CN102630270B - Homogenize fuel enhancement system - Google Patents

Homogenize fuel enhancement system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102630270B
CN102630270B CN201080053791.4A CN201080053791A CN102630270B CN 102630270 B CN102630270 B CN 102630270B CN 201080053791 A CN201080053791 A CN 201080053791A CN 102630270 B CN102630270 B CN 102630270B
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China
Prior art keywords
fuel
liquid
pump
mixture
intrusion pipe
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CN201080053791.4A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN102630270A (en
Inventor
M·A·伦德
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Exen Holdings LLC
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Exen Holdings LLC
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Priority claimed from US12/702,252 external-priority patent/US8333171B2/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/08—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed simultaneously using pluralities of fuels
    • F02D19/081—Adjusting the fuel composition or mixing ratio; Transitioning from one fuel to the other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0626—Measuring or estimating parameters related to the fuel supply system
    • F02D19/0628—Determining the fuel pressure, temperature or flow, the fuel tank fill level or a valve position
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/232—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using flow-mixing means for introducing the gases, e.g. baffles
    • B01F23/2323—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using flow-mixing means for introducing the gases, e.g. baffles by circulating the flow in guiding constructions or conduits
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/433—Mixing tubes wherein the shape of the tube influences the mixing, e.g. mixing tubes with varying cross-section or provided with inwardly extending profiles
    • B01F25/4332—Mixers with a strong change of direction in the conduit for homogenizing the flow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/433—Mixing tubes wherein the shape of the tube influences the mixing, e.g. mixing tubes with varying cross-section or provided with inwardly extending profiles
    • B01F25/4336—Mixers with a diverging cross-section
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/433—Mixing tubes wherein the shape of the tube influences the mixing, e.g. mixing tubes with varying cross-section or provided with inwardly extending profiles
    • B01F25/4338—Mixers with a succession of converging-diverging cross-sections, i.e. undulating cross-section
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/50—Circulation mixers, e.g. wherein at least part of the mixture is discharged from and reintroduced into a receptacle
    • B01F25/51—Circulation mixers, e.g. wherein at least part of the mixture is discharged from and reintroduced into a receptacle in which the mixture is circulated through a set of tubes, e.g. with gradual introduction of a component into the circulating flow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/20—Measuring; Control or regulation
    • B01F35/21—Measuring
    • B01F35/2131—Colour or luminescence
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B43/00—Engines characterised by operating on gaseous fuels; Plants including such engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0602—Control of components of the fuel supply system
    • F02D19/0605—Control of components of the fuel supply system to adjust the fuel pressure or temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0626—Measuring or estimating parameters related to the fuel supply system
    • F02D19/0634—Determining a density, viscosity, composition or concentration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0639—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels
    • F02D19/0642—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels at least one fuel being gaseous, the other fuels being gaseous or liquid at standard conditions
    • F02D19/0644—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels at least one fuel being gaseous, the other fuels being gaseous or liquid at standard conditions the gaseous fuel being hydrogen, ammonia or carbon monoxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0639—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels
    • F02D19/0642—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels at least one fuel being gaseous, the other fuels being gaseous or liquid at standard conditions
    • F02D19/0647—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels at least one fuel being gaseous, the other fuels being gaseous or liquid at standard conditions the gaseous fuel being liquefied petroleum gas [LPG], liquefied natural gas [LNG], compressed natural gas [CNG] or dimethyl ether [DME]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0663—Details on the fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02D19/0665—Tanks, e.g. multiple tanks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0663—Details on the fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02D19/0668—Treating or cleaning means; Fuel filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0663—Details on the fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02D19/0684—High pressure fuel injection systems; Details on pumps, rails or the arrangement of valves in the fuel supply and return systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0663—Details on the fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02D19/0686—Injectors
    • F02D19/0694—Injectors operating with a plurality of fuels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M31/00—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M31/20—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/0011—Constructional details; Manufacturing or assembly of elements of fuel systems; Materials therefor
    • F02M37/0023—Valves in the fuel supply and return system
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/90—Heating or cooling systems
    • B01F2035/98—Cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F2101/00—Mixing characterised by the nature of the mixed materials or by the application field
    • B01F2101/503—Mixing fuel or propellant and water or gas, e.g. air, or other fluids, e.g. liquid additives to obtain fluid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses one to homogenize fuel enhancement system, comprise at least one circulation loop being positioned at ejecting system outside, for circulate continuously and the ejecting system (no matter being mechanical atomization or common rail) maintained except motor needs or be delivered to motor ejecting system except the homogenieity of multi fuel mixture, also comprise at least one intrusion pipe be configured at least one circulation loop, for providing volume expansion, wherein, fuel mixture is poured and thereby is achieved higher homogenieity.

Description

Homogenize fuel enhancement system
Related application
This application claims the serial number submitted on October 1st, 2009 is 61/247,831, be entitled as the U.S. Provisional Application of " Multi-Fuel System " and be 12/702,252 in the serial number submitted on February 8th, 2010, be entitled as preference and the applying date thereof of U.S.'s non-provisional application of " Homogenizing Fuel Enhancement System ".By reference the content of above-mentioned application is incorporated herein.
Quote and be incorporated to
Any and all U. S. Patents quoted in the application or mention and U.S. Patent application are incorporated herein accordingly by quoting by claimant.Particularly, claimant is incorporated herein accordingly by the full content quoted following application: the serial number submitted on November 24th, 2006 is PCT/US2006/045399 and is entitled as the international patent application of " A Multi Fuel Co Injection System for Internal Combustion andTurbine Engines ", the serial number submitted on May 23rd, 2008 is 61/055, 965 and on May 29th, 2008 submit to serial number be 61/057, 199 and title is the U.S. Provisional Patent Application of " Multi-Fuel Co-Injection System and Method of Use ", and on February 6th, 2009 submit to serial number be 61/150, 704 and be entitled as the U.S. Provisional Patent Application of " HomogenizingFuel Enhancement System ".Therefore, it should be understood that, be disclosed in any mode of execution in the application of merging or its equivalent or feature and can be used to replace those illustrative embodiments disclosed in the application or be combined with it (integrally or partly), and do not depart from the spirit or scope of the present invention.
Technical field
Aspect of the present invention relates generally to fuel system, particularly, relates to the enhancing fuel system utilizing multi fuel mixture to run.
Background technique
The present situation of related domain is as follows:
As a setting, in the past between many decades, people have made and have promoted the efficiency of internal-combustion engine or reduce the relevant all effort of its various means of discharging.Some in these effort pay close attention to real engine design, particularly, delivery of fuel, fuel spray and combustion system and process, and other effort are relevant with improvement fuel itself, to increase efficiency and the uniformity of its firing effect or its burning to a certain extent, therefore, the power that the combustion process of " more clean " causes it to produce increases and/or discharge reduces.The application relates generally to the improvement of last class to fuel system itself, present herein multiple newly with improve homogeneous fuel system and system component, its benefit will be apparent.
On the whole, about prior art, the effort of all known increasing combustion engine efficiency up to now has all only reached small success at most.Most of such " improvement " only makes practical efficiency slightly increase, and/or such " improvement " utilizes not spendable method in technical or practice to reach, such as use the fuel that can not obtain easily or use safely, or use the system and hardware that greatly increase motor cost and complexity.For example, in the prior art, current much work utilizes homogeneous charge compression-ignition (HCCI) to complete.In desirable " type of laboratory " uses, utilize efficiency gain in the gasoline engine of HCCI in the magnitude of 30 (30%) percent.But, due to the method for the sensitive natur of fuel and in order to produce automatic combustion reaction for the exact requirements of temperature and pressure condition (compression ratio) in fuel chambers, therefore stand in the real road test of different loads demand at motor, HCCI method breaks down, not only cause almost inefficent gain, and cause engine failure (predetonation) in some cases.
Promote internal-combustion engine efficiency and/or reduce its discharge other attempt comprise fuel fractionation, suction port add additive (thus additive not with fuel reaction, until it meets in a combustion chamber) and in some way natural fuel additive or formula are introduced in firing chamber, due to a variety of causes, when given concrete system or implementation methods, natural fuel additive or formula relatively not too effective.
First, about prior art fuel fractionation method, substantially, the vehicle-mounted fractionation of many reference teaches, or fuel is separated into light and heavy distillation, or, for example, fuel conditioner is become various uses, depend on the demand of motor, such as startup, idling and high RPM, high or low load or " warming-up " operation.Authorize the U. S. Patent 2 of Pinotti, 758,579 and authorize 2,865,345(of Hilton and be commonly assigned and generation nineteen fifty can be traced back to) teach liquid residual fuel and liquid fractionated fuel pro rata mixed merga pass machinery metered delivery to the system of motor.In the mixing of fuel fraction, Hilton teaches " orifice mixer 32 ", it is restricted to substantially in the art " two or more liquid passing hole are shunk and are ejected thus cause the layout of turbulent flow and follow-up mixing action ", and Pinotti teaches fuel fraction passing ratio valve 5 and closed loop infusion cycles system of arriving soon after, mixture " by resisting the head 23 of back pressure of safety valve 25 " in this closed loop infusion cycles system is kept " stir or turbulence state under ".Pinotti and Hilton also relate to remnants and/or fractionated fuel heater, for the viscosity by one or more fuel fraction of heat adjustment, thus contributes to fuel mix process, especially during cold start-up.
Recently, authorize the U. S. Patent 6 of the people such as Kemmler, 067,969 teach a kind of fuel supply system for internal-combustion engine, this system is wherein for the fuel tank of fluid fuel, and fuel supply line is from this fuel tank guiding fuel injection apparatus and the evaporation for lower boiling fuel element and the condensing plant that are connected to fuel tank equally.Additionally provide the intermediate condensation case being connected to evaporation and condensing plant downstream, condensate line is from this intermediate condensation case guide control valve, and this control valve regulates the supply to spraying equipment.Terminal for generation of the residual fuel line of higher boiling fuel in evaporation and condensing plant is additional magazine, and residual fuel supply line links from this additional magazine the selector valve be arranged on fuel supply line.Selector valve is controlled, thus higher boiling fuel is fed into the fuel supply line of the spraying equipment of access to engine from residual fuel supply line.Kemmler describes " use reciprocable valve 3 and selector valve 6; can guarantee by optionally use fuel (namely; original fuel, from the low boiling fuel of condensate line 15 or the antiknock gasoline from residual fuel line 12) supply engine; with by fuel element supply engine as well as possible, to realize optimum operation ".
Similarly, authorize the U. S. Patent 6 of the people such as Holder, 571, 748 and 6, 622, 664 teach a kind of fuel fractionating system for internal-combustion engine, this fuel fractionating system is as fuel supply system uniform part, there is the fuel tank for liquid fuel, fuel to be extracted from fuel tank and by the petrolift of fuel pressurization to jet pressure (fuel can be used for internal-combustion engine at this pressure), (it is preferably the form of vaporizer or vaporization chamber to fuel fractionation equipment, and utilize fuel to produce fuel at least one liquid fuel cut), and accumulator, this accumulator receives liquid fuel fraction from fuel fractionation equipment, stored and make it can be used for internal-combustion engine, fuel and fuel fraction are fed into internal-combustion engine by fuel supply system according to demand, and accumulator is pressure accumulator and the Pressure generator comprised for fuel fraction being pressurized to jet pressure in pressure accumulation equipment.In another embodiment, according to the performance table stored in a control unit, the running state that fuel and cut rely on motor mixes in mixing chamber, and subsequently, mixture is fed in motor in a controlled manner.Holder describes in ' 664 patents " with regard to contemplated inventive concept; fuel fraction still exists unimportant in gaseous form in liquid form ", and describe the independent combustion chamber of injected internal-combustion engine " fuel mixture in a conventional manner ", thus Holder does not in fact instruct or realizes the injection of liquid-vapor fuel mixture simultaneously.Certainly, Holder discloses fuel system liquid fuel being divided at least two kinds of cuts vehicle-mountedly, two kinds of cuts are such as relatively high and relative lower boiling cuts (such as passing through vacuum evaporation), cut is mixed by with the mode of " being optimum concerning instant engine running state " or ratio subsequently, thus need fuel mix that is dynamic or continuous variable in the invention, quite similar with Kemmler in this respect.The main purpose of Holder looks like emission control.
The more recent U. S. Patent 7 relevant to fuel fractionating system authorizing the people such as Glenz, 028, 672 and 7, 055, 511 teach a kind of fuel supply system for internal-combustion engine, this system have two be separated for liquid fuel storage vessel, these two storage vessels are all connected to the first controlled valve, this first controlled valve is connected to the entrance of the second controlled valve via the connecting line including petrolift, this second controlled valve has two outlets, these two outlets are communicated with the fuel injection nozzle of internal-combustion engine by the burning line be separated, article two, the burning line be separated all comprises fuel pressure regulator, one of them regulator is communicated with in two fuel storage container be separated, another regulator is communicated with another fuel storage container, fuel unnecessary in the past turns back in fuel storage container, fuel is fed into fuel injection nozzle from fuel storage container.Particularly, Glenz system relates to alternative liquid fuel image source is pushed into from fuel fractionation unit the sparger being once delivered to motor injector (as by pressurized air or other gas), and this method is similar to known original Rudolph Diesel injection method.The same with Holder, the focus of Glenz remains emissions reduction, the startup that lay special stress on motor runs and warm-up phase, stressed the vehicle-mounted mixing of optimization " startup " and " mainly " fuel mixture and controlled use in particular, as produced by fuel fractionation unit.
Therefore, about the fuel fractionating system of prior art, it is to be appreciated that and only only teach: the fuel injection system usually in controlled, variable mode, liquid fuel or fuel fraction blend being introduced motor, to adapt to the demand of motor, emissions reduction simultaneously, such as, when under cold start-up or analogue; And do not instruct or imply that circulation loop and/or volumetric expansion equipment will store the outside being fuel injection system, as a part for the whole fuel delivery system of motor, wherein, blend that is liquid and vaporized fuel will be mixed fully and is maintained the state of substantial uniform mixing, the fuel injection system being directly delivered to motor is with atomized fuel mixture better after the injection, and therefore more effective burning.
About by suction port instead of introduce fuel additive (such as propane or hydrogen) in flow in fuel, the multiple additive that makes known in the art enters the method for firing chamber as a part for air-flow.Such as, authorize the U. S. Patent 7 of Funk, 019,626 teach the system, the method and apparatus that motor are converted to multifuel engine, wherein, the gasoline of some fuel or diesel oil in a combustion chamber by introduced by suction port or directly enter independently firing chamber the second fuel (such as rock gas, propane or hydrogen) appearance substitute.Funk system comprises the control unit for measuring the second fuel and indicates the second fuel relative to bavin Water Oil Or Gas by the storage room indicator of the amount of fuel.Funk points out that its object of inventing is in the discharge shortcoming solving diesel engine, and disclosed in describing, various mode of execution reduces granular material discharged, provides " cheap diesel oil or gas engine conversion method and apparatus to the amount of the alternative fuel of operator's reporting combustion " simultaneously.
Be in the korean patent application of KR 2004/015646A at publication number, Bai teaches liquid and vaporized fuel is mixed, is transferred in firing chamber immediately subsequently by suction port.Particularly, Bai discloses jet mixer 1, it comprises gas and the liquid fuel mixing tube 15 of the end being arranged in vaporized fuel supplying pipe 11 and liquid fuel supplying pipe 13, thus mixing is from the fuel of supplying pipe supply, wherein, gas and liquid fuel mixing tube 15 have multiple portalling, and fuel filter 17 is spaced apart to filter out large particle from fuel combination with mixing tube 15, and fuel combination is transferred to motor by fuel combination supplying pipe 19 subsequently.
Obviously, fuel additive by suction port or even by spraying discretely from main liquid fuel (the more susceptible condition about this describes hereafter combining more prior art examples) and be introduced into firing chamber any situation, the method that main and secondary burning or liquid and vaporized fuel can be mixed fully before injection and combustion incident is not provided.
Fuel additive (such as propane or hydrogen) is introduced in flow in fuel by present discussion, particularly, authorize the U. S. Patent 6 of the people such as Klenk, 845,608 teach a kind of method for operation of combustion engine, wherein, at least two kinds of different fuel are fed at least one firing chamber of internal-combustion engine simultaneously.More specifically, Klenk discloses and is mainly sprayed together with conventional injector with diesel fuel by hydrogen, as above-mentioned major part " fuel fractionation " for reduction of discharging object.Similarly, authorize the U. S. Patent 6 of Yang, 427,660 teach a kind of compression-ignition engine 7 with at least one firing chamber 10, this firing chamber 10 has air inlet 14 and exhaust outlet 26, and provide the dual fuel injector with mixing chamber 46, the outlet of this mixing chamber 46 is connected with firing chamber 10 fluid by the first valve 54.Liquid fuel line 64 is for being delivered to mixing chamber 46 by liquid gas.Liquid fuel line 64 is connected to mixing chamber 46 by the second valve 60.Also provide inflammable gas pipeline 56, for the inflammable gas of compression is delivered to mixing chamber 46.After the first valve 54 is opened, liquid fuel is admitted to firing chamber 10 by the combustible gas of compression.Therefore, according to such prior art, obviously show only liquid and vaporized fuel and jointly sprayed in fact, and do not show the method for additive package and basic fuel fully before ejecting.
In prior art, pluralities of fuel is mixed as the additive method of normal flow before spraying and comprise disadvantageous feature, and mixes liquid and vaporized fuel and maintain this homogeneous expectation means before ejecting in heterogeneity are not still provided substantially.Such as, authorize the U. S. Patent 6 of the people such as Watanabe, 513,505 teach the sparger 2 be connected to by respective dispensing conduit 3 in common rail 4, and from the mixture of the liquid fuel of liquid fuel case 2 feed-in and the extra liquid from additional liquid case 9 feed-in, wherein, additional liquid case 9 feed-in common rail subsequently 4.The extra liquid comprised in the mixture is transformed into its supercritical state, and mixture is ejected in motor by from sparger 2.The entrance of dispensing conduit 3 makes it be opened into liquid fuel layer relative to the position of common rail 4, and when mixture is separated, this liquid fuel layer will be formed in common rail 4.Therefore, although teach fuel element (such as diesel oil or light oil and additive, additive is water, carbon dioxide, hydrogen and hydro carbons such as, hydro carbons is ethanol, methane, ethane such as) can be mixed in the upstream of fuel injection system, here be the gas phase 12 being arranged in injection pump 6 front, but Watanabe also merely discloses extra liquid and remains in its its thermodynamic critical point, or there is the feature of liquids and gases.In order to maintain this supercritical state of fuel additive, Watanabe teaches and the temperature in the whole fuel line from additive tank 9 to compression pump 6 is maintained " the critical temperature T of extra liquid cunder ", pressure is maintained " on vaporization (liquefaction) pressure of extra liquid ".In order to achieve this end, the system of Watanabe adds complexity and thing followed cost.In addition, to maintain and the physical fuel character that processes these delicate balance proposes further challenge, particularly, in common rail 4 in ejecting system.In Watanabe, the common rail 4 of Vertical direction is specially configured to not only maintain actual temp and pressure, also allow to be separated the extra liquid from major liquid fuel (such as diesel oil) when it is shut off, i.e. vaporized fuel (such as rock gas or methane), and diesel oil occupies the bottom space of common rail, thus first diesel oil sprayed, until common rail preheating, extra liquid returns its supercritical state, and two kinds of fuel elements mix subsequently to a certain extent again, until " the two-layer disappearance in final common rail 4 ".Therefore, obvious Watanabe introduces relatively costly and complicated feature in order to extra liquid being maintained overcritical or liquid condition in its " fuel-supplying unit ", Watanabe points out to mix mutually with main fuel fully to realize, this is necessary, even expressly taught that " if the front evaporator that extra liquid mixes with liquid fuel at it; or after it mixes with liquid fuel, the front evaporator of its supercritical state is even transformed at it, liquid fuel and extra liquid can not mix each other equably ".Watanabe then set forth, and " if extra liquid evaporation, then its volume rises.Therefore, be difficult to supply extra liquid fully ".Therefore, Watanabe expressly taught that propellant composition must remain on liquid state or supercritical state substantially in the entire system, and operationally utilizes temperature and pressure, thus mixing also sprays liquid fuel mixture subsequently fully.
Similarly, in the multiple fuel system of another kind of classification in the prior art, teach a kind of contrary method, wherein, vaporized fuel component (such as propane) becomes main fuel fuel, and liquid fuel (such as diesel oil) is secondary igniting or fuel catalyst.Such as, the international publication number of the people such as Martin is the ejecting system that patent discloses a kind of high-vapor-pressure liquid fuel for such as liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) of WO2008/141390, and fuel liquid " is remained on expection running temperature " by this system can produce 2.5MPa pressure high-pressure service pump by utilizing.Fuel can directly be sprayed the intake manifold of cylinder or jet engine via axis or bottom feed-in injector, and also can mix to be sprayed similarly with low-steam pressure fuel (such as diesel oil).Mixing or unmixing fuel can be stored in accumulator by high pressure, after a period of time, then when restarting motor, assist to keep motor to run at fuel reburning and injection period.Same sparger can be used to the mixture of any fuel or fuel to spray.Therefore, as Watanabe and other people, Martin also teach that and expects all propellant compositions to maintain liquid condition all the time, to contribute to processing with other with the mixing of the fuel of injection period before ejecting.
Be in the U.S. Patent application of US 2008/0022965 at the publication number of the people such as Bysveen, teach a kind of compression-ignition engine, it utilizes the operating fuel based on methane, and reuses diesel oil or analog as " ignition trigger agent ".Can the fuel and method that run motor be used in a series of application, such as, road surface or water vehicle, or be used in static application, such as, power station.Just the same as Watanabe with Miller, Bysveen teaches " the pressurized or liquefaction of gaseous fuel; and mix with diesel fuel " (at motor or vehicle outside the venue), and subsequently " fuel 3 of premixing is fed in storage vessel 4, and fuel is maintained pressurization or liquid condition by storage vessel 4 ".In the alternate embodiments of Bysveen, " sparger 206 is configured to reception two kinds of fuel elements and it is introduced in fuel chambers simultaneously ".Herein, with Klenk the spitting image of, such as, and " two kinds of components mixed immediately before being ejected into firing chamber in sparger, guarantee ignition trigger agent pressurization or liquefaction gas in dispersed ".Therefore, fuel precharge is there is not in Bysveen, Klenk and other similar systems, thus, only can use common rail, and direct or mechanical atomization can not be used, otherwise, may pump cavitation be there is, and when Bysveen, still need the additional firmware of the form of custom-designed hydraulic jet device, to guarantee that liquid-gas fuel mixture is fully sprayed (that is, the unnecessary steam of vapour lock can be caused to generate reduce).Same the same with other people with Klenk, Holder, the main purpose of Bysveen is also reduce discharge, instead of promotes fuel efficiency.
