CN102630270A - Homogenizing fuel enhancement system - Google Patents

Homogenizing fuel enhancement system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102630270A
CN102630270A CN2010800537914A CN201080053791A CN102630270A CN 102630270 A CN102630270 A CN 102630270A CN 2010800537914 A CN2010800537914 A CN 2010800537914A CN 201080053791 A CN201080053791 A CN 201080053791A CN 102630270 A CN102630270 A CN 102630270A
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China
Prior art keywords
fuel
pump
circulation loop
homogenizes
intrusion pipe
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CN2010800537914A
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CN102630270B (en
Inventor
M·A·伦德
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Exen Holdings LLC
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Exen Holdings LLC
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Priority claimed from US12/702,252 external-priority patent/US8333171B2/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/08—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed simultaneously using pluralities of fuels
    • F02D19/081—Adjusting the fuel composition or mixing ratio; Transitioning from one fuel to the other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0626—Measuring or estimating parameters related to the fuel supply system
    • F02D19/0628—Determining the fuel pressure, temperature or flow, the fuel tank fill level or a valve position
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/232—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using flow-mixing means for introducing the gases, e.g. baffles
    • B01F23/2323—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using flow-mixing means for introducing the gases, e.g. baffles by circulating the flow in guiding constructions or conduits
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/433—Mixing tubes wherein the shape of the tube influences the mixing, e.g. mixing tubes with varying cross-section or provided with inwardly extending profiles
    • B01F25/4332—Mixers with a strong change of direction in the conduit for homogenizing the flow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/433—Mixing tubes wherein the shape of the tube influences the mixing, e.g. mixing tubes with varying cross-section or provided with inwardly extending profiles
    • B01F25/4336—Mixers with a diverging cross-section
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/433—Mixing tubes wherein the shape of the tube influences the mixing, e.g. mixing tubes with varying cross-section or provided with inwardly extending profiles
    • B01F25/4338—Mixers with a succession of converging-diverging cross-sections, i.e. undulating cross-section
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/50—Circulation mixers, e.g. wherein at least part of the mixture is discharged from and reintroduced into a receptacle
    • B01F25/51—Circulation mixers, e.g. wherein at least part of the mixture is discharged from and reintroduced into a receptacle in which the mixture is circulated through a set of tubes, e.g. with gradual introduction of a component into the circulating flow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/20—Measuring; Control or regulation
    • B01F35/21—Measuring
    • B01F35/2131—Colour or luminescence
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B43/00—Engines characterised by operating on gaseous fuels; Plants including such engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0602—Control of components of the fuel supply system
    • F02D19/0605—Control of components of the fuel supply system to adjust the fuel pressure or temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0626—Measuring or estimating parameters related to the fuel supply system
    • F02D19/0634—Determining a density, viscosity, composition or concentration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0639—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels
    • F02D19/0642—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels at least one fuel being gaseous, the other fuels being gaseous or liquid at standard conditions
    • F02D19/0644—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels at least one fuel being gaseous, the other fuels being gaseous or liquid at standard conditions the gaseous fuel being hydrogen, ammonia or carbon monoxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0639—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels
    • F02D19/0642—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels at least one fuel being gaseous, the other fuels being gaseous or liquid at standard conditions
    • F02D19/0647—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels at least one fuel being gaseous, the other fuels being gaseous or liquid at standard conditions the gaseous fuel being liquefied petroleum gas [LPG], liquefied natural gas [LNG], compressed natural gas [CNG] or dimethyl ether [DME]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0663—Details on the fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02D19/0665—Tanks, e.g. multiple tanks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0663—Details on the fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02D19/0668—Treating or cleaning means; Fuel filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0663—Details on the fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02D19/0684—High pressure fuel injection systems; Details on pumps, rails or the arrangement of valves in the fuel supply and return systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M31/00—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M31/20—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/0011—Constructional details; Manufacturing or assembly of elements of fuel systems; Materials therefor
    • F02M37/0023—Valves in the fuel supply and return system
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/90—Heating or cooling systems
    • B01F2035/98—Cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F2101/00—Mixing characterised by the nature of the mixed materials or by the application field
    • B01F2101/503—Mixing fuel or propellant and water or gas, e.g. air, or other fluids, e.g. liquid additives to obtain fluid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0663—Details on the fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02D19/0686—Injectors
    • F02D19/0694—Injectors operating with a plurality of fuels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels

Abstract

A homogenizing fuel enhancement system involves at least one circulation loop existing outside of the injection system for continuously circulating and maintaining the homogeneity of a multi- fuel mixture apart from any demands by or delivery to the engine's injection system (whether mechanical injection or a common rail), and at least one infusion tube configured within the at least one circulation loop for providing a volumetric expansion wherein the fuel mixture is infused and thereby rendered more homogeneous.

Description

The fuel enhanced system homogenizes
Related application
The serial number that the application requires to submit on October 1st, 2009 is 61/247; 831, be entitled as the U.S. Provisional Application of " Multi-Fuel System " and be 12/702,252, be entitled as the preference and the applying date thereof of U.S.'s non-provisional application of " Homogenizing Fuel Enhancement System " in the serial number that on February 8th, 2010 submitted to.Content with above-mentioned application is incorporated herein by reference.
Quote and incorporate into
The claimant is incorporated herein any and all U. S. Patents and the U.S. Patent application quoted among the application or mention in view of the above by reference.Particularly; The claimant is incorporated herein the full content of following application in view of the above by reference: the serial number of submitting on November 24th, 2006 be PCT/US2006/045399 and be entitled as the international patent application of " A Multi Fuel Co Injection System for Internal Combustion and Turbine Engines ", the serial number submitted on May 23rd, 2008 is 61/055; 965 and be 61/057 in the serial number that on May 29th, 2008 submitted to; 199 and title be the U.S. Provisional Patent Application of " Multi-Fuel Co-Injection System and Method of Use " and be 61/150,704 and be entitled as the U.S. Provisional Patent Application of " Homogenizing Fuel Enhancement System " in the serial number that on February 6th, 2009 submitted to.Therefore; It should be understood that; Application or any mode of execution in its equivalent or the characteristic that is disclosed in merging can be used to replace among the application those disclosed illustrative embodiments or is used in combination (integrally or partly) with it, and do not break away from the spirit or scope of the present invention.
Technical field
Aspect of the present invention relates generally to fuel system, particularly, relates to the enhancing fuel system of utilizing many fuel mixture operations.
Background technique
The present situation of related domain is following:
As a setting, in the past between many decades, people have made with the efficient that promotes internal-combustion engine or have reduced the relevant all effort of various means of its discharging.In these effort some are paid close attention to the real engine design; Particularly; Delivery of fuel, fuel injection and combustion system and process, and other effort are relevant with improvement fuel itself, with efficient and the uniformity that increases its firing effect or its burning to a certain extent; Therefore, the combustion process of " more cleaning " causes the power of its generation to increase and/or the discharging reduction.The application relates generally to the last type improvement to fuel system itself, this paper appeared multiple newly with improved homogeneous fuel system and system component, its benefit will be conspicuous.
On the whole, about existing technology, small success has all only been reached in the effort of all known increasing combustion engine efficient up to now at most.Most of such " improvement " only make that practical efficiency increases slightly; And/or such " improvement " is to utilize the method that can not use in technical or the practice to reach; For example use the fuel that can not obtain easily or use safely, perhaps use system and the hardware that greatly increases motor cost and complexity.For instance, in the prior art, current many work utilize homogeneous charge compression-ignition (HCCI) to accomplish.In desirable " laboratory type " used, utilize efficiency gain in the gasoline engine of HCCI on 30 (30%) percent magnitude.Yet; Since this method for the sensitive natur of fuel and in order to produce the automatic combustion reaction for the accurate requirement of temperature and pressure condition (compression ratio) in the fuel chambers; Therefore stand in the real road test of different loads demand at motor; The HCCI method breaks down, and not only causes almost inefficent gain, and causes engine failure (predetonation) in some cases.
Other trials that promote the efficient of internal-combustion engine and/or reduce its discharging comprise fuel fractionation, suction port add additive (thus additive not with fuel reaction; Meet in the firing chamber up to it) and with certain mode natural fuel additive or prescription are introduced in the firing chamber; Because a variety of causes; Under the situation of given concrete system or implementation methods, natural fuel additive or prescription are relatively not too effective.
At first, about the existing technology fuel fractionation method, substantially; Many reference teaches vehicle-mounted fractionation, perhaps fuel is separated into light and heavy distillation, perhaps; For instance, fuel conditioner is become various uses, depend on the demand of motor; For example startup, idling and high RPM, high or low load, perhaps " warming-up " operation.Authorize the U. S. Patent 2 of Pinotti; 758; 579 and 2,865,345 (by the co-assigned and can trace back to nineteen fifty generation) of authorizing Hilton instructed liquid residual fuel and liquid fractionated fuel to mix pro rata and through the system of mechanical metered delivery to motor.Aspect the mixing of fuel fraction; Hilton has instructed " orifice mixer 32 "; It is restricted to " thereby two or more liquid are ejected the layout that causes turbulent flow and follow-up mixing to be moved through the hole contraction " substantially in the art; And Pinotti has instructed fuel fraction passing ratio valve 5 and the closed loop infusion cycles system that arrives soon after, mixture " through head 23 of back pressure of opposing safety valve 25 " in this closed loop infusion cycles system be held " stir or the state of turbulence under ".Pinotti and Hilton have also related to remnants and/or fractionated fuel heater, are used for the viscosity through one or more fuel fraction of heat adjustment, thereby help the fuel mix process, especially during cold start-up.
Recently; Authorize people's such as Kemmler U. S. Patent 6; 067; 969 have instructed a kind of fuel supply system that is used for internal-combustion engine, and this system wherein is used for the fuel tank of fluid fuel, evaporation that is used for lower boiling fuel element and condensing plant that the fuel supply line leads fuel injection apparatus and is connected to fuel tank equally from this fuel tank.The intermediate condensation case that is connected evaporation and condensing plant downstream also is provided, and condensate line is from this intermediate condensation case guiding control valve, and this control valve is regulated the supply to spraying equipment.The terminal point that is used for resulting from the residual fuel line of evaporation and condensing plant higher boiling fuel is an additional magazine, and the residual fuel supply line is linked the selector valve that is installed on the fuel supply line from this additional magazine.Selector valve is controlled, thereby higher boiling fuel is fed into the fuel supply line of spraying equipment of access to engine from the residual fuel supply line.Kemmler described " use reciprocable valve 3 and selector valve 6; can guarantee through optionally use fuel (promptly; original fuel, from the low boiling fuel of condensate line 15 or from the antiknock gasoline of residual fuel line 12) supply engine; with fuel element supply engine as well as possible, with the realization optimum operation ".
Similarly; Authorize people's such as Holder U. S. Patent 6; 571,748 and 6,622; 664 have instructed a kind of fuel fractionation system that is used for internal-combustion engine; This fuel fractionation system supply system part that acts as a fuel has the fuel tank that is used for liquid fuel, fuel is extracted and fuel is pressurized to the jet pressure petrolift of (fuel can be used for internal-combustion engine under this pressure), fuel fractionation equipment (it is the form of vaporizer or vaporization chamber preferably, and utilizes fuel to produce at least a liquid fuel cut of fuel) and accumulator from fuel tank; This accumulator receives the liquid fuel cut from fuel fractionation equipment; With its storage and make it can be used for internal-combustion engine, fuel and fuel fraction according to demand through fuel supply system by the feed-in internal-combustion engine, and accumulator to be pressure accumulator and comprising be used in pressure is built up equipment with fuel fraction is pressurized to the Pressure generator of jet pressure.In another embodiment, according to the performance table that is stored in the control unit, fuel and cut rely on the running state of motor to be mixed in mixing chamber, and subsequently, mixture is fed in the motor with controlled way.Holder has described " with regard to contemplated inventive concept; fuel fraction still exists unimportant with gas form with liquid form " in ' 664 patents; And described " fuel mixture is sprayed the independent combustion chamber of internal-combustion engine in a conventional manner " simultaneously, thereby the in fact not injection of instruction or realization liquid state-gaseous fuel mixture of Holder.Certainly; Holder discloses the fuel system that liquid fuel is divided at least two kinds of cuts vehicle-mountedly; Two kinds of cuts for example are high relatively and lower boiling relatively cuts (for example through vacuum evaporation); Cut is subsequently by mode or mixed with " is optimum to the instant engine running state ", thereby in this invention, needs dynamically or the fuel mix of continuous variable, and is quite similar with Kemmler in this respect.The main purpose of Holder looks like emission control.
The more recent U. S. Patent relevant 7,028,672 and 7 of authorizing people such as Glenz with the fuel fractionation system; 055; 511 have instructed a kind of fuel supply system that is used for internal-combustion engine, and what this system had two separation is used for the liquid fuel storage vessel, and these two storage vessels all are connected to first controlled valve; This first controlled valve is connected to the inlet of second controlled valve via the connecting line that includes petrolift; This second controlled valve has two outlets, and these two outlets are communicated with the fuel injection nozzle of internal-combustion engine through the burning line that separates, and the burning line of two separation all comprises fuel pressure regulator; A connection in one of them regulator and two fuel storage container of separating; Another regulator is communicated with another fuel storage container, and former unnecessary fuel turns back in the fuel storage container, and fuel is fed into fuel injection nozzle from fuel storage container.Particularly; The Glenz system relates to alternative liquid fuel image source from the fuel fractionation unit and be pushed into and once send a sparger to motor the injector (as through pressurized air or other gas), and this method is similar to known original Rudolph Diesel injection method.The same with Holder; The focus of Glenz remains and reduces discharging; Lay special stress on the startup and the warm-up phase of motor operation, stressed the vehicle-mounted mixing and the controlled use of optimization " startups " and " mainly " fuel mixture in particular, as by the generation of fuel fractionation unit.
Therefore; Fuel fractionation system about existing technology; Only be to be appreciated that and instructed: the fuel injection system of with controlled, variable mode liquid fuel or fuel fraction blend being introduced motor usually; To adapt to the demand of motor, reduce discharging simultaneously, for example under cold start-up or analogue; And do not have instruction or hint circulation loop and/or volumetric expansion equipment storage to be the outside of fuel injection system; Part as the whole delivery of fuel system of motor; Wherein, Liquid blend with vaporized fuel will and maintain mixed uniformly substantially state by sufficient mixing, and the fuel injection system that directly is delivered to motor is with atomized fuel mixture better after injection, and so more effective burning.
About introducing fuel additive (for example propane or hydrogen) through suction port rather than in fuel stream, the multiple additive that makes known in the art gets into the method for firing chamber as the part of air-flow.For example; Authorize the U. S. Patent 7 of Funk; 019; 626 have instructed system, the method and apparatus that motor is converted to multifuel engine, and wherein, the gasoline of some fuel or diesel oil are substituted by the appearance of introducing or directly getting into independently second fuel (for example rock gas, propane or hydrogen) of firing chamber through suction port in the firing chamber.The Funk system comprise the control unit that is used to measure second fuel and indication second fuel with respect to diesel oil or gasoline by the storage chamber indicator of the amount of fuel.Funk points out that the purpose of its invention is solving the emissions of diesel engines shortcoming; And it is granular material discharged to have explained that disclosed various mode of execution has reduced, and " the cheap diesel oil or the gas engine conversion method and apparatus of amount from the alternative fuel of burning to the operator that report " is provided simultaneously.
At publication number is in the korean patent application of KR 2004/015646A, Bai instructed liquid and vaporized fuel mixed, be transferred in the firing chamber immediately through suction port subsequently.Particularly; Bai discloses jet mixer 1, and it comprises the gas and the liquid fuel mixing tube 15 of the end that is arranged in vaporized fuel supplying pipe 11 and liquid fuel supplying pipe 13, thereby mixes the fuel of supplying with from supplying pipe; Wherein, Gas and liquid fuel mixing tube 15 have a plurality of portalling, and fuel filter 17 is spaced apart from fuel combination, to filter out large particle with mixing tube 15, and fuel combination is transferred to motor through fuel combination supplying pipe 19 subsequently.
Obviously; Fuel additive through suction port or even be introduced under any situation of firing chamber through spray (the more susceptible condition about this combines more existing technology case descriptions hereinafter) discretely from main liquid fuel, not providing can main and less important burning or the method that mixes fully before at injection and combustion incident of liquid and vaporized fuel.
Discuss now fuel additive (for example propane or hydrogen) is introduced in the fuel stream; Particularly; Authorize people's such as Klenk U. S. Patent 6,845,608 and instructed a kind of method that is used for operation of combustion engine; Wherein, at least two kinds of different fuel are fed at least one firing chamber of internal-combustion engine simultaneously.More specifically, Klenk discloses and main from reducing discharging purpose hydrogen and diesel fuel has been sprayed through conventional sparger together, as being the above-mentioned major part " fuel fractionation ".Similarly; Authorize the U. S. Patent 6 of Yang; 427,660 have instructed a kind of compression-ignition engine 7 with at least one firing chamber 10, and this firing chamber 10 has air inlet 14 and exhaust outlet 26; And the dual fuel injector with mixing chamber 46 is provided, and the outlet of this mixing chamber 46 is connected with firing chamber 10 fluids through first valve 54.Liquid fuel line 64 is used for liquid gas is delivered to mixing chamber 46.Liquid fuel line 64 is connected to mixing chamber 46 through second valve 60.Also provide inflammable gas pipeline 56, be used for the inflammable gas of compression is delivered to mixing chamber 46.After first valve 54 was opened, liquid fuel was admitted to firing chamber 10 through the combustible gas of compression.Therefore,, obviously only showed liquid and vaporized fuel, and not have to show and be used in the injection method of additive package and basic fuel fully before in fact by common injection according to such existing technology.
