CN102630605A - Research and breeding preparation method of fishes without fishy smell - Google Patents
Research and breeding preparation method of fishes without fishy smell Download PDFInfo
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- CN102630605A CN102630605A CN2011100385941A CN201110038594A CN102630605A CN 102630605 A CN102630605 A CN 102630605A CN 2011100385941 A CN2011100385941 A CN 2011100385941A CN 201110038594 A CN201110038594 A CN 201110038594A CN 102630605 A CN102630605 A CN 102630605A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention provides a research and breeding preparation method of fishes without fishy smell. The method is characterized in that natural mineral nano materials are applied and comprise the following main formulas in parts by mass: 1.0-10 parts of bamboo charcoal powder with nano pores and micron grain size, 1.0-40 parts of gull rock series anions additives, 0-20 parts of auxiliaries and 1.0-10 parts of forming materials; a breeding preparation process is as follows: adding the nano bamboo charcoal powder, the gull rock series anions additives and the stabilizing and dispersing agents to a stirrer to be stirred at high speed for 30-60 minutes, mixing the materials uniformly and fully packaging the mixture, thus preparing functional filling agents with excellent properties and high adsorption property; novel fishy smell removing and freshening material bags can be prepared by putting the functional filling agents into the packaging and forming materials; and the water is used to breed Clarias lazera, carps, silver carps, crucian carps and smelly freshwater fishes for ten days to remove such peculiar smells as fishy smell, thus the fishes have good taste.
Description
Technical field: the invention belongs to geology, material, mineral, light industry, chemical industry, health, breed field.
Background technology: the aquatic products of in the pond, culturing have many native off-flavors that have in various degree, reduce the eating mouth feel and the edibility of aquatic products, and jeopardize culture benefit.The soil off-flavors is mainly caused with dimethyl isocamphol (MIB) by the native off-flavors material geosmin (Geosmin) of planktonic algae and actinomycetes secretion.The peculiar smell that exists in the aquatic livestock muscle (off-flavor) can influence eating mouth feel on the one hand, reduces commodity value; On the other hand, harmful by some peculiar smell that bad breeding environment causes, can not guarantee edible safety.In recent years, the consumer has an intimate knowledge to the fresh-water fishes peculiar smell, but does not also cause enough attention of breeding production person.Domestic researcher also mainly concentrates on the fishes and shrimps peculiar smell aspect that external oil and chemical industrial pollution thing cause to the research of peculiar smell, and then there is more comprehensive research in developed countries such as the U.S. to peculiar smell.The generation reason of research aquatic livestock peculiar smell and the method for effectively removing peculiar smell, to improving the taste of aquatic livestock, the taste that makes it suitable people has the certain experiences meaning.
Common several kinds of peculiar smell in the aquatic livestock muscle: in the marine products aquatic livestock muscle of catching, several kinds of peculiar smell that often occur are oil flavor, garlicky and iodine flavor, and common with bilgy odour, sewer flavor, dish flavor and rancidity in the aquatic products of freshwater aquiculture.
Bilgy odour: the aquatic products of edible sewage, reservoir and lake culture often can feel that bilgy odour is arranged, and are commonly considered as being caused by radiation bacterium and blue-green algae.Thayson reports that at first fish in the river, Scotland has the phenomenon of peculiar smell, after, the U.S. ditch Nian that breeds fish in the pond also often has peculiar smell to occur.There is half to contain peculiar smell approximately in southeastern US pond types of breeding fish in 1971, so that can not in time rises and catch.It is reported that the carp of breed, trout, pike, big spoken parts in an opera salmon, Cisco, clam, river prawn etc. also have peculiar smell.Research points out that geosmin (geosmin) is a kind of compound with strong bilgy odour, synthesizes justacrine in water by radiation bacterium and blue-green algae, is absorbed the back by aquatic livestock and produces peculiar smell.Other has two kinds of compounds that are separated bilgy odour is plain (mr-cidone) and different borneol (2-methylisobornea of 2-methyl of cement; Be called for short MIB); Their structure is similar with geosmin; The bream Abramis brama that fished at Finland Wan Hai in 1977 causes peculiar smell [4] by geosmin, and its critical concentration is 001mg/g.This sea area is positioned at the firth that receives organic contamination, and phytoplankton is main with the A Shi algae that quivers, and isolated radiation bacterium also can produce geosmin and MIB from sewage.After several years, the shrimps of in seawater, raising also come to light and have strong bilgy odour, and the shrimp tail muscles contains geosmin up to 78 μ g/g [5], and the salinity of this shrimp pool water changes in 10～35, when salinity drops to blue-green alga bloom take place promptly below 10.Nineteen eighty-three, heavy rain made the Chi Shui dilution be fresh water, and blue-green alga bloom takes place in a large number, and geosmin is dense in the water, and shrimp absorbs through the gill and the entering tail muscles.In the China aquatic livestock, eel, perch, prawn, carp, silver carp, Tilapia mossambica etc. all there was the report that peculiar smell occurs.The bilgy odour of fish is everlasting and is occurred during blue-green alga bloom summer, and the blue-green algae of the generation geosmin of having reported mainly is the kind that algae, sheath silk algae, Microcystis aeruginosa, anabena, synnema algae etc. belong to of quivering, and also all is the kind of commonly seeing that forms wawter bloom.Anabena can produce geosmin, and the algae that quivers can produce MIB.Grid algae in the green alga also can cause peculiar smell.