Briefly with reference to another PCT patent application, be similar to Bysveen, the publication number authorizing Fisher is that the international monopoly of WO 2008/036999 teaches bifuel system and assembly, and wherein, liquid LPG and diesel oil mixing are also assigned to firing chamber by common rail subsequently.According to the preferred implementation of bifuel system, Fisher thinks only to be needed slightly to change diesel engine, and does not need the specification changing MANUFACTURER.According to Fisher, the final burning of fluid fuel mixture provides more clean discharge and relatively cheap vehicle operating cost, and this is owing in fact employing more cheap fuel, and more not high efficiency result.More in detail a bit, Fisher teaches liquid diesel and the passive mixing of petrogas in mixing chamber 28 of precharge, mixing chamber 28 is configured to spherical reservoir, wherein each flow in fuel is introduced into produce eddy flow (swirling) effect from axle each other, and " be suitable for the proportional stream of mixed liquefied gas and the proportional stream of diesel oil, thus form liquid fuel mixture " thus.Silk screen 61 is placed in mixing chamber 28 " to help the mixing of fuel " or stirs.Fisher teaches liquid fuel mixture and " be preferably under high pressure pumped in common rail, thus liquid fuel mixture remains on liquid condition ".Therefore, the same with other people as Watanabe, Bysveen, Miller, Fisher also teach that liquid and vaporized fuel will be in liquid condition (such as by enough pressure), is all in liquid state in the mixing in disclosed fuel system and delivery process.With other people, Fisher also shows only to pay close attention to and reduces discharge.
Therefore, the prior art summed up hereinbefore comprises various system, by these systems, main diesel engine is converted into by following method and runs under " double fuel " or " multi fuel " pattern: fractionation liquid fuel (Hilton, Pinotti, Kemmler, Holder and Glenz), add another kind of propellant composition to flow in fuel (Klenk, Yang and Watanabe) or suction port (Funk and Bai), or by effectively change fuel and using in a small amount of diesel injection to fuel chambers as catalyzer, or say with the words of Bysveen, as " ignition trigger agent ", sometimes referred to as " pilot injection ", its light or burn to be entered by suction port or directly enter be separated with diesel oil or mix (Martin with diesel oil under stress, Bysveen and Fisher) alternative fuel (the such as rock gas of room, propane or hydrogen).Certainly, under where formula in office, this alternative fuel in the burned event of percentage of diesel oil is replaced, and toxic emission is reduced, particularly pellet.This also can reduce fuel cost, if alternative fuel is more cheap than diesel oil, although may not necessarily reduce overall fuel consumption or provide fuel efficiency in fact.The nearest certain methods about multi fuel injection emphasized above is even advised: such alternative fuel mixes in somewhere, upstream with diesel fuel before ejecting, but these other reference teaches diesel oil remains auxiliary fuel relative to the small scale of alternative fuel or " ignition trigger agent ", and/or the concrete physical state of fuel element (such as by the overcritical of sufficiently high pressure or liquefaction) remains constant, mix satisfactorily to make fuel and sprayed (see Watanabe and Ishikiriyama and Hibino hereafter) by common, or be not otherwise provided for instruction or the structure of homogeneous fuel combination substantially before ejecting, thus the spraying effect of other primary fuel component of diesel oil or mixture is promoted by the dispersed of gas or lower boiling propellant composition.Particularly about the method for mixes liquid and gaseous state fuel element, many prior art reference are all referred to the storage space in " mixing chamber ", " orifice mixer ", " jet mixer ", " choker " or " Venturi tube " or system with " stirrer " (such as silk screen or mixing blade), do not have the multicell of reference teaches series connection or are enough to allow vaporized fuel before multi fuel mixture arrives ejecting system, arrive any concrete geometrical shape or the minimum volume of equilibrium or degree of saturation substantially in liquid fuel.
Relative to other illustrative embodiments of multiple fuel system of the present invention, outside prior art discussed above, also have some extra art methods of being worth mentioning, especially they relate to the vaporized fuel additive using nitrogen as liquid-gas multi fuel mixture.
First, nitrogen (gas as a kind of inertia) is used to be known as the blast in fuel system or fuel inhibitor.Such as, authorizing the U. S. Patent 6 of Susko, 634, in 598, teach the nitrogen making the proper ratio relative to oxygen in the space on the liquid fuel in aircraft or other vehicle fuel tank, thus " in burning things which may cause a fire disaster or case another kind of potential explosive event invasion under do not support burning ".Susko discloses nitrogenous source self-pressurization case 13, and this pressurized tank 13 is communicated with by valve with liquid fuel case 11, and based on by certain class probe in detecting to case in oxygen content measure lead in case.Therefore, in this case, obviously, nitrogen is by as combustion inhibitor for security reasons in fuel system, instead of the combustion enhancer of any kind, does not instruct the fuel additive of nitrogen as reality thus.Publication number see also people such as Marwitz is US 2007/0151454 and is entitled as the 5th section in the U.S. Patent application of " MobileNitrogen Generation Device ".Marwitz teaches a kind of for being injected into by the nitrogen of inertia in boring to prevent the object of the igniting in drilling operation and corrosion and the system be separated from air by nitrogen substantially.
Therefore, traditionally, any type of nitrogen be incorporated into liquid fuel himself, instead of to separate with fuel as the gas of inertia and exist and the space be in above fuel, it has been taught as being chemical compound in a kind of hydrocarbon fuel, for other objects except fuel, instead of be mixed into simply in liquid fuel as " pure " nitrogen N 2.Authorizing the people such as Tomassen and transferring the U. S. Patent 5,139 of the Shell Oil Company, in 534, " for reducing the diesel fuel additives of the dirt of the sparger of diesel engine, it at least has general formula is CH to teach one 3(CH 2) n-A-NH 2the valid density of nitrogen-containing compound, wherein, n is 4-18, A is-CH 2-or-CO-, or its mixture, as comprise diesel oil major portion diesel fuel in additive ".Tomassen teaches such additive can be placed in mixture, and the scope of diesel oil is every 1,000,000 10-500 parts (ppmw) by weight, although its " can comprising major part (being greater than 50%wt) or fraction ".Finally, it is concrete " nitrogen-containing compound " that Tomassen also only discloses any such additive, instead of nitrogen, it is selected and ratio is in order to it is in the effect of dirt preventing or eliminate sparger (especially injector nozzle), instead of any fuel effect.
Authorize the U. S. Patent 6 of the people such as Drnevich, 343,462 teach a kind of gas turbine system, wherein, " power stage increases and NOx emission reduces; and use low pressure steam by the mixture adding nitrogen or nitrogen and water vapor to combustion gas turbine simultaneously, thus minimize the adverse effect of heat consumption ".Drnevich discloses and can realize stablizing nitrogenous source by any air separation technology, such as: cryogenic rectification, pressure-variable adsorption, Vacuum Pressure Swing Adsorption or membrane technology, further, nitrogen can be high-purity (oxygen lower than 10ppm) or comparatively low-purity (oxygen lower than 5%).But Drnevich emphasizes that nitrogen is moistening by the steam of pressure between 30 pounds/square inch (psia) to combustion gas turbine delivery pressure, and nitrogen is overheated to avoid condensing before moistening nitrogen mixes with main fuel (such as rock gas).Namely, in the concrete combustion gas turbine application that Drnevich pays close attention to, need, with almost equal share, moistening nitrogen is mixed the (rock gas of 35% with rock gas, the nitrogen of 32.5% and equilibrirm water steam in the exemplary embodiment), thus the NOx realizing expecting reduces, nitrogen is especially used for its effects of reduced temperature in combustion reaction, which thereby reduces the formation of nitrogen oxide.Therefore, the nitrogen in the combustion gas turbine application of Drnevich is in fact carrier as water vapor.Subsequently, again, with the mode except the burning of fuel or atomization and object and use nitrogen, it replaces inertia and this character is useful in cooling, non-reactivity.As described in Drnevich, this application of nitrogen in combustion gas turbine is known, no matter whether is injected into compressor discharge and/or firing chamber individually and still first mixes mutually with the fuel being about to burn.
Finally, with reference to nearest invention, it ad hoc uses together with the internal-combustion engine run with diesel oil or Fuel Petroleum, and the international publication number authorizing the people such as Bert is that the International Patent Application PCT/EP2007/058668 of WO 2009/024185 relates to " the vehicle-mounted continuous product hydrogen by ammonia electrolysis ".Bert discloses concrete electrolytic bath " allow vehicle-mounted generation hydrogen: nitrogen mixture, it is used as the combustion improver of internal-combustion engine, and main fuel is ammonia or any other fossil fuel, such as methane, gasoline and diesel oil ".Therefore, Bert teaches a kind of special hydrogen of vehicle-mounted generation: nitrogen mixture (preferably ratio is 3:1), thus as the nitrogen of inert gas again not as independently fuel additive, and in fact, it only produces only as the by-product of hydrogen production process together with the known hydrogen with potential energy, therefore, there is flammable effect, and only with add such hydrogen: relevant with the nitrogen mixture in suction port, and not relevant with liquid fuel pre-spray.
Other prior aries of the efficiency and/or discharge improvement that relate generally to internal-combustion engine comprise following technology.
The U. S. Patent 4,373,493 authorizing Welsh teaches the method and apparatus for utilizing liquid fuel and vaporized fuel minimum change standard internal combustion engines simultaneously.Gaseous state and liquid fuel are from the fuel supply feed-in be separated, and control flow in fuel in response to engine loading, thus when engine idle, under engine action, only vaporized fuel is supplied and is burnt, and when motor runs under that loading condition, gaseous state and liquid fuel are all supplied and are burnt.
Authorize the U. S. Patent 4 of van der Weide, 953,516 equipment teaching a kind of Venturi tube vaporizer for intelligent control vaporized fuel, it comprises pressure regulator, for controlling the modulating valve in the primary throttle valve in the air intake pipe of the output of motor and the gas supply pipe between pressure regulator and Venturi tube, this valve is connected to primary throttle valve.This for providing the mechanical system being rich in remaining air-fuel mixture under all situations by adjusting, only need to finely tune mixture to think that motor provides the correct mixture needed for often kind of load/speed condition.These demands store within a processor, necessity correction of processor by utilizing some Dilution airs gas sprayed in main Venturi tube to control mixture.For this reason, little Venturi tube is placed in gas tube, and suck the air-flow of diluent air by mixing air modulating valve, this valve is controlled with continuous, analogy aptitude manner by processor.Alternatively, the O of waste gas is arranged in 2sensor can by signal back processor.
The U. S. Patent 5,207,204 authorizing the people such as Kawachi instructs a kind of motor, and it has firing chamber and for directly injecting fuel into the Fuelinjection nozzle in firing chamber.Auxiliary air supplier provides auxiliary air with the fuel of atomization by fuel injection valves inject.Control auxiliary air supply pressure, thus auxiliary air supply pressure and firing chamber in pressure between maintain setting pressure difference.Therefore, auxiliary air is supplied to suitable pressure in whole fuel injection period, thus fully micronizing spray fuel and promote fuel efficiency.
The U. S. Patent 5,291,869 authorizing Bennett teaches a kind of fuel supply system for liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) (LPG) fuel of liquid state being supplied to the intake manifold of internal-combustion engine, and it comprises fuel feeding assembly and fuel injection mechanism.Fuel feeding assembly comprises fuel rail assembly, and it comprises supply and return passage.Fuel injection mechanism is communicated with return passage fluid with the supply of fuel rail assembly.The LPG sprayed is by being maintained at liquid state along fuel rail assembly with the cooling in fuel injection mechanism.Fuel is returned for effectively supply fuel being cooled to liquid state before being ejected into the intake manifold of motor in fuel rail assembly and fuel injection mechanism.
The U. S. Patent 5,816,224 authorizing the people such as Welsh teaches a kind of storage, process and gaseous fuel to being suitable for simultaneously with the system of sending of the internal-combustion engine power supply unit of liquid fuel and gaseous state operating fuel.The invention provides the control system with floating control electromagnetism, this floating control electromagnetism guarantees dry gas by stable supplying in motor.The sensor of the existing electronic fuel delivery system of this invention use equipment and computer adjust the amount in order to compensate the liquid fuel sent to the amount of injection of gaseous fuel.The invention provides the vaporized fuel control system for double fuel equipment, it is integrated and compact, and its filling fuels preferably included for vaporized fuel connects.This invention additionally provides the horizontal fuel reservoir that the parallel conduits that interconnected by end forms, and preferably, it comprises two independently compartments and for allowing the pressure release system be expanded to from main compartment release compartment.Additionally provide the interchangeable reservoir of horizontal and vertical, it has the extension property of filling by weight.
The state that the U. S. Patent 6,213,104 authorizing Ishikiriyama teaches liquid fuel (such as diesel oil) forms supercritical state by being brought up on critical pressure and temperature by the pressure and temperature of fuel.Then, fuel is with in the firing chamber of supercritical state from fuel injection valves inject to motor.When the fuel of supercritical state is ejected in the firing chamber of motor, it forms fabulous even mist in whole firing chamber.Therefore, the burning in motor is significantly promoted.
The U. S. Patent 6,235,067 authorizing the people such as Ahern teach a kind of for burning hydrocarbon fuel to produce and to extract the scheme of the translation energy strengthened.In this scenario, hydrocarbon fuel is divided into nanometer fuel region at nanometer, and each district has the diameter being less than 1000 dusts; And no matter be that fuel is all introduced into firing chamber before or after nanometer segmentation.In a combustion chamber, at least approximately 50000psi and the excitation rise time shock wave excitation that is at least about 100 nanoseconds is applied on fuel.Be divided into the fuel of this Nano quantum restricted area can enable quantum mechanics condition, wherein the translation energy pattern of fuel be exaggerated, and the average energy of translation energy pattern level is higher than the average energy not splitting fuel of macro-size thus.For example, the translation energy that the burning of the fuel of this nanometer segmentation provides enhancing by reciprocating piston extracts, because only the translation energy pattern of combustion products contributes to the momentum transfer with piston significantly.What this invention provided enhances translation energy extraction by following method as the shock wave excitation be applied in the burning of any fuel (being preferably applied to the fuel of nanometer segmentation) and exchanges between main combustion period: strengthen the translation energy mode amplitude in fuel, and before the fuel rebalancing translation energy burnt to other energy models, increase the appreciable energy conversion from translational mode to piston.
The U. S. Patent 6,584,780 authorizing the people such as Hibino teach a kind of store compact dissolution methane based gas and supply the system of the gas of predetermined composition.Container 10 stores the methane based gas the device be supplied to for adjusting component that are dissolved in varsol, is realized the object of adjustment composition by this device.Preferably, the device of adjusting component is the device for fuel tank being maintained supercritical state, or with the pipeline 48 of extraction of substance in predetermined ratio gas phase 12 from container and liquid phase 16.
The U. S. Patent 6,761,325 authorizing the people such as Baker teaches a kind of dual fuel injection valve, and two kinds of different fuel are ejected in the firing chamber of internal-combustion engine discretely and independently by it.The first fuel is delivered to injection valve with jet pressure, and the second fuel is brought up to jet pressure by the strengthening agent provided in injection valve or is delivered to injection valve with jet pressure.Electronic control valve controls the hydraulic pressure being arranged in the control room of injection valve.The pressure of the hydraulic fluid in these control rooms is used for the outer needles activating hollow independently, and this outer needles controls the injection of the first fuel.Internal needle is positioned among outer needles, and it controls the injection of the second fuel.The outer needles pair base associated with injection valve is closed, and the internal needle pair base associated with outer needles send closedown.
The publication number of the people such as Hoenig is that the U.S. Patent application of US 2007/0169749 teaches a kind of fuel injection system for injecting fuel into internal-combustion engine, it comprises at least one fuel injector and the first fuel divides distribution, and this first fuel divides distribution to be connected at least one fuel injector.Second fuel divides distribution to pass through independently corresponding spray gun and is connected with at least one fuel injector.
The publication number of the people such as Futonagane is the fuel injector 1 that the U.S. Patent application of US 2008/0029066 teaches in a kind of internal-combustion engine, wherein, the medial compartment control valve 26 controlled by the fuel pressure in common rail 2 is arranged in the fuel flow channel 25 of the medial compartment 20 of connection two shape type three-way valve 8 and charged piston 17.When the fuel pressure in common rail 2 is in high pressure side fuel region, charged piston 17 is run by this medial compartment control valve 26, and when the pressure in common rail 2 is in low voltage side fuel region, the operation of charged piston 17 is stopped by this medial compartment control valve 26.
Therefore, the prior art above summed up comprises various system, by these systems, main diesel engine is converted into using " double fuel " or " multi fuel " mode operation by following method: fractionation liquid fuel, another kind of propellant composition added to flow in fuel or suction port or effectively change fuel and by a small amount of diesel injection to fuel chambers as catalyzer.Teach simultaneously and the nitrogen of different capabilities is used together with other main fuels, but due to the character of its inertia, be no matter as safe inerting agent, as anticorrosion ability on-gaseous compound additive or with denitrogenate that (it provides quality or energy for combustion event, such as water or hydrogen) beyond " fuel " combine, but obviously never as the independent fuel additive for flammable effect, no matter be vehicle-mounted generation or supply from pressurized tank.
Up to now, unrealized and still need relatively simple and economical effective motor fuel to strengthen system, by this system improving efficiency.The present invention has catered to this demand and the related advantages further provided as mentioned below.
Summary of the invention
All aspects of of the present invention teach some benefit in building and using, and which create exemplary advantage hereinafter described.
In the mode of general introduction, All aspects of of the present invention relate to the fuel enhancement system that homogenizes, it comprises at least one circulation loop being present in ejecting system outside, for any demand except engine injector system (no matter mechanical atomization or common rail) and circulate continuously except the sending of engine injector system and maintain the homogenieity of multi fuel mixture, this fuel enhancement system that homogenizes also comprises at least one intrusion pipe be configured at least one circulation loop, for providing volume expanded, wherein, fuel mixture can slowly and more effectively inject and absorb, and realize relatively high homogenieity thus.The configuration of these two assemblies and other modification of quantity are also possible, and do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Other aspects of the present invention relate to the fuel combination being particularly useful for controlling to motor vehicular metering, mix and send.In addition, additional assemblies can be combined with any fuel enhancement system that homogenizes like this to realize additional or miscellaneous function convertibly, such as, for accumulator and the fuel cooling installation of the fluctuation that meets the pressure.
According to hereafter more detailed description, by reference to the accompanying drawings, other feature and advantage of All aspects of of the present invention will become more clear, and accompanying drawing shows the principle of All aspects of of the present invention in an exemplary fashion.
Accompanying drawing explanation
That encloses drawings describes each aspect of the present invention, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of illustrative embodiments of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of Alternative exemplary mode of execution of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the Zoom Side diagram of the exemplary fuel-device that homogenizes of All aspects of according to this aspect;
Fig. 4 is its plan view;
Fig. 5 is its worm's eye view;
Fig. 6 is its side view in use;
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of another Alternative exemplary mode of execution of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of another Alternative exemplary mode of execution of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of another Alternative exemplary mode of execution of the present invention;
Figure 10 is the schematic diagram of another Alternative exemplary mode of execution of the present invention;
Figure 11 is the schematic diagram of another Alternative exemplary mode of execution of the present invention;
Figure 12 is the schematic diagram of another Alternative exemplary mode of execution of the present invention;
Figure 13 is the enlarged side view of fuel-device of homogenizing according to the Alternative exemplary of All aspects of of the present invention;
Figure 14 is the schematic diagram of another Alternative exemplary mode of execution of the present invention;
Figure 15 is the schematic diagram of another Alternative exemplary mode of execution of the present invention;
Figure 16 is the enlarged side view of fuel-device of homogenizing according to another Alternative exemplary of All aspects of of the present invention;
Figure 17 is the flow chart that three fuel-devices that homogenize of Figure 16 are installed in series;
Figure 18 is the amplification stereogram of the exemplary flow rate control gear according to All aspects of of the present invention;
Figure 19 is the viewgraph of cross-section that the flow control device 19-19 along the line of Figure 18 intercepts;
Figure 20 is the schematic diagram of another Alternative exemplary mode of execution of the present invention;
Figure 21 is the schematic diagram of another Alternative exemplary mode of execution of the present invention; And
Figure 22 is the enlarged side view that the exemplary capillary used according to All aspects of of the present invention oozes out equipment.
Embodiment
Above-mentioned accompanying drawing illustrates All aspects of of the present invention with at least one illustrative embodiments, and the All aspects of of these mode of executions are described in more detail below.
Subject of this patent application is the fuel enhancement system of improvement in various embodiments substantially, its with internal-combustion engine or based on the open text of the application of above reference similar devices together with use.Therefore, although other illustrative embodiments illustrated herein and describe especially pay close attention to fuel enhancement system assembly and fuel mixture mixing, circulate and send relevant concrete aspect, but specifically when common rail or mechanical atomization diesel engine, those skilled in the art will recognize that, the present invention can and may work together with fuel with various existing known or that developed afterwards or found motor, engine fuel system, therefore the invention is not restricted to the mode of execution specifically illustrating and describe.In addition, it should be understood that the word " fuel " that the existing application of the application's full text and reference uses comprises any combustible substance or any material of assisting in some way, strengthening or affecting burning.In addition, " vaporized fuel " is construed as in atmospheric conditions or is in any " fuel " material of gaseous state under zero degrees celsius at atmospheric pressure, such as, air or propane, generally speaking, do not consider that vaporized fuel may on any specified point in the fuel delivery system of motor, sparger or fuel chambers, or the phase that can reach in the fuel enhancement system that homogenizes of instantaneous improvement or state, as by recognizing from being explained in more detail of each aspect of the present invention hereinafter listed.