In the existing technology, the additive method that pluralities of fuel is mixed as the normal flow before spraying comprises disadvantageous characteristic, and mixes liquid and vaporized fuel still is not provided substantially in heterogeneity and before injection, keeps this homogeneous expectation means.For example; Authorize people's such as Watanabe U. S. Patent 6; 513,505 have instructed the dispensing conduit 3 through separately to be connected to the sparger 2 on the common rail 4, and from the liquid fuel of liquid fuel case 2 feed-ins with from the mixture of the extra liquid of additional liquid case 9 feed-ins; Wherein, additional liquid case 9 feed-in subsequently is total to rail 4.The extra liquid that is included in the mixture is transformed into its supercritical state, and mixture is ejected into the motor from sparger 2.The inlet of dispensing conduit 3 makes it be opened into the liquid fuel layer with respect to the position that is total to rail 4, and when mixture separation, this liquid fuel layer will be formed in the common rail 4.Therefore; Though instructed fuel element (for example diesel oil or light oil and additive; Additive is water, carbon dioxide, hydrogen and hydro carbons for example, and hydro carbons is ethanol, methane, ethane for example) can be mixed at the upper reaches of fuel injection system, be the gas phase 12 that is arranged in injection pump 6 the place aheads here; But Watanabe also just discloses extra liquid and has remained on its its thermodynamic critical point, perhaps has the characteristics of liquids and gases.In order to keep this supercritical state of fuel additive, Watanabe instructed will be from additive tank 9 to compression pump temperature maintenance 6 the whole fuel line at " the critical temperature T of extra liquid cUnder ", pressure is maintained " on the vaporization of extra liquid (liquefaction) pressure ".In order to achieve this end, the system of Watanabe has increased complexity and thing followed cost.In addition, the physical fuel character of keeping and handle these delicate balance has proposed further challenge in ejecting system, particularly, and in being total to rail 4.The common rail 4 of Vertical direction specially is configured to not only keep actual temp and pressure among the Watanabe; Also allow when tail-off, to separate extra liquid from main liquid fuel (for example diesel oil); Be vaporized fuel (for example rock gas or methane), and diesel oil occupies the bottom space of common rail, thereby diesel oil is at first sprayed; Up to rail preheating altogether; Extra liquid is returned its supercritical state, and two kinds of fuel elements mixing once more to a certain extent subsequently, up to " finally being total to the two-layer disappearance in the rail 4 ".Therefore; Obviously Watanabe is in order to maintain extra liquid overcritical or liquid condition has been introduced relatively costly and complex features in its " fuel-supplying unit "; Watanabe points out to mix mutually with main fuel fully in order to realize; This is necessary; Even instructed clearly " if extra liquid evaporation before it mixes with liquid fuel, perhaps in addition its be transformed into its supercritical state at it after liquid fuel mixes and evaporate before, liquid fuel and extra liquid can not be mixed each other equably ".Watanabe has stated that then " if the extra liquid evaporation, then its volume rises.Therefore, be difficult to supply with fully extra liquid ".Therefore, Watanabe has instructed propellant composition must in whole system, remain on liquid state or supercritical state basically clearly, and when operation, utilizes temperature and pressure, also sprays liquid fuel mixture subsequently thereby mix fully.
Similarly, in the multiple fuel system of another kind of classification, instructed a kind of opposite method in the prior art, wherein, vaporized fuel component (for example propane) becomes main fuel fuel, and liquid fuel (for example diesel oil) is less important igniting or fuel catalyst.For example; People's such as Martin international publication number is that the patent of WO 2008/141390 discloses a kind of ejecting system that is used for such as the high-vapor-pressure liquid fuel of LPG, and this system " remains on the expection running temperature with fuel liquid " through utilizing the high-pressure service pump that can produce 2.5MPa pressure.Fuel can be via axial or bottom feed-in injector by the intake manifold of direct injection cylinder or jet engine, and also can mix with low-steam pressure fuel (for example diesel oil) to be sprayed similarly.But mixing or unmixing fuel high pressure are stored in the accumulator, after a period of time, when restarting motor again, in fuel conversion and assistance maintenance motor operation between injection period.Same sparger can be used to the mixture of any fuel or fuel is sprayed.Therefore, as Watanabe and other people, Martin has also instructed expectation that all propellant compositions are maintained liquid condition all the time, to help before spraying and the mixing of the fuel between injection period and other processing.
Publication number people such as Bysveen is in the U.S. Patent application of US 2008/0022965, has instructed a kind of compression-ignition engine, and it utilizes the operating fuel based on methane, and reuses diesel oil or analog conduct " ignition trigger agent ".Can the fuel and the method for operation motor be used in a series of application, for example, the road surface or the water surface traffic tool perhaps use in static application, for example, and the power station.Just the same with Miller as Watanabe; Bysveen instructed " the pressurized or liquefaction of gaseous fuel; and mix with diesel fuel " (outside the venue) at motor or vehicle; And " premixed fuel 3 is by in the feed-in storage vessel 4, and storage vessel 4 maintains pressurization or liquid condition with fuel " subsequently.In the alternate embodiments of Bysveen, " sparger 206 is configured to receive two kinds of fuel elements and it is introduced in the fuel chambers simultaneously ".Here, with Klenk the spitting image of, for example, " two kinds of components were mixed in sparger before being ejected into the firing chamber immediately, guaranteed the even dispersion of ignition trigger agent in the gas of pressurization or liquefaction ".Therefore, there is not fuel precharge in Bysveen, Klenk and other similar systems, thus; Only common rail can be used, and direct or mechanical atomization can not be used, otherwise; Pump cavitation possibly occur, and in the situation of Bysveen, still need the additional firmware of the form of custom-designed hydraulic jet device; Fully sprayed (that is, can cause the unnecessary steam of vapour lock to generate minimizing) to guarantee liquid-gaseous fuel mixture.Same and Klenk, Holder are the same with other people, and the main purpose of Bysveen also is to reduce to discharge, rather than the lifting fuel efficiency.
Briefly with reference to another PCT patent application; Be similar to Bysveen; The publication number of authorizing Fisher is that the international monopoly of WO 2008/036999 has been instructed bifuel system and assembly, and wherein, liquid LPG and diesel oil mix and is assigned to the firing chamber through being total to rail subsequently.According to the preferred implementation of bifuel system, Fisher thinks and only need slightly change DENG, and need not change the specification of MANUFACTURER.According to Fisher, the final burning of fluid fuel mixture provides more discharging of cleaning and relatively cheap vehicle operating cost, and this is owing in fact used more cheap fuel, and more not high efficiency result.More in detail; Fisher has instructed the liquid diesel and the passive mixing of petrogas in mixing chamber 28 of precharge; Mixing chamber 28 is configured to spherical reservoir; Wherein each fuel stream is introduced into generation eddy flow (swirling) effect from betwixt mountains each other, and " is suitable for the proportional stream of mixed liquefied gas and the proportional stream of diesel oil, thereby forms liquid fuel mixture " thus.Silk screen 61 places mixing chamber 28 " to help the mixing of fuel " or stirs.Fisher has instructed liquid fuel mixture " preferably under high pressure be pumped in the common rail, thereby liquid fuel mixture to remain on liquid condition ".Therefore; The same as Watanabe, Bysveen, Miller with other people; Fisher has also instructed liquid and vaporized fuel will be in liquid condition (for example through enough pressure), all is in liquid state in mixing in disclosed fuel system and the delivery process.The same with other people, Fisher also shows only to pay close attention to and reduces discharging.
Therefore; The existing technology of summing up hereinbefore comprises various systems; Through these systems; Main DENG can be converted under " double fuel " or " many fuel " pattern through following method and move: fractionation liquid fuel (Hilton, Pinotti, Kemmler, Holder and Glenz), add another kind of propellant composition to fuel stream (Klenk, Yang and Watanabe) or suction port (Funk and Bai), perhaps through change effectively fuel and with a small amount of diesel injection in the fuel chambers as catalyzer; Perhaps say with the words of Bysveen; As " ignition trigger agent "; Sometimes be called as " pilot injection ", it is lighted or burns and gets into or directly get into alternative fuel that separate with diesel oil or under pressure, mix the chamber of (Martin, Bysveen and Fisher) with diesel oil (for example rock gas, propane or hydrogen) through suction port.Certainly, under any way, the percentage of diesel oil is made toxic emission reduce, particularly pellet by this alternative fuel replacement in the combustion incident.This also can reduce fuel cost, if alternative fuel is more cheap than diesel oil, although may not necessarily reduce overall fuel consumption or fuel efficiency is provided in fact.Nearest certain methods even suggestion about many fuel injections that preceding text are stressed: such alternative fuel was mixed in somewhere, the upper reaches with diesel fuel before spraying; But these other reference teaches diesel oil remain auxiliary fuel or " ignition trigger agent " with respect to the small scale of alternative fuel; And/or the concrete physical state (for example through the overcritical of sufficiently high pressure or liquefaction) of fuel element remains constant; So that fuel mixes satisfactorily and sprayed (referring to the Ishikiriyama and the Hibino of Watanabe and hereinafter) jointly; Perhaps otherwise be not provided for spraying before the instruction or the structure of homogeneous fuel combination substantially, thereby promote the spraying effect of other primary fuel component of diesel oil or mixture through the even dispersion of gas or lower boiling propellant composition.Particularly about the method for mixes liquid and gaseous state fuel element; Many existing technology reference have all been mentioned the storage space that has " stirrer " (for example silk screen or mixing blade) in " mixing chamber ", " orifice mixer ", " jet mixer ", " choker " or " Venturi tube " or the system, do not have the multicell of reference teaches series connection or are enough to allow vaporized fuel before many fuel mixtures arrive ejecting systems, in liquid fuel, to arrive any concrete geometrical shape or the minimum volume of equilibrium or degree of saturation substantially.
Other illustrative embodiments with respect to multiple fuel system of the present invention; Outside the existing technology that preceding text are discussed; Also have some extra art methods of being worth mentioning, especially they relate to the vaporized fuel additive of use nitrogen as the many fuel mixtures of liquid-gas.
At first, it is known using act as a fuel intrasystem blast or fuel inhibitor of nitrogen (as a kind of inert gasses).For example; At the U. S. Patent of authorizing Susko 6; 634; In 598, instructed in the space on the liquid fuel in aircraft or other vehicle fuel tank the nitrogen that makes with respect to the proper ratio of oxygen, thereby " in burning things which may cause a fire disaster or case, not supporting burning under the invasion of another kind of potential explosive incident ".Susko discloses nitrogenous source self-pressurization case 13, and this pressurized tank 13 and liquid fuel case 11 are communicated with through valve, and based on by certain type of probe in detecting to case in the oxygen content metering lead in the case.Therefore, in this case, obviously, nitrogen is used as combustion inhibitor for security reasons in fuel system, rather than the combustion enhancer of any kind of, does not instruct the fuel additive of nitrogen as reality thus.Be US 2007/0151454 equally and be entitled as the 5th section in the U.S. Patent application of " Mobile Nitrogen Generation Device " referring to people's such as Marwitz publication number.Marwitz has instructed a kind of from the nitrogen of inertia is injected in the boring system that nitrogen is separated with the purpose that prevents igniting and corrosion in the drilling operation from atmosphere substantially.
Therefore; Traditionally; Any type of nitrogen be incorporated into liquid fuel himself, rather than separate the space that exists and be in fuel top as inert gasses and fuel, it has been taught as being chemical compound in a kind of hydrocarbon fuel; Be used for other purposes except that fuel, rather than be mixed into simply in the liquid fuel as " pure " nitrogen N 2Authorizing people such as Tomassen and transferring in the U. S. Patent 5,139,534 of the Shell Oil Company, instructing that a kind of " be used to reduce the diesel fuel additives of dirt of the sparger of DENG, it has general formula at least is CH 3(CH 2) n-A-NH 2The valid density of nitrogen-containing compound, wherein, n is 4-18, A is-CH 2-or-CO-, perhaps its mixture is as the additive in the diesel fuel of the main ratio that comprises diesel oil ".Tomassen has instructed such additive can place mixture, and the scope of diesel oil is per 1,000,000 10-500 parts (ppmw) by weight, although its " can comprising major part (greater than 50%wt) or fraction ".Finally; It is concrete " nitrogen-containing compound " that Tomassen also only discloses any such additive; Rather than nitrogen, its select and ratio be for its in the effectiveness that prevents or eliminate the dirt of sparger (especially injector nozzle), rather than any fuel effect.
Authorize people's such as Drnevich U. S. Patent 6; 343; 462 have instructed a kind of gas turbine system, wherein, " power output increases and the NOx discharging reduces; and use low pressure steam simultaneously to combustion gas turbine through the mixture that adds nitrogen or nitrogen and water vapor, thereby minimize the adverse effect of heat consumption ".Drnevich discloses and can realize stablizing nitrogenous source through any air separation technology; For example: cryogenic rectification, transformation absorption, Vacuum Pressure Swing Adsorption or membrane technology; And nitrogen can be high-purity (being lower than the oxygen of 10ppm) or than low-purity (being lower than 5% oxygen).But it is moistening to the steam between the combustion gas turbine delivery pressure at 30 pounds/square inch (psia) by pressure that Drnevich stresses nitrogen, and nitrogen is overheated to condense before to avoid mixing with main fuel (for example rock gas) at moistening nitrogen.Promptly; In the concrete combustion gas turbine that Drnevich paid close attention to is used; Need moistening nitrogen be mixed (35% rock gas, 32.5% nitrogen and the equilibrirm water steam in the mode of execution of example) with almost equal share with rock gas, thereby the NOx that realizes expectation reduces; Nitrogen especially from its in combustion reaction effects of reduced temperature and be used, this has reduced the formation of nitrogen oxide thus.Therefore, the nitrogen during the combustion gas turbine of Drnevich is used comes down to the carrier as water vapor.Subsequently, again, use nitrogen with purpose with the mode except that the burning of fuel or atomizing, its replace inertia and this character cool off, useful in the non-reactivity.Of Drnevich, this application of nitrogen in combustion gas turbine is known, no matter whether be injected into individually compressor discharge and/or firing chamber still at first be about to burnt fuel and mix mutually.
At last; With reference to a nearest invention; It ad hoc uses with the internal-combustion engine with the operation of diesel oil or Fuel Petroleum, and the international publication number of authorizing people such as Bert is that International Patent Application PCT/EP2007/058668 of WO 2009/024185 relates to " through the vehicle-mounted continuous product hydrogen of ammonia electrolysis ".Bert discloses concrete electrolytic bath " allow vehicle-mounted generation hydrogen: nitrogen mixture, it is used as the combustion improver of internal-combustion engine, main fuel is ammonia or any other fossil fuel, for example methane, gasoline and diesel oil ".Therefore, Bert has instructed a kind of special-purpose hydrogen of vehicle-mounted generation: nitrogen mixture (preferably ratio is 3:1), thereby as the nitrogen of inert gas once more not as fuel additive independently; And in fact, it only as the by-product of hydrogen production process, only produces with the known hydrogen with potential energy; Therefore; Have flammable effect, and only with add such hydrogen: relevant with the nitrogen mixture in the suction port, and not relevant with the liquid fuel pre-spray.
Relate generally to the efficient of internal-combustion engine and/or discharge improved other existing technologies and comprise following technology.
Authorize the U. S. Patent 4,373,493 of Welsh and instructed the method and apparatus that is used to utilize liquid fuel and minimum change standard internal combustion engines of vaporized fuel while.Gaseous state and the fuel supply feed-in of liquid fuel from separating; And in response to engine loading control fuel stream; Thereby when engine idle, under engine action, only vaporized fuel is able to supply with and burning; And when motor moved under loading condition, gaseous state and liquid fuel all were able to supply with and burning.
Authorize the U. S. Patent 4 of van der Weide; 953; 516 have instructed a kind of equipment that is used for the Venturi tube vaporizer of intelligent control vaporized fuel; It comprises pressure regulator, be used for controlling primary throttle valve and the modulating valve in the gas supply pipe between pressure regulator and the Venturi tube of air intake pipe of the output of motor, and this valve is connected to primary throttle valve.Through adjusting this mechanical system that is rich in surplus air-fuel mixture that is used under all situations, providing, only need finely tune and think that motor provides every kind of correct mixture that load/speed condition is required mixture.These demands are stored in the processor, and processor dilutes necessity correction that the gas that sprays in the main Venturi tube is controlled mixture through utilizing some air.For this reason, little Venturi tube places gas tube, sucks the air communication mix air-regulating valve of diluent air, and this valve is controlled with continuous, analogy aptitude manner by processor.Alternatively, be arranged in the O of waste gas 2Sensor can be with the signal back processor.
Authorize a kind of motor of U. S. Patent 5,207,204 instructions of people such as Kawachi, it has firing chamber and the Fuelinjection nozzle that is used for directly injecting fuel into the firing chamber.The auxiliary air supplier provides auxiliary air with the fuel of atomizing by fuel injection valves inject.Control auxiliary air supply pressure, thus it is poor to keep setting pressure between the pressure in auxiliary air supply pressure and firing chamber.Therefore, auxiliary air is supplied to suitable pressure between injection period at whole fuel, thus micronizing injected fuel fully and promote fuel efficiency.
Authorize the U. S. Patent 5,291,869 of Bennett and instructed a kind of fuel supply system that is used for LPG (LPG) fuel of liquid state is offered the intake manifold of internal-combustion engine, it comprises fuel supply assembly and fuel injection mechanism.The fuel supply assembly comprises the fuel rail assembly, and it comprises supplies with and return passage.Fuel injection mechanism is communicated with the supply and the return passage fluid of fuel rail assembly.The LPG that sprays is maintained at liquid state through the cooling with in the fuel injection mechanism along the fuel rail assembly.The fuel that returns in fuel rail assembly and the fuel injection mechanism is used for before the intake manifold that is ejected into motor, effectively fueling being cooled to liquid state.
The U. S. Patent 5,816,224 of authorizing people such as Welsh has instructed a kind of storage, processing and control vaporized fuel to the system of sending that is suitable for simultaneously with the internal-combustion engine power supply unit of liquid fuel and gaseous state operating fuel.This invention provides the control system with the control electromagnetism that floats, this control electromagnetism that floats guarantee dry gas by stable supplying in motor.The sensor of the existing electronic fuel delivery system of this invention use equipment and computer are adjusted in order to compensate to the amount of injection of gaseous fuel and the amount of the liquid fuel of sending.This invention provides the vaporized fuel that is used for double fuel equipment control system, and it is an integrated and compact, and it preferably includes the fuel filling connection that is used for vaporized fuel.This invention also provides the horizontal fuel reservoir of being made up of the parallel conduits of end interconnection, and preferably, it comprises two independently compartments and the pressure release system that is used for allowing to be expanded to from main compartment the release compartment.Level and vertical interchangeable reservoir also are provided, and it has the extension property of filling by weight.
U. S. Patent 6,213,104 state of liquid fuel (for example diesel oil) of having instructed of authorizing Ishikiriyama forms supercritical state through the pressure and temperature of fuel is brought up on critical pressure and the temperature.Then, fuel is with in the firing chamber of supercritical state from the fuel injection valves inject to the motor.When the fuel of supercritical state was ejected in the firing chamber of motor, it formed fabulous even mist in whole firing chamber.Therefore, the burning in the motor is significantly promoted.
Authorizing people's such as Ahern U. S. Patent 6,235,067 has instructed a kind of coal hydrogen fuel that is used for to produce and to extract the scheme of the translation energy that strengthens.In this scheme, hydrocarbon fuel is divided into the nanometer fuel region at nanometer, and each district has the diameter less than 1000 dusts; And no matter be before or after nanometer is cut apart, fuel all is introduced into the firing chamber.In the firing chamber, about at least 50000psi and excitation rise time are at least the shock wave excitation of about 100 nanoseconds and are applied on the fuel.The fuel that is divided into this nanometer quantum limit district can enable the quantum mechanics condition, and wherein the translation energy pattern of fuel is exaggerated, and the average energy of translation energy pattern level is higher than the average energy of not cutting apart fuel of macro-size thus.For instance, the burning of the fuel that this nanometer is cut apart provides the translation energy that strengthens to extract through reciprocating piston, because only the translation energy pattern of combustion products helps the momentum transfer with piston significantly.What this invention provided has strengthened translation energy extraction and exchange through following method as the shock wave excitation in the burning that is applied to any fuel (preferably being applied to the fuel that nanometer is cut apart) during burning: strengthen the translation energy mode amplitude in the fuel, and arrive other energy models considerable transformation of energy of increase from the translational mode to the piston before in burnt fuel balance translation energy again.
