimized, and reaches the distortion-free control technology of weldment.
Background technology
Welding deformation is that weldment inhomogeneous heating in welding process causes that the ship superstructure welding deformation is excessive, then will directly influence the boats and ships presentation quality.The purpose of formulating control technology is exactly each step from the sheet material stage to the completion finished product at the project product, all runs through the theory that eliminates stress and avoid producing various stress as far as possible.
Summary of the invention
Main task of the present invention is to provide a kind of ship superstructure welding deformation control technology; Specifically be a kind of can effectively avoid producing stress and stress elimination, to the guaranteed ship superstructure welding deformation of boats and ships presentation quality control technology to having produced.
In order to solve above technical problem; A kind of ship superstructure welding deformation control technology of the present invention; It is characterized in that: a, the sheet material of supporting superstructure is placed the contraction distortion surplus, and plate seam is arranged: be arranged to weld seam with central shaft symmetrical; Be arranged on plate seam near the structural member; Wallboard and the platform formed at many plates use big plate as far as possible, reduce weld seam quantity; B, sheet material are handled: steel comprise a large amount of opening plates less than the thin plate of 8mm, the unified flat part stress of eliminating in the steel plate of roller that carries out with the Samsung roller before the plate cutting cutting; C, plate cutting: parts are proofreaied and correct and to the cutting zone removal stress that overdoes by the firer; D, sectional making: all segmentations are begun all to make at the reversely deformed jig frame with magnetic sign indicating number location to the segmentation global formation from horse manufacturing dress unsolder; When platform or moulding bed upper mounting plate material, adopt foundary weight to compress and realize that line style is identical and prevent distortion; E, welding sequence: first weldering plate seam behind the dress framework, the plate that need on moulding bed, weld really seam adopts and carries out framework earlier behind the jigsaw and install, and freezes together after installing framework, utilizes framework to come the welding deformation of confinement plate; Weld butt weld, leg welding seam again during welding earlier; Weldering transverse joint butt joint earlier, the butt joint of back weldering longitudinal joint, the short seam of weldering earlier welds slit again; Weld middle section earlier, back weldering peripheral regions, or balanced welding; First weldering slab, back weldering thin plate, the weld seam weldering earlier that amount of contraction is big, greater than the angle welding of 2m should adopt the even numbers welder divide in symmetrical welding or segmentation backstep welding; F, descending fillet welding: downward welding in the inclined position is used in fillet welding in the vertical position, on build and use downward welding in the inclined position on the angle welding too; G, postwelding disappear and answer: segmentation afterwards overdoes to disappear to the principal weld zone through the firer in the structure welding and answers.
The invention has the advantages that: in welding process, to after building integral constructing on the ship, welding deformation is compared and has been waited until better controlled in the past through above-mentioned steps, and the boats and ships presentation quality is better.
The specific embodiment
Welding deformation is that weldment inhomogeneous heating in welding process causes that the ship superstructure welding deformation is excessive, then will directly influence the boats and ships presentation quality.The purpose of formulating control technology is exactly each step from the sheet material stage to the completion finished product at the project product, all runs through the theory that eliminates stress and avoid producing various stress as far as possible.
One, technological design: owing to contraction distortion can occur in the parts welding process, the situation according to the thickness of slab size in design technology places the contraction distortion surplus, accurately controls surplus.Like following table:
With the shrinkage value is the cross-direction shrinkage value of standard surplus:
Vertical shrinkage value
The optimization plate sews cloth and puts: be arranged to weld seam with central shaft symmetrical as far as possible; Under the prerequisite of the standard that satisfies conventional welding procedure, be arranged on plate seam near the structural member, reduce seam deformation by the rigidity of structural member; Wallboard and the platform formed at many plates use big plate as far as possible, reduce weld seam quantity.For example 300t straddle truck girder and rigidity leg outside plate piece as usual jigsaw T-shaped seam, cross crotch can appear; In the process of row's plate, use the whole big plate of plate as far as possible; Avoid occurring T-shaped seam, cross crotch; Utilize clout to come structural member down, outside plate plate seam is arranged in structure and adds strong shelves position, effectively utilizes strong structure and prevents welding deformation.
Two, sheet material is handled: steel comprise a large amount of opening plates less than the thin plate of 8mm; And the sheet material handling causes areal deformation bigger; Put down so before the plate cutting cutting, unify to carry out roller, also eliminated the part stress in the steel plate accordingly through this mechanical system with the Samsung roller; When building the deck on for example making, the deck is that the thin plate of 8mm is very big through submerged-arc welding welding back distortion, and the horizontal difference of height of platform surpasses 20mm, and the correction in later stage need spend a large amount of man-hours.Sheet material use the flat back of Samsung roller roller jigsaw welding deformation be improved significantly, the horizontal difference of height of platform is controlled within the 6mm.This shows that the sheet material internal stress waits until a large amount of releases.