Substantially, the All aspects of of this fuel system that homogenizes relate at least one circulation loop be positioned at outside ejecting system, for except engine injector system (no matter mechanical atomization or common rail, or the system of other so present known or subsequent development) any demand and circulate continuously outside the sending of engine injector system and maintain the homogenieity of multi fuel mixture, the fuel system that homogenizes also comprises at least one intrusion pipe be configured at least one circulation loop, for providing volume expanded, wherein, fuel mixture can slowly and more effectively inject and absorb, and realize relatively high homogenieity thus.The configuration of these two assemblies and other modification of quantity are also possible, and do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Other aspects of the present invention relate to the fuel combination being particularly useful for controlling to motor vehicular metering, mix and send.In addition, additional assemblies can be combined with any fuel enhancement system that homogenizes like this to realize additional or miscellaneous function convertibly, such as, for accumulator and the fuel cooling installation of the fluctuation that meets the pressure.
Now first with reference to Fig. 1 and 2, show the illustrative embodiments of the fuel enhancement system 20 that homogenizes for using together with " common rail " diesel engine according to each side of the present invention, mainly in fuel system control gear (electronics and machinery), each different mode of executions will be described in more detail below.As introduction problem, although notice that multiple engine pack is illustrated as a part for whole accompanying drawing substantially, the common rail of such as fuel channel, sparger, fuel filter, diesel fuel tanks and elevator pump and associated fuel line and like, these all assemblies or its any modification or substitute all can use together with the present invention (no matter install in factory or buy at after-market), and do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Therefore, although these assemblies are illustrated as a part for whole fuel system in different figures, but it should be understood that, the present invention is not limited thereto significantly, and do not have claim to relate to these standard packages of motor, these standard packages are in this article only simply as the background of the fuel enhancement system that homogenizes of the present invention.In addition, although illustrate and describe illustrative embodiments particularly in conjunction with diesel engine, also can use the modification of other motors that are known or following exploitation now, include but not limited to gasoline direct injection engine.
In first illustrative embodiments of Fig. 1, show whole fuel system 20, it comprises the diesel fuel tanks 30 and pressured propane case 40 with elevator pump 32 substantially, diesel fuel tanks 30 and pressured propane case 40 all feed-in represent with label 50 substantially and comprise in the circulation loop of intrusion pipe 70, one or more circulation loop defines the fuel enhancement system that homogenizes, and circulation loop 50 is communicated with by fuel filter 99 fluid with sparger 91 herein with the ejecting system common rail 90 of motor.In more detail, diesel fuel tanks 30 passes through fuel line 31 via elevator pump 32 with the pressure feed diesel fuel of about 5psi, and all these equipment are all the equipment of factory's installation that can certainly be contained in case 30 or conveniently configure separately as illustrated in fig. 1.Subsequently, diesel fuel can arrive another circulation loop via fuel line 33 and send pump 34, and in the exemplary embodiment, diesel fuel is risen to about 15-20psi by this pump.It is to be appreciated that, it can be any any fluid pump that is known or that develop in the future now that circulation loop sends pump 34, and it is arranged to suitable pressure and power consumption is also suitable for diesel oil and other this light oil fuels, fluid pump includes but not limited to: the turbo type that the Robert Bosch Co., Ltd being located at Michigan state Farmington Hills manufactures, gear, blade, or roller vane pump, or be configured to the patent positive-displacement pump being suitable for liquid-vapor fuel mixture, as California state Vista US Airflow manufacture perhaps can positive-displacement pump, its pump technology is the U. S. Patent 7 of authorizing on May 25th, 2010, 721, 641 and numerous copending Patent application (include but not limited to: on May 23rd, 2005 submit to PCT application US2005/018142 and on November 6th, 2008 submit to PCT application US2008/012533 and come from these application any national phase application case) theme.In an alternative embodiment, one or more pump of sending like this can be multistage, or can in groups or tandem arrangement with realize need pump amount and supercharging.The system that is used in is any or all these send pump and other recycle pumps, high pressure positive displacement pump or similar pump can utilize any device that is known or exploitation in the future suitably drive and control, and includes but not limited to pulse-width modulator (not shown).Get back to fuel enhancement system 20, in the first illustrative embodiments, between diesel fuel tanks 30 and circulation loop 50, provide the flow transducer 43 of online (in-line), also have and connect another fuel line 41 that circulation loop sends the fuel line 35 of pump 34 and flow transducer 43 and the fuel line 51 from flow transducer 43 to circulation loop 50.In addition, propane is supplied to flow control valve 44 by fuel line 37 by propane case 40, and propane is supplied to fuel line 41 by fuel line 38 by flow control valve 44 subsequently, and fuel line 41 carries the diesel fuel as flow transducer 43 measures.Preferably, propane case 40 is adjusted to the pressure minimum of at least approximately 10psi larger than the pressure (in the exemplary embodiment, again, about 15-20psi) in the fuel line 41 of propane feed-in, thus propane is fed into the pressure of about 25-30psi.Flow control valve 44 is controlled by micro-processor control device 45 or similar device, control gear 45 can be the equipment developed known or future arbitrarily, for electronic control valve or other this flow-control equipments, and according to the data action received from various input, the flow transducer 43, throttle sensor or other monitoring equipments worked in a manner known in the art that include but not limited to illustrative embodiments can be inputted.Therefore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, although the first example fuel of composition graphs 1 strengthens system 20 illustrate and describe exemplary electronic metering control, but the present invention is not limited to this, otherwise, these assemblies any of various combination and configuration can be comprised, and do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.In the exemplary embodiment, the fuel in fuel mixture mix time by volume ratio be the diesel oil being greater than 90 (90%) percent, be less than the propane of 10 (10%), assuming that mixed pressure is nominal 80psi.Substantially, mixed pressure is higher, to a certain extent the ratio of vaporized fuel and efficiency gain higher, thus will to recognize, intrasystem more high pressure when also can be used in mixing or after mixing, and not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Those skilled in the art also will recognize, although two kinds of concrete propellant compositions are described as and comprise fuel mixture (i.e. liquid diesel fuel and gaseous propane) and in concrete proportion, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and herein can with various combination and the ratio using other fuel various together with the fuel enhancement system that homogenizes of each side of the present invention, and do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, as Fig. 9-12 discussed below Alternative exemplary mode of execution confirm.No matter propellant composition with which kind of ratio mixes, it is to be appreciated that, the data received from the flow transducer 43 diesel fuel line based on it by micro-processor control device 45 are utilized to arrange and the ratio of regulation and its final control being delivered to the propane of diesel fuel by flow control valve 44 had, actual ratio in fuel mixture or ratio have almost no change, and this situation remains unchanged at run duration substantially.And, remain on desired proportion although flow control valve " always can be opened " and be increased by propane flow wherein or reduced with the diesel fuel measured by flow transducer 43 and report with respect to fuel line 41, in a preferred embodiment, flow control valve 44 is switched between "ON" and "Off" simply by micro-processor control device 45, frequency and the endurance of "ON" propane " pulse " are determined by the flow velocity of diesel fuel again, thus the diesel oil-propane ratio of final fuel mixture is less constant, and only therefore the total measurement (volume) of this mixture (namely also has upstream effects by the diesel fuel demand of the throttle position decision of the jet pump 95 in control downstream by system responses in engine demand in the flow velocity of the diesel fuel from case 30, as recorded in flow transducer 43) and heighten and turn down.Therefore, recognizing, and by increasing the fuel enhancement system 20 that homogenizes of the present invention, not affecting the basic operation of the fuel delivery system of motor, this fuel enhancement system 20 that homogenizes to operate in fact outside factory installation and runs independent of factory installation.Although specific electron control apparatus group operationally connects with shown customized configuration and composition graphs 1 is described, and the circulation loop 50 to fuel enhancement system 20 measures and sends the liquid-vapor fuel mixture of fixed ratio substantially, but those skilled in the art will recognize that, other control apparatuss many can be used with various combination, thus effectively measure and control the mixing of two or more fuel compositions, and do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Continue with reference to figure 1, particularly, exemplary diesel oil-propane fuel mixture arrives circulation loop 50 by fuel line 41, and wherein fuel line 41 enters fuel line 51 with three-port structure, and extra fuel returns for again circulating from jet pump 95 by fuel line 51.Fuel line 51 is communicated with pin 61 fluid that enters of optional heat exchanger 60, and heat exchanger 60 is in going out pin 63 and having one or more zigzag pin 62 before entering another fuel line 52 of circulation loop 50 by heat exchanger 60.Comprising at circulation loop 50 in the illustrative embodiments of such heat exchanger 60, it should be appreciated that extra fluid path and the surface area of increase that brings thus at fuel mixture by there is cooling effect to it time wherein.In the present invention, this expects, be not only because (namely the known fuel temperature lower relative to temperature maintenance under the cover of vehicle to contribute to more stable and more complete fired downstream, reduce Inlet Fuel Temperature, to the combustion temperature reduced, there is correlation effect), and reduce discharge and engine wear thus.The fuel temperature reduced in circulation loop 50 is also expect under concrete condition of the present invention, this is because it is relevant to intrusion pipe 70, in the illustrative embodiments of Fig. 1 and 2, intrusion pipe 70 immediately heat exchanger 60 downstream arrange, wherein, fuel mixture is decelerated, and based on the flow rate of liquid in the volume expansion of intrusion pipe 70 dynamically (its more content hereinafter composition graphs 6 describes), fuel mixture, especially gaseous component (being herein propane) also cooling and perfusion in liquid fuel constituents (being herein diesel oil), cause the fuel mixture of homogeneous substantially by the remaining part of circulation loop 50 thus and the common rail 90 making it can be used for motor.In addition, as illustrative embodiments, cool the water vapor generation that this diesel oil-propane fuel mixture significantly reduces system, contribute to thus preventing vapour lock.Therefore, to recognize, substantially, the heat-exchange apparatus for some types cooled at fuel mixture circulation time be arranged in circulation loop 50 is in use useful, especially when the intrusion pipe 70 of novelty is also included within circulation loop 50 of the present invention.Therefore, also will recognize, although the illustrative embodiments in conjunction with Fig. 1 and 2 illustrate and describes the heat exchanger 60 of radiating fin form, but the present invention is not limited thereto, alternatively, any heat exchanger that is known or that develop in the future can be comprised, if any, and do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, heat exchanger includes but not limited to the heat-exchanger fin 89(Fig. 3-6 be optionally formed on intrusion pipe 70), as the supplementary or replacement to any other heat exchanger in fuel enhancement system 20 or cooling equipment.As above concise and to the point descriptively, the downstream of heat exchanger 60 immediately be intrusion pipe 70, the fuel line 52 as a part of whole circulation loop 50 utilizes inlet duct 75(Fig. 3-6 of intrusion pipe 70) interconnect with the pin 63 that goes out of heat exchanger 60.Subsequently, fuel mixture is by intrusion pipe 70 and outflow exports lower pipe 76(Fig. 3-6), manage under describing outlet hereinafter independently in further detail.In a word, along with vaporized fuel component is filled into or is distributed in whole liquid fuel component due to the final fluid dynamic effect in the geometrical shape of intrusion pipe 70 and fuel mixture effectively, liquid-vapor fuel mixture is that it is the volume expanded of special configuration in circulation loop 50 at intrusion pipe 50() in become and homogenize substantially.By outer pipe 76(Fig. 3-6) be present in intrusion pipe 50 homogenize substantially and relatively cold fuel mixture arrive fuel filter 99 by fuel line 53 subsequently.From fuel filter 99, fuel mixture is subsequent arrives recycle pump 93 by only outlet fuel line 92, fuel mixture was risen to the nominal pressure of about 60psi by recycle pump 93 before fuel mixture to arrive the jet pump 95 of motor along fuel line 94, in exemplary co-rail diesel engine configuration, the working pressure of about 25,000psi brought up to by fuel mixture by jet pump 95.Fuel mixture needed for motor is delivered to common rail 90 by from jet pump 95 along fuel line 96, and the fuel of unwanted fuel or the current demand that exceeds motor is circulated along the fuel line 51 be communicated with jet pump 95 fluid equally again by circulation loop, thus, gone back by heat exchanger 60 as above and intrusion pipe 70 circulation, extra fuel mixture enters circulation loop 50 by demand and before heat exchanger 60, adds the fuel of recirculation simultaneously.One of skill in the art will appreciate that recycle pump 93 and jet pump 95 can be any known or in the future exploitation for sending the pump type with pressurized fuel mixture, the equipment installed of this Liang Gebengshi factory in this article.Owing to installing and configuration in factory, when the engine is running, recycle pump 93 and jet pump 95 run all continuously.Therefore, for these objects, be important to note that fuel enhancement system 20 and intrusion pipe 70 operation as mentioned above and as described in detail below that homogenizes of the present invention is for effectively by the mixing of vaporized fuel component be filled in liquid fuel component, thus final circulation, substantially homogeneous mixture by system remaining part and send and be effectively considered as liquid with jet pump.Also will recognize, illustrate herein and the circulation loop 50 that describes is dynamical systems, it mixes and circulating fuel mixture continuously, there is not the static state operation of the circulatory system of prior art, header tank, dead band or analog thus.In addition, exist outward by the ejecting system effectively at motor and run, circulation loop 50 again can not only continuously and dynamic circulation, also therefore, it is possible under the low pressure administrative situation that the liquid state of the fixed ratio of homogeneous substantially and gaseous state fuel element are maintained common rail 90 and high-pressure situations.As the same in the standard in these motors of many co-rail diesel engines and other, be fed back to fuel filter 99 with further recirculation and use along spilling Port fuel line 97 and 98 from common rail 90 and not using of individual injectors 91 respectively with unsealing fuel.Similarly, another new features relevant to intrusion pipe 70 of the present invention include accumulator mechanism 84(Fig. 3), this accumulator mechanism 84 comprises for making fuel (fuel is accelerated by accumulator mechanism 84) flow out intrusion pipe 70 and exporting 82(Fig. 3 by the unsealing of the unsealing line of return 68 at its base portion), in the exemplary embodiment, the unsealing line of return 68 sends fuel line 33 between pump 34 to be further processed with three-port structure access elevator pump 32 and circulation loop.Finally, the illustrative embodiments of Fig. 1 also comprises bypass fuel line 65, it starts from circulation loop with three-port structure and sends fuel line 35 between pump 34 and flowmeter 43, and be directly connected to filter 99, walk around flowmeter 43 and fuel additive source 40 and whole circulation loop 50 thus, if and make other positions of fuel enhancement system 20 go wrong thus, can directly provide pure diesel oil to the common rail 90 of motor.Controlling diesel oil is online pressure switch or safety check 66 by the parts of the operability flow velocity of bypass fuel line 65, it is only reduced at the pressure in valve 66 downstream side (pressure namely in fuel filter 99 or the pressure led in recycle pump 93, jet pump 95 and the final fuel line 92 leading to common rail 90) and sends bypass fuel linear pressure that pump 34 specifies (at this by circulation loop, be approximately 15-20psi, represent motor do not obtain enough fuel for some reason) under time just open.Those skilled in the art will recognize that, by this way, the fuel enhancement system 20 that homogenizes of the present invention has the automatic anti-fault pattern of operation, wherein, if in circulation loop 50 there is any downstream fault in any assembly, relation line has obstruction, or there is no fuel additive again (namely simply, propane case 40 is that sky or pressure are low), system 20 will be got back to simply and only be run with diesel fuel, thus along with it transforms back into its original " only diesel oil " fuel system, continuation is not interrupted or is run constantly by motor or vehicle, and unfavorable factor is only factory's fuel mileage, instead of the mileage of enhancing is realized by enforcement of the present invention.Considering that fuel enhancement system 20 of the present invention is run in factory's fuel system equipment (its simply and provide it to this " automatic anti-fault " fuel bypass routinely) outside in fact and the fact run independent of it, again appreciate this effect.Also will recognize, although illustrate and describe concrete layout and its connectivity by multiple fuel line segment of fuel system components relative to the illustrative embodiments of Fig. 1, the present invention is not limited to this.In addition, these assemblies with provide it to be connected and the means of mutual operability can take various configuration, and do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Again, due to the schematic diagram that Fig. 1 is a kind of fuel system mode of execution according to each side of the present invention, strictly do not follow relative size and the shape of various assembly, and be construed as the example of the principle and character being only the fuel system that homogenizes of the present invention.Therefore, to rise in fact with the replacement of the various replacement assemblies of the same function illustrated and describe be possible in the present invention and obviously fall into its scope.
Now briefly with reference to figure 2, show the alternate embodiments of fuel system 20 of the present invention, it is very similar for the fuel system used together with co-rail diesel engine with Fig. 1's, and wherein, the fuel element of circulation loop 50 has metering that is mechanical instead of electronics and sends control.Particularly, it not the micro-processor control device 45 being operably connected to flow transducer 43 in diesel fuel line, neither flow control valve in propane fuel line (Fig. 1), the substitute is the metering pump 36 measuring the fuel element of follow-up mixing for machinery.Herein, circulation loop is sent pump 34 and is utilized fuel line 35 to lead to metering pump 36 from case 30 diesel fuel.Respectively, the propane vaporized fuel that pressurized tank 40 supplies leads to metering pump 36 via fuel line 37 with suitable adjustment pressure (being fixed in the scope of 30-80psi).Metering pump mechanically measures and Medium diesel oil and propane for utilizing any pump technology that is known or in the future exploitation, may relate to multiplely being subordinated to the conventional discrete pump that drives or piston unit, thus again effectively machinery metering by wherein each kind of propellant composition.That is, in Alternative exemplary mode of execution, the geometrical shape of metering pump 36 and mechanical movement are by setting in a manner known in the art or the fixing diesel oil volume ratio relative to propane, demand based on motor is heightened or is turned down by metering pump 36 subsequently, or simple " opening " or " closedown ", as hereafter by describing comprehensively, and do not change actual ratio or the ratio of the composition in fuel mixture, it keeps constant substantially.Those skilled in the art will recognize that metering pump 36 relative to the operation of the total volume of the fuel mixture being delivered to circulation loop 50 and can be tied in multiple control that is known or exploitation in the future or measuring equipment, such as downstream machinery pressure shape, flow measuring meter, throttle sensor or microprocessor electric control device (example is below the electro-mechanical control system of combination effectively).In mechanical switch situation, will recognize, it can run in metering pump 36 self; Running as being triggered by the position of accumulator piston 85, one or more pressure, position or proximity switch (hereafter composition graphs 3 being described in detail) in intrusion pipe 70; Or run in the fuel line downstream of as directed metering pump 36 simply.Particularly, in the exemplary embodiment, from the metered delivery of metering pump 36 the first fuel line 38 out for diesel fuel, and equally carry propane or other vaporized fuel components from the second fuel line 39 of metering pump 36 separation out, vaporized fuel component is also mechanically measured and is not also mixed with diesel oil.In this embodiment, preferably, pressure switch 42 is placed in certain position of the first fuel line 38 before mixing point of carrying liquid diesel fuel, first fuel line 38 accesses the second fuel line 39 at this mixing point, and this can make the feedback ratio of natural fuel system requirements by the pressure of (liquid-vapor fuel mixture circulates) in monitoring fuel line or in downstream fuel line wherein more accurately with consistent.Again, those skilled in the art will recognize that, although illustrate and describe the machinery metering of fuel mixture, the multiple modification of perception and control and delivery program, but the present invention is not limited thereto, on the contrary, the present invention providing of other known various or exploitation in the future can be provided can these assemblies of operational effect.Under any circumstance, exemplary diesel oil-propane fuel mixture arrives circulation loop 50 to carry out the further process as above composition graphs 1 description from metering pump 36 and the first and second fuel lines 38 and 39 by single fuel line 41.Heat exchanger 60 is shown in circulation loop 50 again, and before the entrance being positioned at the additional fuel mixture for being supplied by fuel line 41 and downstream intrusion pipe 70, again will recognize and also can be used alone or in combination other this cooling equipments in the fuel enhancement system 20 that homogenizes of the present invention.
With reference now to Fig. 3-6, in order to display structure and function better, show the various enlarged diagrams of the intrusion pipe 70 of Fig. 1 and 2, to recognize, as illustrated, Fig. 3-6 need not draw in proportion and therefore should as accurate schematic diagram, especially about the size of intrusion pipe and ratio (such as: length, width, wall thickness, etc.).In addition, these schematic diagram represent total and the running principle of novel intrusion pipe 70, and this intrusion pipe 70 is fuel enhancement system 20 of the present invention parts, a part for circulation loop 50 specifically.