Authorize people's such as Hibino U. S. Patent 6,584,780 and instructed a kind of system that stores the methyl gas of compact dissolution and supply with the gas of predetermined composition.Container 10 storage is dissolved in the methyl gas in the varsol and it is supplied to the device that is used to adjust composition, realizes the purpose that adjustment is formed through this device.Preferably, the device of adjustment composition is the device that is used for fuel tank is maintained supercritical state, or with the pipeline 48 of extraction of substance in predetermined ratio gas phase 12 from container and the liquid phase 16.
Authorize people's such as Baker U. S. Patent 6,761,325 and instructed a kind of dual fuel injection valve, it is ejected into two kinds of different fuel in the firing chamber of internal-combustion engine discretely and independently.First kind of fuel is delivered to injection valve with jet pressure, and second kind of fuel is brought up to jet pressure or is delivered to injection valve with jet pressure through the strengthening agent that provides in the injection valve.Electronic control valve control is arranged in the hydraulic pressure in the control room of injection valve.The pressure of the hydraulic fluid in these control rooms is used for activating independently the outer needles of hollow, the injection of first kind of fuel of this outer needles control.Internal needle is positioned among the outer needles, the injection of second kind of fuel of its control.The outer needles pair base related with injection valve closed, and the internal needle pair base related with outer needles send and close.
People's such as Hoenig publication number is that the U.S. Patent application of US 2007/0169749 has been instructed a kind of fuel injection system that is used to inject fuel into internal-combustion engine; It comprises at least one fuel injector and the first fuel partition line, and this first fuel partition line is connected at least one fuel injector.The second fuel partition line is passed through independently, and corresponding spray gun is connected with at least one fuel injector.
People's such as Futonagane publication number is that the U.S. Patent application of US 2008/0029066 has been instructed the fuel injector 1 in a kind of internal-combustion engine; Wherein, be arranged in the fuel flow channel 25 of the medial compartment 20 that connects two shape type three-way valve 8 and charged piston 17 by the medial compartment control valve 26 that is total to the fuel pressure control in the rail 2.When the fuel pressure in the common rail 2 was in the high pressure side fuel region, charged piston 17 was by these medial compartment control valve 26 operations, and when the pressure in the common rail 2 was in the low voltage side fuel region, the operation of charged piston 17 was stopped by this medial compartment control valve 26.
Therefore; The existing technology of summing up in the preceding text comprises various systems; Through these systems, main DENG can be converted into " double fuel " or " many fuel " mode operation through following method: the fractionation liquid fuel, with another kind of propellant composition add to fuel stream or suction port, or change effectively fuel and with a small amount of diesel injection in the fuel chambers as catalyzer.Instructed nitrogen to use simultaneously with other main fuels with different capabilities; But because the character of its inertia; No matter be as the safety inerting agent, as the on-gaseous compound additive that is used for anticorrosion ability or with denitrogenate that (it provides quality or energy for the fuel incident; For example water or hydrogen) in addition " fuel " combines, but obviously never as the independent fuel additive that is used for flammable effect, no matter is vehicle-mounted generation or supplies with from pressurized tank.
Up to now, be unrealized and still need simple and economical relatively effective motor fuel enhanced system, can pass through this system improving efficient.The present invention has catered to this demand and related advantages as mentioned below further is provided.
Summary of the invention
All aspects of of the present invention have been instructed some benefit in construction and the use, and it has produced exemplary advantage hereinafter described.
Mode with general introduction; All aspects of of the present invention relate to the fuel enhanced system that homogenizes; It comprises that at least one is present in the outside circulation loop of ejecting system, is used for removing any demand of engine injector system (no matter mechanical atomization still is total to rail) and circulates continuously to the sending of engine injector system and keep the homogenieity of many fuel mixtures, and this fuel enhanced system that homogenizes also comprises at least one intrusion pipe that is configured at least one circulation loop; Be used to provide volume expanded; Wherein, fuel mixture can be slowly and is more effectively injected and absorb, and realizes high relatively homogenieity thus.Other modification of the configuration of these two assemblies and quantity also are possible, and do not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Other aspects of the present invention relate to the fuel combination that is particularly useful for controlling to motor vehicular metering, mix and send.In addition, additional assemblies can combine with any such fuel enhanced system that homogenizes for example to be used to the accumulator and the fuel cooling installation that meet the pressure and fluctuate to realize additional or miscellaneous function convertibly.
Explain in more detail that according to hereinafter in conjunction with accompanying drawing, other feature and advantage of All aspects of of the present invention will become more clear, accompanying drawing shows the principle of All aspects of of the present invention in an exemplary fashion.
Description of drawings
The accompanying drawing of enclosing has been described each side of the present invention, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the schematic representation of illustrative embodiments of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic representation of Alternative exemplary mode of execution of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the Zoom Side diagrammatic sketch according to the exemplary fuel-device that homogenizes of the All aspects of of this aspect;
Fig. 4 is its plan view;
Fig. 5 is its worm's eye view;
Fig. 6 is its side view in use;
Fig. 7 is the schematic representation of another Alternative exemplary mode of execution of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the schematic representation of another Alternative exemplary mode of execution of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the schematic representation of another Alternative exemplary mode of execution of the present invention;
Figure 10 is the schematic representation of another Alternative exemplary mode of execution of the present invention;
Figure 11 is the schematic representation of another Alternative exemplary mode of execution of the present invention;
Figure 12 is the schematic representation of another Alternative exemplary mode of execution of the present invention;
Figure 13 is the homogenize enlarged side view of fuel-device of the Alternative exemplary of the All aspects of according to the present invention;
Figure 14 is the schematic representation of another Alternative exemplary mode of execution of the present invention;
Figure 15 is the schematic representation of another Alternative exemplary mode of execution of the present invention;
Figure 16 is the homogenize enlarged side view of fuel-device of another Alternative exemplary of the All aspects of according to the present invention;
Figure 17 is three flow charts that the fuel-device that homogenizes is installed in series of Figure 16;
Figure 18 is the amplification stereogram of the exemplary flow rate control gear of the All aspects of according to the present invention;
Figure 19 is the viewgraph of cross-section of the flow control device of Figure 18 19-19 intercepting along the line;
Figure 20 is the schematic representation of another Alternative exemplary mode of execution of the present invention;
Figure 21 is the schematic representation of another Alternative exemplary mode of execution of the present invention; And
Figure 22 is the enlarged side view that the exemplary capillary of the All aspects of use according to the present invention is oozed out equipment.
Embodiment
Above-mentioned accompanying drawing has been showed All aspects of of the present invention with at least a illustrative embodiments, and the All aspects of of these mode of executions are described in more detail below.
Subject of this patent application is the improved fuel enhanced system in various mode of executions substantially, and it uses with internal-combustion engine or based on the similar devices of the open text of the application of reference in the preceding text.Therefore; Although this paper illustrate with other illustrative embodiments of describing especially pay close attention to fuel enhanced system assembly and fuel mixture mixing, circulate and send relevant concrete aspect; But specifically under the situation that is total to rail or mechanical atomization DENG; Those skilled in the art will recognize that; The present invention can and possibly work with various existing motor, engine fuel system and fuel known or exploitation afterwards or discovery, therefore the invention is not restricted to the mode of execution that specifically illustrates and describe.In addition, it should be understood that the application in full and the employed word of existing application " fuel " of reference comprise any combustible substance or any auxiliary with certain mode, strengthen or the material of influence burning.In addition; " vaporized fuel " is construed as under atmospheric conditions or under atmospheric pressure and zero degrees celsius, is in any " fuel " material of gaseous state; For example; Generally speaking air or propane, do not consider that vaporized fuel maybe be on any specified point in delivery of fuel system, sparger or the fuel chambers of motor; The phase or the state that perhaps in the instantaneous improved fuel enhanced system that homogenizes, can reach are as will be from recognizing being explained in more detail of the each side of the present invention hereinafter listed.
Substantially; The All aspects of of this fuel system that homogenizes relate at least one circulation loop that is positioned at outside the ejecting system; Be used for removing any demand of engine injector system (no matter still rail altogether of mechanical atomization, or other present like this systems known or subsequent development) and circulate continuously outside the sending of engine injector system and keep the homogenieity of many fuel mixtures, the fuel system that homogenizes also comprises at least one intrusion pipe that is configured at least one circulation loop; Be used to provide volume expanded; Wherein, fuel mixture can be slowly and is more effectively injected and absorb, and realizes high relatively homogenieity thus.Other modification of the configuration of these two assemblies and quantity also are possible, and do not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Other aspects of the present invention relate to the fuel combination that is particularly useful for controlling to motor vehicular metering, mix and send.In addition, additional assemblies can combine with any such fuel enhanced system that homogenizes for example to be used to the accumulator and the fuel cooling installation that meet the pressure and fluctuate to realize additional or miscellaneous function convertibly.
Now at first with reference to Fig. 1 and 2; Show the illustrative embodiments of the fuel enhanced system 20 that homogenizes that is used for using of each side, mainly will be described in more detail below at each different mode of execution aspect the fuel system control gear (electronics is with mechanical) according to the present invention with " rail altogether " DENG.As the ABC of problem; Be illustrated as the part of whole accompanying drawing substantially although notice a plurality of engine packs; For example common rail, sparger, fuel filter, diesel fuel tanks and the elevator pump of fuel channel and associated fuel line and like; These all assemblies or its any modification or substitute all can use (no matter installing in factory still is to buy at after-market) with the present invention, and do not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Therefore; Although these assemblies are illustrated as the part of whole fuel system in different accompanying drawings; But it should be understood that; The present invention is not limited thereto significantly, and does not have claim to relate to these standard packages of motor, and these standard packages are in this article only simply as the background of the fuel enhanced system that homogenizes of the present invention.In addition,, also can use the modification of other motors now known or following exploitation, include but not limited to the gasoline direct injection motor although combine diesel engine to illustrate and described illustrative embodiments particularly.
In first illustrative embodiments of Fig. 1; Show whole fuel system 20; It comprises the diesel fuel tanks 30 and pressurization propane case 40 with elevator pump 32 substantially; Diesel fuel tanks 30 and pressurization propane case 40 all feed-in represent with label 50 substantially and comprise that in the circulation loop of intrusion pipe 70, one or more circulation loops define the fuel enhanced system that homogenizes that circulation loop 50 is total to rail 90 with the ejecting system of motor and is communicated with through fuel filter 99 fluids herein with sparger 91.In more detail, via the pressure feed diesel fuel of elevator pump 32 with about 5psi, all these equipment all are the factory's installed device or the configurations separately as illustrated in fig. 1 for ease that can be contained in certainly in the case 30 to diesel fuel tanks 30 through fuel line 31.Subsequently, diesel fuel can arrive another circulation loop via fuel line 33 and send pump 34, and in the exemplary embodiment, this pump rises to about 15-20psi with diesel fuel.Be to be appreciated that; It can be any any fluid pump known now or that develop in the future that circulation loop is sent pump 34; And it is arranged to suitable pressure and power consumption and is suitable for diesel oil and other this light oil fuels; Fluid pump includes but not limited to: be located at the turbo type of the Robert Bosch Co., Ltd manufacturing of Michigan state Farmington Hills, gear, blade; Or roller vane pump; Perhaps be configured to be suitable for the patent positive-displacement pump of liquid state-gaseous fuel mixture, as the US Airflow of California state Vista make perhaps can positive-displacement pump, its pump technology is the U. S. Patent 7 of authorizing on May 25th, 2010; 721,641 and the theme of numerous common pending application application (including but not limited to: PCT application US2005/018142 that submits on May 23rd, 2005 and the PCT application US2008/012533 that submits on November 6th, 2008 and any national phase application case that comes from these applications).In alternate embodiments, one or more such pumps of sending can be multistage, perhaps can be in groups or tandem arrangement with the pump amount and the supercharging of realizations needs.Use includes but not limited to the pulse-width modulator (not shown) in system arbitrarily or all these send pump and other recycle pumps, high pressure positive displacement pump or similar pump any suitable device known or exploitation in the future capable of using drives and controls.Get back to fuel enhanced system 20; In first illustrative embodiments; The flow transducer 43 of online (in-line) is provided between diesel fuel tanks 30 and circulation loop 50, has also had and connect that circulation loop is sent the fuel line 35 of pump 34 and flow transducer 43 and from another fuel line 41 of the fuel line 51 of flow transducer 43 to circulation loop 50.In addition, propane case 40 supplies to flow control valve 44 with propane through fuel line 37, and flow control valve 44 supplies to fuel line 41 with propane through fuel line 38 subsequently, the diesel fuel that fuel line 41 is carried like flow transducer 43 meterings.Preferably, propane case 40 is adjusted to than the big at least approximately pressure minimum of 10psi of the pressure in the fuel line 41 of propane feed-in (in the exemplary embodiment, once more, about 15-20psi), thus propane with the pressure of about 25-30psi by feed-in.Flow control valve 44 is by micro-processor control device 45 or similar device control; Control gear 45 can be equipment any known or that develop in the future; Be used for electronic control valve or other this flow-control equipments; And can be according to the data action that receives from various inputs, input includes but not limited to flow transducer 43, throttle sensor or other monitoring equipments with mode work known in the art of illustrative embodiments.Therefore; Those skilled in the art will recognize that; Although the first exemplary fuel enhanced system 20 in conjunction with Fig. 1 illustrates and described the exemplary electronic metering control, the present invention is not limited to this, otherwise; Can comprise any of these assembly of various combinations and configuration, and not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention.In the exemplary embodiment, the fuel in the fuel mixture when mixing by volume ratio be diesel oil greater than 90 (90%) percent, the propane less than 10 (10%) supposes that mixed pressure is nominal 80psi.Substantially, mixed pressure is high more, and the ratio of vaporized fuel and efficiency gain are high more to a certain extent, thereby will recognize, also can use when mixing or the intrasystem more high pressure in mixing back, and not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Those skilled in the art also will recognize; Although two kinds of concrete propellant compositions are described as and comprise fuel mixture (being liquid diesel fuel and gaseous propane) and in concrete proportion; But the invention is not restricted to this; And this paper can use the various combination and the ratio of various other fuel with the fuel enhanced system that homogenizes of the each side according to the present invention, and does not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention, as hereinafter the Alternative exemplary mode of execution of Fig. 9-12 of discussion confirms.No matter propellant composition is with which kind of mixed; Be to be appreciated that; The data setting that utilization is received based on its flow transducer 43 from the diesel fuel line by micro-processor control device 45 and the ratio of regulation with and have pass through the final control that flow control valve 44 is delivered to the propane of diesel fuel; Actual ratio in fuel mixture or ratio almost do not change, and this situation remains unchanged at run duration substantially.And; Although flow control valve can " always be opened " and the propane flow through wherein increases or reduce with respect to being measured and the diesel fuel of report remains on the desired proportion by flow transducer 43 through fuel line 41; In a preferred embodiment; Flow control valve 44 switches between " opening " and " pass " through micro-processor control device 45 simply; " opening " frequency and the endurance of propane " pulse " is confirmed by the flow velocity of diesel fuel once more; Thereby the diesel oil-propane ratio of final fuel mixture is constant substantially; And only the total measurement (volume) of this mixture is heightened and is turned down in engine demand (promptly by the diesel fuel demand of the throttle position decision of the jet pump 95 in control downstream and therefore aspect the flow velocity of the diesel fuel of case 30, having upper reaches effect, as flow transducer 43 records) by system responses.Therefore, will recognize, and through increasing the fuel enhanced system 20 that homogenizes of the present invention, not influence the basic operation of the delivery of fuel system of motor, this fuel enhanced system 20 that homogenizes operates in outside the factory installation in fact and is independent of the factory installation operation.Although specific electron control apparatus group operationally with shown in customized configuration connect and combine Fig. 1 to be described; And the circulation loop 50 to fuel enhanced system 20 measures and sends the liquid state-gaseous fuel mixture of fixed ratio substantially; But those skilled in the art will recognize that; Can use many other control apparatuss with various combination, thereby measure and control the mixing of two or more fuel compositions effectively, and not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Continuation is with reference to figure 1, and particularly, exemplary diesel oil-propane fuel mixture arrives circulation loops 50 through fuel line 41, and wherein fuel line 41 gets into fuel line 51 with three-port structure, and fuel line 51 is returned unnecessary fuel being used for from jet pump 95 and circulated once more.Fuel line 51 is communicated with pin 61 fluids of going into of optional heat exchanger 60, and heat exchanger 60 has one or more zigzag pins 62 through before the going out pin 63 and get into another fuel line 52 of circulation loop 50 of heat exchanger 60.Comprise in the illustrative embodiments of such heat exchanger 60 at circulation loop 50, should be appreciated that extra fluid path and the surface area of the increase that brings thus has cooling effect to it at fuel mixture through wherein the time.In the present invention; This expects; Be not only owing to known and burn (promptly to help more stable and more complete downstream with respect to the fuel temperature that temperature maintenance is lower under the cover of vehicle; Reduce the inlet fuel temperature FT that reduces had correlation effect), and reduce discharging and motor loss thus.The fuel temperature that reduces in the circulation loop 50 is also expected under concrete condition of the present invention; This is because it is relevant with intrusion pipe 70; In the illustrative embodiments of Fig. 1 and 2; The downstream that intrusion pipe 70 is right after heat exchanger 60 are provided with, and wherein, fuel mixture is slowed down; And based on the flow rate of liquid in the volume expansion of intrusion pipe 70 dynamic (its more contents combine Fig. 6 to describe hereinafter); Also cooling and perfusion in liquid fuel composition (here being diesel oil) of fuel mixture, especially gaseous component (here being propane), the fuel mixture that causes homogeneous substantially thus through circulation loop 50 remaining part and make it can be used for the common rail 90 of motor.In addition, cooling this diesel oil-propane fuel mixture has reduced the water vapor generation of system effectively as illustrative embodiments, helps to prevent vapour lock thus.Therefore; To recognize; Substantially, be installed in the circulation loop 50 to be used at the fuel mixture circulation time in use be useful with the heat-exchange apparatus of some types of its cooling, especially the intrusion pipe 70 in novelty is also included within the situation in the circulation loop 50 of the present invention.Therefore; Also will recognize,, the invention is not restricted to this although combine the illustrative embodiments of Fig. 1 and 2 to illustrate and described the heat exchanger 60 of radiating fin form; Alternatively; Can comprise any heat exchanger known or that develop in the future, if any, and not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention; Heat exchanger includes but not limited to the optional heat-exchanger fin 89 (Fig. 3-6) on the intrusion pipe 70 that is formed on, as replenishing or replacement any other heat exchanger in the fuel enhanced system 20 or cooling equipment.Like