Oil flavor and type blackberry, blueberry flavor: late 1950s is to the beginning of the sixties, and the chum salmon that catches from Bering Sea and the north, the Pacific Ocean has 5% to measure oil and distinguish the flavor of, and the tin product of being processed by freezing chum salmon also has this flavor.Through gas chromatographic analysis, the oil flavor is caused by dimethylsulphide, and detects confirmation through the chlorination mercury salt.Dimethylsulphide has the critical value of peculiar smell in water be 033ng/g.In canned chum salmon, measuring this compound concentrations is 84 μ g/g.A type blackberry, blueberry peculiar smell appears with area, time Canada Labrador codfish.Some marine alga (like broom shape multitube algae Polysiphonlafastiglata, duskiness multitube algae Pnigrescens) exposes the smell that can produce dimethyl disulfide after a period of time in air.Dimethylsulphide content is 1 μ g/g in the inclusion of cod stomach, has a small amount of capelin and a large amount of shell-fish, shellfishes also to have this flavor in addition, and shell-fish and shellfish also have this type of blackberry, blueberry flavor in the same waters.The author infers in view of the above, the root of marine alga type of being blackberry, blueberry flavor, and food such as shell-fish, shellfish marine alga, fish eat invertebrate again, and this peculiar smell promptly passes to fish through food chain.
Garlicky: Australia has 3 kinds of deep-sea shrimps (the cutter volume is intended prawn, intended palpus shrimp, considerable red shrimp) peculiar garlic smell to occur through regular meeting, and the shrimp that catch especially Australian east coast is garlicky the most serious.This peculiar smell is not welcome by local consumer, but other places receive an acclaim on the contrary in the world.Show that according to gc analysis CH3SCH2SCH3 causes garlicky material.This material causes that in water the critical value of peculiar smell is 03ng/g, and this material mean concentration is 5～10ng/g in the shrimp body.Peculiar smell concentrates on the shrimp head, removes that the cooking can effectively reduce peculiar smell behind the shrimp head.Ingested as for smell substance, what still metabolism formed in animal digestive system, still unclear at present.
Iodine flavor: marine fishes and shrimps is the most common to be the iodine flavor, in the aquatic livestock that catch Australian West Coast and Canadian east coast, this flavor is just arranged.Dibromophenol is the material that causes this flavor, and this material presents peculiar smell in water critical value is 5 * 10-4ng/g.When dibromophenol in the shrimp body surpassed 006ng/g, shrimp muscle just had the iodine flavor.Peculiar smell mainly concentrates on the shrimp head, with the contained ratio in other positions of health be 50: 1.Food is the source that produces the iodine flavor, has the food of iodine flavor shrimp to comprise Radiolaria, shellfish, Polychaeta and humus, and wherein Polychaeta has been measured and contained dibromophenol.Some fish also have the iodine flavor, cause that the dibromophenol of these fish peculiar smell mainly concentrates on enteron aisle.It should be noted that a small amount of dibromophenol helps improving the albacore delicious degree, but suitable Study on content is not appeared in the newspapers.