Three, plate cutting: the blanking cutting mainly is flame cutting and plasma cutting in the production, and this dual mode all belongs to the heat cutting, because the nonuniform heating of steel plate will inevitably produce internal stress and distortion at cutting zone.Parts are proofreaied and correct and to the cutting zone removal stress that overdoes by the firer; Firer's butt welded seam zone adopts bar shaped to overdo, by the centre to around disperse, near 900 ℃ of the temperature control ordinary steels, near 750 ℃ of the high-strength steel, do not allow to water water quick cooling, suitable hammering weld seam help eliminates stress.
Four, reversely deformed jig frame: all segmentations all must can be good at controlling the overall dimensional accuracy of building in manufacturing on the moulding bed.Technology department can be out of shape whole segmentation manufacturing through accurately calculating the reversely deformed jig frame that proposes from the unsolder beginning control of horse manufacturing dress, all be controlled within the predetermined scope to segmentation global formation precision.When for example making superstructure; Let the deck on reversely deformed jig frame, make, place the reversible deformation of one thousandth to one five, the horizontal difference of height 10-15mm of moulding bed at width; The deck requires to coincide with moulding bed is closely connected, accomplishes tread flaking through measuring the horizontal difference of height≤3mm of subsection deformation in welding.
Five, magnetic sign indicating number location: utilize reversely deformed jig frame magnetic sign indicating number location in addition on the parts behind the tire, use the magnetic sign indicating number, be fixed in steel plate on the moulding bed with magnetic force, unlikely damage steel plate has also been avoided numerous and diverse patch work.To press generation to draw, when platform or moulding bed upper mounting plate material, adopt foundary weight to compress and realize that line style is identical and prevent distortion; When jigsaw in the past, carry out tack welding with welding rod or use the card sign indicating number to fix in the groove inboard.Use the stick electrode location because throat depth 4～6mm, length 40～50mm at interval >=350mm, for the stronger slab of rigidity, because the inequality of being heated, the solder joint situation of bursting apart often occurs when welding, and welding deformation is unavoidable.And add the card sign indicating number because quantity is many and the influence welding, use the magnetic sign indicating number to locate every interval 500mm and add one grade, not only do not influence welding, welding back heat-affected zone 100mm scope distortion≤2mm.
Six, welding sequence: weldering plate seam behind the dress framework as far as possible earlier, the plate that need on moulding bed, weld really seam adopts and carries out framework earlier behind the jigsaw and install, and freezes together after installing framework, utilizes framework to come the welding deformation of confinement plate; Weld butt weld, leg welding seam again during welding earlier.Weldering transverse joint butt joint earlier, the butt joint of back weldering longitudinal joint, the short seam of weldering earlier welds slit again.Weld middle section earlier, back weldering peripheral regions, or balanced welding.First weldering slab, back weldering thin plate, the weld seam weldering earlier that amount of contraction is big, greater than the angle welding of 2m should adopt the even numbers welder divide in symmetrical welding or segmentation backstep welding; Through above measure control welding deformation; (under the situation of the welding of the about 24m of size * 22m) not according to welding sequence, welding is accomplished after measure levelness deviation 20-30mm, and also deviation 10-15mm of uneven diagonal is shunk in welding to build segmentation for example.Personnel are evenly distributed after symmetry adjustment, parameter control, the strict welding sequence, and levelness is controlled at ± 5mm, and the diagonal deviation is also less than 8mm.