preceding text briefly descriptively, what the downstream of heat exchanger 60 were right after is intrusion pipe 70, utilizes the inlet duct 75 (Fig. 3-6) of intrusion pipe 70 and the pin 63 that goes out of heat exchanger 60 to interconnect as one of whole circulation loop 50 a part of fuel line 52.Subsequently, fuel mixture is through intrusion pipe 70 and flow out outlet pipe 76 (Fig. 3-6) down, describes outlet pipe down hereinafter independently in further detail.In a word; Because the geometrical shape of intrusion pipe 70 and the final fluid dynamic effect in the fuel mixture and be filled into effectively or be distributed in the whole liquid fuel component, liquid state-gaseous fuel mixture is in intrusion pipe 50 (it is the volume expanded of special configuration in the circulation loop 50), to become substantially to homogenize along with the vaporized fuel component.Through outer pipe 76 (Fig. 3-6) be present in the intrusion pipe 50 homogenizing substantially and relatively colder fuel mixture arrives fuel filters 99 through fuel line 53 subsequently.From fuel filter 99 beginnings; Fuel mixture is subsequent to arrive recycle pump 93 through only outlet fuel line 92; Recycle pump 93 rises to fuel mixture the nominal pressure of about 60psi before along the jet pump 95 of fuel line 94 arrival motors at fuel mixture; In the configuration of exemplary co-rail diesel engine, jet pump 95 is brought up to fuel mixture about 25, the working pressure of 000psi.The required fuel mixture of motor 96 is delivered to common rail 90 from jet pump 95 along fuel line; And unwanted fuel or the fuel that exceeds the current demand of motor circulate along the fuel line 51 that is communicated with jet pump 95 fluids equally through circulation loop once more; Thus; Go back through aforesaid heat exchanger 60 and intrusion pipe 70 circulations, simultaneously extra fuel mixture gets into circulation loop 50 by demand and before heat exchanger 60, adds the fuel of recirculation.One of skill in the art will appreciate that recycle pump 93 and jet pump 95 can be any known or exploitation in the future be used to send the pump type with the pressurized fuel mixture, these two pumps are factory's installed device in this article.Since install and configuration in factory, when motor moves, recycle pump 93 and all operations continuously of jet pump 95.Therefore; From these purposes; Be important to note that fuel enhanced system 20 and the intrusion pipe 70 of homogenizing of the present invention is used for effectively the vaporized fuel component being mixed and being filled into the liquid fuel component with the operation of that kind As described in detail below as stated, thereby final circuit, the mixture of homogeneous is by the remaining part of system and send with jet pump and be regarded as liquid effectively substantially.To recognize that also the circulation loop 50 that this paper illustrates and describes is dynamical systems, it mixes and the circulating fuel mixture continuously, does not have static state operation, header tank, dead band or the analog of the circulatory system of existing technology thus.In addition; Through outside the ejecting system of motor, existing effectively and operation; Circulation loop 50 once more not only can be continuously and dynamic circulation, also therefore can be with under the liquid state of the fixed ratio of homogeneous substantially and the low pressure administrative situation and high-pressure situations that the gaseous state fuel element maintains common rail 90.Standard in these motors of many co-rail diesel engines and other is the same, from the not use and the unsealing fuel of rail 90 and individual injectors 91 are fed back to fuel filter 99 with further recirculation and use along overflowing port fuel line 97 and 98 respectively altogether.Similarly; Of the present invention another be to include accumulator mechanism 84 (Fig. 3) with intrusion pipe 70 relevant new features; This accumulator mechanism 84 comprises that at its base portion being used to make fuel (fuel is quickened by accumulator mechanism 84) to flow out intrusion pipe 70 also exports 82 (Fig. 3) through the unsealing of the unsealing line of return 68; In the exemplary embodiment, the unsealing line of return 68 inserts elevator pump 32 and circulation loop with three-port structure and sends fuel line 33 between the pump 34 further to handle.Finally; The illustrative embodiments of Fig. 1 also comprises bypass fuel line 65; It starts from circulation loop with three-port structure and sends the fuel line 35 between pump 34 and the flowmeter 43, and is directly connected to filter 99, walks around flowmeter 43 and fuel additive source 40 and whole circulation loop 50 thus; And if other positions of feasible fuel enhanced system 20 go wrong thus, and the common rail 90 of pure diesel oil to motor can directly be provided.Control diesel oil is online pressure switch or safety check 66 through the parts of the operability flow velocity of bypass fuel line 65; Its only the pressure in valve 66 downstream sides (be the pressure in the fuel filter 99 or lead to recycle pump 93, jet pump 95 and final fuel line 92 of leading to rail 90 altogether in pressure) be reduced to send pump 34 regulations by circulation loop the bypass fuel linear pressure (at this; Be approximately 15-20psi, the expression motor do not obtain enough fuel for some reason) under the time just open.One of skill in the art will appreciate that by this way the fuel enhanced system 20 that homogenizes of the present invention has the automatic anti-fault pattern of operation; Wherein, If any downstream fault takes place any assembly in the circulation loop 50, on relation line, have obstruction, perhaps do not have fuel additive (that is, propane case 40 is that sky or pressure are low) simply again, system 20 will only get back to simply and move with diesel fuel; Thereby along with it transforms back into its original " only diesel oil " fuel system; Motor or vehicle will continue not interrupt or operation constantly, and unfavorable factor only is factory's fuel mileage, rather than realize the mileage that strengthens through enforcement of the present invention.In fact in factory's fuel system equipment (it offers the bypass of this " automatic anti-fault " fuel with it simply and routinely) outside operation and be independent of the fact of its operation, recognized this effect once more considering fuel enhanced system 20 of the present invention.To recognize that also although illustrated and described the concrete layout and its connectivity through a plurality of fuel line segments of fuel system components with respect to the illustrative embodiments of Fig. 1, the present invention is not limited to this.In addition, these assemblies with provide it to be connected and the means of mutual operability can be taked various configurations, and do not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Once more, because Fig. 1 is the schematic representation of a kind of fuel system mode of execution of the each side according to the present invention, not strict relative size and the shape of following various assemblies only is the principle of the fuel system that homogenizes of the present invention and the example of characteristic and be construed as.The replacement of the various replacement assemblies of the same function that therefore, rises in fact and illustrate and describe is possible in the present invention and obviously falls into its scope.
Now briefly with reference to figure 2; Show the alternate embodiments of fuel system 20 of the present invention; Its fuel system that is used for using with co-rail diesel engine with Fig. 1 is very similar, and wherein, the fuel element of circulation loop 50 has metering machinery rather than electronics and sends control.Particularly; Not the micro-processor control device 45 that is operably connected to flow transducer 43 in the diesel fuel line; Neither flow control valve in propane fuel line (Fig. 1), the substitute is the metering pump 36 of the fuel element that is used for the follow-up mixing of machinery metering.Here, circulation loop is sent pump 34 and is utilized fuel line 35 to lead to the metering pump 36 from case 30 diesel fuel.Respectively, the propane vaporized fuel of pressurized tank 40 supplies leads to metering pump 36 via fuel line 37 with suitable adjusting pressure (being fixed in the scope of 30-80psi).Metering pump is used to utilize any pump technology known or exploitation in future mechanically to measure and Medium diesel oil and propane, possibly relate to a plurality of discrete pump or piston units that are subordinated to conventional driving, thereby mechanical effectively once more metering is through wherein each kind of propellant composition.That is to say; In the Alternative exemplary mode of execution, the geometrical shape of metering pump 36 and mechanical movement will be set or fixedly diesel oil is with respect to the volume ratio of propane with mode known in the art, and metering pump 36 will be heightened or turn down based on the demand of motor subsequently; Perhaps simple " opening " or " closing "; As hereinafter will be comprehensively as described in, and do not change the actual ratio or the ratio of the composition in the fuel mixture, it keeps constant substantially.Those skilled in the art will recognize that metering pump 36 and can be tied in a plurality of controls known or exploitation in the future or the measuring equipment, for example downstream mechanical pressure shape, flow measurement meter, throttle sensor or microprocessor electric control device (example of back is the electro-mechanical control system that makes up effectively) with respect to the operation of the total volume of the fuel mixture that is delivered to circulation loop 50.Under the mechanical switch situation, will recognize that it can move in metering pump 36 self; Operation as triggering in intrusion pipe 70 by the position of accumulator piston 85, one or more pressure, position or near switch (hereinafter will combine Fig. 3 to describe in detail); Perhaps in the fuel line downstream of as directed metering pump 36, move simply.Particularly; In the exemplary embodiment; First fuel line 38 of coming out from metering pump 36 is used for the metered delivery of diesel fuel; And second fuel line 39 of the separation of coming out from metering pump 36 is equally carried propane or other vaporized fuel components, and the vaporized fuel component is also by metering mechanically and also do not mix with diesel oil.In this mode of execution; Preferably; Pressure switch 42 places certain position of first fuel line 38 before mixing point of carrying liquid diesel fuel; First fuel line 38 inserts second fuel line 39 at this mixing point, this can so that the feedback ratio of natural fuel system requirements through the monitoring fuel line in or in the fuel line of downstream the pressure of (liquid state-gaseous fuel mixture circulated therein) more accurate and consistent.Once more; Those skilled in the art will recognize that; Although illustrated and described machinery metering, perception and the control of fuel mixture and the multiple modification of delivery program; But the invention is not restricted to this, on the contrary, but the present invention can relate to various other known or these assemblies that operational effect is provided of exploitation in the future.Under any circumstance, exemplary diesel oil-propane fuel mixture arrives the further processing of circulation loop 50 to carry out combining Fig. 1 to describe as the preceding text from metering pump 36 and first and second fuel line 38 and 39 through single fuel line 41.Heat exchanger 60 is shown in circulation loop 50 once more; And be positioned at before the entrance and downstream intrusion pipe 70 of the additional fuel mixture that is used for supplying with, will recognize once more also and can in the fuel enhanced system 20 that homogenizes of the present invention, be used alone or in combination other this cooling equipments by fuel line 41.
With reference now to Fig. 3-6; For display structure and function better, show the various enlarged diagrams of the intrusion pipe 70 of Fig. 1 and 2, will recognize; As illustrated; Therefore Fig. 3-6 needn't draw in proportion and should be as accurate schematic representation, especially about the size of intrusion pipe and ratio (for example: length, width, wall thickness, etc.).In addition, these schematic representation are represented the total and the running principle of novel intrusion pipe 70, and this intrusion pipe 70 is fuel enhanced system 20 parts of the present invention, the part of circulation loop 50 specifically.
At first, in Fig. 3, show the schematic enlarged cross-sectional view of intrusion pipe 70.In the exemplary embodiment; Can find out that intrusion pipe 70 comprises ring-type tube wall 71 substantially; It is covered by annular upper wall 72 and ring-type lower wall 80 at every end, annular upper wall 72 and ring-type lower wall 80 in the inside of tube wall 71 with mode known in the art by at least one fixedly O shape ring 83 sealing.In upper wall 72 and the lower wall 80 one or two is can be with tube wall 71 in aggregates or can be forever or be installed in removedly in the tube wall 71, thereby utilizes any package technique known or exploitation in the future to form intrusion pipe 70.Package technique includes but not limited to extruding, interference fit, threaded joint, splicing, welding, clasp or other mechanical fasteners or holder, etc.In the exemplary embodiment; Clasp 79 is configured to be engaged in each groove (not shown) that is formed on the tube wall 71; Thereby each end wall 72,80 restriction is leaned against the stepped shoulder on each end that is formed on tube wall 71; Temporary transient thus fixes end wall 72,80 with mode stable and sealing, still allow to remove like a cork relatively one or two inner member with maintenance or inspection intrusion pipe 70 in the end wall 72,80 simultaneously.For example; In the exemplary embodiment; The lower end that the accumulator mechanism that is represented by label 84 substantially is installed in intrusion pipe 70 is near lower wall 80 places; Accumulator mechanism 84 comprises piston 85, and this piston 85 is slidingly mounted in the intrusion pipe 70 and to upper offset (or towards upper wall 72) through being installed in the spring between piston 85 and the lower wall 80.Elastomer seal or piston ring 87 are fixed in the piston 85, and are engaged in tube wall 71 slidably and hermetically.Piston ring 87 can be taked any suitable shape and can be processed by any suitable material known or exploitation in the future, includes but not limited to nitrile butadiene rubber O shape ring, lip seal or U cup piston seal.Therefore, accumulator mechanism 84 and piston 85 define upper space or the perfusion volume 88 of intrusion pipe 70 on piston 85 between piston 85 and upper wall 72, and sidepiece is limited the part of tube wall 71.To recognize; Perfusion volume 88 will fluctuate according to the pressure (particularly) in pressure in the circulation loop 50 (substantially) and the intrusion pipe 70; Spring 86 absorbs these variations and is used for through accumulator piston 85 suitable pressure is applied to upper volume 88 fuel mixtures (no matter the component of mixture how) any preset time, and its detailed content will combine Fig. 6 to specifically describe hereinafter.To recognize that for instance, the commercially available bladder-type accumulator of separation can replace accumulator mechanism 84, and does not break away from the spirit or scope of the present invention.In exemplary piston type accumulator 84; Except that pressure or other are used for the measurement of system data of the metering of fuel mixture and feedback of sending and control; For instance; Can at least a portion of piston 85, use ferromagnetic material; And at least one corresponding position known in the art or configurable in the tube wall 71 of intrusion pipe 70 near switch, thus the relative vertical motion as the indicator of circulation loop pressure and motor fuel demand of piston 85 in intrusion pipe 70 can be determined and be communicated to control apparatus, and control apparatus is microprocessor 45 (Fig. 1) or metering pump 36 (Fig. 2) for example.Continuation is with reference to figure 3; In the exemplary embodiment; On upper wall 72, be formed with two holes or first and second upper channels 73,74 entrance and exit with the fuel that passes through circulation loop 50 that is used separately as intrusion pipe 70, although will recognize in alternate embodiments, can more than altogether two passages; And one or more inlets or outlet can be positioned on the tube wall 71; Rather than be positioned on the upper wall 72, for example as Fig. 1-2 and 7-10 schematically show, thus exemplary configurations should to be regarded as only be exemplary.The entrance and exit of the intrusion pipe 70 of property mode of execution on the other hand as an example; Relatively short inlet duct 75 is illustrated as the inside that is installed in first upper channel 73; And pipe 76 is illustrated as and is installed in second upper channel 74 under the relatively long outlet; Explanation once more, its more contents will be described below.In a word; In the exemplary embodiment; The fluid passage of the perfusion volume 88 of inflow and outflow intrusion pipe 70 comprises that the mobile also downward light pressure resistance against accumulator mechanism 84 of inlet duct 75 that passes through passes through infusion containers 88; Up to arrival outer pipe bottom or inside end 78, thereby upwards arrive outer pipe 76 and flow back to circulation loop 50.As hereinafter will combine Fig. 6 description and more fully recognizing; So part by longer outer pipe 76 with respect to inlet duct 75 delimit (thus; Inlet duct bottom end 77 delimited in the spatial position on the outer pipe bottom end 78) fluid passage created the dynamic flow effect in the volume expanded of intrusion pipe 70 or perfusion volume 88; It causes the perfusion of liquid state-gaseous fuel mixture and the mixing that homogenizes substantially; And not necessarily need pressure or the pressure of himself in the circulation loop pressure to be enough to any vaporized fuel component in the liquefied fuel mixture, will recognize that this has huge advantage in practice.In the exemplary embodiment, intrusion pipe 70 is configured to have the tube wall of being processed by steel or extruded aluminium 71, and its nominal outside diameter is two inches (2 "), and nominal inside diameter is one and 7/8ths inch (1-7/8 "), and total length is approximately 21 inches (21 ").Alternatively; Tube wall 71 also can be formed by inner Steel Sleeve (being used for wear-resisting or other reasons) and external compression aluminium; In such mode of execution; Inner sleeve can push a short appropriate amount than external aluminium, thereby sleeve pipe self forms the upper and lower shoulder, and upper and lower wall 72,80 can be resisted against on the said shoulder.Upper and lower wall 72,80 is formed by aluminium or steel disk, and its external diameter is slightly larger than the internal diameter of tube wall 71, thereby is fixed on as described above on the shoulder of upper and lower.The thickness of upper wall 72 is approximately two and 1/2nd inches (2-1/2 "), and the thickness of lower wall 80 is approximately one and 1/2nd inch (1-1/2 ").The piston 85 of accumulator mechanism 84 also is steel or aluminium dish, and its external diameter approximates the internal diameter of tube wall 71 greatly, and thickness is approximately one and 1/2nd inch (1-1/2 ").Spring 86 is the wind spring of one inch of nominal (1 "), and its static length is approximately 4 inches (4 ").Spring 86 center capable of using double-screw bolt (not shown) are maintained at the position that is positioned at piston 85 and/or lower wall 80 centers substantially.Be positioned at piston ring 87 on the piston 85 and be by what nitrile butadiene rubber was processed and be nominally 3/8ths inches (3/8 ") thick U cup piston rings.Based on above-mentioned exemplary dimensions, will recognize that nominal or the car space that limits the perfusion volume 88 in the intrusion pipe 70 is approximately 11 and 1/2nd inches (11-1/2 ").What extend into this volume lengthwise is outer pipe 76, the designated length of (11 ") that its base portion from upper wall 72 begins to have about 11 inches, thus between the lower end 78 of outer pipe 76 and accumulator piston 85, have the headroom of about 1/2nd inches (1/2 ").Outlet down pipe 72 is that nominal outside diameter (O.D.) is that 1/2nd inches (1/2 "), internal diameter (I.D.) are the steel pipe of 7/16ths inches (7/16 ").And the approximate nominal of exemplary intrusion pipe 70 or static perfusion volume 88 are 32 cubic inches of (32in 3) (volume=length x surface area=11.5in.x (Π x (.94in.) 2)) (do not consider piston 85 move or by outer pipe 76 self occupied can ignore volume (that is, its wall), about two cubic inches of (2in relatively 3)).Fluid displacement in the outer pipe 76 is compared around the volume of the remaining part of outer pipe 76 with intrusion pipe 70; To recognize; Because these two volumes equate to a great extent; The speed or the speed that flow into and flow out intrusion pipe 70 can equate substantially, and since outlet down the volume of pipe 76 become more and more littler with respect to whole volume, along with fuel mixture flows out; Its speed will have the trend that accelerates, and its more contents are described in detail with respect to " refluence " intrusion pipe 770 that substitutes of Figure 16 hereinafter.Still with reference to the structure and the operation of the figure 3 and the first exemplary intrusion pipe 70, fuel mixture is in the high-voltage tube feed-in perfusion volume 88 of 1/2nd inches (1/2 ") through nominal I.D..Fuel mixture flows out and gets into intrusion pipes 70 and perfusion volume 88 through inlet duct 75 from fuel line 52 (Fig. 1 and 2), and inlet duct 75 is through the expansion of the intrusion pipe 70 from the fuel line of about 1/2nd inches (1/2 ") I.D. to about 2 inches (2 ") I.D..This expansion and length subsequently are (before flowing out through outer pipe 76; Fuel mixture along this length downwards through perfusion volume 88) have an effect of slowing down and pouring into fuel mixture; As hereinafter combine Fig. 6 in more detail as described in, do not have of extra work and the loss of too much limited flow rate to cause systematic back pressure and recycle pump; Certainly, keep to reduce overall power, can also help to avoid pore to form through enough circulation loop flow velocitys of system's (comprising one or more intrusion pipes 70).The All aspects of and the principle that those skilled in the art will recognize that fuel enhanced system 20 of the present invention (relevant with intrusion pipe 70) are limited to concrete exemplary geometry and the structure that illustrates and describe especially never in any form; It should be understood that it only is exemplary; Otherwise; Can take various other configurations, and not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention, with further recognizing this point with the alternative intrusion pipe relevant description of configuration that combines Figure 11 to describe through hereinafter.Relatively, represent the how much such of exemplary intrusion pipe 70, will recognize that the length over diameter ratio that pours into volume 88 is approximately five to one (5:1) (about 10 inches long to about 2 inch diameters) like another kind.Although various other configurations are in the present invention available; But preferably; The length over diameter ratio remains in the scope of measuring of about five to one (5:1) obtaining desired effects, and intrusion pipe 70 amplifies or dwindles according to using (total fuel mixture of expectation is through measuring) simply subsequently.Under any circumstance; Length over diameter ratio in the illustrative embodiments " is measured scope " and will be risen to 30 to one (30:1) from approximately two-to-one (2:1), explains that once more about five to one (5:1) are preferred in exemplary fuel enhanced system 20.