Sewer flavor, dish flavor and corrupt, rancidity: in breeding water body; Because water quality eutrophication; Bacterial decomposition can discharge the material that some causes peculiar smell when organic; During especially low at the water body dissolved oxygen, phytoplankton mortality, the gurry road flavor that moves in this water body is the most serious, but not appearing in the newspapers at present of causing of what material.Contain dish flavor in the aquatic livestock of propagating artificially, this with feed ingredient of throwing something and feeding and water body in phytoplankton, especially blue-green algae are more that certain relation [16] arranged.And if the aquatic livestock that catches does not have timely processed, its Oxidation of Fat and Oils also can form peculiar smell such as corrupt and rancid.
The main source of peculiar smell: 1, external contaminant; 2, some biology that exists in the water environment; 3, the peculiar smell that causes of other factors: some material of algae secretion can cause the aquatic livestock muscle peculiar smell in external pollutant and water; The underproof feed of throwing something and feeding can cause the dish flavor; Fish does not have timely processed, and its Oxidation of Fat and Oils also can form corruption, rancidity.
The peculiar smell that exists in the aquatic livestock muscle is that mainly the gill and the skin absorbs through animal absorbed two kinds of approach with ingesting by aquatic livestock muscle because some can cause that the chemical substance of peculiar smell gets in the aquatic livestock body and causes in the water body.
Remove the method for peculiar smell
Though bilgy odour is not proved harmful, people dislike this taste; The peculiar smell that oil, phenols cause is harmful, must remove.Remove peculiar smell at present following several method is arranged: go peculiar smell will have the fish of peculiar smell, shrimp to put into clear water in (1), the clear water, preferably flowing water.But it is longer that the removal peculiar smell takes time, and removing bilgy odour needs several days, and removing the oil flavor then need several time-of-week.(2), wait for that the alternately bilgy odour of aquatic livestock of dominant species is occupied an leading position relevant with the algae that quivers, anabena in the breed pond.When going out the pool, wait for a period of time more, treat that dominant species substitutes after, can remove peculiar smell.But needing the time longer, is not positive effective ways.(3), phytoplankton is formed before aquatic livestock goes out the pool in the bath change pond; Especially bath under cooling, discharge condition; Can change the composition of phytoplankton in the pond, those phytoplanktons that can cause peculiar smell will become back burner by superiority, thereby reduce peculiar smell.(4), other measure is as reducing cultivation density, reducing bait throwing in etc.
Can find out that from above result the peculiar smell phenomenon of aquatic livestock is a very complicated problems to the research of ditch Nian bilgy odour road.Under the crawl condition, carry out ecological study, because the comprehensive function of ecological factor and the interaction between the factor, usually be difficult to differentiate which factor and be and directly act on or play a leading role, which is indirectly-acting even sign just; In addition " time-lag action " also can influence the authenticity of observation because peculiar smell can keep several days or a few week after producing, and phytoplankton wawter bloom possibly change during this, with the simultaneous preponderant algae of peculiar smell, not necessarily is exactly the kind of original generation peculiar smell.Therefore, in order further to understand fully reason and the mechanism that produces peculiar smell, the ecological Studies that must under control condition, experimentize, much remains to be done for this respect.To the detection of peculiar smell and assessment method also imperfection very.It is low that not only sensitivity is tasted in manual work, and do not have unified standard because of people's sense of taste difference, and the chemical method expensive of existing mensuration odorous compound be difficult to promote, and the chemical substance of some peculiar smell is not also found out.In addition, the content of aforementioned peculiar smell point system awaits combining with odorous compound concentration.As for how controlling peculiar smell, also there is not a kind of good method up to now, not only efficient is low for existing elimination peculiar smell method, and is difficult to accepted by production unit.After all, also should " rely mainly on prevention ".At first the breeding density in fishes and shrimps pond, fertilising and bait throwing in are wanted rationally to note water quality adjustment at ordinary times, in time dash and change water, suitably delay working the time of catching.In addition, research adds certain additive in feed, makes it suppress the accumulation of odorous compound in the fishes and shrimps body, or eliminates peculiar smell after producing chemical reaction with it.In the northern plant of China, cooling after autumn can make fishpond water quality and plankton all change and natural deduction, therefore, postpone time that pond fish goes out the pool and possibly be solve peculiar smell at present feasible by way of.