First, in figure 3, the schematic enlarged cross-sectional view of intrusion pipe 70 is shown.In the exemplary embodiment, can find out that intrusion pipe 70 comprises ring-type tube wall 71 substantially, it is covered by annular upper wall 72 and ring-type lower wall 80 often holding, and annular upper wall 72 and ring-type lower wall 80 are sealed by least one fixing O shape ring 83 in a manner known in the art in the inside of tube wall 71.One or two in upper wall 72 and lower wall 80 can be in aggregates or can forever or removedly be arranged in tube wall 71 with tube wall 71, thus utilize any package technique that is known or exploitation in the future to form intrusion pipe 70.Package technique includes but not limited to extruding, interference fit, is threadedly engaged, glueds joint, welds, clasp or other mechanical fasteners or holder, etc.In the exemplary embodiment, clasp 79 is configured to be engaged in each groove (not shown) be formed on tube wall 71, thus each end wall 72,80 restriction is leaned against the stepped shoulder be formed on each end of tube wall 71, temporary transient thus end wall 72,80 to be fixed in mode that is stable and sealing, still allow simultaneously relative ease ground remove one or two in end wall 72,80 with the inner member of maintenance or inspection intrusion pipe 70.Such as, in the exemplary embodiment, the accumulator mechanism represented by label 84 is substantially arranged on the lower end of intrusion pipe 70 near lower wall 80, accumulator mechanism 84 comprises piston 85, this piston 85, by being arranged on the spring between piston 85 and lower wall 80, to be slidably mounted in intrusion pipe 70 and to upper offset (or towards upper wall 72).Elastomer seal or piston ring 87 are fixed in piston 85, and slidably and be engaged in tube wall 71 hermetically.Piston ring 87 can be taked any suitable shape and can be made up of any suitable material that is known or exploitation in the future, includes but not limited to, nitrile butadiene rubber O shape ring, lip seal or U cup piston seal.Therefore, accumulator mechanism 84 and piston 85 define the upper space of intrusion pipe 70 on piston 85 or perfusion volume 88 between piston 85 and upper wall 72, and sidepiece is limited by a part for tube wall 71.To recognize, perfusion volume 88 fluctuates according to the pressure (substantially) in circulation loop 50 and the pressure (particularly) in intrusion pipe 70, spring 86 absorbs these changes and for suitable pressure is applied to fuel mixture in upper volume 88 component of mixture (no matter how) by accumulator piston 85 any preset time, its detailed content will specifically describe by composition graphs 6 hereinafter.To recognize, for example, the commercially available bladder-type accumulator of separation can replace accumulator mechanism 84, and does not depart from the spirit or scope of the present invention.In exemplary piston type accumulator 84, except the measurement of the system data of pressure or other meterings for fuel mixture and the feedback of sending and control, for example, ferromagnetic material can be used at the middle at least partially of piston 85, and the position of at least one correspondence known in the art or proximity switch are configurable in the tube wall 71 of intrusion pipe 70, thus the relative vertical movement of the indicator as circulation loop pressure and engine fuel demand of piston 85 in intrusion pipe 70 can be determined and is communicated to control apparatus, control apparatus is microprocessor 45(Fig. 1 such as) or metering pump 36(Fig. 2).Continue with reference to figure 3, in the exemplary embodiment, upper wall 72 is formed with two holes or the first and second upper channels 73,74 to be used separately as the entrance and exit of the fuel by circulation loop 50 of intrusion pipe 70, although will recognize in an alternative embodiment, can more than two passages altogether, and one or more entrance or outlet can be positioned on tube wall 71, instead of be positioned on upper wall 72, such as schematically shown in Fig. 1-2 and 7-10, therefore example arrangement should be regarded as being only exemplary.The exemplarily another aspect of the entrance and exit of the intrusion pipe 70 of property mode of execution, relatively short inlet duct 75 is illustrated as the inside being arranged on the first upper channel 73, and pipe 76 is illustrated as being arranged in the second upper channel 74 under relatively long outlet, again illustrate, its more content will be described below.In a word, in the exemplary embodiment, the fluid passage of perfusion volume 88 flowed into and flow out intrusion pipe 70 comprise flow through inlet duct 75 and the downward light pressure resistance against accumulator mechanism 84 by infusion containers 88, until bottom arrival outer pipe or inside end 78, thus upwards arrive outer pipe 76 and flow back to circulation loop 50.As hereafter the description of composition graphs 6 more fully recognized, part like this by longer outer pipe 76 relative to inlet duct 75 delimit (thus, the spatial position of inlet duct bottom end 77 on outer pipe bottom end 78 delimited) fluid passage creates dynamic flow effect in the volume expanded or perfusion volume 88 of intrusion pipe 70, its mixing causing the perfusion of liquid-vapor fuel mixture and homogenize substantially, and any vaporized fuel component not necessarily needing the pressure in circulation loop pressure or the pressure of himself to be enough in liquefied fuel mixture, to recognize that this has huge advantage in practice.In the exemplary embodiment, intrusion pipe 70 is configured to have the tube wall 71 be made up of steel or extruded aluminium, its nominal outside diameter be two inches (2 "), nominal inside diameter be one and 7/8ths inch (1-7/8 "), total length is approximately 21 inches (21 ").Alternatively, tube wall 71 also can be formed by internal steel sleeve pipe (for wear-resisting or other reasons) and external compression aluminium, in such mode of execution, inner sleeve can extrude a short appropriate amount than external aluminium, thus sleeve pipe self forms upper and lower shoulder, upper and lower wall 72,80 can be resisted against on described shoulder.Upper and lower wall 72,80 is formed by aluminium or steel disk, and its external diameter slightly larger than the internal diameter of tube wall 71, thus is fixed on the shoulder of upper and lower as described above.The thickness of upper wall 72 is approximately two and 1/2nd inches (2-1/2 "), and the thickness of lower wall 80 is approximately one and 1/2nd inches (1-1/2 ").The piston 85 of accumulator mechanism 84 is also steel or aluminium dish, and its external diameter approximates greatly the internal diameter of tube wall 71, and thickness is approximately one and 1/2nd inches (1-1/2 ").Spring 86 is the wind spring of nominal one inch (1 "), and its resting length is approximately 4 inches (4 ").Spring 86 can utilize central stud (not shown) to be maintained to be positioned at substantially the position at piston 85 and/or lower wall 80 center.The piston ring 87 be positioned on piston 85 be made up of nitrile butadiene rubber be nominally 3/8ths inches (3/8 ") thick U cup piston ring.Based on above-mentioned exemplary dimensions, will recognize, limit the nominal of the perfusion volume 88 in intrusion pipe 70 or car space is approximately 11 and 1/2nd inches (11-1/2 ").What extend into this volume lengthwise is outer pipe 76, and it has the designated length of about 11 inches (11 ") from the base portion of upper wall 72, thus between the lower end 78 and accumulator piston 85 of outer pipe 76, have the headroom of about 1/2nd inches (1/2 ").To be nominal outside diameters (O.D.) be the lower pipe 72 of outlet 1/2nd inches (1/2 "), internal diameter (I.D.) be 7/16ths inches steel pipe of (7/16 ").Further, the approximate nominal of exemplary intrusion pipe 70 or static perfusion volume 88 are 32 cubic inches of (32in 3) (volume=length x surface area=11.5in.x (Π x (.94in.) 2)) (do not consider the movement of piston 85 or relatively can ignore volume (that is, its wall), about two cubic inches of (2in occupied by outer pipe 76 self 3)).By the fluid displacement in outer pipe 76 and intrusion pipe 70 around the remaining part of outer pipe 76 volume compared with, to recognize, because these two volumes are equal to a great extent, speed or the speed of inflow and outflow intrusion pipe 70 can be equal substantially, and become relative to more and more less whole volume due to the volume exporting lower pipe 76, along with fuel mixture flows out, its speed will have the trend accelerated, and its more content is described in detail relative to " refluence " intrusion pipe 770 that substitutes of Figure 16 hereinafter.Still with reference to structure and the operation of figure 3 and the first exemplary intrusion pipe 70, fuel mixture by nominal I.D. be 1/2nd inches (1/2 ") high-voltage tube feed-in perfusion volume 88 in.Fuel mixture is from fuel line 52(Fig. 1 and 2) flow out and enter intrusion pipe 70 and perfusion volume 88 by inlet duct 75, inlet duct 75 is by the expansion from the fuel line of about 1/2nd inches (1/2 ") I.D. to the intrusion pipe 70 of about 2 inches (2 ") I.D..This expansion and length are subsequently (before flowing out by outer pipe 76, fuel mixture passes downwardly through perfusion volume 88 along this length) there is the effect slowing down and pour into fuel mixture, as hereafter composition graphs 6 describes in more detail, there is no too much limited flow rate to cause extra work and the loss of systematic back pressure and recycle pump; Certainly, the enough circulation loop flow velocitys being maintained by system (comprising one or more intrusion pipe 70) can either reduce overall power, can also help to avoid stomatal limiting value.Those skilled in the art will recognize that fuel enhancement system 20(of the present invention and intrusion pipe 70 about) All aspects of and principle be limited to the concrete exemplary geometry and structure that illustrate and describe especially never in any form, it should be understood to it is only exemplary, otherwise, other configurations various can be taked, and do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, recognize this point further by by hereafter configuring relevant description with the alternative intrusion pipe described in conjunction with Figure 11.Relatively, as the geometry that another kind represents exemplary intrusion pipe 70, will recognize that the length over diameter ratio of perfusion volume 88 is approximately five to one (5:1) (about 10 inches long to about 2 inch diameters).Although other configurations various are in the present invention available, but preferably, the measure range that length over diameter ratio remains on about five to one (5:1) is interior to obtain desired effects, and intrusion pipe 70 zooms in or out according to application (total fuel mixture throughput of expectation) subsequently simply.Under any circumstance, length over diameter ratio " measure range " in illustrative embodiments will rise to 30 to one (30:1) from approximately two-to-one (2:1), and it is preferred for again illustrating that about five to one (5:1) strengthen in system 20 at example fuel.
With reference now to Figure 4 and 5, respectively illustrate top and the bottom view of intrusion pipe 70.In the diagram, from top view intrusion pipe 70, can find out, the inlet duct 75 in illustrative embodiments is positioned at the center of upper wall 72 substantially, and exports pipe 76 and inlet duct 75 substantial parallel and be biased from inlet duct 75.The fluid of this special location of entrance and exit pipe 75,76 is communicated with effect and composition graphs 6 is equally hereinafter described and obtain best understanding.The worm's eye view of Fig. 5 and Fig. 3 together illustrate unsealing outlet 82, it is arranged on the radial offset location of the base wall 80 of intrusion pipe 70, to recognize, the exact position of unsealing outlet 82 is arbitrary in many cases, as long as it does not interfere the operation of the bias spring 86 of accumulator mechanism 84.As composition graphs 1 above explain, to recognize that the object of unsealing outlet 82 allows by piston 85(particularly further, piston ring 87) any fuel mixture of spilling is collected and is returned in circulation loop 50, in the illustrative embodiments of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, this is the inlet side realization of being sent pump 34 by the line of return 68 and circulation loop.About the fuel mixture of the piston 85 through accumulator mechanism 84, those skilled in the art also will recognize that this fuel mixture comprising light oil fuel (such as diesel oil) has lubricating effect by the moving member concerning intrusion pipe 70, moving member namely, in pipe 70 upwards and to move downward and by the piston 85 of tube wall 71 limited boundary.
With reference now to Fig. 6, show the schematic cross-sectional view of intrusion pipe 70, which show fuel mixture and move by as circulation loop 50(Fig. 1 and 2 at it) the intrusion pipe 70 of a part time flow and hydrokinetics.Along with the fuel mixture represented by label 22 substantially to enter the perfusion volume 88 of intrusion pipe 70 by inlet duct 75, in the exemplary embodiment, mixture 22 is liquid-vapor mixture, namely diesel oil adds propane, nominal pressure is approximately 20psi, therefore far below the pressure of propane at the phase transition process of atmospheric pressure (about 125psi) experience from gaseous state to liquid state.Therefore, particularly, when mix and circulation time and when introducing intrusion pipe 70 in time, liquid-vapor fuel mixture continues to have at least one gaseous component.Therefore, as schematically shown in Fig. 6, along with fuel mixture 22 enters inlet duct 75, it comprises relatively large bubble 23, and bubble 23 represents gaseous propane.But along with fuel mixture 22 flows in perfusion volume 88 as shown in the arrow 28 in Fig. 6, because the fluid entered disperses the fluid Already in poured in volume 88, therefore produce eddy current effect downwards.In addition, the liquid opposing bubble 23 of such decline is to the trend risen, this action makes bubble 23 divide, until mixture 22 arrives the bottom of perfusion volume 88 and starts upwards by exporting lower pipe 76 and leaving intrusion pipe 70, the bubble represented by label 24 is substantially now relatively little, it represents the propane having disperseed in diesel fuel fully, with as shown in arrow 29 leave intrusion pipe 70 like that after form the liquid-vapor fuel mixture 22 of homogeneous substantially.In more detail, the propane in expression fuel mixture or the bubble 23 of other vaporized fuel effectively break after entering intrusion pipe 70, and this is due to the capillary shearing stress overcoming bubble in liquid, makes bubbles burst and reduces Air Bubble Size thus.Eddy current in intrusion pipe 70 makes liquid resist himself, creates turbulent mixture reaction.In the design, deliberately strengthen this reaction by fuel mixture is introduced the top of intrusion pipe 70, this provide the environment that a kind of bubble is attempted to rise against the liquid-vapor flow in fuel flowed downward.Finally, achieve relatively controlled, repeatably by bubble size segmentation and reduce to aspiration level and fully gaseous state bubble be mixed in flow in fuel or be distributed to the program in the liquid composition of fuel mixture, thus after liquid fuel injects, provide the result of a large amount of atomizations of the expectation in fuel self, instead of attempt from external action fuel (as prior art design attempted).One of skill in the art will appreciate that along with fuel mixture 22 is by intrusion pipe 70, therefore intrusion pipe 70 has numerous physical effect useful to fuel mixture 22, and effects all is in fact all by geometry and the configuration defined of intrusion pipe 70.Again, enter perfusion volume 88 along with fuel mixture 22 leaves inlet duct 75, it experienced by volume expanded, and this expansion is used for slowing down and cool fuel mixture 22.It promotes perfusion program independently, and particularly, promotes the trend that vaporized fuel component is shunk.As mentioned above, the trend of bubble rising also resisted by the fuel mixture 22 flowed downward by inertia and frictional effects.Again, the bubble of decline fuel mixture and rising collect the cascading effect trending towards causing repetition, it is further with the mixing of controlled turbulence mixed process or stirring fuel mixture, minimize the loss of any unnecessary heat or additional-energy thus, produce the liquid-vapor fuel mixture homogenized substantially simultaneously.Therefore, one of skill in the art will appreciate that in the exemplary embodiment, the physics on the bottom 78 of inlet duct 75 pipe 76 under outlet, space are arranged and be result in above-mentioned fluid path and final melange effect.To recognize, although intrusion pipe 70 is illustrated as generallyperpendicular, other separately towards or combine with other geometry of intrusion pipe 70 and assembly (particularly entrance and exit pipe 75,76) thereof towards being possible, thus maintain the relative position of bottom 77,78 and still obtain above-mentioned final fluid flow dynamics.Those skilled in the art also will recognize, accumulator mechanism 84 maintains conforming pressures wherein when combining with other features of intrusion pipe 70 to move by pouring into volume 88 at fuel mixture 22, accumulator is also for tackling pressure surge in whole circulation loop 50 and analogue in known manner.Therefore, by accumulator mechanism 84 is positioned in intrusion pipe 70, still its benefit for circulation loop 50 and whole fuel enhancement system 20 is achieved, also achieve the additional functionality relevant with the fuel combination mixture 22 that homogenizes simultaneously, and eliminate the needs of the independent accumulator element to other positions in system.Therefore, one of skill in the art will appreciate that the intrusion pipe-accumulator structure of the efficient combination being positioned at fuel enhancement system 20 of the present invention has advantage on numerous level.
More generally, to recognize, the volume expansion that intrusion pipe provides and resultant turbulent flow and melange effect will make it possible to carry out the mixing of the fully or substantially homogeneous of liquid and gaseous state fuel element, and the cost do not had under elevated pressures and/or temperature and complexity, thus one or more fuel elements are maintained supercritical state or force vaporized fuel component before mixing with liquid fuel component by pressure, among or become liquid state afterwards, as extensively instruct in prior art abundant before ejecting these fuel are mixed together in normal flow only have method effective.As mentioned above, particularly, the present invention does not revise ejecting system or sparger, therefore in the exemplary embodiment, there is Strengthening Design, it does not affect Security or exhaust apparatus that the ejecting system hardware of vehicle and electronic control or factory installs, but will recognize, also can be used as factory according to the fuel enhancement system of each side of the present invention to install, instead of install in aftermarket (wherein, whole delivery of fuel and ejecting system can be correspondingly modified or reequip, and it is implemented also within the spirit and scope of the present invention).Under any circumstance, once such liquid-vapor fuel mixture mixes according to aspects of the present invention fully, and particularly, once the operation that vaporized fuel forms as described above by intrusion pipe 70 is poured or is distributed in liquid fuel component, and after by the sparger 91 of any amount the fuel mixture being derived from fuel enhancement system 20 of the present invention being sprayed in a usual manner, homogenised mix is substantially maintained by the continuous circulation loop 50 be positioned at outside ejecting system, to again recognize, the gaseous component of fuel mixture will have atomizing effect in liquid fuel component.That is, after spraying, experience instantaneous pressure falls by fuel mixture, when common rail motor, in firing chamber, is reduced to about 300psi from about 25,000psi.This causes vaporized fuel component to be expanded more fiercely, and mix with homogenizing substantially in fuel mixture due to it or disperse, vaporized fuel component makes liquid fuel be atomized subsequently or disperses the liquid fuel in whole firing chamber rapidly, thus realizes substantial uniform and burn completely.Again, in the present invention, achieve this effect, and do not need to maintain as prior art the high circulating pressure of being instructed or supercritical state.Outside this physics spraying effect, other chemistry that a kind of fuel element produces a kind of component or catalytic effect also can play a role in improvement in performance.Final result from fuel mixture, is extracted more energy during each combustion process, motor is made to run thus more efficient, gain to absolutely (30-100%), or can realize higher gain about 30 percent in some cases.In addition, this actual gain is in office, and where face does not have a negative impact to discharge, in the prior art method, discharge is conventional balance, the more perfect combustion of the conventional liquid fuel based on hydrocarbon causes less unburned carbon to be discharged, and because burning and exhaust gas temperature do not increase in fact, if any, such as nitrogen oxide (NO x) and carbon dioxide (CO 2) other less desirable discharges also reduce or keeping remaining on acceptable level while actual gain substantially at least generally.Further, as described herein, this effect is regarded as aftermarket " reinforcement " and installs; Even when whole motor designs around principle of the present invention, better emission result can be realized when not affecting efficiency.
With reference now to Fig. 7-10, show the various alternate embodiments of the fuel enhancement system 120 according to each side of the present invention, it is applied to now machinery or directly sprays diesel engine.In this case, although will recognize that energy fuel line or circulation loop pressure can be checked and enable to the fuel system equipment (they are different from this equipment on common rail motor) that factory installs, other mode of executions are shown and described only in order to be shown that by example fuel enhancement system 120 of the present invention can other modes effective.Therefore, again, the present invention should be understood to be not limited to any embodiment or engine application, otherwise, the fuel enhancement system 120 that homogenizes that the present invention more extensively can use with relate generally to together with various motor that is known or that develop in the future now.By further general view, to recognize that Fig. 7 and 9 relates to the alternative multi fuel mode of execution in direct injection situation, wherein, measured and fuel combination component by the circulation loop 150 being similar to first illustrative embodiments of Fig. 1 of electronic control with the ejecting system outside being positioned at motor, the mode that Fig. 8 and 10 shows to be similar to common rail situation in Fig. 2 mechanically measures the mode of execution with fuel combination component.Be Fig. 7 with Fig. 8 (as in the mode of execution of Fig. 1 and 2) in alternative electronics or Mechanical course situation be respectively similar in following: single liquid fuel (such as diesel oil) and single vaporized fuel (such as propane) mixing to form the fuel mixture being finally delivered to fuel channel 190, and are that Fig. 9 and Figure 10 of alternative electronics or Mechanical course situation is similar in following respectively: multiple vaporized fuel component (such as: propane, hydrogen and air) and single liquid fuel component (in the exemplary embodiment or diesel oil) mix.Those skilled in the art will recognize again, although show concrete combination that is liquid and gaseous state fuel element, but fuel enhancement system 120 of the present invention is not limited thereto, otherwise it can use together with fuel mixture with unlimited in fact multiple fuel that is known or that develop in the future effectively.