With reference now to Figure 4 and 5,, show the top and the bottom view of intrusion pipe 70 respectively.In Fig. 4,, can find out that the inlet duct 75 in the illustrative embodiments is positioned at the center of upper wall 72 substantially from top view intrusion pipe 70, and outlet down pipe 76 is parallel substantially with inlet duct 75 and setover from inlet duct 75.The fluid connection effect of this special location of entrance and exit pipe 75,76 will combine Fig. 6 to describe equally hereinafter and obtain best understanding.The worm's eye view of Fig. 5 and Fig. 3 show unsealing outlet 82 together; It is installed in the radial offset location of the base wall 80 of intrusion pipe 70; To recognize that the exact position of unsealing outlet 82 is arbitrarily in many cases, as long as it does not interfere the operation of the bias spring 86 of accumulator mechanism 84.Fig. 1 explained in combination like preceding text; With the purpose of further recognizing unsealing outlet 82 is to allow by piston 85 (particularly; Piston ring 87) any fuel mixture that spills is collected and is returned in the circulation loop 50; In the illustrative embodiments of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, this is the inlet side realization of sending pump 34 through the line of return 68 and circulation loop.About fuel mixture through the piston 85 of accumulator mechanism 84; Those skilled in the art will recognize that also this fuel mixture that comprises light oil fuel (for example diesel oil) will have lubricating effect concerning the moving member of intrusion pipe 70; Moving member promptly makes progress in pipe 70 and moves downward and by the piston 85 of tube wall 71 limited boundaries.
With reference now to Fig. 6,, show the schematic cross-sectional view of intrusion pipe 70, it has showed flow and the hydrokinetics of fuel mixture when it moves through the intrusion pipe 70 as the part of circulation loop 50 (Fig. 1 and 2).Along with the perfusion volume 88 that gets into intrusion pipe 70 substantially by the fuel mixture of label 22 expressions through inlet duct 75; In the exemplary embodiment; Mixture 22 is liquid state-gaseous mixture; Be that diesel oil adds propane, nominal pressure is approximately 20psi, therefore far below the pressure of propane at atmospheric pressure (approximately 125psi) phase transition process of experience from the gaseous state to the liquid state.Therefore, particularly, in the time of when mixing and circulation time and in introducing intrusion pipe 70, liquid state-gaseous fuel mixture continues to have at least a gaseous component.Therefore, as Fig. 6 schematically showed, along with fuel mixture 22 gets into inlet duct 75, it comprised big relatively bubble 23, bubble 23 expression gaseous propane.But,, therefore produce eddy current effect downwards shown in the arrow among Fig. 6 28 because the fluid that gets into disperses the fluid that Already in pours in the volume 88 along with fuel mixture 22 flows in the perfusion volume 88.In addition; The liquid opposing bubble 23 that descends like this is to the trend that rises; This action makes bubble 23 division, arrives the bottom of perfusion volumes 88 and begins upwards through exporting down pipe 76 and leaving intrusion pipe 70 up to mixture 22, and the bubble of being represented by label 24 substantially is less relatively now; Its expression has been dispersed in the propane in the diesel fuel fully, to form the liquid state-gaseous fuel mixture 22 of homogeneous substantially after leaving intrusion pipe 70 in that kind as shown in arrow 29.In more detail, propane or the bubble 23 of other vaporized fuel of expression in the fuel mixture breaks after getting into intrusion pipe 70 effectively, and this is owing to the capillary shearing stress that overcomes bubble in the liquid, makes bubble break and reduces the bubble size thus.Eddy current in the intrusion pipe 70 makes liquid resist himself, creates the turbulent mixture reaction.In the design, through being introduced the top of intrusion pipe 70, fuel mixture deliberately strengthened this reaction, and this provides a kind of bubble to attempt the environment that rises against the liquid state that flows downward-vaporized fuel stream.Finally; Realized controlled relatively, repeatably bubble size is cut apart and is reduced to aspiration level and fully the gaseous state bubble is mixed in the fuel stream or it is distributed to the program in the liquid composition of fuel mixture; Thereby after liquid fuel injects, the result of a large amount of atomizings of the expectation in fuel self is provided, rather than has attempted from external action fuel (as the designing institute of existing technology is attempted).One of skill in the art will appreciate that along with fuel mixture 22 through intrusion pipe 70, therefore intrusion pipe 70 has numerous physical effects useful to fuel mixture 22, all in fact effects are all by the geometry and configuration defined of intrusion pipe 70.Once more, get into perfusion volume 88 along with fuel mixture 22 leaves inlet duct 75, it has experienced volume expanded, and this expansion is used to slow down and cools off fuel mixture 22.It promotes the perfusion program independently, and particularly, promotes the trend that the vaporized fuel component is shunk.As stated, the trend that the fuel mixture 22 that flows downward also rises through inertia and frictional effects opposing bubble.Once more; The bubble of decline fuel mixture and rising compile the cascading effect that trends towards causing repetition; It further mixes with controlled turbulent mixing process or the stirring fuel mixture; Minimize the loss of any unnecessary heat or additional-energy thus, produce the liquid state-gaseous fuel mixture that homogenizes substantially simultaneously.Therefore, one of skill in the art will appreciate that in the exemplary embodiment that physics, the spatial arrangement of inlet duct 75 on the bottom 78 of pipe 76 under the outlet caused above-mentioned fluid path and final mixed effect.To recognize; Although intrusion pipe 70 is illustrated as vertical substantially; Other separately towards or with intrusion pipe 70 and assembly (particularly the entrance and exit pipe 75,76) thereof other how much combine towards being possible, thereby keep the relative position of bottom 77,78 and still obtain above-mentioned final fluid flow dynamics.Those skilled in the art also will recognize; Accumulator mechanism 84 combines with other characteristics of intrusion pipe 70 and keeps conforming pressures wherein during volume 88 to move through perfusion at fuel mixture 22, and accumulator also is used for tackling in known manner pressure surge and the analogue in the whole circulation loop 50.Therefore; Through accumulator mechanism 84 is positioned in the intrusion pipe 70; Still realized its benefit for circulation loop 50 and whole fuel enhanced system 20; Also realized the additional functionality relevant simultaneously, and eliminated needs the independent accumulator element of other positions in the system with the fuel combination mixture 22 of homogenizing.Therefore, the intrusion pipe-accumulator structure that one of skill in the art will appreciate that the effective combination that is positioned at fuel enhanced system 20 of the present invention has advantage on numerous levels.
More generally; To recognize; Volume expansion that intrusion pipe provides and resultant turbulent flow and melange effect will make it possible to carry out liquid and gaseous state fuel element fully or the mixing of homogeneous substantially; And do not have cost and the complexity under elevated pressures and/or temperature; Thereby with one or more fuel elements maintain supercritical state or through pressure force the vaporized fuel component with before the liquid fuel component is mixed, among or become liquid state afterwards, as institute's broad in the existing technology before the injection fully with these fuel be mixed together in the normal flow only have the method effective.As stated, particularly, the present invention does not revise ejecting system or sparger; Therefore in the exemplary embodiment; Have the reinforcement design, it does not influence the ejecting system hardware of vehicle and the Security or the exhaust apparatus of electronic control or factory's installation, but will recognize; The fuel enhanced system of each side also can be used as factory's installation according to the present invention; Rather than (wherein, whole delivery of fuel and ejecting system can be by the modify or the repackings, and it is implemented also within the spirit and scope of the present invention) of installing in the Component market.Under any circumstance; In case such liquid state-gaseous fuel mixture mixes according to aspects of the present invention fully; And particularly; In case the operation that vaporized fuel is formed as described above through intrusion pipe 70 is poured or is distributed in the liquid fuel component, and after the fuel mixture that the sparger 91 through any amount in a usual manner will be derived from fuel enhanced system 20 of the present invention sprays, be maintained homogenised mix substantially through being positioned at the outer continuous circulation loop 50 of ejecting system; To recognize once more that the gaseous component of fuel mixture will have atomizing effect on the liquid fuel component.That is to say that after spraying, fuel mixture will experience instantaneous pressure and fall, under the situation of common rail motor, from about 25,000psi is reduced to about 300psi in the firing chamber.This causes the vaporized fuel component to be expanded more fiercely; And because it mixes substantially in fuel mixture with homogenizing or disperses; The vaporized fuel component makes the liquid fuel atomizing subsequently or disperses the liquid fuel in the whole firing chamber apace, thereby realizes all even substantially burning completely.Again, in the present invention, realized this effect, and need not keep the high circulating pressure or the supercritical state of instructing like existing technology.Outside this physics spraying effect, a kind of fuel element also can play a role in improvement in performance to other chemistry or the catalytic effect that a kind of component produces.Final result is during each combustion process, from fuel mixture, to have extracted more energy; Make that thus the motor operation is more efficient; Gain perhaps can realize higher gain in some cases about 30 percent to absolutely (30-100%).In addition; This actual gain manner in office does not have a negative impact to discharging, and in the method for existing technology, discharging is conventional balance; The more perfect combustion of conventional liquid fuel based on hydrocarbon causes unburned carbon still less to be discharged from; And because the not increase in fact of burning and EGT, if any, such as nitrogen oxide (NO x) and carbon dioxide (CO 2) other dischargings of not expecting also reduced or remained on the acceptable level in the actual gain substantially keeping at least generally.And as described herein, this effect is regarded as Component market " reinforcement " and installs; Even when whole motor designs around principle of the present invention, under the situation that does not influence efficient, can realize better emission result.
With reference now to Fig. 7-10,, show the various alternate embodiments of the fuel enhanced system 120 of each side according to the present invention, it is applied to machinery or direct injection DENG now.In this case; Although will recognize that the fuel system equipment that factory installs (this equipment on rail motor is different together for they) can be checked and launch can fuel line or circulation loop pressure, other mode of executions are shown and described to be merely through example shows that fuel enhanced system 120 of the present invention can effective other modes.Therefore, once more, the present invention should be understood that to be not limited to any embodiment or engine application, otherwise, the fuel enhanced system 120 that homogenizes that the present invention more extensively can use with various motors known now or that develop in the future with relate generally to.Through further general view; To recognize that Fig. 7 and 9 relates to the alternative many fuel mode of execution under the direct injection situation; Wherein, Circulation loop 150 through outside first illustrative embodiments that is similar to Fig. 1 of electronic control and the ejecting system that is positioned at motor measures and the fuel combination component, and Fig. 8 and 10 shows to be similar among Fig. 2 the mode of rail situation altogether and mechanically measures the mode of execution with the fuel combination component.Be respectively that the Fig. 7 that substitutes in electronics or the mechanical control situation is similar with Fig. 8 (as in the mode of execution of Fig. 1 and 2) aspect following: single liquid fuel (for example diesel oil) of planting is planted vaporized fuel (for example propane) mixing forming the fuel mixture that finally is delivered to fuel channel 190 with single, and is respectively that Fig. 9 and Figure 10 of alternative electronics or mechanical control situation is similar aspect following: multiple vaporized fuel component (for example: propane, hydrogen and air) and list kind liquid fuel component (in the exemplary embodiment or diesel oil) are mixed.Those skilled in the art will recognize once more; Although show the concrete combination of liquid and gaseous state fuel element; But fuel enhanced system 120 of the present invention is not limited thereto, otherwise it can use with unlimited in fact multiple fuel and fuel mixture known or exploitation in the future effectively.
With reference now to Fig. 7; Show the schematic representation of the Alternative exemplary mode of execution of the electronic type control system that is used for diesel oil-propane fuel mixture; This fuel mixture will be delivered to the direct-injection engine with fuel channel 190; This fuel channel 190 has independently piston 192 so that fuel is delivered to individual injectors 191 (for easy, only illustrating) with mode known in the art via line 206.Fuel enhanced system 120 of the present invention comprises flow transducer 143; It is online between diesel fuel tanks 130 and circulation loop 150, also comprises connecting that circulation loop is sent the fuel line 135 of pump 134 and flow transducer 143 and from another fuel line 141 of the fuel line 151 of flow transducer 143 to circulation loop 150.In addition, propane case 140 provides propane through flow control valve 144, and this flow control valve 144 offers the fuel line 141 of carrying diesel fuel with gaseous propane subsequently as flow transducer 143 is measured.Once more; Preferably; Propane case 140 is adjusted to than the big at least approximately pressure minimum of 10psi of the pressure (being approximately 40-50psi) in the fuel line 141 of propane feed-in, in the illustrative embodiments that substitutes, based on boost in pressure is sent pump 134 to the diesel fuel tanks elevator pump 132 of about 10psi with motor elevator pump or the circulation loop of the about 40psi of boost in pressure; Therefore, the pressure in the propane case 140 in the alternate embodiments preferably is adjusted to 60-100psi.Once more, one of skill in the art will appreciate that above-described pump and pressure only are that elevator pump 132,134 can be factory's installed device from the purpose of showing.Once more; Flow control valve 144 is by micro-processor control device 145 or similar device control; Control gear 145 can be equipment any known or that develop in the future; Be used for electronic control valve or other this flow-control equipments, and can be according to the data action that receives from various inputs, input includes but not limited to the flow transducer 143 of illustrative embodiments.Therefore; Those skilled in the art will recognize that; Although the Alternative exemplary fuel enhanced system 120 in conjunction with Fig. 7 illustrates and described the exemplary electronic metering control, the present invention is not limited to this, otherwise; Can comprise any of these assembly of various combinations and configuration, and not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Continuation is with reference to figure 7, and particularly, exemplary diesel oil-propane fuel mixture arrives first circulation loop 150 through fuel line 141, and fuel line 141 inserts the fuel line 151 of circulation loop 150 at this with three-port structure.Fuel line 151 combines the pin fluid of going into of the heat exchanger 160 of Fig. 1 and 2 description to be communicated with optional like preceding text; And be communicated with another fuel line 152 fluids of circulation loop 150; This fuel line 152 is delivered to intrusion pipe 170 with fuel mixture; Once more, as stated, this intrusion pipe 170 comprises the cooperation aspect the pressure surge in handling first circulation loop 150 of built-in accumulator mechanism 184.In addition; The fuel mixture that leaves intrusion pipe 170 arrives first recycle pump 193 through the fuel line 153 that remains first circulation loop, 150 parts; In the exemplary embodiment, this first recycle pump 193 cycles through first circulation loop 150 with fuel mixture with the nominal pressure (being limited like elevator pump 132,134) of about 60psi and any back-pressure in the system simply.Fuel mixture leaves first recycle pump 193 through fuel line 194; Fuel line 194 feed-in high pressure positive displacement pump 200 (as the case may be; It is pressurized to about 250-500psi with mixture) or feed-in second circulation loop 250 fuel channel 190 of the demand feed-in motor of motor (particularly, based on).In the exemplary embodiment, the suitable positive-displacement pump 200 that is configured to be applicable to this liquid state-gaseous fuel mixture be the US Airflow of California state Vista make perhaps can positive-displacement pump.In the exemplary embodiment, " opening/closing " of positive-displacement pump 200 operation is by pressure switch 204 controls in the pump that is arranged in fuel 202 200 downstream, and switch 204 also can be flow restriction switch or any other switch known or that develop in the future.Positive-displacement pump 200 unwanted unnecessary fuel mixtures are discharged to fuel line 151 in first circulation loop 150, to continue circulation with three-port structure from fuel line 194 simply.Once more; To recognize; Fuel mixture is circulation and mixing continuously; Especially it maintains the state of homogeneous substantially through the passage of intrusion pipe 170 with liquid state-gaseous fuel mixture, even need not make loop 150 interior pressure be higher than the pressure phase transition of the gaseous component (being propane) of mixture here.Once more, first circulation loop 150 is present in the outside of engine injector system fully, and as stated, this has many advantages.On the other hand; The required fuel mixture of motor 202 is delivered to second recycle pump 195 from high pressure positive displacement pump 200 along fuel line; Via fuel line 196 feed-in fuel channels 190, fuel mixture is finally sprayed with mode known in the art by sparger 191 this second recycle pump 195 subsequently subsequently.The inlet side that turns back to passage 190 from the untapped of fuel channel 190 or unsealing fuel is to be used along overflowing port fuel line 197 once more; Thereby form second circulation loop 250 in fact; To recognize that second circulation loop 250 is with the pressures cycle of fuel mixture with about 400psi of being limited high pressure positive displacement pump 200; And be fed back to first circulation loop 150 with further circulation and utilization along overflowing port fuel line 198 in fact from the untapped or unencapsulated fuel of individual injectors 191; Line 198 inserts the fuel line 141 in diesel oil flowmeter 143 downstream with three-port structure, and though be before the propane access point or after.The present invention is to comprise therein accumulator mechanism 184 with intrusion pipe 170 another relevant novel features; This accumulator mechanism 184 comprises the unsealing line of return 168; In the exemplary embodiment, this line of return 168 takes back case elevator pump 132 and circulation loop with three-port structure and sends fuel 133 between the motor elevator pump that pump 134 or factory install further to handle.Similarly, in fact another novel features of the present invention be in first and second circulation loops 150, the second accumulator mechanism 284 between 250, thus with known substantially mode just to the pressure surge in second circulation loop 250.Here; Particularly; Insert the fuel mixture feed-in accumulator upside (wherein fluctuation by piston 285 like spring 286 to upper offset ground absorbed) of the fuel line 252 of fuel line 197 with about 400psi with three-port structure, any seepage flow through piston 285 flows out the second accumulator mechanism 284 through the fuel line in the fuel line 151 that inserts first circulation loop 150 with three-port structure 168 simultaneously.Therefore, will recognize that the pressure difference (it is above following with 60psi to be approximately 400psi) of the second accumulator mechanism, 284 both sides makes accumulator as design, carry out, still catch simultaneously and any fuel that utilizes piston 285 infiltration when moving again.Finally; The mode of execution of Fig. 7 also comprises bypass fuel line 165; It starts from circulation loop with three-port structure and sends the fuel line 135 between pump 134 and the flow transducer 143; And being directly connected to fuel line 196, fuel via in second recycle pump, the 195 feed-in fuel channels 190, is walked around flowmeter 143 and fuel additive source 140 and whole first circulation loop 150 through this fuel line 196 thus; And if other positions of feasible fuel enhanced system 120 go wrong thus, and the fuel channel 190 of pure diesel oil to motor can directly be provided.Control diesel oil is online pressure switch or safety check 166 through the operability flow velocity of bypass fuel line 165; Its only the pressure in valve 166 downstream sides (being about to the pressure of delivery of fuel in the fuel line 196 of fuel channel 190) be reduced to send pump 134 regulations by circulation loop the bypass fuel linear pressure (at this; Be approximately 50-60psi, the expression motor do not obtain enough fuel for some reason) under the time just open.Those skilled in the art will recognize that; By this way; The fuel enhanced system 120 that homogenizes of the present invention has the automatic anti-fault pattern of operation, wherein, if any downstream fault or other problems take place in any assembly in the circulation loop 150; System 120 only will get back to simply and move with diesel fuel, thereby motor or vehicle will continue operation interruptedly.