Summary of the invention: have the Changshou village of two signatures to be distributed in Russian southern Georgia Caucasus region and China crust horse respectively in the world.The investigator finds a peculiar phenomenon finally, and the ight soil that the people drained that is exactly Changshou village does not have stench, is the ight soil of cleaning.That is to say the resident of Changshou village, the digestion of stomach and absorption function are all fine.Further discover; The water that the Changshou village people is drunk all is the alkalescent water of subset; So obtain a conclusion: " people of Changshou village is the alkalescent small-micelle water owing to what often drink, will drain the ight soil of cleaning in the daily life, and the result just secures good health with long-lived easily ".Small-micelle water has a lot of functions, is called active water.After these active water get into human body; Active cell constantly; And can carry more to the human body beneficial nutrient, mineral matter and oxygen, get into the every nook and cranny of cell, all fill clean, great-hearted, nutritious liquid inside and outside making human body cell; So just can promote growth, the growth of cell greatly, make human body cell more vigourous.The small-micelle water penetration is high, and dissolving power is strong.Thereby can better bring lysed nutrient into the every nook and cranny of human body, can not fully be dissolved, excrete by cell material that absorbs fully and fat, cholesterol and other materials that health accumulates again simultaneously, the toxin expelling ability of raising health.Small-micelle water still is weakly alkaline, it can in body inner acidic toxin, the Acidity of Aikalinity of adjustment body fluid, improves self resistance against diseases of body at activating cell.The characteristic that small-micelle water is lived: contain trace mineral, good mouthfeel; Absorb well, can suppress the phenomenon of stomach ulcer in addition to a certain extent; Drain very fast.Often drink this water, can make ight soil, urine, the sweat cleaning that becomes; Be used for fresh flower, potted plant, can accelerate plant growing, strengthen the damage by disease and insect resistance; Soak seed ability stratification, take root.In a word, this a little less than subtracting property small-micelle water not only can change the character and the taste of liquid, common water is become more differ from life.
A kind of do not have the research of fishy smell fish and culture the preparation method, it is characterized in that using the natural minerals nano material, the main prescription as follows: the bamboo charcoal powder of nano grade pore micron order particle diameter: 1.0-10 mass parts; Sea-gull stone series anionic additive 1.0-40 mass parts; Auxiliary agent: 0-20 mass parts; Moulding material 1.0-10.Culture preparation technology: nano bamboo charcoal powder, sea-gull stone series anionic additive, stable dispersant are added in the agitator; High-speed stirred 30-60 minute; It is mixed, and fully parcel can make the function filler of the high absorption property of function admirable.This function filler is put into a kind of novel smelling removal that is packaged into type material and can makes, increased the green wood pocket.
Invention prescription: with the bamboo charcoal powder of nano grade pore micron order particle diameter: 1.0-10 mass parts; Sea-gull stone series anionic additive 1.0-40 mass parts; Auxiliary agent: 0-20 mass parts; Moulding material 1.0-10.Culture preparation technology: nano bamboo charcoal powder, sea-gull stone series anionic additive, stable dispersant are added in the agitator; High-speed stirred 30-60 minute; It is mixed, and fully parcel can make the function filler of the high absorption property of function admirable.This function filler is put into a kind of novel smelling removal that is packaged into type material and can makes, increased the green wood pocket, be immersed in the water by solid-to-liquid ratio 1: 5-50, the pH of water is at 7.8-8.2,
17O NMR is at 45-79, promptly obtain a kind of a little less than subtracting property small-micelle water.Have the function of sterilization, sterilization, deodorizing, taste removal, effect is obvious.Cultured 10-15 days with this water, remove peculiar smell such as fishy smell, taste good.
Embodiment:
Embodiment 1: prescription: with the bamboo charcoal powder of nano grade pore micron order particle diameter: 5 mass parts; Sea-gull stone series anionic additive 30 mass parts; Auxiliary agent: 10 mass parts; Moulding material 5.Add in the agitator, high-speed stirred 30-60 minute, it is mixed, fully parcel can make the function filler of the high absorption property of function admirable.This function filler is put into a kind of novel smelling removal that is packaged into type material and can makes, increased the green wood pocket.Cultured Egyptian hito 10 days with this water, remove peculiar smell such as fishy smell, taste good.
Embodiment 2: prescription: sea-gull stone ore thing is made the particle of diameter greater than 1cm by mechanical crushing process, pressed solid-to-liquid ratio 1: 10, mix, measure water pH 7.8 with water,
17O NMR is 66.3, be a kind of a little less than subtracting property small-micelle water.A kind of novel smelling removal that can make increases the green wood pocket.Cultured catfish, pike 15 days with this water, remove fishy smell, peculiar smell, taste good.