With reference now to Fig. 7, show the schematic diagram of the Alternative exemplary mode of execution of the electronic type control system for diesel oil-propane fuel mixture, this fuel mixture has the direct-injection engine of fuel channel 190 by being delivered to, it is easy so that fuel is delivered to individual injectors 191(via line 206 in a manner known in the art that this fuel channel 190 has independently piston 192, only illustrates one).Fuel enhancement system 120 of the present invention comprises flow transducer 143, it is online between diesel fuel tanks 130 and circulation loop 150, also comprises and connects another fuel line 141 that circulation loop sends the fuel line 135 of pump 134 and flow transducer 143 and the fuel line 151 from flow transducer 143 to circulation loop 150.In addition, propane case 140 provides propane by flow control valve 144, and gaseous propane is supplied to the fuel line 141 carrying diesel fuel by this flow control valve 144 subsequently as measured in flow transducer 143.Again, preferably, propane case 140 is adjusted to the pressure minimum of at least approximately 10psi larger than the pressure (being approximately 40-50psi) in the fuel line 141 of propane feed-in, in the illustrative embodiments substituted, pump 134 is sent to the diesel fuel tanks elevator pump 132 of about 10psi with by the motor elevator pump of about for boost in pressure 40psi or circulation loop based on by boost in pressure, therefore, the pressure in the propane case 140 in alternate embodiments is preferably adjusted to 60-100psi.Again, one of skill in the art will appreciate that above-described pump and pressure are only the objects for showing, elevator pump 132,134 can be the equipment that factory installs.Again, flow control valve 144 is controlled by micro-processor control device 145 or similar device, control gear 145 can be the equipment developed known or future arbitrarily, for electronic control valve or other this flow-control equipments, and can according to the data action received from various input, input includes but not limited to the flow transducer 143 of illustrative embodiments.Therefore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, although the Alternative exemplary fuel enhancement system 120 of composition graphs 7 illustrate and describes exemplary electronic metering control, but the present invention is not limited to this, otherwise, these assemblies any of various combination and configuration can be comprised, and do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Continue with reference to figure 7, particularly, exemplary diesel-propane fuel mixture arrives the first circulation loop 150 by fuel line 141, and fuel line 141 accesses the fuel line 151 of circulation loop 150 at this with three-port structure.Fuel line 151 is communicated with the pin fluid that enters of 2 heat exchangers described 160 as composition graphs 1 above with optional, and be communicated with another fuel line 152 fluid of circulation loop 150, fuel mixture is delivered to intrusion pipe 170 by this fuel line 152, again, as mentioned above, this intrusion pipe 170 comprises built-in accumulator mechanism 184 with cooperation in the pressure surge in process first circulation loop 150.In addition, the fuel mixture leaving intrusion pipe 170 arrives the first recycle pump 193 by the fuel line 153 remaining first circulation loop 150 part, in the exemplary embodiment, this first recycle pump 193 simply by fuel mixture with the nominal pressure of about 60psi (as elevator pump 132,134 limit) and system in any back-pressure cycle through the first circulation loop 150.Fuel mixture leaves the first recycle pump 193 by fuel line 194, fuel line 194 feed-in high pressure positive displacement pump 200(as the case may be, mixture is pressurized to about 250-500psi by it) or feed-in second circulation loop 250(is particularly, the fuel channel 190 based on the demand feed-in motor of motor).In the exemplary embodiment, the suitable positive-displacement pump 200 being configured to be applicable to this liquid-vapor fuel mixture be the US Airflow of California state Vista manufacture perhaps can positive-displacement pump.In the exemplary embodiment, " opening/closing " operation of positive-displacement pump 200 is controlled by the pressure switch 204 in pump 200 downstream being arranged in fuel 202, and switch 204 also can be flow restriction switch or any other switch that is known or exploitation in the future.The unwanted unnecessary fuel mixture of positive-displacement pump 200 is discharged to fuel line 151 to continue circulation in the first circulation loop 150 with three-port structure from fuel line 194 simply.Again, to recognize, fuel mixture continuous circulation and mixing, especially it is by the passage of intrusion pipe 170, liquid-vapor fuel mixture is maintained the state of homogeneous substantially, even do not need the pressure phase transition of the gaseous component (being propane) making the pressure in loop 150 higher than mixture herein.Again, the first circulation loop 150 is present in the outside of engine injector system completely, and as mentioned above, this has many advantages.On the other hand, fuel mixture needed for motor is delivered to the second recycle pump 195 from high pressure positive displacement pump 200 along fuel line 202, this second recycle pump 195 is subsequently via fuel line 196 feed-in fuel channel 190, and fuel mixture is finally sprayed in a manner known in the art by sparger 191 subsequently.The inlet side of passage 190 is turned back to again to be used along spilling Port fuel line 197 from the untapped of fuel channel 190 or unsealing fuel, thus form in fact the second circulation loop 250, to the second circulation loop 250 be recognized by fuel mixture with the pressures cycle of the about 400psi limited by high pressure positive displacement pump 200, and be fed back to the first circulation loop 150 to circulate further and to utilize along spilling Port fuel line 198 in fact from the untapped of individual injectors 191 or unencapsulated fuel, line 198 is with the fuel line 141 in three-port structure access diesel stream gauge 143 downstream, no matter be before propane access point or afterwards.The present invention's another novel features relevant with intrusion pipe 170 is to comprise accumulator mechanism 184 wherein, this accumulator mechanism 184 comprises the unsealing line of return 168, in the exemplary embodiment, this line of return 168 takes back case elevator pump 132 and circulation loop with three-port structure and sends fuel 133 between motor elevator pump that pump 134 or factory install to be further processed.Similarly, another novel features of the present invention is the second accumulator mechanism 284 in fact between the first and second circulation loops 150,250, thus in mode known substantially just to the pressure surge in the second circulation loop 250.Herein, particularly, with the fuel line 252 of three-port structure access fuel line 197 by the upside of the fuel mixture feed-in accumulator of about 400psi (fluctuation wherein by piston 285 as spring 286 upwards offsettingly absorb), any seepage flow simultaneously through piston 285 flows out the second accumulator mechanism 284 by the fuel line 168 accessed with three-port structure in the fuel line 151 of the first circulation loop 150.Therefore, will recognize that the pressure difference (being approximately more than 400psi and below 60psi) of the second accumulator mechanism 284 both sides makes accumulator perform as designed, still catch and recycle any fuel that piston 285 operationally permeates simultaneously.Finally, the mode of execution of Fig. 7 also comprises bypass fuel line 165, it starts from circulation loop with three-port structure and sends fuel line 135 between pump 134 and flow transducer 143, and be directly connected to fuel line 196, fuel passes through this fuel line 196 via in the second recycle pump 195 feed-in fuel channel 190, walk around flowmeter 143 and fuel additive source 140 and whole first circulation loop 150 thus, if and make other positions of fuel enhancement system 120 go wrong thus, can directly provide pure diesel oil to the fuel channel 190 of motor.Controlling diesel oil is online pressure switch or safety check 166 by the operability flow velocity of bypass fuel line 165, it is only reduced at the pressure in valve 166 downstream side (by delivery of fuel to the pressure in the fuel line 196 of fuel channel 190) and sends bypass fuel linear pressure that pump 134 specifies (at this by circulation loop, be approximately 50-60psi, represent motor do not obtain enough fuel for some reason) under time just open.Those skilled in the art will recognize that, by this way, the fuel enhancement system 120 that homogenizes of the present invention has the automatic anti-fault pattern of operation, wherein, if in circulation loop 150 there is any downstream fault or other problems in any assembly, system 120 will be got back to simply and only be run with diesel fuel, thus continuation runs by motor or vehicle without interruption.
Briefly with reference to figure 8, show another alternate embodiments of fuel enhancement system 120, wherein, in direct injection situation, use control that is mechanical instead of electronics, all the other are similar to Fig. 7.Herein, as the above description of composition graphs 2 in common rail system situation, in the exemplary embodiment, metering pump 136 mechanically measures diesel oil and propane fuel.As the slight change of the system to Fig. 2, metering pump 136 shown in Fig. 8 not only measures but mixes two kinds of propellant compositions within it, thus wall scroll fuel line 141 from metering pump 136 out and this fuel mixture is delivered to the fuel line 151 of the first circulation loop 150.In this embodiment, on the line relevant to liquid fuel constituents, comprise suitable pressure switch or analog mechanically to control above-mentioned metering and mixed process metering pump 136 accessible site.
With reference now to Fig. 9 and Figure 10, show the schematic diagram of the another illustrative embodiments of the fuel enhancement system 120 according to each side of the present invention, wherein, multiple vaporized fuel component is introduced into and is filled in diesel fuel, instead of the only a kind of component in preceding exemplary mode of execution, i.e. hydrogen.First, in the mode of execution of Fig. 9, again relate to the electronic control of metering process, again illustrate diesel fuel tanks 130, from the diesel fuel of this diesel fuel tanks 130 with the pressure of about 50-60psi by elevator pump 132 with send pump 134 and be provided to flow transducer 143.In response to the flow of diesel fuel, optionally control respectively from first, second, and third case 140,240 and 340 to the release of the gaseous fuel composition of common fuel line 141 with the micro-processor control device 145 of the electronic communication respectively of first, second, and third flow control valve 144,244 and 344 in flow transducer 143 and alternate embodiments herein.Therefore, often kind of vaporized fuel component of appropriate amount mixes under the control of micro-processor control device 145 based on the diesel oil data on flows received from flow transducer 143 with liquid diesel fuel.Therefore, to again recognize, fuel enhancement system 120 of the present invention can pro rata and controllably one or multiple liquid fuel component are mixed mutually with one or more vaporized fuel components, thus the combination in any of these fuel can be mixed and be maintained the mixture utilizing each side of the present invention of homogeneous substantially.In the illustrative embodiments of Fig. 9, propane, hydrogen and air are supplied to diesel fuel to form liquid-vapor fuel mixture by three casees 140,240 and 340.To recognize, for example, these casees can be substituted by electrolysis unit (not shown) and generate hydrogen with vehicle-mounted arbitrarily, or be the filtration entrance that environment is opened in case of air simply, to suck surrounding atmosphere, again, it is controlled respectively by flow control valve 244,344.Therefore, although there is shown three casees 140,240 and 340 in the signal of Fig. 9, to recognize and the present invention is not limited thereto, on the contrary, the present invention can comprise other vaporized fuel components that are known or exploitation in the future various and store and/or generation equipment, and these equipment can be any amount, and do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Briefly with reference to Figure 10, show the another alternate embodiments of fuel enhancement system 120 of the present invention, wherein, employ mechanical metering pump utilizing in from the metering of the gaseous propane of case 140,240 and 340, oxygen and air and mixes liquid diesel oil propane 130, instead of electronic control system.Fuel mix to form the type of liquid-vapor fuel mixture, the concrete configuration of the ratio of mixing and pressure and one or more circulation loop and intrusion pipe can be different, and do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Therefore, those skilled in the art will recognize that and can use All aspects of of the present invention under the various configurations exceeding the illustrative embodiments illustrating and describe and situation, thus fuel enhancement system of the present invention should be understood to any embodiment of being not limited to describe and illustrate herein.
Below with reference to Figure 11 and 12, by showing All aspects of of the present invention further, show another exemplary fuel enhancement system that homogenizes, it uses with shown in Fig. 1-10 and the two or more dissimilar intrusion pipe of intrusion pipe that describes, and uses nitrogen as vaporized fuel component (no matter being from pressurized tank or vehicle-mounted generation equipment).As introduction problem, should be understood that, use the intrusion pipe of varying number and configuration and can't help to use the nitrogen that can be used as vaporized fuel to decide, vice versa.And the system being attached to Figure 11 and 12 in the change of this two place in first example system of Fig. 1-10 is only the object for showing these directions.Again, example system comprises nitrogenous source (such as case or vehicle-mounted generation equipment), so that will the nitrogen that will mix with diesel fuel be provided before directly spraying, it produces the diesel oil-nitrogen fuel mixture homogenized substantially by the remaining part of system, this mixture is injected in a usual manner subsequently, and nitrogen has spraying effect to the diesel oil in firing chamber and improves combustion efficiency thus.As previously mentioned, additional assemblies can be combined with any such multiple fuel system to realize additional or miscellaneous function convertibly, additional assemblies is such as: one or more liquid or gaseous fuel supply bin, for the flow control system (machinery or electronics) that is metered in fact the vaporized fuel of liquid fuel and the line of return (wherein vaporized fuel additive can be discharged or give vent to anger, and its detailed content is hereafter describing) configured to " open loop " of liquid fuel case.
In the illustrative embodiments of Figure 11, show whole fuel system 420, it comprises diesel fuel tanks 430 substantially, diesel fuel tanks 430 has the equal feed-in elevator pump 432 of circulation loop that represents of label 450 and pressurization nitrogenous hood 440 substantially, fuel system 420 also comprises a pair intrusion pipe 470, herein, circulation loop 450 is communicated with sparger 491 fluid with the ejecting system common rail 490 of motor by fuel filter 499.In more detail, diesel fuel tanks 430 utilizes elevator pump 432 to be supplied by fuel line 431 by diesel fuel with the pressure of about 5psi, the equipment that these equipment Dou Shi factory installs, it can be contained in (for simplicity) separate configurations like that in case 430 or as shown in figure 11 certainly.Diesel fuel leads to a series of circulation loop via fuel line 433 subsequently to be sent in pump 434, and in the exemplary embodiment, this circulation loop is sent pump 434 and diesel fuel is risen to about 60-100psi.To recognize, depend on application and engine parameter, pressure range can significantly change, thus described pressure and whole pressure should be understood to it is only exemplary.Although show two in the exemplary embodiment to send pump 434, also can use one or three or more pumps, and not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, as recognized by the alternative exemplary mode of execution by Figure 12 described below.To recognize, it can be the fluid pump developed known or future arbitrarily that one or more circulation loop sends pump 434, it is arranged to suitable pressure and power consumption, and be applicable to diesel oil and other this light oil fuels, fluid pump includes but not limited to: the turbo type that the Robert Bosch Co., Ltd being located at Michigan state Farmington Hills manufactures, gear, blade, or roller vane pump, or as California state Vista US Airflow manufacture perhaps can be configured to the positive-displacement pump being suitable for liquid-vapor fuel mixture.In an alternative embodiment, one or more pump of sending like this can be multistage, or can in groups or tandem arrangement with realize need pump amount and supercharging.The system that is used in is any or all these send pump and other recycle pumps, high pressure positive displacement pump or similar pump can utilize any device that is known or exploitation in the future suitably drive and control, and includes but not limited to pulse-width modulator (not shown).Get back to fuel enhancement system 420, in this illustrative embodiments, between diesel fuel tanks 430 and circulation loop 450, provide online flow transducer 443, it can be positioned at one or more upstream or downstream of sending pump 434, is illustrated as the upstream of the pump 434 being positioned at fuel line 433 herein.Circulation loop is sent the fuel line 451 that pump 434 is connected to circulation loop 450 by another fuel line 435.In addition, nitrogen is supplied to flow control valve 444 by fuel line 437 by exemplary nitrogenous hood 440, and subsequently by fuel line 438 be supplied to carry as flow transducer 443 the fuel line 441 of diesel fuel that measures.Preferably, nitrogenous hood 440 is conditioned the pressure minimum of at least approximately 10psi larger than the pressure in the fuel line 441 of nitrogen feed-in, in illustrative embodiments or, it is approximately 60-100psi.Flow control valve 444 is controlled by micro-processor control device 445 or similar device, control gear 445 can be the equipment developed known or future arbitrarily, for electronic control valve or other this flow-control equipments, and according to the data action received from various input, the flow transducer 443, throttle position switch or other monitoring equipments worked in a manner known in the art that include but not limited to illustrative embodiments can be inputted.Therefore, those skilled in the art will recognize again, as from Fig. 1,2 and 7-10 and apparent, although describe and show exemplary electronic measure control in conjunction with the exemplary multiple fuel system 420 of Figure 11, but the present invention is not limited to this, otherwise, these assemblies any of various combination and configuration can be comprised, and do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.In the exemplary embodiment, assuming that mixed pressure is nominal 100psi, the fuel in fuel mixture mix time by volume ratio be the diesel oil being greater than 90 (90%) percent, be less than the nitrogen of 10 (10%).Those skilled in the art will recognize that, although two kinds of concrete propellant compositions are described to comprise fuel mixture (i.e. liquid diesel fuel and gaseous nitrogen) and in concrete proportion, but the present invention is not limited to this, and with various combination and the ratio using other fuel various together with the fuel enhancement system that homogenizes of each side of the present invention, and the spirit and scope of the present invention can not departed from herein.
Continue with reference to Figure 11, particularly, exemplary diesel-nitrogen mixture arrives circulation loop 450 by fuel line 435, and wherein, fuel line 435 enters fuel line 451 with three-port structure, and extra fuel returns for again circulating from jet pump 495 by fuel line 451.Fuel mixture is two in the exemplary embodiment by a series of intrusion pipe 470(subsequently), its structure and advantage are both explained in the earlier application be incorporated herein by reference, and the intrusion pipe group used in the alternate embodiments also in conjunction with Figure 12 of following description is explained.In a word, in one or more intrusion pipe 470 (each intrusion pipe 470 is specifically configured in the expansion of circulation loop 450 inner volume), along with vaporized fuel component as at least in part by the final hydrodynamic effect in the geometry of intrusion pipe 470 and fuel mixture cause be effectively poured in liquid fuel component or in whole liquid fuel component and disperseed, liquid-vapor fuel mixture slows down and becomes and homogenizes substantially.Therefore, intrusion pipe 470 also has cooling effect to fuel, also by fin (not shown) is placed in each pipe outer wall or even independently by being combined in the heat exchanger (not shown) of other positions of system to strengthen cooling effect.From intrusion pipe 470 out homogenize substantially and relatively cold fuel mixture arrives fuel filter 499 by fuel line 453 subsequently.Subsequently, fuel mixture passes through only have outlet fuel line 492 to arrive recycle pump 493 from fuel filter 499, fuel mixture was promoted to the nominal pressure of about 150psi by this recycle pump 493 before it to arrive the jet pump 495 of motor by fuel line 494, in exemplary co-rail diesel engine configuration, fuel mixture is promoted to the working pressure of about 25000psi by jet pump 495.Again, it should be understood that these all pressure are only exemplary and do not limit the present invention in any way.Fuel mixture needed for motor is delivered to common rail 490 by from jet pump 495 along fuel under high pressure line 496, and the fuel of extra fuel or the current demand that exceeds motor is circulated along the fuel line 451 be communicated with jet pump 495 fluid equally again by circulation loop, thus, gone back by intrusion pipe 470 circulation as above, extra fuel mixture enters circulation loop 450 by demand and before intrusion pipe 470, adds the fuel of recirculation simultaneously.One of skill in the art will appreciate that recycle pump 493 and jet pump 495 can be any known or in the future exploitation for sending the pump type with pressurized fuel mixture.Again, the operation of fuel enhancement system 470 of the present invention and above and hereafter one or more in greater detail intrusion pipe 470 is used for effectively by the mixing of vaporized fuel component be filled in liquid fuel component, thus final circulation, substantially homogeneous mixture by system remaining part and send and be effectively considered as liquid with jet pump, again recognize relevant operation and the advantage of circulation loop in yet an alternative embodiment simultaneously.Finally, the illustrative embodiments of Figure 11 also comprises bypass fuel line 465, it starts from the fuel line 433 between elevator pump 432 and flowmeter 443 with three-port structure, and be directly connected to filter 499, walk around flowmeter 443 thus, one or morely send pump 434, fuel additive source 440 and whole circulation loop 50, and provide thus " automatic anti-fault ".Also will recognize, although illustrate and describe concrete layout and its connectivity by multiple fuel line segment of fuel system components relative to the illustrative embodiments of Figure 11, the present invention is not limited to this.In addition, these assemblies with provide it to be connected and the means of mutual operability can take various configuration, and do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Again, due to the schematic diagram that Figure 11 is a kind of fuel system mode of execution according to each side of the present invention, strictly do not follow relative size and the shape of various assembly, and be construed as the example of the principle and character being only the fuel system that homogenizes of the present invention.Therefore, to rise in fact with the replacement of the various replacement assemblies of the same function illustrated and describe be possible in the present invention and obviously fall into its scope.
With reference now to Figure 12, show the schematic diagram of another illustrative embodiments of the multiple fuel system 520 according to each side of the present invention, this multiple fuel system is used for using together with " common rail " diesel engine.In the illustrated embodiment, ejecting system comprises solenoid or old-fashioned HEUI(hydraulic electronic unit injectors) type sparger 591 or any other sparger for pressure (especially back-pressure) rdativery sensitive, thus the line of return 597 is illustrated as leading back to case 530 with external pressure, its detailed content is hereafter describing.As introduction problem, although it should be noted that this Alternative exemplary mode of execution of the fuel enhancement system that homogenizes is illustrated when this " open loop " fuel line configures, but the present invention is not limited to this, the present invention can use together with subordinate fuel line with various motor, sparger, and do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, such as, nominal " closed loop " system in the mode of execution of Fig. 1-11.Also should again notice, although multiple engine pack is illustrated as a part for whole accompanying drawing substantially, such as common rail 590, fuel filter 599, main diesel fuel tanks 530 and elevator pump 532 and associated fuel line and like, these all assemblies or its any modification or substitute all can use together with the present invention (no matter install in factory or buy at after-market), and do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Therefore, although these assemblies are illustrated as a part for whole fuel system in different figures, but it should be understood that, the present invention is not limited thereto significantly, and do not have claim to relate to these standard packages of motor, these standard packages are in this article only simply as the background of the fuel enhancement system that homogenizes of the present invention.In addition, again, although illustrate and describe illustrative embodiments particularly in conjunction with diesel engine, also can use the modification of other motors that are known or following exploitation now, include but not limited to gasoline direct injection engine.
Pass through general view, in the Alternative exemplary mode of execution of Figure 12, show whole fuel system 520, it comprises diesel fuel tanks 530 substantially, diesel fuel tanks 530 has elevator pump 532 and the nitrogenous hood 540 of a series of intrusion pipes that equal feed-in is represented by label 570 substantially, and these intrusion pipes are communicated with sparger 591 fluid with the ejecting system common rail 590 of motor subsequently.In more detail, diesel fuel tanks 530 utilizes elevator pump 532 to be supplied by fuel line 531 by diesel fuel with the pressure of about 5psi, the equipment that these equipment Dou Shi factory installs, it can be contained in (for simplicity) separate configurations like that in case 530 or as shown in figure 12 certainly.Supply for other liquid fuels, extra case can be connected in series or in parallel with downstream fuel line 535, and fuel line 535 can be automatic or manual as required.Subsequently, diesel fuel also arrives flowmeter 543 by fuel line 537 via fuel line 535 subsequently by fuel filter 599, and its detailed content is hereafter describing.Diesel fuel sends pump 539 from flowmeter 543 by the arrival of another fuel line 538, in the exemplary embodiment, sends pump 539 and diesel fuel is risen to about 60-100psi.To again recognize, it can be any known or develop in the future and be arranged to suitable pressure and power consumption and be applicable to the fluid pump of diesel oil and other this kind of light oil fuels for sending pump 539.In an alternative embodiment, as shown in Figure 11, multiple pump of sending can be used to realize treating capacity and the supercharging of needs in the mode of group or series.Get back to fuel enhancement system 520, in this Alternative exemplary mode of execution, again between diesel fuel tanks 530 and intrusion pipe 570, provide online flow transducer 543, this flow transducer 543 is electrically connected to control gear 545 also correspondingly regulates nitrogen release with the flow of monitoring diesel fuel.Particularly, nitrogen is supplied to flow control valve 544 by fuel line 541 by nitrogenous hood 540, and incandescent lamp is supplied to by sending in the diesel fuel sent like that pump 539 monitors by flow transducer 543 by fuel line 546 by flow control valve 544 subsequently.Again, flow control valve 544 in nitrogen supply line is controlled by micro-processor control device 545 or similar device, control gear 545 can be the equipment developed known or future arbitrarily, for electronic control valve or other this flow-control equipments, and can according to the data action received from various input, input includes but not limited to the flow transducer 543 of illustrative embodiments.Again, although the exemplary multiple fuel system 520 recognized in conjunction with Figure 12 is described and show exemplary electronic measure control, the present invention is not limited to this, otherwise, these assemblies any of various combination and configuration can be comprised, and do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.At vaporized fuel supply respect, preferably, nitrogenous hood 540 is adjusted to than the pressure minimum of the pressure in the fuel line 543 of nitrogen feed-in at least larger about 10-20psi, and again, it is approximately as one or more 60-100psi sending pump 539 and limit.Also consider, substituting or except nitrogenous hood, vehicle-mounted nitrogen can be provided to generate equipment as nitrogenous hood, it uses any science and technology that is known or that develop in the future or technology, includes but not limited to film, VSA and PSA/ zeolite technology.Such maker can by direct for nitrogen feed-in fuel enhancement system 520, and using as substituting case 540, or connect with case 540 in upstream, thus add nitrogen for case 540, subsequently, nitrogen will be supplied to as described above by this case 540.Therefore, one aspect of the present invention can be summarized as vehicle-mounted generation nitrogen effect fuel additive, and it directly will spray in advance with liquid fuel and mix mutually, thus forms multiple fuel system.To recognize, according to circumstances, vehicle-mounted nitrogen generates and also can use together with the mode of execution of Figure 11 or other multiple fuel systems (such as above the mode of execution that describes of composition graphs 1-10), other illustrative embodiments be incorporated to by reference herein shown in first patent application and description.