With reference to figure 8, show another alternate embodiments of fuel enhanced system 120 briefly, wherein, under the direct injection situation, use control machinery rather than electronics, all the other are similar to Fig. 7.Here, as combining the description of Fig. 2 under the common rail system situation in the preceding text, in the exemplary embodiment, metering pump 136 mechanically measures diesel oil and propane fuel.As slight change to the system of Fig. 2; Metering pump 136 shown in Figure 8 not only measures but mixes two kinds of propellant compositions within it, thereby wall scroll fuel line 141 is come out and this fuel mixture is sent the fuel line 151 to first circulation loop 150 from metering pump 136.In this mode of execution, metering pump 136 can comprise on the line relevant with the liquid fuel composition integrally that suitable pressure switch or analog are mechanically to control above-mentioned metering and mixed process.
With reference now to Fig. 9 and Figure 10; Show the schematic representation of another illustrative embodiments of the fuel enhanced system 120 of the each side according to the present invention, wherein, multiple vaporized fuel component is introduced into and is filled in the diesel fuel; Rather than the only a kind of component in the previous illustrative embodiments, i.e. hydrogen.At first; In the mode of execution of Fig. 9; The electronic control that relates to metering process once more shows diesel fuel tanks 130 once more, from the diesel fuel of this diesel fuel tanks 130 with the pressure of about 50-60psi through elevator pump 132 with send pump 134 and be provided for flow transducer 143.In response to the flow of diesel fuel, with in flow transducer 143 and the alternate embodiments here first, second with the 3rd flow control valve 144,244 and 344 respectively the micro-processor control device 145 of electronic communication optionally control respectively from first, second and the 3rd case 140,240 and 340 releases to the vaporized fuel composition of common fuel line 141.Therefore, every kind of appropriate amount vaporized fuel component and liquid diesel fuel micro-processor control device 145 based on the control of the diesel oil data on flows that receives from flow transducer 143 under and mix.Therefore; To recognize once more; Fuel enhanced system 120 of the present invention can be mixed a kind of or a plurality of liquid fuel component with one or more vaporized fuel components pro rata and controllably mutually, thus the combination in any of these fuel can be mixed be maintained the mixture that utilizes each side of the present invention of homogeneous substantially.In the illustrative embodiments of Fig. 9, three casees 140,240 and 340 supply to diesel fuel to form liquid state-gaseous fuel mixture with propane, hydrogen and air.To recognize that for instance, these casees can be substituted to generate hydrogen vehicle-mountedly by the electrolysis unit (not shown) arbitrarily; Perhaps be the filtration inlet that environment is opened simply under the situation of air; To suck surrounding atmosphere, again, it is controlled respectively by flow control valve 244,344.Therefore; Although three casees 140,240 and 340 have been shown in the schematic representation of Fig. 9; To recognize to the invention is not restricted to this that on the contrary, the present invention can comprise various other vaporized fuel component storage known or exploitation in the future and/or generation equipment; And these equipment can be any amount, and do not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Briefly with reference to Figure 10; Show the another alternate embodiments of fuel enhanced system 120 of the present invention; Wherein, in the gaseous propane, oxygen and air metering and the mixes liquid diesel oil propane 130 that are used to from case 140,240 and 340, used mechanical metering pump, rather than electronic control system.Fuel mix can be different with the concrete configuration of the ratio of the type that forms liquid state-gaseous fuel mixture, mixing and pressure and one or more circulation loop and intrusion pipe, and do not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Therefore; Those skilled in the art will recognize that and under various configurations that exceeds the illustrative embodiments that illustrates and describe and situation, to use All aspects of of the present invention, thereby fuel enhanced system of the present invention should be understood that to be not limited to any embodiment that this paper describes and illustrates.
Below with reference to Figure 11 and 12; Through further displaying All aspects of of the present invention; Show another exemplary fuel enhanced system that homogenizes; Its use with shown in Fig. 1-10 with the two or more dissimilar intrusion pipes of describing of intrusion pipe, and use nitrogen as vaporized fuel component (no matter being) from pressurized tank or vehicle-mounted generation equipment.As the ABC of problem, should be understood that use the intrusion pipe of varying number and configuration and can't help to use the nitrogen that can be used as vaporized fuel to decide, vice versa.And it only is from the purpose of showing these directions that this two place in the example system formerly of Fig. 1-10 changes the system that is attached to Figure 11 and 12.Once more; Example system comprises nitrogenous source (for example case or vehicle-mounted generation equipment); Before direct injection, the nitrogen that will mix with diesel fuel will be provided; Its remaining part through system produces the diesel oil-nitrogen fuel mixture that homogenizes substantially, and this mixture is sprayed subsequently in a usual manner, and nitrogen has spraying effect and promoted combustion efficiency thus the diesel oil in the firing chamber.As previously mentioned; Additional assemblies can combine with any such multiple fuel system to realize additional or miscellaneous function convertibly; Additional assemblies is for example: one or more liquid or gaseous fuel supply bins, be used for being metered in fact the flow control system (machinery or electronics) of the vaporized fuel of liquid fuel and to the line of return (wherein the vaporized fuel additive can be discharged or give vent to anger, and its detailed content is described hereinafter) of " open loop " configuration of liquid fuel case.
In the illustrative embodiments of Figure 11; Show whole fuel system 420; It comprises diesel fuel tanks 430 substantially, and diesel fuel tanks 430 has equal the feed-in elevator pump 432 and pressurization nitrogenous hood 440 of the circulation loop of label 450 expressions substantially, and fuel system 420 also comprises a pair of intrusion pipe 470; Herein, circulation loop 450 is communicated with sparger 491 fluids with the common rail 490 of the ejecting system of motor through fuel filter 499.In more detail; Diesel fuel tanks 430 utilizes elevator pump 432 with the pressure of about 5psi diesel fuel to be supplied with through fuel line 431; These equipment all are factory's installed device, and it can be contained in the case 430 or (for for simplicity) such separate configurations shown in figure 11 certainly.Diesel fuel leads to a series of circulation loops via fuel line 433 subsequently to be sent in the pump 434, and in the exemplary embodiment, this circulation loop is sent pump 434 diesel fuel is risen to about 60-100psi.To recognize depend on and use and engine parameter that pressure range can significantly change, thereby described pressure and whole pressure should be understood that it only is exemplary.Send pump 434 although show two in the exemplary embodiment, also can use one or three or more a plurality of pump, and not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention, as the alternative exemplary mode of execution of the Figure 12 that will describe through hereinafter is recognized.To recognize; One or more circulation loops are sent the fluid pump that pump 434 can be any known or exploitation in future; It is arranged to suitable pressure and power consumption, and is applicable to diesel oil and other this light oil fuels, and fluid pump includes but not limited to: the turbo type that is located at the Robert Bosch Co., Ltd manufacturing of Michigan state Farmington Hills; Gear; Blade, or roller vane pump, perhaps as the US Airflow of California state Vista make perhaps can the positive-displacement pump that is configured to be suitable for liquid state-gaseous fuel mixture.In alternate embodiments, one or more such pumps of sending can be multistage, perhaps can be in groups or tandem arrangement with the pump amount and the supercharging of realizations needs.Use includes but not limited to the pulse-width modulator (not shown) in system arbitrarily or all these send pump and other recycle pumps, high pressure positive displacement pump or similar pump any suitable device known or exploitation in the future capable of using drives and controls.Get back to fuel enhanced system 420; In this illustrative embodiments; Online flow transducer 443 is provided between diesel fuel tanks 430 and circulation loop 450, and it can be positioned at the one or more upper reaches or downstream of sending pump 434, is illustrated as the upper reaches of the pump 434 that is positioned at fuel line 433 herein.Another fuel line 435 is sent the fuel line 451 that pump 434 is connected to circulation loop 450 with circulation loop.In addition, exemplary nitrogenous hood 440 supplies to flow control valve 444 with nitrogen through fuel line 437, and supplies to the fuel line 441 of carrying the diesel fuel that is measured like flow transducer 443 through fuel line 438 subsequently.Preferably, nitrogenous hood 440 is conditioned than the big at least approximately pressure minimum of 10psi of the pressure in the fuel line 441 of nitrogen feed-in, illustrative embodiments or, it is approximately 60-100psi.Flow control valve 444 is by micro-processor control device 445 or similar device control; Control gear 445 can be equipment any known or that develop in the future; Be used for electronic control valve or other this flow-control equipments; And can be according to the data action that receives from various inputs, input includes but not limited to flow transducer 443, throttle position switch or other monitoring equipments with mode work known in the art of illustrative embodiments.Therefore; Those skilled in the art will recognize once more, as from Fig. 1,2 and 7-10 and conspicuous, although combine the exemplary multiple fuel system 420 of Figure 11 to describe and show the exemplary electronic measure control; But the present invention is not limited to this; Otherwise, can comprise any of these assembly of various combinations and configuration, and not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention.In the exemplary embodiment, suppose that mixed pressure is nominal 100psi, the fuel in the fuel mixture when mixing by volume ratio be diesel oil greater than 90 (90%) percent, the nitrogen less than 10 (10%).Those skilled in the art will recognize that; Although two kinds of concrete propellant compositions are described to comprise fuel mixture (being liquid diesel fuel and gaseous nitrogen) and in concrete proportion; But the present invention is not limited to this; And this paper can use the various combination and the ratio of various other fuel with the fuel enhanced system that homogenizes of the each side according to the present invention, and does not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Continuation is with reference to Figure 11, and particularly, exemplary diesel oil-nitrogen mixture arrives circulation loops 450 through fuel line 435, and wherein, fuel line 435 gets into fuel line 451 with three-port structure, and fuel line 451 is returned unnecessary fuel being used for from jet pump 495 and circulated once more.Fuel mixture is subsequently through a series of intrusion pipes 470 (being two) in the exemplary embodiment; Its structure and advantage both explained in first to file what be incorporated herein by reference, and the intrusion pipe group that also combines to use in the alternate embodiments of Figure 12 of following description is explained.In a word; In one or more intrusion pipes 470 (each intrusion pipe 470 specifically all is configured in the expansion of circulation loop 450 inner volumes); Disperseed along with the vaporized fuel component is poured in the liquid fuel component or in whole liquid fuel component as being caused by the geometry of intrusion pipe 470 and the final hydrodynamic effect in the fuel mixture at least in part effectively, liquid state-gaseous fuel mixture slows down and becomes substantially and homogenizes.Therefore, intrusion pipe 470 also has cooling effect to fuel, outer wall that also can be through the fin (not shown) being placed each pipe or even independently the heat exchanger (not shown) through other positions of the system of being combined in strengthen cooling effect.Arrive fuel filters 499 through fuel line 453 subsequently from homogenizing substantially of coming out of intrusion pipe 470 and colder relatively fuel mixture.Subsequently; Fuel mixture arrives recycle pump 493 from fuel filter 499 through outlet fuel line 492 is only arranged; This recycle pump 493 was promoted to fuel mixture the nominal pressure of about 150psi before its jet pump 495 through fuel line 494 arrival motors; In exemplary co-rail diesel engine configuration, jet pump 495 is promoted to fuel mixture the working pressure of about 25000psi.Once more, it should be understood that these all pressure only are exemplary and do not limit the present invention in any way.The required fuel mixture of motor is delivered to common rail 490 from jet pump 495 along fuel under high pressure line 496; And unnecessary fuel or the fuel that exceeds the current demand of motor circulate along the fuel line 451 that is communicated with jet pump 495 fluids equally through circulation loop once more; Thus; Go back through aforesaid intrusion pipe 470 circulations, simultaneously extra fuel mixture gets into circulation loop 450 by demand and before intrusion pipe 470, adds the fuel of recirculation.One of skill in the art will appreciate that recycle pump 493 and jet pump 495 can be any known or exploitation in the future be used to send the pump type with the pressurized fuel mixture.Once more; The operation of fuel enhanced system 470 of the present invention and preceding text and the one or more in greater detail intrusion pipes 470 of hereinafter is used for effectively the vaporized fuel component being mixed and being filled into the liquid fuel component; Thereby final circuit, the mixture of homogeneous is recognized the relevant operation and the advantage of circulation loop simultaneously once more by the remaining part of system and send with jet pump and be regarded as liquid effectively in another alternate embodiments substantially.Finally; The illustrative embodiments of Figure 11 also comprises bypass fuel line 465; It starts from the fuel line 433 between elevator pump 432 and the flowmeter 443 with three-port structure; And be directly connected to filter 499, walk around flowmeter 443 thus, one or morely send pump 434, fuel additive source 440 and whole circulation loop 50, and " automatic anti-fault " be provided thus.To recognize that also although illustrated and described the concrete layout and its connectivity through a plurality of fuel line segments of fuel system components with respect to the illustrative embodiments of Figure 11, the present invention is not limited to this.In addition, these assemblies with provide it to be connected and the means of mutual operability can be taked various configurations, and do not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Once more, because Figure 11 is the schematic representation of a kind of fuel system mode of execution of the each side according to the present invention, not strict relative size and the shape of following various assemblies only is the principle of the fuel system that homogenizes of the present invention and the example of characteristic and be construed as.The replacement of the various replacement assemblies of the same function that therefore, rises in fact and illustrate and describe is possible in the present invention and obviously falls into its scope.
With reference now to Figure 12,, show the schematic representation of another illustrative embodiments of the multiple fuel system 520 of each side according to the present invention, this multiple fuel system is used for using with " rail altogether " DENG.In illustrated embodiment; Ejecting system comprises that solenoid or old-fashioned HEUI (hydraulic electronic unit injectors) type sparger 591 or any other are for the responsive relatively sparger of pressure (especially back-pressure); Thereby the line of return 597 is illustrated as with external pressure and leads back case 530, and its detailed content is described hereinafter.As the ABC of problem; Although should be noted that this Alternative exemplary mode of execution of the fuel enhanced system that homogenizes is illustrated under the situation of this " open loop " fuel line configuration; But the present invention is not limited to this; The present invention can use with various motors, sparger and subordinate fuel line, and does not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention, for example nominal " closed loop " system in the mode of execution of Fig. 1-11.Also should notice once more; Although a plurality of engine packs are illustrated as the part of whole accompanying drawing substantially; For example be total to rail 590, fuel filter 599, main diesel fuel tanks 530 and elevator pump 532 and associated fuel line and like; These all assemblies or its any modification or substitute all can use (no matter installing in factory still is to buy at after-market) with the present invention, and do not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Therefore; Although these assemblies are illustrated as the part of whole fuel system in different accompanying drawings; But it should be understood that; The present invention is not limited thereto significantly, and does not have claim to relate to these standard packages of motor, and these standard packages are in this article only simply as the background of the fuel enhanced system that homogenizes of the present invention.In addition, again,, also can use the modification of other motors now known or following exploitation, include but not limited to the gasoline direct injection motor although combine diesel engine to illustrate and described illustrative embodiments particularly.
Through general view; In the Alternative exemplary mode of execution of Figure 12; Show whole fuel system 520; It comprises diesel fuel tanks 530 substantially, and diesel fuel tanks 530 has equal feed-in substantially by the elevator pump 532 and nitrogenous hood 540 of a series of intrusion pipes of label 570 expression, these intrusion pipes subsequently with the ejecting system of motor altogether rail 590 be communicated with sparger 591 fluids.In more detail; Diesel fuel tanks 530 utilizes elevator pump 532 with the pressure of about 5psi diesel fuel to be supplied with through fuel line 531; These equipment all are factory's installed device, and it can be contained in the case 530 or (for for simplicity) such separate configurations shown in figure 12 certainly.Supply with for other liquid fuels, extra case can be connected with downstream fuel line 535 serial or parallel connections, and fuel line 535 can be automatic or manual as required.Subsequently, through fuel filter 599 and subsequently through fuel line 537 arrival flowmeters 543, describe hereinafter by its detailed content via fuel line 535 for diesel fuel.Diesel fuel arrives through another fuel line 538 from flowmeter 543 and sends pump 539, in the exemplary embodiment, sends pump 539 diesel fuel is risen to about 60-100psi.To recognize once more, send pump 539 and can be any known or develop and be arranged in the future suitable pressure with power consumption and be applicable to diesel oil and the fluid pump of other this type light oil fuels.In alternate embodiments, as Figure 11, can use a plurality of treating capacity and superchargings that pump needs with realization of sending with the mode of group or series.Get back to fuel enhanced system 520; In this Alternative exemplary mode of execution; Online flow transducer 543 is provided between diesel fuel tanks 530 and intrusion pipe 570 once more, and this flow transducer 543 is electrically connected to control gear 545 is also correspondingly regulated nitrogen with the flow of monitoring diesel fuel release.Particularly, nitrogenous hood 540 supplies to flow control valve 544 with nitrogen through fuel line 541, and flow control valve 544 supplies to incandescent lamp by sending in the diesel fuel that pump 539 sends by that kind of flow transducer 543 monitoring through fuel line 546 subsequently.Again; Flow control valve 544 in the nitrogen supply line is by micro-processor control device 545 or similar device control; Control gear 545 can be equipment any known or that develop in the future; Be used for electronic control valve or other this flow-control equipments, and can be according to the data action that receives from various inputs, input includes but not limited to the flow transducer 543 of illustrative embodiments.Once more; Although will recognize exemplary multiple fuel system 520 descriptions that combine Figure 12 and show the exemplary electronic measure control, the present invention is not limited to this, otherwise; Can comprise any of these assembly of various combinations and configuration, and not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention.At the vaporized fuel supply respect, preferably, nitrogenous hood 540 is adjusted to the pressure minimum than the about at least 10-20psi of the pressure in the fuel line 543 of nitrogen feed-in, and again, it is approximately the 60-100psi that sends pump 539 qualifications as one or more.Consider that also as the substituting or except that nitrogenous hood, can provide vehicle-mounted nitrogen to generate equipment of nitrogenous hood, it uses the scientific and technological or technological of any known or exploitation in the future, includes but not limited to film, VSA and PSA/ zeolite technology.Such maker can be with the direct feed-in fuel of nitrogen enhanced system 520, with as to the substituting of case 540, perhaps connects with case 540 at the upper reaches, thereby adds nitrogen for case 540, and subsequently, nitrogen will be supplied to through this case 540 as described above.Therefore, one aspect of the present invention can be summarized as vehicle-mounted generation nitrogen effect fuel additive, and it will mix with the preparatory direct injection of liquid fuel mutually, thereby forms multiple fuel system.To recognize; According to circumstances; Vehicle-mounted nitrogen generates also and can use with mode of execution or other multiple fuel systems (for example preceding text combine the mode of execution that Fig. 1-10 describes) of Figure 11, and other illustrative embodiments are being incorporated formerly shown in the patent application and describe of this paper by reference into.