Embodiment 3: prescription: sea-gull stone ore thing passes through ultra-fine grinding to the 10nm-1mm particle, and 10 parts, 5 parts of auxiliary agents, 15 parts of binders, sheet, block are processed in mixing, moulding.Pressed solid-to-liquid ratio 1: 10, and measured water pH after 15 minutes 7.8,
17ONMR is 56, be a kind of a little less than subtracting property small-micelle water.A kind of novel smelling removal that can make, increase the green wood pocket.Cultured Egyptian hito, carp, silver carp, crucian, sapid fresh-water fishes 10 days with this water, remove peculiar smell such as fishy smell, taste good.
Claims (6)
1. one kind is not had the research of fishy smell fish and cultures the preparation method, it is characterized in that using the natural minerals nano material, the main prescription as follows: the bamboo charcoal powder of nano grade pore micron order particle diameter: 1.0-10 mass parts; Sea-gull stone series anionic additive 1.0-40 mass parts; Auxiliary agent: 0-20 mass parts; Moulding material 1.0-10.Culture preparation technology: nano bamboo charcoal powder, sea-gull stone series anionic additive, stable dispersant are added in the agitator; High-speed stirred 30-60 minute; It is mixed, and fully parcel can make the function filler of the high absorption property of function admirable.This function filler is put into a kind of novel smelling removal, the Ceng Xiancai pocket that is packaged into type material and can makes.Cultured Egyptian hito, carp, silver carp, crucian, sapid fresh-water fishes 10 days with this water, remove peculiar smell such as fishy smell, taste good.
2. fire the bamboo charcoal that forms according to claims 1 described nano bamboo charcoal powder by natural bamboo, make through ultra-fine grinding, National standard, sea-gull stone series anionic additive can mix with it.SEM result shows, the bamboo charcoal powder average grain diameter in the following hole of 1000nm below 100nm.The bamboo charcoal particle specific surface area is greater than 1000m
2/ g.
3. be the natural minerals that contains nano-pore according to the described sea-gull stone series of claims 1 anionic additive, add in the bamboo charcoal capable of releasing negative ion at 1000/cm
3More than.
4. comprise according to claims 1 described auxiliary agent: mineral-type stabilizing agent, dispersant and natural organic type of stabilizing agent, dispersant, coupling agent.
5. be natural macromolecular material according to claims 1 described moulding material.
6. according to claims 2 described ultra-fine grindings, generally use the efficient nano ball mill, adopt dry grinding or wet grinding preparation.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103583436A (en) * | 2013-11-13 | 2014-02-19 | 叶大铿 | Detoxification, fishy smell elimination and freshness increase farming method for Egypt clarias fuscus |
| CN103583435A (en) * | 2013-11-13 | 2014-02-19 | 叶大铿 | Eel leucomalachite-green-removal aquaculture method |
| CN105706977A (en) * | 2016-03-07 | 2016-06-29 | 五河县金满塘生态种养殖家庭农场 | Fishy smell removing and cultivating method of hypophthalmichthys molitrix |
| CN105746400A (en) * | 2016-03-07 | 2016-07-13 | 五河县金满塘生态种养殖家庭农场 | Grass carp de-fishy culturing method |
-
2011
- 2011-02-12 CN CN2011100385941A patent/CN102630605A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103583436A (en) * | 2013-11-13 | 2014-02-19 | 叶大铿 | Detoxification, fishy smell elimination and freshness increase farming method for Egypt clarias fuscus |
| CN103583435A (en) * | 2013-11-13 | 2014-02-19 | 叶大铿 | Eel leucomalachite-green-removal aquaculture method |
| CN103583436B (en) * | 2013-11-13 | 2015-04-22 | 广州市正源生态农业有限公司 | Detoxification, fishy smell elimination and freshness increase farming method for Egypt clarias fuscus |
| CN105706977A (en) * | 2016-03-07 | 2016-06-29 | 五河县金满塘生态种养殖家庭农场 | Fishy smell removing and cultivating method of hypophthalmichthys molitrix |
| CN105746400A (en) * | 2016-03-07 | 2016-07-13 | 五河县金满塘生态种养殖家庭农场 | Grass carp de-fishy culturing method |
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Application publication date: 20120815 |