Seven, descending fillet welding: descending fillet welding: major measure of control welding deformation is exactly that downward welding in the inclined position is used in fillet welding in the vertical position; Demonstrated fully the superiority of downward welding in the inclined position for the welding of thin plate; The low deflection of heat input is less relatively, builds last that to use downward welding in the inclined position on the angle welding be a bold trial.Process and wlding factory be test and improvement technology constantly, improves the weld penetration and the intensity of downward welding in the inclined position, and the extraordinary welding wire of formation supply of special item makes weld seam all meet each item standard in convenience such as structural strength and outward appearance moulding; Downward welding in the inclined position is had relatively high expectations to the coupling of welding current and arc voltage, therefore in the welding process, should in time adjust arc voltage if welding current changes, and makes it to be in optimum state; Downward welding in the inclined position is to go up organizational system to make the inexorable trend of development owing to efficient is high, moulding is attractive in appearance; It is upright that upwards to weld general leg be 5-6mm, and on build thin plate 6-8mm, when leg requires 4-5mm; Reach the regulation leg and be difficult to realize, the also corresponding increase of leg excessive deformation can well be controlled the leg size downwards thirty years of age; Not only weld seam is attractive in appearance, and has reduced deflection.Below on build the instance that angle welding is welded with descending fillet welding technology:
1. matching requirements: thickness of slab 6mm carries out fillet welding in the vertical position, and the dioxy welding wire adopts the descending welding wire of first rays of the morning sun CX-71, corner joint gap b≤2mm; Assembling and positioning weldering length is 30-50mm, and spacing is 300-500mm, and thickness is 2-3mm;
2. welding conditions:
When weld size K＜7mm, can adopt single-run welding, when K >=7mm, can adopt multi-pass welding;
Eight, postwelding disappear should: segmentation can produce a lot of welding residual stresses after structure welding, through the firer to the principal weld zone overdo disappear should, and the oscillating aging of combination company research and development disappear that the equipment of answering disappears should.Production actual condition that this equipment of answering that disappears is combination company and the operability research and development of considering the welder are effectively eliminated the remaining most of stress of weld seam, to the welding deformation better controlled; 1. ultrasonic impact has the effect of stress-removal to the top layer of certain depth.When employing was impacted the welding bead all standing, the surface of being impacted can form compression, can reach 34～55% to 5～10mm depth layer stress-removal effect.To be able to the degree of depth to satisfy production requirement and accomplish scalable.2. adopt the toe of weld ballistic method, the defective that can repair toe of weld fast reduces stress and concentrates.And the effect of following its compression district can reduce the be not hit residual stress of weld seam of toe of weld limit to a certain extent, and rate of descent reaches 30%, to obvious effect is arranged the fatigue life of improving joint.3. because impact process is handled, only can be used for the outer surface that percussion tool can reach, its operating efficiency is about 1200mm
2/ min.Impact process is principal character " face effect " type stress-removal technology with a contact, compression surrender, follows certain effect of vibration stress relief, relatively is fit to the Local treatment of the short weld seam of heavily restrained situation.Like the assembly welding of the REPAIR WELDING of part, big member and on thick-walled structure, weld primary structural component, bigger constraint stress is born in its commissure, and postwelding is prone to produce situation such as postponing cold crack.Can be used as the additional technology of other stress-removal technology.Using artificial or pneumatic hammering stress-removal technology realize the stress-removal effect through percussion vibration and bearing stress surrender.
Claims (1)
1. ship superstructure welding deformation control technology is characterized in that: a, the sheet material of supporting superstructure is placed the contraction distortion surplus, and the plate seam is arranged: be arranged to weld seam with central shaft symmetrical; Be arranged on plate seam near the structural member; Wallboard and the platform formed at many plates use big plate as far as possible, reduce weld seam quantity; B, sheet material are handled: steel comprise a large amount of opening plates less than the thin plate of 8mm, the unified flat part stress of eliminating in the steel plate of roller that carries out with the Samsung roller before the plate cutting cutting; C, plate cutting: parts are proofreaied and correct and to the cutting zone removal stress that overdoes by the firer; D, sectional making: all segmentations are begun all to make at the reversely deformed jig frame with magnetic sign indicating number location to the segmentation global formation from horse manufacturing dress unsolder; When platform or moulding bed upper mounting plate material, adopt foundary weight to compress and realize that line style is identical and prevent distortion; E, welding sequence: first weldering plate seam behind the dress framework, the plate that need on moulding bed, weld really seam adopts and carries out framework earlier behind the jigsaw and install, and freezes together after installing framework, utilizes framework to come the welding deformation of confinement plate; Weld butt weld, leg welding seam again during welding earlier; Weldering transverse joint butt joint earlier, the butt joint of back weldering longitudinal joint, the short seam of weldering earlier welds slit again; Weld middle section earlier, back weldering peripheral regions, or balanced welding; First weldering slab, back weldering thin plate, the weld seam weldering earlier that amount of contraction is big, greater than the angle welding of 2m should adopt the even numbers welder divide in symmetrical welding or segmentation backstep welding; F, descending fillet welding: downward welding in the inclined position is used in fillet welding in the vertical position, on build and use downward welding in the inclined position on the angle welding too; G, postwelding disappear and answer: segmentation afterwards overdoes to disappear to the principal weld zone through the firer in the structure welding and answers.