Continue with reference to Figure 12, exemplary diesel-nitrogen fuel mixture arrives intrusion pipe 570 by fuel line 547.Herein, show the intrusion pipe 570 of four series connection, but again illustrate, the intrusion pipe of any amount and size can be used, and do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.In one or more intrusion pipe 570 (intrusion pipe 570 is all in fuel line or the expansion of fuel delivery system inner volume), along with vaporized fuel component as at least in part by the final hydrodynamic effect in the geometry of intrusion pipe 570 and fuel mixture cause to be effectively poured in liquid fuel component or dispersed in whole liquid fuel component, liquid-vapor fuel mixture becomes and homogenizes substantially.Arrived the jet pump 595 of motor subsequently by fuel line 554 from intrusion pipe 570 fuel mixture homogenized substantially out, in exemplary co-rail diesel engine configuration, fuel mixture is promoted to the working pressure of about 25,000psi by jet pump 595.Fuel mixture needed for motor is delivered to common rail 590 by from jet pump 595 along fuel line 596, and extra fuel or exceed motor current demand fuel along be communicated with jet pump 595 fluid equally and comprise recycle pump 552(recycle pump 552 and be connected with initial liquid-vapor fuel mixture supply line 547 via fuel line 553) fuel line 551 again circulate, thus gone back by intrusion pipe 570 circulation as above, form the circulation loop 550 in present embodiment thus.Then, notice that the operation of fuel enhancement system 570 of the present invention and above-described intrusion pipe 570 is for effectively by the mixing of vaporized fuel component be filled in liquid fuel component, thus final circulation, substantially homogeneous mixture by system remaining part and send and be effectively considered as liquid with jet pump.As the standard in many co-rail diesel engines and other this motors, the untapped or unencapsulated fuel from common rail 590 and individual injectors 591 is that a part for reponse system is to catch and to re-use this unsealing fuel again.In exemplary " open loop " system shown in Figure 12, the fuel that do not use from common rail 590 self is fed back to jet pump 595 along spilling Port fuel line 598, and directly turns back to case 530 to be used as him from the unburned fuel of actual injector 591 along spilling Port fuel line 597.This configuration is necessary in one case, namely when ejecting system employs sparger (such as in some old-fashioned common rail) of back-pressure sensitivity.Therefore, by spilling Port fuel line 597 is turned back to case with external pressure substantially, sparger 591 does not affect adversely.As additional benefit, by use extensively make and the gas (such as nitrogen) of inertia relatively cheap thus as the vaporized fuel additive of the multiple fuel system according to each side of the present invention, to recognize, as compared to being used alone air or other being promoted the gas that burns uses together with the liquid fuel steam occupying dead band in case, enter case 530 and the nitrogen in space thus at least in part on filling liquid fuel is actually vehicle provides explosion-proof safety effectiveness.Because nitrogen easily obtains and relatively cheap with vehicle-mounted generation, achieve its additional function as the inert agents in case 530 using relatively low cost.
To recognize further, although illustrate and describe concrete layout and its connectivity by multiple fuel line segment of fuel system components relative to the illustrative embodiments of Figure 12, the present invention is not limited to this.In addition, these assemblies with provide it to be connected and the means of mutual operability can take various configuration, and do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Particularly, although not shown in Figure 12, will recognize, this alternative arrangements also can comprise automatic anti-fault by-pass line with permission system when needed " only by diesel oil " run, with Fig. 1,2 and 7-11 shown in very similar.Again, due to the schematic diagram that Figure 12 is a kind of fuel system mode of execution according to each side of the present invention, strictly do not follow relative size and the shape of various assembly, and be construed as the example of the principle and character being only the fuel system that homogenizes of the present invention.Therefore, to rise in fact with the replacement of the various replacement assemblies of the same function illustrated and describe be possible in the present invention and obviously fall into its scope.
About the intrusion pipe 470,570 shown in Figure 11 and 12, with reference now to Figure 13, can see and show each this intrusion pipe (for simplicity, represented by label 470 substantially) be the configuration of straight through-flow, not there is the lower pipe 76 in first illustrative embodiments or the accumulator 84 of the intrusion pipe 70 as shown in Fig. 3-6 particularly.Namely, as in the schematic diagram from Figure 11 and 12 and with reference to Figure 13 cross sectional representation in institute apparent, fuel mixture fluid path makes in fact fuel pass through the first passage 473 be formed in the first connector 475 and the first end wall 472 to enter from one end of intrusion pipe 470, pass downwardly through pipe 470 and flowed out by the second channel 474 be formed in the second end wall 480 and the second connector 476.In order to form complete intrusion pipe 470, in the exemplary embodiment, each end wall 472,480 utilizes interference fit and O shape ring sealing 483 to be fixed on tube wall 471 inside with mechanical retaining ring 479 again.To recognize, any other functionally equivalent structure that is known or exploitation in the future can be used as alternative, and does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Relatively, the assembly of intrusion pipe 470 can be made up, although consider now that it can be mainly made of aluminum of any suitable material that is known or exploitation in the future.In the illustrative embodiments of the intrusion pipe 470 shown in Figure 11-13, define perfusion volume 488 based on the inner length of tube wall 471 and inside diameter in fact; That is, volume is limited by tube wall 471 and first and second end wall 472,480.For displaying, each intrusion pipe 470 can have the nominal inside diameter of the nominal outside diameter of two inches (2 ") and one and 7/8ths inch (1-7/8 ") and be approximately the total length of 42 inches (42 "), or total length is approximately the twice of the length of the exemplary intrusion pipe 70 in Fig. 1-10.In addition, owing to there is no accumulator 84(Fig. 3), the more multizone in intrusion pipe 470 is the volume expansion for fuel mixture; Assuming that each end wall 472,480 is one inch, (1 ") is thick, and each total perfusion volume 488 substituted in tubular intrusion pipe 470 is 111 cubic inches of (111in 3) (volume=length x area=40in.x (Π x (.94in.) 2)).Therefore, notice, the perfusion volume 488 of the alternative intrusion pipe 470 of Figure 13 close to Fig. 3-6 exemplary intrusion pipe 70(its always perfusion volume be approximately 32 cubic inches of (32in 3)) four times.In addition, the length radius ratio of the first exemplary intrusion pipe 70 is about 5:1, and the length radius ratio substituting intrusion pipe 470 is approximately 20:1.Assuming that nominal I.D. be 1/2nd inches (1/2 ") or the larger entrance and exit size by the first and second respective fluid passages 473,474; particularly, leave fuel mixture that entrance or first fluid path 473 enter intrusion pipe 470 and perfusion volume 488 and expand into from about 1/2nd inches (1/2 ") fuel lines the intrusion pipe 470 that I.D. is approximately two inches (2 ") through expansion.This expansion and length subsequently (by outlet or second fluid path 471 out before, fuel mixture flows through perfusion volume 488 along this length) there is the effect significantly slowed down with fuel combination mixture, above as composition graphs 6 is explained.Only herein, in the illustrative embodiments of Figure 13, fuel continues its path, by intrusion pipe 470 and from opposite end discharge, instead of turn direction with upwards and go out from top by outer pipe 76(Fig. 3-6).To recognize, due to this straight tubular setting, therefore no longer similarly emphasize to have entrance on outlet and Relative vertical is arranged towards ground to realize eddy current effect, just as above, composition graphs 6 describes the bubble and part attempting rising against the fuel flowed downward strengthen by gravity; And due to this straight tubular intrusion pipe 470, design more depends on flow velocity instead of more depends on towards, operation that thus can be identical substantially, and be no matter level or vertical.Also will recognize, when connecting use multiple intrusion pipe 470,570, (two intrusion pipe systems 420 of Figure 11 amount to and add about 222 cubic inches of (222in total perfusion volume of not only corresponding increase 3), the four intrusion pipe systems 520 of Figure 12 amount to and add about 444 cubic inches of (444in 3)), and the subsequent expansion of fuel mixture also contributes to the effect that homogenizes with shrinking.Those skilled in the art will recognize again, fuel enhancement system 420,520 of the present invention and intrusion pipe 470,570 related aspect and principle are limited in the concrete exemplary geometric that illustrates and describe and in constructing particularly never in any form, as also should from the discussion of composition graphs 1-10 with hereafter the same about what again recognize Figure 14-17 and other the substituting mode of executions shown in 20-21.More generally, to recognize, the volume expansion that two or more intrusion pipes 470,570 of Figure 11 and 12 provide and consequent eddy current and melange effect make it possible to fully or substantially homogenize ground mixes liquid and gaseous state fuel element, and do not have at elevated pressures or force vaporized fuel component to become cost and the complexity of the operation of liquid condition; And, by mixing fully in liquid fuel and pouring into vaporized fuel, final multi fuel mixture is considered as liquid state by the remaining part of system (especially ejecting system), even if vaporized fuel component still remains on this state, at least until it is introduced into jet pump.And, when gas (as the nitrogen) of inertia (prior art does not instruct in fact it as ignitable fuel additive), because the gas of dispersion affects fuel from the inside to the outside, still this spraying effect is achieved, even if vaporized fuel self (being nitrogen) does not have fuel value in fact herein.But vaporized fuel (even such as nitrogen) has in liquid fuel and as potential energy spring, it discharges based on spraying and being separated with the machinery of liquid fuel.Exceed this physics spraying effect, a kind of fuel element also can play a role to other chemistry of another kind of fuel element or catalytic effect in visible performance boost.Final result from fuel mixture, is extracted more energy during each combustion incident, makes motor run thus more efficient, and gain is even higher to a hundred per cent (30-100%) about 30 percent.
With reference now to another illustrative embodiments of Figure 14, show the integrated fuel be arranged in direct-injection engine environment and strengthen system 620, it comprises diesel fuel tanks 630 substantially, diesel fuel tanks 630 has elevator pump 632 and the pressurized hydrogen case 640 of the first circulation loop that all final feed-in is represented by label 650 substantially, and comprise at least one as Figure 13 substantially shown in straight tubular intrusion pipe 670, circulation loop 650 is communicated with the second common rail circulation loop fluid represented by label 680 substantially, herein, circulation loop 650 is communicated with ejecting system head 690 fluid of motor with jet pump 695 eventually through inlet pressure regulator 699.In more detail, diesel fuel tanks 630 passes through elevator pump 632 with the pressure feed diesel fuel of about 5-10psi.Subsequently, diesel oil is by optional digital diesel stream gauge 635, first its detailed content of Variable Area flowmeter 636(of arriving soon after will be described below), arrive soon after another optional second Variable Area flowmeter 637, then by optional filter and separator unit 638 and one or more recycle pump (being represented by label 634 substantially), in the exemplary embodiment, diesel fuel is risen to about 100psi by recycle pump 634.To again recognize that one or more circulation loop sends the fluid pump that pump 634 can be known or in the future exploitation arbitrarily, it is arranged to suitable pressure and power consumption, and is applicable to diesel oil and other this light oil fuels.In the alternate embodiments illustrated, four these pumps (have or do not have corresponding pressure regulator) that connect, in pairs can be used to first pressure be risen to 60psi from about 10psi, then rise to 100psi, it is all possible that the pump of any known or exploitation in the future like this and pump are arranged in fuel enhancement system 620 of the present invention.More generally, to realize, no matter that factory installs or can be according to circumstances different by these elements of other factory's erection unit defineds, namely, the type of the diesel oil that fuel enhancement system is operationally mounted thereto or other motors can be different, thus of the present invention being understood to is not limited thereto, the details of these elements is relevant with applicable cases and be only exemplary.Get back to fuel enhancement system 620, in the exemplary embodiment, fuel filter 639 and safety check is provided in recycle pump 634 downstream and the line in downstream that intersects with fuel line 651, fuel wire 651 is the return loops from jet pump 695 and sparger spilling port, and forms a part for the second common rail circulation loop 680.Hydrogen by from case 640 via the identical line 651 of line 641 feed-in, ON/OFF solenoid valve 644 and one or more safety check and hydrogen flowmeter 646 are installed in online 641.Therefore, under the independent control of the first Variable Area flowmeter 636 or with under the control of the data assemblies from independent hydrogen flowmeter 646, solenoid valve 644 open or close with by fuel line 641 to the fuel line 651 carrying diesel fuel pulse or supply hydrogen (supplying as by case 630) and other fuel any of returning from motor off and on.Again, preferably, hydrogen case 640 is adjusted to the pressure minimum of at least approximately 10psi larger than the pressure (being approximately 100psi herein) in the fuel line 641 of hydrogen feed-in and follow-up fuel 651, thus hydrogen is fed into the pressure of about 110-125psi.Electromagnetic flow control valve 644 is controlled by micro-processor control device 645 or similar device, its equipment such as one or more sensors 642 grade from the first Variable Area flowmeter 636 receives input, control gear 645 can be the equipment developed known or future arbitrarily, for electronic control valve or other this flow-control equipments, and can according to the data action received from various input, input includes but not limited to the first Variable Area flowmeter 636.By another example, in conjunction with PLC(programmable logic controller (PLC)) or similar device, timing circuit can be used to control actual "ON" time or Pulse length, even except PLC, one group of timer can also be used, a timer arranges " opening " time (such as 2 seconds) of valve 644, and second timer arranges and postpone to stop first timer and prevent supersaturation thus; Such as, do not consider diesel oil flow (diesel oil of engine demand), every air release being no more than 2 seconds for 20 seconds, under the nominal system pressure of about 100-150psi, this 2:20 ratio (opening time is than the shut-in time) will become example gases pulsing unit.By another example, in some cases, preferably gas feed-in can be arranged to less, that frequency is higher explosion; The such as explosion of every ten seconds a second or the explosion of every five and half seconds.In addition, in other embodiments, based on the data from digital diesel stream gauge 635, Variable Area flowmeter 636 or similar devices, gas feed-in scheme can be moved up or down scale by controller 645, or even change scale according to diesel oil flow, thus the gas pulses more grown and/or frequency is higher is allowed based on engine demand (that is, the speed of fuel consumption).To recognize, this benefit is liquid-vapor fuel monitoring and the metering system of relatively good debugging, and it helps to promote fuel efficiency and other aspects of the present invention.Particularly, by appropriate, the ratio of vaporized fuel component relative to liquid fuel component is set, as frequency and endurance equally by gas feed-in pulse, downstream pump can " digestion (digest) " gas passed on by pressurised mixt to carry out other process effectively, that is, homogenize in one or more circulation loop intrusion pipe 670.About the control hardware of the fuel enhancement system 620 shown in Figure 14, first Variable Area flowmeter 636 is equipped with one or more hall effect sensor 642, optical sensor, " reed witch " or similar device, with detect flowmeter 636 slightly narrow or buoy (piston, ball or analog) in stepped bore relative to the position of predetermined set point.These set-points are confirmed as relevant in response to the traffic level of engine demand with diesel fuel, and the gaseous state pulse controlled by solenoid valve 644 and processor 645 should be opened or closed ratio or concentration to balance hydrogen in diesel oil in any preset time on this set-point.Such as, along the sufficient length of flowmeter, 32 sensors or set-point can be had at most, its I/O(I/O normally on PCL) quantity of port.Notice, in above-mentioned use narrow or stepped shaft " buoy " type Variable Area flowmeter 636 provides higher resolution, and piston buoy is preferably on ball, thus there is the friction surface region that enough fluids can be applied to it, cylinder configuration be preferably flow response or flowmeter sensitivity provide quality and surface area together with digital flowmeter 635 or the second Variable Area flowmeter 637 of Alternative digital flowmeter 635 another liquid of confirming data on flows and/or effectively providing sight glass to pass through with visualization can be provided.If optional hydrogen flowmeter 646 is included in the fuel line 641 in the downstream of solenoid valve 644, another inspection of the amount of the hydrogen introduced in flow in fuel can be carried out, its data can be supplied to controller 645 also even as the safety override of the first Variable Area flowmeter 636, help thus to determine gas can by fuel enhancement system 620 rightly " digestion " before do not have too much gas be introduced into and be considered as liquid state by motor substantially in diesel fuel, thus avoid the vapour lock of pump cavitation, motor and other this kind of problems.Again, although illustrate and described the concrete configuration of flowmeter 636, flow control valve 644, controller 645 and other these optional or necessary assembly, the present invention is not limited thereto.Therefore, although those skilled in the art will recognize that the fuel enhancement system 620 in conjunction with Figure 14 illustrate and describes exemplary electronic measure control, the present invention is not limited to this, otherwise, these assemblies any of various combination and configuration can be comprised, and do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.In the exemplary embodiment, assuming that mixed pressure be fuel in nominal 125psi. fuel mixture when mixing by volume ratio be the diesel oil being greater than 90 (90%) percent, be less than the hydrogen of 10 (10%).Generally, to a certain extent, mixed pressure is higher, and gaseous component ratio and efficiency gain are also higher, thus can use higher system internal pressure when mixing or after mixing by recognizing, and does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Those skilled in the art also will recognize, although two kinds of concrete propellant compositions are described to comprise fuel mixture (i.e. liquid diesel fuel and gaseous nitrogen) and in concrete proportion, but the present invention is not limited to this, and with various combination and the ratio using other fuel various together with the fuel enhancement system that homogenizes of each side of the present invention, and the spirit and scope of the present invention can not departed from herein.
Continue with reference to Figure 14, exemplary diesel-hydrogen fuel mixture arrives the first high-pressure service pump 692 by fuel line 651, and the pressure of mixture starts to rise to about 400-500psi most by this first high-pressure service pump 692.Subsequently, fuel mixture is by fuel line 694, arrive the remaining part (as limited in the final demand for fuel by motor) of the second common rail circulation loop 680 subsequently via fuel line 681 and the second high-pressure service pump 693, or arrive intrusion pipe circulation loop 650 by fuel line 652 and recycle pump 653.First, for all liquid-vapor fuel mixtures also do not needed by motor, to recognize, this fuel enters the first circulation loop 650 by fuel line 652 and is circulated continuously by pump, direct fuel by demand, in this illustrative embodiments, first circulation loop 650 comprises at least one straight tubular intrusion pipe 670 and line of return 654, to again recognize according to each aspect of the present invention, and the intrusion pipe of any type and quantity can be used, and do not depart from the scope of the present invention.Also will recognize, in this alternate embodiments, first intrusion pipe circulation loop 650 maintains 400-500psi effectively by the first high-pressure service pump 692, and recycle pump 653 maintains the flow velocity of the fuel by loop 650 simply, circulation loop pressure relatively high thus further enhancing fuel mixture homogenieity, allow relatively few perfusion volume, although describe an intrusion pipe 670, even still more intrusion pipe can be used when the circulation loop pressure of 400-500psi.Once motor needs multi fuel mixture, then fuel mixture flows out the first circulation loop 650 or flows directly to the second common rail circulation loop 680, fuel passes through the second high-pressure service pump 693 by fuel line 681 subsequently, this second high-pressure service pump by the boost in pressure in common rail to about 4,000-10,000psi(is similar to common mode, even at low side).In fact, according to each aspect of the present invention, under the exemplary cases of directly spraying diesel engine, similar common rail 682 is attached in the second circulation loop 680, just as having, its own recycle pump 683 is the same, and for (again, being approximately 4 with the pressure of maintenance, 000-10,000psi) circulation liquid state-gaseous fuel mixture.Particularly, fuel flows out from fuel line 681, by common rail 682 under the cooperation of recycle pump 683, and enter another fuel line 684, the multi fuel mixture of the homogeneous substantially of relatively high pressure is delivered to inlet pressure regulator 699 according to the demand of motor by this fuel line 684 subsequently, unnecessary fuel flows along common rail circular route 685 simply and returns common rail 682, forms a part for common rail circulation loop 680 thus.And engine demand lead to eductor pump 695 then enter head 590 subsequently by the fuel that inlet pressure regulator 699 is sent as line 684, in regulator 699, eductor pump 695 and head 690, (namely the spilling port lines of each to access in other pin of the second common rail circulation loop 680 with three-port structure, fuel line 651), fuel line 651 starts the overall process of the fuel mixture remained in the second circulation loop 680 subsequently, to process or to enter the first intrusion pipe circulation loop 650 further, thus as described above by continuous recirculation.Again, those skilled in the art will recognize that, whether circulation loop and pump, high-pressure service pump, valve, connector, the configuration of line and the existence of quantity and heat-exchange apparatus, accumulator or by-pass line and other these modification are all possible in fuel enhancement system 620 of the present invention, and do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Particularly, recycle pump 653,683 and high-pressure service pump 692,693 can be any pump types that is known or that develop in the future, for sending and pressurized fuel mixture.Again illustrate, because Figure 14 is the schematic diagram of a kind of fuel enhancement system according to each side of the present invention, strictly do not follow relative size and the shape of various assembly, and be construed as the example of the principle and character being only the fuel system that homogenizes of the present invention.Therefore, to rise in fact with the replacement of the various replacement assemblies of the same function illustrated and describe be possible in the present invention and obviously fall into its scope.