Continuation is with reference to Figure 12, and exemplary diesel oil-nitrogen fuel mixture arrives intrusion pipe 570 through fuel line 547., show the intrusion pipe 570 of four series connection here, but explanation once more can be used the intrusion pipe of any amount and size, and not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention.In one or more intrusion pipes 570 (intrusion pipe 570 is all in fuel line or the inner volume expansion of delivery of fuel system); Along with the vaporized fuel component is poured in the liquid fuel component effectively as being caused by the geometry of intrusion pipe 570 and the final hydrodynamic effect in the fuel mixture at least in part or in whole liquid fuel component, evenly disperses, liquid state-gaseous fuel mixture becomes substantially and homogenizes.The fuel mixture that homogenizes substantially that comes out from intrusion pipe 570 arrives the jet pump 595 of motors subsequently through fuel line 554, in exemplary co-rail diesel engine configuration, jet pump 595 is promoted to fuel mixture about 25, the working pressure of 000psi.The required fuel mixture of motor 596 is delivered to common rail 590 from jet pump 595 along fuel line; And the unnecessary fuel or the fuel of current demand that exceeds motor are along same that be communicated with jet pump 595 fluids and comprise that the fuel line 551 of recycle pump 552 (recycle pump 552 is connected with initial liquid state-gaseous fuel mixture supply line 547 via fuel line 553) circulates once more; Thereby go back through aforesaid intrusion pipe 570 circulations, form the circulation loop 550 in this mode of execution thus.Then; The operation of noticing fuel enhanced system of the present invention 570 and above-described intrusion pipe 570 is used for effectively the vaporized fuel component being mixed and being filled into the liquid fuel component, thereby final circuit, the mixture of homogeneous is by the remaining part of system and send with jet pump and be regarded as liquid effectively substantially.As the standard in many co-rail diesel engines and other this motors, from the part that is reponse systems of the untapped or unencapsulated fuel of rail 590 and individual injectors 591 altogether to catch and to re-use this unsealing fuel again.In exemplary " open loop " system shown in Figure 12; Not use fuel from rail altogether 590 self is fed back to jet pump 595 along overflowing port fuel line 598, and directly turns back to case 530 and use to do his along overflowing port fuel line 597 from the unburned fuel of actual injector 591.This configuration is necessary in one case, promptly when ejecting system has used the responsive sparger of back-pressure (for example in some old-fashioned rail altogether).Therefore, turn back to case through overflowing port fuel line 597 with external pressure substantially, sparger 591 does not affect adversely.As additional benefit; Through using the vaporized fuel additive of extensively feasible and relatively cheap thus inert gasses (for example nitrogen) as the multiple fuel system of each side according to the present invention; To recognize; With independent use air or with other gases that promote burning with occupy case in the liquid fuel steam in dead band use and compare, enter case 530 also thus at least in part the nitrogen in the space on the filling liquid fuel be actually vehicle the explosion-proof safety effectiveness be provided.Because nitrogen obtains easily and is relatively cheap with vehicle-mounted generation, realized its additional function as the inert agents in the case 530 with low relatively cost.
To recognize further that although illustrated and described the concrete layout and its connectivity through a plurality of fuel line segments of fuel system components with respect to the illustrative embodiments of Figure 12, the present invention is not limited to this.In addition, these assemblies with provide it to be connected and the means of mutual operability can be taked various configurations, and do not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Particularly,, will recognize although not shown among Figure 12, this alternative arrangements also can comprise the automatic anti-fault by-pass line with the permission system " only depend on diesel oil " when needed the operation, with Fig. 1,2 and 7-11 shown in ten minutes similar.Once more, because Figure 12 is the schematic representation of a kind of fuel system mode of execution of the each side according to the present invention, not strict relative size and the shape of following various assemblies only is the principle of the fuel system that homogenizes of the present invention and the example of characteristic and be construed as.The replacement of the various replacement assemblies of the same function that therefore, rises in fact and illustrate and describe is possible in the present invention and obviously falls into its scope.
About the intrusion pipe shown in Figure 11 and 12 470,570; With reference now to Figure 13; Can see and show that each this intrusion pipe is (for for simplicity; Substantially by label 470 expression) be straight through-flow configuration, do not have following pipe 76 or accumulator 84 in the illustrative embodiments formerly of the intrusion pipe 70 shown in Fig. 3-6 particularly.Promptly; As from the schematic representation of Figure 11 and 12 and with reference in the cross sectional representation of Figure 13 the institute conspicuous; The fuel mixture fluid path makes fuel get into from an end of intrusion pipe 470 through the first passage 473 that is formed in first connector 475 and first end wall 472 in fact, downwards through managing 470 and through being formed on second channel 474 outflows in second end wall 480 and second connector 476.In order to form complete intrusion pipe 470, in the exemplary embodiment, each end wall 472,480 utilizes interference fit and the sealing 483 of O shape ring to be fixed on tube wall 471 inside with mechanical retaining ring 479 once more.To recognize that any other equivalent configurations on function known or exploitation in the future can be used as alternative, and does not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Relatively, the assembly of intrusion pipe 470 can be processed by any suitable material known or exploitation in the future, although consider that now it can be mainly made of aluminum.In the illustrative embodiments of the intrusion pipe shown in Figure 11-13 470, inner length and the inside diameter based on tube wall 471 formed perfusion volume 488 in fact; That is, volume is limited tube wall 471 and first and second end wall 472,480.From showing; Each intrusion pipe 470 can have nominal inside diameter and the total length that is approximately 42 inches (42 ") of nominal outside diameter and one and 7/8ths inch (1-7/8 ") of two inches (2 "), and perhaps total length is approximately the twice of the length of the exemplary intrusion pipe 70 among Fig. 1-10.In addition, owing to there is not accumulator 84 (Fig. 3), the more multizone in the intrusion pipe 470 is the volume expansion that is used for fuel mixture; Suppose that each end wall 472,480 is that one inch (1 ") is thick, each total perfusion volume 488 that substitute in tubular intrusion pipe 470 is 111 cubic inches of (111in 3) (volume=length x area=40in.x (Π x (.94in.) 2)).Therefore, notice that the perfusion volume 488 of the alternative intrusion pipe 470 of Figure 13 approaches the exemplary intrusion pipe 70 of Fig. 3-6, and (it always pours into volume and is approximately 32 cubic inches of (32in 3)) four times.In addition, the length radius ratio of the first exemplary intrusion pipe 70 is about 5:1, and the length radius ratio of alternative intrusion pipe 470 is approximately 20:1.Suppose that nominal I.D. is the big entrance and exit size of 1/2nd inches (1/2 ") or first and second fluid passages 473,474 through separately; particularly, leave fuel mixture that inlet or first fluid path 473 get into intrusion pipes 470 and perfusion volume 488 and expand into the intrusion pipe 470 that I.D. is approximately two inches (2 ") from about 1/2nd inches (1/2 ") fuel line through expansion.This expansion and length subsequently (before coming out through the outlet or second fluid passage 471, fuel mixture flows through perfusion volume 488 along this length) have the effect of significantly slowing down with the fuel combination mixture, as preceding text combine Fig. 6 explanation.Only herein, in the illustrative embodiments of Figure 13, fuel continues its path, discharge through intrusion pipe 470 and from the opposite end, rather than reverses its direction is upwards and from the top to go out through outer pipe 76 (Fig. 3-6).To recognize; Because this straight tubular setting; The inlet of therefore no longer likewise stressing to have on the outlet arranges towards ground realizing eddy current effect with vertical relatively, and part is by that kind of gravity enhancing just as combine Fig. 6 to describe bubble that trial rises against the fuel that flows downward at preceding text; And, because this straight tubular intrusion pipe 470, design more depend on flow velocity rather than more depend on towards, thus can identical substantially operation, and no matter be level or vertical.Also will recognize, and use a plurality of intrusion pipes at 470,570 o'clock in series connection, not only (two intrusion pipe system 420 totals of Figure 11 have increased about 222 cubic inches of (222in to total perfusion volume of corresponding increase 3), the four intrusion pipe systems 520 of Figure 12 amount to and have increased about 444 cubic inches of (444in 3)), and the subsequent expansion of fuel mixture also helps the effect that homogenizes with shrinking.Those skilled in the art will recognize once more; Fuel enhanced system 420,520 of the present invention and intrusion pipe 470,570 related aspects and principle are limited in the concrete exemplary geometric that illustrates and describe and the structure particularly never in any form, as also should be the same about what recognize once more Figure 14-17 and other the substituting mode of executions shown in the 20-21 from the discussion that combines Fig. 1-10 and hereinafter.More general; To recognize; Volume expansion that Figure 11 and two or more intrusion pipes 470,570 of 12 provide and consequent eddy current and melange effect make it possible to homogenize fully or substantially ground mixes liquid and gaseous state fuel element, and do not have under elevated pressures or force the vaporized fuel component to become the cost and the complexity of the operation of liquid condition; And; Through in liquid fuel, mixing fully and pouring into vaporized fuel; Final many fuel mixtures are regarded as liquid state by the remaining part of system (especially ejecting system), even the vaporized fuel component still remains on this state, are introduced into jet pump up to it at least.And; Under the situation of inert gasses (like nitrogen) (existing technology is not instructed it in fact as the ignitable fuel additive); Because the gas that disperses influences fuel from the inside to the outside; Still realized this spraying effect, even vaporized fuel self (being nitrogen here) does not have fuel value in fact.But vaporized fuel (even for example nitrogen) has in liquid fuel and as the potential energy spring, and it is based on spraying and discharging with the mechanical separation of liquid fuel.Exceed this physics spraying effect, a kind of fuel element also can play a role in visible performance boost to other chemistry or the catalytic effect of another kind of fuel element.Final result is during each combustion incident, from fuel mixture, to have extracted more energy, makes that thus the motor operation is more efficient, gains about 30 percent to a hundred per cent (30-100%) even higher.
With reference now to Figure 14, another illustrative embodiments; Show the integrated fuel enhanced system 620 that is installed in the direct-injection engine environment; It comprises diesel fuel tanks 630 substantially; Diesel fuel tanks 630 has all final feed-in substantially by the elevator pump 632 and pressurized hydrogen case 640 of first circulation loop of label 650 expressions, and comprises at least one like Figure 13 straight tubular intrusion pipe 670 shown in substantially, circulation loop 650 be total to rail circulation loop fluid by second of label 680 expressions substantially and be communicated with; Herein, the circulation loop 650 final inlet pressure regulators 699 that pass through are communicated with ejecting system head 690 fluids of motor with jet pump 695.In more detail, diesel fuel tanks 630 is through the pressure feed diesel fuel of elevator pump 632 with about 5-10psi.Subsequently; Diesel oil is through optional digital diesel oil flowmeter 635; The first Variable Area flowmeter 636 (its detailed content will be described below) that arrives soon after, another second optional Variable Area flowmeter 637 that arrives soon after is then through optional filter and separator unit 638 and one or more recycle pump (being represented by label 634 substantially); In the exemplary embodiment, recycle pump 634 rises to about 100psi with diesel fuel.With recognizing that once more one or more circulation loops are sent pump 634 can be the fluid pump of developing in any known or future, and it is arranged to suitable pressure and power consumption, and is applicable to diesel oil and other this light oil fuels.In the alternate embodiments that illustrates; These pumps four series connection, in pairs (having or do not have corresponding pressure regulator) can be used at first pressure risen to 60psi from about 10psi; Rise to 100psi then, it all is possible that any such pump known or exploitation in the future and pump are arranged in the fuel enhanced system 620 of the present invention.More generally; To realize; No matter be that factory installs or can be according to circumstances different by these elements of other factory's erection unit defineds, that is, the diesel oil that the fuel enhanced system is operationally mounted thereto or the type of other motors can be different; Thereby of the present invention will being understood that is not limited thereto, and the details of these elements is relevant with applicable cases and only be exemplary.Get back to fuel enhanced system 620; In the exemplary embodiment; In the line in the downstream that intersect in recycle pump 634 downstream with fuel line 651 fuel filter 639 and safety check are provided; Fuel wire 651 is to overflow the return loop that port begins from jet pump 695 and sparger, and forms the part of the second common rail circulation loop 680.Hydrogen by from case 640 via the identical line 651 of line 641 feed-ins, ON/OFF solenoid valve 644 and one or more safety check and hydrogen flowmeter 646 are installed in online 641.Therefore; Under the independent control of the first Variable Area flowmeter 636 or with control from the combination of the data of independent hydrogen flowmeter 646 under, solenoid valve 644 open or close with through fuel line 641 to the fuel line of carrying diesel fuel 651 pulse or any other fuel of supplying with hydrogen (as supplying with) and returning off and on from motor by case 630.Again, preferably, hydrogen case 640 is adjusted to than the big at least approximately pressure minimum of 10psi of pressure (being approximately 100psi here) in the fuel line of hydrogen feed-in 641 and the follow-up fuel 651, thus hydrogen with the pressure of about 110-125psi by feed-in.Electromagnetic Flow control valve 644 is by micro-processor control device 645 or similar device control; Its one or more sensors 642 equipment such as grade from the first Variable Area flowmeter 636 receive input; Control gear 645 can be equipment any known or that develop in the future; Be used for electronic control valve or other this flow-control equipments, and can be according to the data action that receives from various inputs, input includes but not limited to the first Variable Area flowmeter 636.Through another instance; In conjunction with PLC (programmable logic controller (PLC)) or similar device; Can use timing circuit " to open " time or Pulse length, even, can also use one group of timer except PLC to control reality; A timer is provided with " opening " time (for example 2 seconds) of valve 644, and second timer is provided with delay to stop first timer and to prevent supersaturation thus; For example; Do not consider diesel oil flow (diesel oil of engine demand); Be no more than 2 seconds gas release in per 20 seconds, under the nominal system pressure of about 100-150psi, this 2:20 ratio (opening the time ratio shut-in time) will become the example gases pulsing unit.Through another instance, in some cases, preferably can the explosion less, that frequency is higher be arranged in the gas feed-in; For example per ten seconds one second explosion or per five and half seconds explosion.In addition; In other embodiments; Based on the data from digital diesel oil flowmeter 635, Variable Area flowmeter 636 or similar devices, controller 645 can move up or down scale with gas feed-in scheme, perhaps even according to the diesel oil flow changes scale; Thereby allow gas pulses longer and/or that frequency is higher based on engine demand (that is the speed of fuel consumption).To recognize that this benefit is the liquid state-vaporized fuel monitoring and the metering system of good relatively debugging, it helps to promote fuel efficiency and other aspects of the present invention.Particularly; Through the appropriate ratio of vaporized fuel component that be provided with respect to the liquid fuel component; Like same frequency and the endurance through gas feed-in pulse; Downstream pump can be effectively " digestion (digest) " gas also passes on pressurised mixt to carry out other processing, that is, in one or more circulation loop intrusion pipes 670, homogenize.Control hardware about the fuel enhanced system 620 shown in Figure 14; The first Variable Area flowmeter 636 is equipped with one or more hall effect sensor 642, optical sensor, " reed witch " or similar device, with detect flowmeter 636 slightly narrow or stepped bore in buoy (piston, ball or analog) with respect to the position of predetermined set point.These are provided with and a little are confirmed as relevantly in response to the traffic level of engine demand with diesel fuel, on this is provided with a little, should be opened or closes ratio or concentration with hydrogen in any preset time balance diesel oil by the gaseous state pulse of solenoid valve 644 and processor 645 controls.For example, along the sufficient length of flowmeter, can have 32 sensors at most or be provided with a little, it is the quantity of I/O (I/O) port on the PCL normally.Notice; In the above-mentioned use narrow or stepped shaft " buoy " type Variable Area flowmeter 636 provides higher resolution; And the piston buoy is preferably on ball; Thereby have the friction surface zone that enough fluids can be applied to it, cylinder configuration is preferably the liquid that flow response or flowmeter sensitivity provide quality and surface area can provide another to prove conclusively data on flows and/or effectively provide sight glass to pass through with visualization with the second Variable Area flowmeter 637 of digital flowmeter 635 or Alternative digital flowmeter 635.If optional hydrogen flowmeter 646 is included in the fuel line 641 in downstream of solenoid valve 644; Can introduce another inspection of the amount of the hydrogen in the fuel stream; Its data can offer controller 645 and even as the safety override of the first Variable Area flowmeter 636; Help thus to confirm gas can by fuel enhanced system 620 rightly " digestion " do not have too much gas to be introduced into before and in diesel fuel, be regarded as liquid state by motor substantially, thereby the vapour lock of the pump cavitation of avoiding, motor and other this type problems.Again, although illustrated and described flowmeter 636, flow control valve 644, controller 645 and other these concrete configuration optional or necessary assembly, the invention is not restricted to this.Therefore; Although those skilled in the art will recognize that to combine the fuel enhanced system 620 of Figure 14 to illustrate and described the exemplary electronic measure control, the present invention is not limited to this, otherwise; Can comprise any of these assembly of various combinations and configuration, and not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention.In the exemplary embodiment, suppose mixed pressure be fuel in the nominal 125psi. fuel mixture when mixing by volume ratio for greater than 90 (90%) percent diesel oil, hydrogen less than 10 (10%).Substantially, to a certain extent, mixed pressure is high more, and gaseous component ratio and efficiency gain are also high more, thereby will recognize that can or mix the back when mixing uses the higher system internal pressure, and does not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Those skilled in the art also will recognize; Although two kinds of concrete propellant compositions are described to comprise fuel mixture (being liquid diesel fuel and gaseous nitrogen) and in concrete proportion; But the present invention is not limited to this; And this paper can use the various combination and the ratio of various other fuel with the fuel enhanced system that homogenizes of the each side according to the present invention, and does not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Continuation is with reference to Figure 14, and exemplary diesel oil-hydrogen fuel mixture arrives first high-pressure service pump 692 through fuel line 651, and this first high-pressure service pump 692 begins to rise to about 400-500psi most with the pressure of mixture.Subsequently; Fuel mixture is through fuel line 694; Be total to the remaining part (as final demand for fuel in motor limits) of rail circulation loop 680 subsequently via fuel line 681 and 693 arrival second of second high-pressure service pump, perhaps through fuel line 652 and recycle pump 653 arrival intrusion pipe circulation loops 650.At first, for all liquid state-gaseous fuel mixtures that also do not needed by motor, will recognize; This fuel gets into first circulation loop 650 through fuel line 652 and is circulated continuously by pump, and directly fuel is by demand, in this illustrative embodiments; First circulation loop 650 comprises at least one the straight tubular intrusion pipe 670 and the line of return 654; To recognize once more according to each side of the present invention, and can use the intrusion pipe of any type and quantity, and not depart from the scope of the present invention.Also will recognize; In this alternate embodiments; The first intrusion pipe circulation loop 650 maintains 400-500psi effectively through first high-pressure service pump 692, and recycle pump 653 is kept the flow velocity through the fuel in loop 650 simply, and higher relatively thus circulation loop pressure has further strengthened the homogenieity of fuel mixture, allowed few relatively perfusion volume; Although described an intrusion pipe 670, even when the circulation loop pressure of 400-500psi, still can use more a plurality of intrusion pipes.In case motor needs many fuel mixtures; Then fuel mixture flows out first circulation loop 650 or flows directly to second and is total to rail circulation loop 680; Through second high-pressure service pump 693, this second high-pressure service pump will be total to boost in pressure in the rail to about 4 to fuel, 000-10 through fuel line 681 subsequently; 000psi (being similar to common mode) even at low side.In fact, according to each side of the present invention, under the exemplary cases of direct injection DENG; Similarly rail 682 is attached in second circulation loop 680 altogether; Just as having its own recycle pump 683, and be used for (once more, being approximately 4 with the pressure of keeping; 000-10,000psi) circulation liquid state-gaseous fuel mixture.Particularly; Fuel flows out from fuel line 681; Under the cooperation of recycle pump 683, through rail 682 altogether, and get into another fuel line 684, this fuel line 684 is sent many fuel mixtures of the homogeneous substantially of relatively high pressure to inlet pressure regulator 699 according to the demand of motor subsequently; Unnecessary fuel flows and returns common rail 682 along rail circular route 685 altogether simply, forms the part of rail circulation loop 680 altogether thus.And the fuel of sending through inlet pressure regulator 699 like line 684 of engine demand leads to eductor pump 695 subsequently and gets into head 590 then; In regulator 699, eductor pump 695 and the head 690 each overflow port lines with three-port structure insert second altogether in other pin of rail circulation loop 680 (promptly; Fuel line 651); Fuel line 651 begins to remain in the overall process of the fuel mixture in second circulation loop 680 subsequently; With further processing or get into the first intrusion pipe circulation loop 650, thereby as described above by continuous recirculation.Once more; Those skilled in the art will recognize that; Whether the existence of the configuration of circulation loop and pump, high-pressure service pump, valve, connector, line and quantity and heat-exchange apparatus, accumulator or by-pass line and other these modification all is possible in fuel enhanced system 620 of the present invention, and does not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Particularly, recycle pump 653,683 and high-pressure service pump 692,693 can be any pump types known or that develop in the future, are used to send and the pressurized fuel mixture.Explanation once more, because Figure 14 is the schematic representation of a kind of fuel enhanced system of the each side according to the present invention, not strict relative size and the shape of following various assemblies only is the principle of the fuel system that homogenizes of the present invention and the example of characteristic and be construed as.The replacement of the various replacement assemblies of the same function that therefore, rises in fact and illustrate and describe is possible in the present invention and obviously falls into its scope.