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Cited By (21)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102848091A (en) * | 2012-09-04 | 2013-01-02 | 福建省华海船业有限公司 | Ship double bottom block assembly welding technology |
| CN102922159A (en) * | 2012-10-31 | 2013-02-13 | 南通港闸船舶制造有限公司 | Special dredger welding method |
| CN104400236A (en) * | 2014-09-25 | 2015-03-11 | 航天科工惯性技术有限公司 | Welding method and welding structure of accelerometer movement |
| CN104588921A (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2015-05-06 | 南通中远川崎船舶工程有限公司 | Deformation prevention structure for thin plate welding and process method |
| CN105562896A (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2016-05-11 | 广州文冲船厂有限责任公司 | Welding process of downward fillet welding in vertical position of gas shielded welding |
| CN105904141A (en) * | 2016-06-02 | 2016-08-31 | 中船澄西船舶修造有限公司 | Column plate longitudinal seam abutting method |
| CN106001951A (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2016-10-12 | 安徽牛山新型材料科技有限公司 | Sheet welding deformation control process |
| CN107398622A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2017-11-28 | 中车长江车辆有限公司 | A kind of welding method |
| CN107825041A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-03-23 | 中船黄埔文冲船舶有限公司 | Moulding bed and hull basal plane reversible deformation adjusting method |
| CN108614933A (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2018-10-02 | 中船黄埔文冲船舶有限公司 | Moulding bed reversible deformation data capture method, device and computer readable storage medium |
| CN110773845A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2020-02-11 | 广州文冲船厂有限责任公司 | Assembling and welding method for ship superstructure subsection |
| CN111230262A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-06-05 | 江苏中铁山桥重工有限公司 | Method for controlling and correcting welding deformation of thin plate |
| CN111545874A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-08-18 | 广州文冲船舶修造有限公司 | Deformation control method in aluminum alloy hull section manufacturing |
| CN111545871A (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2020-08-18 | 招商局重工（江苏）有限公司 | Sheet segmented large group seam welding process |
| CN111645824A (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2020-09-11 | 上海江南长兴造船有限责任公司 | High-precision construction method for torsion box of container ship |
| CN112388205A (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-02-23 | 中船黄埔文冲船舶有限公司 | Movable type weight device |
| CN113734350A (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2021-12-03 | 上海外高桥造船有限公司 | Side outer plate of upper side cabin, upper side cabin section and half-width control method of upper side cabin |
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| CN115106664A (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2022-09-27 | 上海交通大学 | Ship large-size sectional welding deformation control device and method |
| CN115255561A (en) * | 2022-07-13 | 2022-11-01 | 上海江南长兴造船有限责任公司 | Welding method for fillet weld of ship descending at segmental erection position |
| CN115502589A (en) * | 2022-10-20 | 2022-12-23 | 上海船舶工艺研究所(中国船舶集团有限公司第十一研究所) | Device and method for controlling laser composite welding deformation of marine thin plate longitudinal frame |
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| CN102848091B (en) * | 2012-09-04 | 2014-10-29 | 福建省华海船业有限公司 | Ship double bottom block assembly welding technology |
| CN102848091A (en) * | 2012-09-04 | 2013-01-02 | 福建省华海船业有限公司 | Ship double bottom block assembly welding technology |
| CN102922159A (en) * | 2012-10-31 | 2013-02-13 | 南通港闸船舶制造有限公司 | Special dredger welding method |
| CN102922159B (en) * | 2012-10-31 | 2014-04-23 | 南通港闸船舶制造有限公司 | Special dredger welding method |
| CN104400236A (en) * | 2014-09-25 | 2015-03-11 | 航天科工惯性技术有限公司 | Welding method and welding structure of accelerometer movement |
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| CN106001951A (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2016-10-12 | 安徽牛山新型材料科技有限公司 | Sheet welding deformation control process |
| CN107398622A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2017-11-28 | 中车长江车辆有限公司 | A kind of welding method |
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| CN107825041A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-03-23 | 中船黄埔文冲船舶有限公司 | Moulding bed and hull basal plane reversible deformation adjusting method |
| CN108614933A (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2018-10-02 | 中船黄埔文冲船舶有限公司 | Moulding bed reversible deformation data capture method, device and computer readable storage medium |
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| CN111545871A (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2020-08-18 | 招商局重工（江苏）有限公司 | Sheet segmented large group seam welding process |
| CN111645824A (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2020-09-11 | 上海江南长兴造船有限责任公司 | High-precision construction method for torsion box of container ship |
| CN112388205A (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-02-23 | 中船黄埔文冲船舶有限公司 | Movable type weight device |
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| CN115255561A (en) * | 2022-07-13 | 2022-11-01 | 上海江南长兴造船有限责任公司 | Welding method for fillet weld of ship descending at segmental erection position |
| CN115106664A (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2022-09-27 | 上海交通大学 | Ship large-size sectional welding deformation control device and method |
| CN115502589A (en) * | 2022-10-20 | 2022-12-23 | 上海船舶工艺研究所(中国船舶集团有限公司第十一研究所) | Device and method for controlling laser composite welding deformation of marine thin plate longitudinal frame |
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Application publication date: 20120815 |