With reference now to another schematically showing in Figure 15, substitute the fuel enhancement system 720 that homogenizes, under it is used in direct-injection engine situation again, just there is the setting of relatively low pressure.Fuel system 720 comprises diesel fuel tanks 730 substantially equally, this diesel fuel tanks 730 has elevator pump 732 and the pressurized hydrogen case 740 of feed-in circulation loop (being represented by label 750 substantially) all in fact, and comprising at least two intrusion pipes 770, it is described in detail in conjunction with Figure 16 hereinafter.Circulation loop 750 is also communicated with engine injector system (herein show actual injector 791) fluid by jet pump 795.In the exemplary embodiment, diesel fuel tanks 730 is by elevator pump 732 with the pressure feed diesel fuel of about 5-10psi, and this is between case 730 and elevator pump 732 and has the first fuel filter 731.Subsequently, diesel oil is by optional digital diesel stream gauge 735, first its detailed content of Variable Area flowmeter 736(of arriving soon after describes in conjunction with Figure 14 hereinbefore), arrive soon after another optional second Variable Area flowmeter 737, then by the second fuel filter 739 and one or more recycle pump (being represented by label 734 substantially), in the exemplary embodiment, diesel fuel is risen to about 100psi by this recycle pump.To again recognize that one or more circulation loop sends the fluid pump that pump 734 can be known or in the future exploitation arbitrarily, it is arranged to suitable pressure and power consumption, and is applicable to diesel oil and other this light oil fuels.In the alternate embodiments illustrated, two series connection, pressure can be used to rise to 100psi from about 10psi with relative pressure regulator these pumps in groups, it is all possible that any like this known or the pump developed in the future and pump are arranged in fuel enhancement system 720 of the present invention.More generally, to realize, no matter that factory installs or can be according to circumstances different by these elements of other factory's erection unit defineds, namely, the type of the diesel oil that fuel enhancement system is operationally mounted thereto or other motors can be different, thus of the present invention being understood to is not limited thereto, the details of these elements is relevant with applicable cases and be only exemplary.Get back to fuel enhancement system 720, in the exemplary embodiment, second fuel filter is positioned at the downstream of recycle pump 734 online, these recycle pumps are positioned at the downstream intersected with fuel line 751, fuel line is the return loop from jet pump 795 and sparger spilling port, and forms a part for circulation loop 750.Hydrogen by from the identical line 751 of case 740 via the first group downstream of line 741 feed-in recycle pump 734, alternatively, is provided with ON/OFF solenoid valve 744 and optional one or more safety check and hydrogen flowmeter (not shown) in online 741.Therefore, the first Variable Area flowmeter 736 with is hereafter describing in conjunction with Figure 18 and 19 from independent opaque its detailed content of flowmeter 746() data control under, flow control valve 744 open or close with by fuel line 741 to the fuel line 751 carrying diesel fuel pulse or other fuel any of supplying hydrogen (supplying as by case 730) and returning from motor off and on.Again, preferably, hydrogen case 740 is adjusted to the pressure minimum of at least approximately 10psi larger than the pressure (herein based on the configuration of pump 734, being approximately 100psi equally) in the fuel line 741 of hydrogen feed-in and follow-up fuel 751, thus hydrogen is fed into the pressure of about 110-125psi.Electromagnetic flow control valve 744 is controlled by micro-processor control device 745 or similar device, and its equipment such as one or more sensors 742 grade from the first Variable Area flowmeter 736 as above receives input.Again, although illustrate and described the concrete configuration of flowmeter 736, flow control valve 744, controller 745 and other these optional or necessary assembly, the present invention is not limited thereto.Again illustrate, the fuel in fuel mixture mix time by volume ratio be the diesel oil being greater than 90 (90%) percent, be less than the hydrogen of 10 (10%), assuming that mixed pressure is nominal 125psi.Generally, to a certain extent, mixed pressure is higher, gaseous component ratio and efficiency gain are also higher, thus higher system internal pressure can be used when mixing or after mixing by recognizing, and do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, as the discussion from other illustrative embodiments and this paper recognized, utilize relatively low pressure to realize homogenizing of expectation preferably by other working principles in application each side of the present invention as described herein.
Continue with reference to Figure 15, and further with reference to Figure 16, Figure 16 shows the schematic cross-sectional view of the alternative intrusion pipe 770 used in the illustrative embodiments of fuel enhancement system 720, diesel oil-hydrogen fuel mixture arrives the first elevator pump 792(by fuel line 751, and the pressure of mixture starts to rise to about 200-205psi most by it), fuel is risen to about 400-500psi by it then to arrive the second elevator pump 793().Subsequently, fuel mixture utilizes fuel line 752 and recycle pump 753 to arrive intrusion pipe circulation loop 750 via fuel line 794.To recognize, also circulated by pump 753 continuously along with fuel enters circulation loop 750 by fuel line 752, these fuel of direct requirement, in the exemplary embodiment, circulation loop 750 comprises at least two adverse current intrusion pipes 770 and line of return 754(, and it has the 3rd other filter 755), will again recognize, according to each aspect of the present invention, intrusion pipe and the associated pump of any type and quantity can be used, and do not depart from the scope of the present invention.In more detail, with reference to Figure 16, show single adverse current intrusion pipe 770 according to other aspects of the invention, wherein, in fact inlet duct 776 is configured to long-channel or lower pipe now, instead of the outer pipe 76 in Fig. 3-6.Namely, in the alternate embodiments of the intrusion pipe 770 of Figure 16, fuel mixture is entered by the entrance limited by the first passage 773 be formed on top or the first end wall 772, under relatively long entrance, pipe 776 is inserted in first passage 773, fuel leave subsequently slightly near bottom second end wall 780 inlet duct 776 and rise to leave by being formed in second channel 774 in the first end wall 772 in intrusion pipe 770, and arrive other parts of another intrusion pipe 770 or system 720 thus.Those skilled in the art will recognize that, this " adverse current " intrusion pipe 770 that substitutes in use has some benefit, this is because (the straight tubular intrusion pipe 470 shown in some similar Figure 13) intrusion pipe 770 do not rely on towards, flow in fuel is not needed down to enter supervisor's volume, thus bubble is attempted against to dirty rising, and therefore gravitational effect provide pipe more vertical towards.Alternatively, with reference now to Figure 17, which respectively show three by the respective entrance and exit that interconnects, or first and second this " adverse current " intrusion pipes 770 that are installed in series of the connector 775 of fluid passage 773 and 744, to recognize, adverse current intrusion pipe 770 designs and depends on flow velocity in fact, bubble (729 represent substantially) explosion can be made when multi fuel mixture flows through pipe 770 to the dependence of flow velocity and skin-friction effect or " wiping (rub) ", when passing through the large rate of flow of fluid of total system even close, relative size or the appearance of inlet duct 776 and the whole intrusion pipe 770 less than inlet duct 776 are equal substantially in the exemplary embodiment, thus relatively consistent flow velocity is realized in whole process.This stream mode is utilized to arrange, instead of any potential bubble formed in lower pipe or inlet duct 776, upper end at main intrusion pipe volume is formed (if any) inlet duct 776 external volume by them, and " chased (chased) " forward by all the other intrusion pipes of series connection thus, help thus utilize each expansion or shrink broken or pour into any this bubble, thus arrive last intrusion pipe of series connection at fuel mixture before, any bubble does not all exist in fact, or can not be arrived by naked eye in fact or rather, shown in Figure 17.As another effect that homogenizes of the alternate embodiments of intrusion pipe 770, though in fact towards, the fuel leaving inlet duct 776 has the trend of the internal surface 781 of the second end wall 780 impacting intrusion pipe 770, promotes homogenizing of bubbles burst and liquid-vapor fuel mixture thus further.In addition, substitute adverse current intrusion pipe 770 to be fabricated in the mode very similar with other the exemplary intrusion pipes illustrated herein and describe, wherein the first and second end walls 772 and 780 utilize O shape ring 783 and retaining ring 779 to be fixed on two opposite ends of tube wall 771, but also can use other any this configuration that is known or that develop in the future and package techniques, and not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Particularly, to recognize, have level towards the intrusion pipe 770 of entrance and exit passage 773,774 to configure and the use of general connector 775 makes in series to arrange or arrange the more simple and room for promotion utilization ratio of intrusion pipe 770, and do not increase the potential failure risk of cost, complexity and multiple pipe and connector and folder, etc.Also will recognize, in this alternate embodiments, intrusion pipe circulation loop 750 maintains 400-500psi effectively by the second elevator pump 793, and recycle pump 753 maintains the flow velocity of the fuel by loop 750 simply, this relatively high circulation loop pressure further enhancing the homogenieity of fuel mixture and therefore allows relatively less perfusion volume and/or relatively high flow velocity thus.In the exemplary embodiment, 4 gallons per minute (4gpm) can be approximately by the whole flow velocity of system.Once motor needs multi fuel mixture, then fuel mixture leaves circulation loop 750 by fuel line 784 and arrives jet pump 795, and the sparger 691 that arrives soon after, and the spilling port lines of jet pump 795 and sparger 691 is all with three-port structure access fuel line 751, fuel line 751 restarts the whole process of multi fuel mixture subsequently, and this multi fuel mixture returns with as described above by recirculation continuously by perfusion circulation loop 750.Similarly, those skilled in the art will recognize that, whether circulation loop and pump, elevator pump, valve, connector, the configuration of line and the existence of quantity and heat-exchange apparatus, accumulator or by-pass line and other these modification are all possible in fuel enhancement system 620 of the present invention, and do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Due to the schematic diagram that Figure 15-17 is a kind of fuel system mode of executions according to each aspect of the present invention, strictly do not follow relative size and the shape of various assembly, and be construed as the example of the principle and character being only the fuel system that homogenizes of the present invention.Therefore, to rise in fact with the replacement of the various replacement assemblies of the same function illustrated and describe be possible in the present invention and obviously fall into its scope.
Continue with reference to Figure 15, and further with reference to Figure 18 and 19, Figure 18 and 19 shows and is combined in alternative fuel enhancing system 720(particularly, its control system) in opacimeter gauge 746, first observe, the same with control damper 744 as the first Variable Area flowmeter 736, opacimeter gauge 746 is connected with controller 745 electronic communication, cooperates the speed be added to monitor and forecast vaporized fuel in liquid fuel stream thus together with these two other elements.Substantially, opacimeter gauge 746 is the optical sensors being configured to estimate based on the opacity of mixture gaseous state perfusion, instead of only based on liquid fuel stream meter gaseous.Call by name and talk about, opacimeter gauge 746 is as refraction sensor, if fuel mixture specific refraction is high thus (showing gaseous state or the bubble composition of height), can close or prevent any other vaporized fuel feed-in with the quantifier 746 of other control system assembly cooperation, if and through or by the flow in fuel of quantifier 746 lower than refraction threshold level (showing the relative homogeneous of liquid), therefore quantifier 746 can allow other control system assembly to continue to measure based on other system parameter (such as diesel fuel flow) gas of feed-in.Therefore, to recognize, opacimeter gauge 746 in illustrative embodiments be system (particularly, first Variable Area flowmeter 736) in " monitor ", thus when the gaseous composition that flow in fuel has had or surface goes out to have on threshold value override quantifier prevent the introducing of other vaporized fuel, no matter diesel oil flow velocity needs more gas feed-ins, such as, when accelerating or climb or when motor is in relative high capacity operation.But, when fuel mixture performance in downstream has vaporized fuel (thus refraction or opacity level are lower than threshold value) in the liquid fuel being introduced in now fully mixing or pour into wherein, first Variable Area flowmeter therefore not override, but trigger other gas feed-ins as described elsewhere in this article.Although opacimeter gauge can be positioned at multiple positions of the fuel enhancement system 720 that homogenizes, but be preferably located in the downstream of intrusion pipe 770, thus reflect in fact the mixing to greatest extent that fuel mixture experiences in system 720 and homogenize, and whether can adapt to the feed-in of additional gaseous fuel based on this basic decision-making system.Therefore, as shown in figure 15, lead to the fuel line 784 before eductor pump 795 at fuel mixture after opacimeter gauge be arranged in circulation loop 750 two intrusion pipes 770 second, thus before ejecting for system with provide the information relevant with the degree that homogenizes of fuel mixture with the controller 745 that its electronic communication is connected particularly.
About in the structure of opacimeter gauge 746 and the more details of operation, with reference to Figure 18, show exemplary this equipment, the electronic shell 765 that quantifier 746 comprises in fact liquid stream shell 760 and adjoins.As best illustrated in the viewgraph of cross-section of Figure 19, liquid stream shell 760 has internal holes 761, this internal holes 761 has the pair of pistons 762 being arranged on opposite end, and piston 762 utilizes retaining ring 763 or any other this assembly that is known or exploitation in the future to remain in hole.Pair of connectors 764 is arranged on the interval location in the wall of liquid stream shell 760, thus is communicated with internal holes 761 fluid, and completes the fluid path of inflow and efflux stream shell thus.Therefore, will recognize, by simply connector 746 being connected to fuel line, or it is inner opacimeter gauge 746 to be bonded on fuel line, defines the fuel flow path of the complete internal holes 761 by liquid stream shell 760.Form entirety with liquid stream shell 760 or be arranged on liquid stream shell 760 or the electronic shell 765 be positioned in fact near it is configured together with the equipment such as a pair optical fiber connector 766, respective optical fiber wire 767 extends out from the optical fiber connector 766, this optical fiber wire 767 ends in the internal holes 761 of liquid stream shell 760, thus it is positioned at fuel flow path and limits at least one optical sensor wherein thus; More specifically and preferably, article two, optical fiber wire 767 all also extends into internal holes 761 substantially symmetrically by respective piston 762, thus optical fiber wire is positioned at substantially and the respective isolated position being connected 764 intervals, fuel mixture is flowed into and efflux stream shell 760 by connector 764.In illustrative embodiments, each terminal of optical fiber wire 767 is supported by O shape ring sleeve 768, thus the precise length at optical fiber wire tip is exposed, most advanced and sophisticated subsequently across the fuel flow path by liquid stream shell 760 sensing substantially each other.In use, along with fuel mixture is by opacimeter gauge 746, the optical fiber wire 767 being positioned at the flow in fuel illustrating and describe dynamically detects the optical property (namely reflecting level) of fuel mixture and corresponding signal is sent to controller 745, wherein, opacimeter gauge 746 is connected with controller 745 electronic communication.Again, based on the signal that opacimeter gauge 746 produces and sends, controller 745 then can by demand override (over-ride) first Variable Area flowmeter 736, to guarantee that the fuel mixture being finally delivered to motor is not by vaporized fuel supersaturation.Those skilled in the art will recognize that, the exemplary constructions details of opacimeter gauge is only the example of characteristic sum aspect of the present invention (such as fuel enhancement system 720), particularly, opacimeter gauge 746 is not limited thereto, on the contrary, opacimeter gauge 746 can take various other to combine the form of the technology of known or in the future exploitation, and does not depart from the scope of the present invention.In this, to recognize, according to sensor, its towards can be across stream (being extremely similar to by sight glass) or the direction along the axis of flow of (as in the exemplary embodiment) from one end or from the other end of fixed length, wherein, often kind of mode sensor all may be observed through several inches of fuel mixtures (but particularly, as shown in illustrative embodiments, observe with vertical or along axis of flow direction), thus more bubbles may be observed, and obtain the better sensing to gas mist thus.In addition, the position of opacimeter gauge 746 can contribute to hysteresis effect in some sense, thus, quantifier position among circulation loop or afterwards can make this effect of the fuel of mixing point have with postpone and this effect is all visible in all path downstreams, thus in some cases, opacimeter gauge 746 preferably can be made relatively near mixing point, but vaporized fuel can not be made not have the enough time be filled in liquid near degree.In the operation of opacimeter gauge 746, another variable element is temperature, known under cold weather, and diesel fuel congenitally has muddy trend.The naturally muddy of the diesel fuel of optical sensor can be broken away under dealing with possible cold weather or cold operation, for example, consider serviceability temperature sensor in system 720, and the optical sensor (i.e. opacimeter gauge 746) or automatically provide the skew of activation levels of stopping using during cold operation, to deal with the muddiness naturally of not unacceptable fuel the supersaturation for the vaporized fuel in liquid fuel.Therefore, those skilled in the art will recognize that numerous modification of basic opacimeter gauge 746 are possible, and do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Briefly with reference to Figure 20 and 21, show another Alternative exemplary mode of execution of the present invention, its based on and detail above-mentioned explanation and relevant drawings.These two systems are all the situations of the co-rail diesel engine under injection (common rail) pressure operating in about 25,000psi, such as, standard in 2009 popular TDI automobiles.The example system 200 points that each this example fuel strengthens the fuel feed-in of system and mixing section and Fig. 1 is similar, outside some following fine distinctions.First, with reference to Figure 20, show integrated fuel and strengthen system 820, it comprises diesel fuel tanks 830 substantially, this diesel fuel tanks 830 has equal feed-in substantially by elevator pump 832 and the pressurized hydrogen case 840 of the circulation loop on label 850 surface, and comprise three " adverse current " formula intrusion pipes 870 and two straight tubular intrusion pipe 880(are series connection), its detailed content is hereafter describing, and circulation loop 850 is also communicated with sparger fluid with the ejecting system common rail 890 of motor with jet pump 895 by fuel filter 899, recycle pump 893.In more detail, diesel fuel tanks 830 passes through elevator pump 832 with the pressure feed diesel fuel of about 5-10psi, diesel fuel one or more circulation loop that arrives soon after sends pump 834, and in the exemplary embodiment, this circulation loop is sent pump 834 and diesel fuel is risen to about 100-125psi.To again recognize that one or more circulation loop sends the fluid pump that pump 834 can be known or in the future exploitation arbitrarily, it is arranged to suitable pressure and power consumption, and is applicable to diesel oil and other this light oil fuels.Online flow transducer 843 is provided between diesel fuel tanks 830 and circulation loop 850.In addition, hydrogen is supplied to flow control valve 844 by hydrogen case 840, and what hydrogen measured according to flow transducer 843 by this flow control valve 844 subsequently is supplied to the fuel line 840 carrying diesel fuel like that.Flow control valve 844 is controlled by micro-processor control device 745 or similar device, control gear 845 can be the equipment developed known or future arbitrarily, for electronic control valve or other this flow-control equipments, and can according to the data action received from various input, input include but not limited to flow transducer 843, the equipment cooperated with flow transducer 843 in addition, above in conjunction with Figure 15,18 and 19 the downstream opacimeter gauge 846 that describes of illustrative embodiments.In addition, accumulator equipment 884 is illustrated as being arranged in the fuel line 841 in flowmeter 843 downstream, but will recognize that accumulator 884 can be positioned at system 820 any position before ejecting.But preferably, any this accumulator 884 will be installed in circulation loop 850 or pre-circulation loop, or be arranged in the low voltage side of system, or the system that is arranged on is positioned at any ladder unlifting pressure section of system or height and takes part outside ejecting system by force.Therefore, any existence (such as when tail-off or fuel mixture do not circulate) and by have the trend of the low voltage side of crossing the system of permeating back such as Sealing remaining system pressure (by recognize any static pressure difference by trending towards, there is this effect and at given time enough hydrogen especially can infiltrate and penetrate most of matrix, especially rubber seal or analog) will be promoted by accumulator equipment 884 and help the integrity of preservation other system assembly (especially low pressure components).Therefore, to recognize, although some intrusion pipes can configure together with accumulator wherein and some systems can not have accumulator, just as there is sufficient robustness run under abundant low pressure or have fully perfusion volume to adapt to this remaining system pressure flowed back to, but in all other illustrative embodiments as shown in figure 20, low voltage side accumulator equipment 884 can be reoffered to improve the function of whole fuel enhancement system 820 further, significantly, this is not necessary and the present invention is not limited thereto.Again, if so independent accumulator equipment 884(is included in system 820) various position can be placed in realize above-mentioned earth pressure release benefit.Continue with reference to Figure 20, diesel oil-hydrogen fuel mixture (again illustrate, concrete fuel fabrication is only exemplary) is led to the line 851 of circulation loop 850 from fuel line 840, and leads to subsequently in a series of intrusion pipe 870,880.Particularly, in the exemplary embodiment, first intrusion pipe 870 is the counterflow configuration as Figure 16 and 17 illustrates and describes, second and the 3rd intrusion pipe 880 are the straight tubular intrusion pipes illustrating as Figure 13 and describe, the 4th and the 5th intrusion pipe 870 is also configured to the first reverse stream pipe.Those skilled in the art by recognize from above-mentioned discussion and the Alternative exemplary mode of execution that presents herein the quantity of intrusion pipe 870,880, configuration and order only order be the example of other aspects of the present invention, and nonrestrictive.Also can use other modification numerous that intrusion pipe builds and arranges, and not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.As above in conjunction with described in Figure 15, after last intrusion pipe 870 leaving series connection, fuel mixture is by opacimeter gauge 846, thus Systematical control can whether override runs with other control units (namely providing the flow control valve 844 of diesel oil flow data-triggered by online flow meter 843) with the degree of dynamic, the real time data homogenized and vaporized fuel component (in this case for hydrogen) feed-in that effectively reflect fuel, thus prevent the supersaturation of the liquid fuel with gas from also may cause the system failure.Fuel never diaphanometer gauge 846 also arrives jet pump 895 based on the demand of motor by the first recycle pump 893 subsequently by filter 899, or by between filter 899 and the first recycle pump 893 by the second recycle pump 853(, it is arranged in fuel line 853) the fuel line 854 that circulates, thus fuel returns fuel line 851 to be processed further by the remaining part of system 820.Similarly, briefly with reference to Figure 21, show similar integrated fuel and strengthen system 920, compared with Figure 20, it has some noticeable differences.First, five intrusion pipes 970 being all " adverse current " and configuring are employed.Some are illustrated as level, some are illustrated as vertical, but by recognize from aforementioned discussion intrusion pipe 970 do not rely on substantially towards, specified by hardware and spatial constraints substantially from the then position of any this intrusion pipe 970 whole fuel enhancement system 920, such as, in engine compartment or local at other of vehicle.In addition, same be connected to regulate vaporized fuel to be in fact positioned at the downstream of ejecting system to the opacimeter gauge 946 of the dispensing of liquid fuel with other sensors, quantifier and control apparatus cooperation with controller 945 electronic communication, it is arranged in fuel line 951, not only not injected pump 995 and overflow fuel mixture that Port fuel line 997 needs by from common rail 990 and this fuel line 951 of sparger 991 feed-in, and newly by fuel line 941 send liquid-vapor fuel mixture also in this fuel line 951 of feed-in.Therefore, in the exemplary embodiment, opacimeter gauge 946 is using the mixing snapshot of the fuel mixture at intrusion pipe 970 upper reaches as the reflection to the fresh fuel mixture combined with fuel mixture, and wherein, fuel mixture is by whole system circulation primary.To recognize, this observation of fuel mixture can not provide the observation of the fuel (as it has just left intrusion pipe 971) in " best situation ", also can not provide the fuel in " the worst situation " (as its just along fuel line 941 leave mixing) observation, on the contrary, the intermediateness of the fuel mixture in circular route 951 is shown as " intermediate value " data point type by it.Again illustrate, those skilled in that art can be different between each system by the position and relative set thereof again recognizing opacimeter gauge 946, and do not depart from the scope of the present invention.
Continue with reference to Figure 21, such fuel enhancement system 920 that homogenizes is arranged on the turbo charged 2.0 liters of four cylinder engines of 2009 popular JettaTDI(, has 16.5:1 compression ratio and 140 horsepowers, and six fast auto-manual speed changes) on.Reality test in, according to the diesel oil-hydrogen fuel composition of each side of the present invention vehicle-mounted ground mixed and be used according to each aspect of the present invention improvement fuel delivery system 920 in, the pressure of wherein hydrogen feed-in is about 200psi.Present by reference and be incorporated with the mileage number test data from independent experiment room.Particularly, Jetta TDI standard mileage number (only diesel oil) result is 34.6 miles per gallon (34.6mpg), wherein, vehicle is also driven to run simulating adjustment under the speed of 55 miles (55mph) approximately per hour in various load conditions when not activating fuel enhancement system 920.Diesel oil and 2.2%(2.2%vol when Jetta TDI is propellant composition (it is by volume measured as 97.8%(97.8%vol)) hydrogen) when activating fuel enhancement system 920, final average effective mileage number is 87.1 miles per gallon (87.1mpg), or improves 251.7% than the vehicle ground line (" only diesel oil " runs) of 34.6 miles per gallon (34.6mpg).Hydrogen feed-in pressure is that other tests of 375psi again show remarkable liquid diesel fuel saving (at least about 30%).In addition, 2009 popular Jetta TDI have recorded the city that is greater than 5000 miles and expressway drives also, it can repeatedly utilize every 60 mile of 1 gallons of diesel fuel to realize, the consumption of hydrogen is approximately every 60 miles 0.02 gallon, every 60 miles save 0.54 gallons of diesel fuel thus, and it is converted to the fuel efficiency actual vehicle under actual riving condition approximately adding 60%.In independent tail gas inspection post also to being in fact equipped with as implied above and the 2009 identical popular JettaTDI realizing the fuel enhancement system 920 of above-mentioned efficiency gain have carried out some emission tests, the improvement of disclosure is almost consistent with the effluent standard test of the Jetta do not improved.Be equipped with the Jetta TDI of fuel enhancement system 920 and other plant emissions equipment from its tailpipe go out 4.31ppm hydrocarbon, 13.65% O 2with the carbon dioxide of 4.99%, far below the new EPA standard for automaker implemented, and NOx is also in lower scope, is approximately 300ppm.
Finally, with reference to Figure 22, show to strengthen according to the different fuel of each aspect of the present invention system (such as: above in conjunction with shown in Figure 14,15,20 and 21 and describe) in the exemplary capillary that uses ooze out the schematic diagram of equipment 80.Particularly, with reference to descriptive system 620,720,820 respectively with 920 these accompanying drawings that show be integrated in or with each high-pressure service pump 692,693(Figure 14) and 793(Figure 15) or jet pump 895(Figure 20) and 995(Figure 21) together with this capillary that uses ooze out equipment 80.The main purpose that capillary oozes out equipment 80 prevents failure of pump, especially seal failure, for example, as pump at overflow constant-pressure (usually under this rated pressure, shaft sealing is not weak link) when uses, even if pump can be sent or circulate, the hydraulic pressure of this overflow constant-pressure, also there will be seal failure, usually particularly like this in gear pump.Therefore, capillary is oozed out equipment 80 and is configured by around the pump shaft 89 near the pump housing 88, as having outer tubular wall 81, this outer tubular wall 81 is with bolt or be otherwise fixed to the pump housing 88, thus concentric with pump shaft 89 substantially, capillary ooze out equipment 80 also on axle 89 (such as: 0.0005 " headroom) have and slide into copper sheathing 82 wherein with essence with the mode of clean fit engagement.Copper sheathing 82 also has the headroom of some thousandths of (such as with the internal surface of tubular wall 81, be less than 0.010 " headroom); and utilizing O shape ring 83 to seal wherein; O shape ring 83 is also for allowing cover 82 be positioned at the center of pump shaft 89 and/or align with pump shaft 89; relatively almost do not have edge loading, thereby increasing the flexibility ratio affecting the spatial position of pump shaft 89 and the pump of placement and motor and install.Pump shaft seals 84 in the isolated opposite end of copper sheathing 82, it is mobile from a position along the axle 89 in pump case 88, the interval between cover 82 and shaft seal 84 allow via capillary ooze out line 85 collect and discharge ooze out along pump shaft 89 and any fuel between pump shaft 89 and copper sheathing 82.In the exemplary embodiment, copper sheathing 82 and outside shaft seal 84 are remained on pump shaft 89 by the retaining ring 86 of the internal surface being positioned at outer tubular wall 81.To recognize, the inner shaft sealing of pump that this capillary around the pump shaft 89 being positioned at pump case 88 outside oozes out equipment 80 and housing 88 outside is utilized to exceed the cover 82 of seal shaft 89, thus for pump operation provides another automatic anti-fault mechanism, even if thus when originally the fuel of pump be approximately 200psi or higher, the pressure difference of the rear side (being copper sheathing 82 now) of shaft seal is reduced to about 60-100psi, on this basis, any this fuel solved by copper sheathing 82 or permeate finally turns back to fuel system, and pump continues to run according to demand.In addition, also also contribute to the length of pump shaft 89 that the aspect ratio or cover 82 of recognizing copper sheathing 82 extend thereon sealing and slow down that capillary oozes out equipment 80 oozes out effect, thus be conducive to pump and it runs.One of skill in the art will appreciate that and other configurations of many known or in the future exploitations, material and assembling method can be utilized to ooze out equipment to implement capillary of the present invention, and do not depart from its spirit and scope.
Generally speaking, with reference to the various exemplary intrusion pipe configuration illustrated herein and describe, that notices necessity depends on other factors many with the perfusion volume of the best, comprises pressure and fuel flow rate (time).Higher perfusion volume can allow the vaporized fuel of proportional (although non-linear) by volume higher percent mix with homogenizing fully or be poured in liquid fuel, in this case, more intrusion pipe is used and fuel stops less time (or with faster flow velocity pass through) in each intrusion pipe that still can homogenize multi fuel mixture effectively.On the contrary, pressure is the same with other factors, and relatively low total perfusion volume also can realize identical result, and this is because fuel is slowed down in each intrusion pipe, this designed by pipe total system flow velocity or both jointly realize.Similarly, not only the geometrical relationship of the length-to-diameter ratio rate of any given intrusion pipe is established as from 2:1 to 30:1 substantially, and adopts other relations of the present invention's principle operationally also can draw about always pouring into volume and size of engine or discharge capacity.Particularly, establish general inference, again illustrate, other factors (such as pressure, temperature, flow velocity etc.) are the same, and the relation that wherein every 1.0 liters of engine displacement have total perfusion volume of about 3.5 liters has been considered to implementing according to being enough during each side illustrated and describe of the present invention herein.Such as, for 2.0 liters of motors, the total perfusion volume used in the exemplary fuel enhancement system that homogenizes is approximately 6.9 liters of (1.8 gallons or 420in 3), to equal to have gage length be 24 inches (24 ") nominal diameter is 2 inches (2 ") five intrusion pipes, and always pour into volume thus and be just less than six liters, extra about one liter is included in system fuel filter and line.Therefore, the total perfusion volume equaling only one or more intrusion pipes of engine displacement has been considered to be enough to realize according to the perfusion of the multi fuel mixture of each side of the present invention and has homogenized.That is, one or more intrusion pipe of the present invention is for promoting filling process, thus forms interpenetrating of the internal structure of fuel.This effect is realized by following method: to be exposed to by liquid fuel in external matrix (such as gas) thus to share molecule space in fuel, gas is filled in liquid fuel effectively to become composite fuel, again illustrate, this composite fuel is considered as liquid, even if the change of chemistry or molecular level does not all occur any fuel element by the remaining part (especially ejecting system) of system.As by recognizing from above-mentioned explanation, at filling process leaf, liquid-vapor multi fuel mixture is atomized and circulates to promote the grain size stability of perfusion and formed and uniquely and independently combine material.Therefore, filling process shows the ability be combined in by basic vaporized fuel via one or more intrusion pipe according to the fuel enhancement system that homogenizes of the present invention main in liquid fuel, wherein gas permeability changes in fuel mixture, make it possible to optionally strengthen the transport expecting that the factor (such as pressure and temperature) of gas in liquid fuel and in other work is relevant, and further this liquid-vapor multi fuel combination material is transported to the ejecting system of motor and finally enters firing chamber.Therefore, intrusion pipe is unique, this is because provide wherein fully for will homogenize within each other the vehicle environment of the fuel additive of dispersion; Intrusion pipe defines the requisite space for the fuel mixture prepared before ejecting.To again recognize, this intrusion pipe design and basic principle are not restricted to the exemplary perfusion structure illustrating and describe herein; Further, perfusion volume, intrusion pipe configuration and quantity and other system assembly and its relative size all should be understood to it is only the example of characteristic sum each side of the present invention, are not limited to this.
Whether more generally, no matter explicitly point out, the petrolift used in embodiments of the present invention, valve, fuel line and analog can be any this assembly that is known or that develop in the future or equipment, and it can be any configuration, size or ratio or function.Therefore, although the concrete relative size of assembly illustrates in the drawings, they merely show principle of the present invention, is in no case restrictive.
In a word, those skilled in the art will recognize that, the each side of the fuel enhancement system that homogenizes of the present invention relates at least one circulation loop, it is positioned at the outside of ejecting system, circulate for continuous print, mix and maintain the homogenieity of the multi fuel mixture except ejecting system that is that need except the ejecting system (no matter being mechanical atomization or common rail) by motor or that be delivered to motor, this system also comprises at least one and is configured in intrusion pipe at least one circulation loop, for providing volume expansion, wherein, fuel mixture can pour into and become thus and more homogenize.
Although describe each aspect of the present invention in conjunction with at least one illustrative embodiments, those skilled in the art obviously should be understood that the present invention is not limited to this.Scope of the present invention only should combine claim interpretation of enclosing, and clearly, inventor believes that namely the theme seeking to protect is the present invention.

Claims (29)

1. the fuel enhancement system that homogenizes for using together with the internal-combustion engine with engine displacement, this internal-combustion engine has ejecting system, this ejecting system comprises jet pump and at least one sparger, this ejecting system is configured to run with the liquid-vapor multi fuel mixture that homogenizes of vehicle-mounted formation, and the fuel enhancement system that homogenizes comprises:
Be positioned at ejecting system outside and at least one circulating path be in fluid communication with it, described circulating path circulates continuously and maintains the homogenieity of multi fuel mixture; And
Described circulating path limits perfusion volume and comprises at least one intrusion pipe, and intrusion pipe is arranged to:
Liquid-vapor multi fuel mixture is received by entrance;
Mix and slow down the liquid-vapor multi fuel mixture of circulation, the first group of multiple bubble be formed in liquid-vapor multi fuel mixture is made to be broken into second group of multiple less bubble by vaporized fuel component thus, thus disperse and be filled in liquid fuel component, to form the liquid-vapor fuel mixture relatively more homogenized of the perfusion volume at least equaling engine displacement;
The liquid-vapor fuel mixture relatively more homogenized is discharged by outlet.
2. homogenize fuel enhancement system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said intrusion pipe comprises tube wall, one end of this tube wall is covered by the first end wall, the other end is covered by the second end wall, first end wall at least has first passage, intrusion pipe volume comprises the part limited with the space that tube wall, axis are border with the first end wall at least partially by side direction and pours into volume, and the scope of the length-to-diameter ratio of intrusion pipe volume is between about 2:1 to about 30:1.
3. homogenize fuel enhancement system as claimed in claim 2, and wherein, intrusion pipe also comprises:
Be formed in second channel that is in the first end wall and that be positioned near first passage; And
Be arranged on the lower pipe on a passage in first or second channel of the first end wall, it has enough length to extend towards the second relative end wall substantially,
The configuration of the lower pipe in described intrusion pipe establishes the spatial position of the first and second passages, this spatial position produces dynamic flow effect and forces the liquid-vapor multi fuel mixture that flows through intrusion pipe to move along most of length of intrusion pipe volume wherein in intrusion pipe volume, and fuel mixture promotes the perfusion of the multiple bubbles in liquid-vapor multi fuel mixture, atomization and mixing by intrusion pipe described mobile.
4. homogenize fuel enhancement system as claimed in claim 2, wherein, intrusion pipe also comprises the accumulator mechanism being adjacent to the second end wall, thus, intrusion pipe volume comprises the space that axis and the first end wall opposite position are border with the accumulator piston of accumulator mechanism, thus will absorb the pressure surge homogenized in fuel enhancement system with the accumulator mechanism of intrusion pipe volume cooperation.
5. homogenize fuel enhancement system as claimed in claim 2, comprise the intrusion pipe of at least two series connection, thus, the continuous enlargement and contraction flowing to the liquid-vapor multi fuel mixture of next intrusion pipe from an intrusion pipe further promotes the perfusion of the multiple bubbles liquid-vapor multi fuel mixture, atomization and mixing.
6. homogenize fuel enhancement system as claimed in claim 1, and wherein, circulating path also comprises heat exchanger.
7. homogenize fuel enhancement system as claimed in claim 1, and wherein, circulating path comprises:
Comprise the first circulation loop of described intrusion pipe, it receives liquid-vapor multi fuel mixture and supplies from least two casees be communicated with this first circulation loop fluid;
The second circulation loop be communicated with the jet pump fluid of motor with the first circulation loop; And
Accumulator mechanism, its bridge joint first and second circulation loop, thus absorb pressure difference therebetween.
8. homogenize fuel enhancement system as claimed in claim 1, also comprises for controllably providing the liquid fuel system of liquid fuel stream and controllably providing the vaporized fuel system of vaporized fuel stream.
9. homogenize fuel enhancement system as claimed in claim 1, and wherein, perfusion volume is approximately 3.5 times of engine displacement.
10. homogenize fuel enhancement system as claimed in claim 1, also comprises:
Online flowmeter between liquid fuel case and described circulating path, it is electrically connected to micro-processor control device, and liquid fuel case sends pump supply liquid fuel via at least one; And
Online flow control valve between vaporized fuel case and described circulating path, it is electrically connected to micro-processor control device, flow control valve is configured to micro-processor control device cooperation operation with based on the data action received from flowmeter, thus is optionally introduced in liquid fuel by the vaporized fuel that vaporized fuel case supplies.
11. homogenize fuel enhancement system as claimed in claim 1, and wherein, circulating path comprises:
At least one high-pressure service pump be communicated with described circulating path fluid, described high-pressure service pump comprises jet pump, the pump shaft that each pump has the pump housing and therefrom extends; And
Capillary oozes out equipment, it has the outer tubular wall that the pump shaft configuration near around the pump housing is formed, this outer tubular wall and pump shaft are fixed on the pump housing substantially with one heart, this capillary is oozed out equipment and is also had the cover slided on pump shaft wherein, utilize outer tubular wall to seal this cover, allow to ooze out via the capillary crossing with outer tubular wall any fuel mixture that line collected and be emitted on pump shaft and permeate between overlapping.
12. 1 kinds of fuel enhancement system that homogenize for using together with internal-combustion engine, this internal-combustion engine has for controllably providing the liquid fuel system of liquid fuel stream and controllably providing the vaporized fuel system of vaporized fuel stream, internal-combustion engine has preset engine discharge capacity and has fuel injection system, and the fuel enhancement system that homogenizes comprises:
The circulatory system, be communicated with engine injector system fluid for receiving controlled liquid fuel with controlled vaporized fuel stream, liquid-vapor mixture that is liquid and vaporized fuel is supplied to engine injector system and makes liquid-vapor mixture through circulating path by the described circulatory system, and vaporized fuel is filled in liquid fuel in this circulating path; And
Described circulating path provides perfusion volume, and liquid-vapor mixture is through this perfusion volume before being provided to engine injector system, and perfusion volume at least equals engine displacement, thus realizes the homogenous of liquid-vapor mixture; And
At least one intrusion pipe, is arranged among circulating path, and this intrusion pipe is arranged to:
Liquid state-gaseous mixture is received by entrance;
Mix and slow down the liquid-vapor mixture of circulation, the first group of multiple bubble be formed in liquid-vapor mixture is made to be broken into second group of multiple less bubble by vaporized fuel component thus, thus disperse and be filled in liquid fuel, to form the liquid-vapor mixture relatively more homogenized;
The liquid-vapor mixture relatively more homogenized is discharged by outlet, enters circulating path.
13. homogenize fuel enhancement system as claimed in claim 12, and wherein, perfusion volume is approximately 3.5 times of engine displacement.
14. homogenize fuel enhancement system as claimed in claim 12, and wherein, part perfusion volume is provided by least one intrusion pipe being arranged in circulating path.
15. homogenize fuel enhancement system as claimed in claim 14, wherein, intrusion pipe defines the intrusion pipe volume with predetermined length and diameter, and this intrusion pipe volume comprises part perfusion volume, and the length-to-diameter ratio of intrusion pipe volume is between about 2:1 to about 30:1.
16. homogenize fuel enhancement system as claimed in claim 14, and wherein, intrusion pipe comprises:
Limit the main body of internal capacity, this main body has first and second ends of locating with predetermined axial spacing, and
Through the first and second runners of main body first end, it is operatively positioned at going up at least partially of the internal capacity of circulating path;
First and second runners extend the first and second predetermined axial distances respectively and enter internal capacity, and the first and second predetermined axial distances differ a prearranging quatity, thus liquid-vapor mixture is at least through the qualifying part of internal capacity.
17. homogenize fuel enhancement system as claimed in claim 14, and wherein, a part for perfusion volume is provided by the multiple series connection intrusion pipes being positioned at circulating path.
18. homogenize fuel enhancement system as claimed in claim 12, and wherein, circulating path also comprises heat exchanger.
19. homogenize fuel enhancement system as claimed in claim 12, also comprise:
Online flowmeter between liquid fuel case and described circulating path, it is electrically connected to micro-processor control device, and liquid fuel case sends pump supply liquid fuel via at least one; And
Online flow control valve between vaporized fuel case and described circulating path, it is electrically connected to micro-processor control device, flow control valve is configured to micro-processor control device cooperation operation with based on the data action received from flowmeter, thus is optionally introduced in liquid fuel by the vaporized fuel that vaporized fuel case supplies.
20. homogenize fuel enhancement system as claimed in claim 19, and wherein, flow counts digital flowmeter and/or Variable Area flowmeter.
21. homogenize fuel enhancement system as claimed in claim 12, wherein, also comprise opaque flowmeter.
22. homogenize fuel enhancement system as claimed in claim 21, and wherein, opaque flowmeter comprises:
Liquid stream shell, it comprises internal holes, and this internal holes has the pair of pistons being arranged on opposite end, and liquid stream shell has the pair of connectors that the interval in the wall of this liquid stream shell is installed, thus connector is communicated with internal holes fluid, and complete the fuel flow path of inflow and efflux stream shell thus; And
Be adjacent to the electronic shell of liquid stream shell, electronic shell comprises a pair optical fiber connector, respective optical fiber extends out from the optical fiber connector, optical fiber wire by piston and relative to each other with the relationship originates of axial dipole field substantially in the internal holes of liquid stream shell, thus optical fiber wire is arranged in fuel flow path and limits optical fiber transducer thus.
23. homogenize fuel enhancement system as claimed in claim 12, and wherein, circulating path comprises:
First circulation loop, for receiving controlled liquid fuel stream and controlled vaporized fuel stream; And
The second circulation loop be communicated with the first circulation loop fluid with engine injector system.
24. homogenize fuel enhancement system as claimed in claim 19, and wherein, the first circulation loop comprises multiple intrusion pipes of tandem arrangement.
25. homogenize fuel enhancement system as claimed in claim 23, also comprise the accumulator mechanism with the first and second circulation loop cooperations, for compensating pressure difference therebetween.
26. homogenize fuel enhancement system as claimed in claim 12, and wherein, the circulatory system comprises:
At least one high-pressure service pump be communicated with described circulating path fluid, described high-pressure service pump comprises jet pump, the pump shaft that each pump has the pump housing and therefrom extends; And
Capillary oozes out equipment, it has the outer tubular wall that the pump shaft configuration near around the pump housing is formed, this outer tubular wall and pump shaft are fixed on the pump housing substantially with one heart, this capillary is oozed out equipment and is also had the cover slided on pump shaft wherein, utilize outer tubular wall to seal this cover, allow to ooze out via the capillary crossing with outer tubular wall any fuel mixture that line collected and be emitted on pump shaft and permeate between overlapping.
27. 1 kinds of engine systems, comprising:
Internal-combustion engine, this internal-combustion engine has preset engine discharge capacity and has fuel injection system;
Liquid fuel system, controllably provides liquid fuel stream in response to being applied to control signal on it;
Vaporized fuel system, controllably provides vaporized fuel stream in response to being applied to control signal on it;
The circulatory system, be communicated with engine injector system fluid for receiving controlled liquid fuel with controlled vaporized fuel stream, liquid-vapor mixture that is liquid and vaporized fuel is supplied to engine injector system and makes liquid-vapor mixture through circulating path by the described circulatory system, and vaporized fuel is filled in liquid fuel in this circulating path;
Described circulating path provides perfusion volume, and liquid-vapor mixture is through this perfusion volume before being provided to engine injector system, and perfusion volume at least equals engine displacement, thus realizes the homogenous of liquid-vapor mixture;
At least one intrusion pipe, is arranged among circulating path, and this intrusion pipe is arranged to:
Liquid state-gaseous mixture is received by entrance;
Mix and slow down the liquid-vapor mixture of circulation, the first group of multiple bubble be formed in liquid-vapor mixture is made to be broken into second group of multiple less bubble by vaporized fuel component thus, thus disperse and be filled in liquid fuel, to form the liquid-vapor mixture relatively more homogenized;
The liquid-vapor mixture relatively more homogenized is discharged by outlet, enters circulating path; And
Control system, for generating control signal for liquid fuel system and gaseous state fuel system.
28. systems as claimed in claim 27, wherein, control system comprises:
Be positioned at the opacimeter gauge of circulating path, for estimating that the gaseous state in liquid-vapor mixture pours into and generates signal according to the gas perfusion after estimating; And
Controller, is configured to the flow controlling to close vaporized fuel according to the signal obtained from sensor.
29. systems as claimed in claim 27, wherein, control system comprises:
Being positioned at the opacimeter gauge of circulating path, for sensing the threshold value of the degree that homogenizes of liquid-vapor mixture, and generating signal when the predetermined threshold is reached; And
Controller, is configured to the flow controlling to close vaporized fuel according to the signal obtained from sensor.
CN201080053791.4A 2009-10-01 2010-10-01 Homogenize fuel enhancement system Active CN102630270B (en)

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US24783109P 2009-10-01 2009-10-01
US61/247,831 2009-10-01
US12/702,252 US8333171B2 (en) 2009-02-06 2010-02-08 Homogenizing fuel enhancement system
US12/702,252 2010-02-08
PCT/US2010/051167 WO2011041705A1 (en) 2009-10-01 2010-10-01 Homogenizing fuel enhancement system

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