With reference now to another that schematically shows among Figure 15, substitute the fuel enhanced system 720 that homogenizes, it is used under the direct-injection engine situation once more, just has the setting of relatively low pressure.Fuel system 720 comprises diesel fuel tanks 730 substantially equally; This diesel fuel tanks 730 has all the elevator pump 732 and pressurized hydrogen case 740 of feed-in circulation loop (substantially by label 750 expressions) in fact; And comprising at least two intrusion pipes 770, it combines Figure 16 to describe in detail hereinafter.Circulation loop 750 also is communicated with engine injector system (showing actual injector 791 here) fluid through jet pump 795.In the exemplary embodiment, diesel fuel tanks 730 is through the pressure feed diesel fuel of elevator pump 732 with about 5-10psi, and this is in and has first fuel filter 731 between case 730 and the elevator pump 732.Subsequently; Diesel oil is through optional digital diesel oil flowmeter 735; The first Variable Area flowmeter 736 (its detailed content combines Figure 14 to describe hereinbefore) that arrives soon after, another second optional Variable Area flowmeter 737 that arrives soon after is then through second fuel filter 739 and one or more recycle pump (substantially by label 734 expressions); In the exemplary embodiment, this recycle pump rises to about 100psi with diesel fuel.With recognizing that once more one or more circulation loops are sent pump 734 can be the fluid pump of developing in any known or future, and it is arranged to suitable pressure and power consumption, and is applicable to diesel oil and other this light oil fuels.In the alternate embodiments that illustrates; Two series connection, can be used to pressure is risen to 100psi from about 10psi with relative pressure regulator these pumps in groups, it all is possible that any such pump known or exploitation in the future and pump are arranged in the fuel enhanced system 720 of the present invention.More generally; To realize; No matter be that factory installs or can be according to circumstances different by these elements of other factory's erection unit defineds, that is, the diesel oil that the fuel enhanced system is operationally mounted thereto or the type of other motors can be different; Thereby of the present invention will being understood that is not limited thereto, and the details of these elements is relevant with applicable cases and only be exemplary.Get back to fuel enhanced system 720; In the exemplary embodiment; Second fuel filter is positioned at the downstream of recycle pump 734 online; These recycle pumps are positioned at the downstream that intersect with fuel line 751, and fuel line is to overflow the return loop that port begins from jet pump 795 and sparger, and form the part of circulation loop 750.Hydrogen is by from the identical line 751 of case 740 via the first group downstream of line 741 feed-in recycle pumps 734, alternatively, ON/OFF solenoid valve 744 and optional one or more safety check and hydrogen flowmeter (not shown) is installed in online 741.Therefore; Under the first Variable Area flowmeter 736 and control from the data of independent opaque flowmeter 746 (its detailed content combines Figure 18 and 19 to describe hereinafter), flow control valve 744 open or close with through fuel line 741 to the fuel line of carrying diesel fuel 751 pulse or any other fuel of supplying with hydrogen (as supplying with) and returning off and on from motor by case 730.Again; Preferably; Hydrogen case 740 is adjusted to than the big at least approximately pressure minimum of 10psi of pressure (based on the configuration of pump 734, being approximately 100psi equally here) in the fuel line of hydrogen feed-in 741 and the follow-up fuel 751, thus hydrogen with the pressure of about 110-125psi by feed-in.Electromagnetic Flow control valve 744 is by micro-processor control device 745 or similar device control, and its one or more sensors 742 equipment such as grade from the aforesaid first Variable Area flowmeter 736 receive input.Again, although illustrated and described flowmeter 736, flow control valve 744, controller 745 and other these concrete configuration optional or necessary assembly, the invention is not restricted to this.Explanation once more, the fuel in the fuel mixture when mixing by volume ratio be diesel oil greater than 90 (90%) percent, the hydrogen less than 10 (10%) supposes that mixed pressure is nominal 125psi.Substantially; To a certain extent, mixed pressure is high more, and gaseous component ratio and efficiency gain are also high more; Thereby will recognize that can or mix the back when mixing uses the higher system internal pressure; And do not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention, as will recognizing, preferably utilizing relatively low pressure to realize homogenizing of expectation from the discussion of other illustrative embodiments and this paper through other working principles of using in the each side of the present invention as described herein.
Continuation is with reference to Figure 15; And further with reference to Figure 16; Figure 16 shows the schematic cross-sectional view of the alternative intrusion pipe 770 that in the illustrative embodiments of fuel enhanced system 720, uses; Diesel oil-hydrogen fuel mixture arrives first elevator pump 792 (its pressure with mixture begins to rise to about 200-205psi most) through fuel line 751, arrives second elevator pump 793 (it rises to about 400-500psi with fuel) then.Subsequently, fuel mixture utilizes fuel line 752 and recycle pump 753 to arrive intrusion pipe circulation loop 750 via fuel line 794.To recognize, along with fuel gets into circulation loop 750 and circulates these fuel of direct requirement by pump 753 continuously through fuel line 752; In the exemplary embodiment; Circulation loop 750 comprises at least two the adverse current intrusion pipes 770 and the line of return 754 (it has the 3rd other filter 755), will recognize once more, according to each side of the present invention; Can use the intrusion pipe and the associated pump of any type and quantity, and not depart from the scope of the present invention.In more detail, with reference to Figure 16, show single adverse current intrusion pipe 770 according to other aspects of the invention, wherein, in fact inlet duct 776 is configured to long-channel now or manages down, rather than the outer pipe among Fig. 3-6 76.Promptly; In the alternate embodiments of the intrusion pipe 770 of Figure 16; Fuel mixture gets into through the inlet that is limited the first passage 773 that is formed on the top or first end wall 772; Relatively long inlet pipe 776 down is inserted in the first passage 773, and fuel leaves subsequently slightly and rises so that second channel 774 leaves in first end wall 772 through being formed near the inlet duct 776 of bottom second end wall 780 and in intrusion pipe 770, and arrives other parts of another intrusion pipe 770 or system 720 thus.Those skilled in the art will recognize that; This " adverse current " intrusion pipe 770 that substitutes in use has some benefit; This be because (the straight tubular intrusion pipe 470 shown in some similar Figure 13) intrusion pipe 770 do not rely on towards; Do not need fuel to flow to and get into person in charge's volume down, thus bubble attempt against to dirty rising, and so gravitational effect provide manage more vertical towards.Alternatively; With reference now to Figure 17; It shows three this " adverse current " intrusion pipes 770 that are installed in series through the connector 775 of interconnection entrance and exit or first and second fluid passages 773 and 744 separately respectively; To recognize; Adverse current intrusion pipe 770 design depends on flow velocity in fact, can make bubble (729 expressions substantially) explosion at 770 o'clock through managing in many fuel mix flow to the dependence of flow velocity and skin-friction effect or " wiping (rub) ", even when passing through the big rate of flow of fluid of total system; The relative size of inlet duct 776 and the whole intrusion pipe 770 littler than inlet duct 776 or hold in the exemplary embodiment equates substantially, thereby in whole process, realizes consistent relatively flow velocity.Utilize this stream mode to be provided with; Rather than any potential bubble that forms in following pipe or the inlet duct 776; They will form (if any) inlet duct 776 external volume in the upper end of main intrusion pipe volume, and " chased (chased) " forward through all the other intrusion pipes of series connection thus, and help utilizes each expansion or shrinks fragmentation or pour into any this bubble thus; Thereby arrive at fuel mixture before last intrusion pipe of series connection; Any bubble does not all exist in fact, or can not be observed by bore hole in fact or rather, and is shown in Figure 17.Another effect that homogenizes as the alternate embodiments of intrusion pipe 770; Though in fact towards; The fuel that leaves inlet duct 776 has the trend of the internal surface 781 of second end wall 780 that impacts intrusion pipe 770, further promotes bubble to break thus and the homogenizing of liquid state-gaseous fuel mixture.In addition; Substituting adverse current intrusion pipe 770 is fabricated with the very similar mode of other exemplary intrusion pipes that illustrates and describe with this paper; Wherein first and second end walls 772 and 780 utilize O shape ring 783 and retaining ring 779 to be fixed on two opposite ends of tube wall 771; But also can use other any this configuration and package techniques known or exploitation in the future, and not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Particularly; To recognize; Have level towards the use of intrusion pipe 770 configuration and general connector 775 of entrance and exit passage 773,774 make and in series arrange or be provided with the simple more and room for promotion utilization ratio of intrusion pipe 770; And do not increase the potential failure risk of cost, complexity and a plurality of pipe and connector and folder, or the like.Also will recognize; In this alternate embodiments; Intrusion pipe circulation loop 750 maintains 400-500psi effectively through second elevator pump 793; And recycle pump 753 is kept the flow velocity through the fuel in loop 750 simply, and this thus higher relatively circulation loop pressure has further strengthened the homogenieity of fuel mixture and therefore allowed less relatively perfusion volume and/or higher relatively flow velocity.In the exemplary embodiment, the whole flow velocity through system can be approximately 4 gallons of per minutes (4gpm).In case motor needs many fuel mixtures; Then fuel mixture leaves circulation loop 750 through fuel line 784 and arrives jet pump 795; And the sparger 691 that arrives soon after; And the port lines of overflowing of jet pump 795 and sparger 691 all inserts fuel line 751 with three-port structure, and fuel line 751 is restarted the whole process of many fuel mixtures subsequently, and these many fuel mixtures return with as described above by recirculation continuously through perfusion circulation loop 750.Likewise; Those skilled in the art will recognize that; Whether the existence of the configuration of circulation loop and pump, elevator pump, valve, connector, line and quantity and heat-exchange apparatus, accumulator or by-pass line and other these modification all is possible in fuel enhanced system 620 of the present invention, and does not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Because Figure 15-the 17th, according to the schematic representation of a kind of fuel system mode of execution of each side of the present invention, not strict relative size and the shape of following various assemblies only is the principle of the fuel system that homogenizes of the present invention and the example of characteristic and be construed as.The replacement of the various replacement assemblies of the same function that therefore, rises in fact and illustrate and describe is possible in the present invention and obviously falls into its scope.
Continuation is with reference to Figure 15; And further with reference to Figure 18 and 19, Figure 18 and 19 shows the opaque metering meter 746 that is combined in the alternative fuel enhanced system 720 (its control system particularly); At first observe; The same with control damper 744 as the first Variable Area flowmeter 736, opaque metering meter 746 is connected with controller 745 electronic communications, cooperates to be added to the speed in the liquid fuel stream with monitoring and control vaporized fuel with these two other elements thus.Substantially, opaque metering meter 746 is the optical sensors that are configured to estimate based on the opacity of mixture the gaseous state perfusion, rather than only based on liquid fuel flowmeter amount gas.Call by name and talk about; Opaque metering meter 746 is as the refraction sensor; If the fuel mixture specific refraction is high thus (gaseous state or the bubble composition that show height); Can close or prevent any other vaporized fuel feed-in with the quantifier 746 of other control system assembly cooperation; And if through or fuel stream through quantifier 746 be lower than refraction threshold level (relative homogeneousization that shows liquid), therefore quantifier 746 can allow the other control system assembly to continue the gas based on other system parameter (for example diesel fuel flow) metering feed-in.Therefore; To recognize; Opaque metering meter 746 in the illustrative embodiments is " monitors " in system's (particularly, the first Variable Area flowmeter 736), thereby has had or surface override quantifier and prevent the introducing of other vaporized fuel when going out to have the gaseous state composition on the threshold value at fuel stream; No matter the diesel oil flow velocity needs more gas feed-ins, for example when quickening or during climbing or when motor is in relative high capacity and moves.But; When downstream fuel mixture performance have be introduced in fully mix now or perfusion liquid fuel wherein in during vaporized fuel (thereby refraction or opacity level are lower than threshold value); Therefore the first Variable Area flowmeter override not, but as this paper other local described other gas feed-ins of triggering.Although opaque metering meter can be positioned at a plurality of positions of the fuel enhanced system 720 that homogenizes; But preferably be positioned at the downstream of intrusion pipe 770; Thereby reflect the mixing to greatest extent that fuel mixture experiences in fact and homogenize in system 720, and whether can adapt to the feed-in of additional gaseous fuel based on this basis decision-making system.Therefore; Shown in figure 15; Opaque metering meter is arranged in after second of 750 two intrusion pipes 770 of circulation loop and the fuel line 784 before fuel mixture leads to eductor pump 795, thereby before spraying, with the controller 745 that is connected with its electronic communication particularly the information relevant with the degree that homogenizes of fuel mixture is provided for system.
In more details about the structure of opaque metering meter 746 and operation, with reference to Figure 18, show exemplary this equipment, quantifier 746 comprises flow shell 760 and the electronic shell 765 that adjoins in fact.As best illustrated in the viewgraph of cross-section of Figure 19; Flow shell 760 has internal holes 761; This internal holes 761 has the pair of pistons 762 that is installed in the opposite end, and piston 762 utilizes retaining ring 763 or any other this assembly known or exploitation in the future to remain in the hole.Pair of connectors 764 is installed in the interval location in the wall of flow shell 760, thereby is communicated with internal holes 761 fluids, and accomplishes the fluid path that flows into and flow out the flow shell thus.Therefore, will recognize,, perhaps opaque metering meter 746 will be bonded on fuel line inside, form the fuel flow path footpath of the complete internal holes of passing through flow shell 760 761 through simply connector 746 being connected to fuel line.Constitute whole or be installed on the flow shell 760 or near be positioned in fact it equipment such as electronic shell 765 and a pair of optical fiber connector 766 are configured with flow shell 760; Optical fiber wire 767 separately extends out from the optical fiber connector 766; This optical fiber wire 767 ends in the internal holes 761 of flow shell 760, thereby it is positioned at the fuel flow path footpath and limits at least one optical sensor wherein thus; More specifically and preferably; Article two, optical fiber wire 767 piston through separately 762 and extend into internal holes 761 substantially symmetrically all; Be connected 764 at interval positions with separately isolated thereby optical fiber wire is positioned at substantially, fuel mixture flows into through connector 764 and flows out flow shell 760.In illustrative embodiments, each terminal of optical fiber wire 767 is supported by O shape ring sleeve 768, thereby the most advanced and sophisticated precise length of optical fiber wire is exposed, and the tip subsequently across the fuel flow path that passes through flow shell 760 sensing substantially directly each other.In use; Along with fuel mixture through opaque metering meter 746; The optical fiber wire 767 that is positioned at the fuel stream that illustrates and describe dynamically detects the optical property (promptly reflecting level) of fuel mixture and corresponding signal is sent to controller 745; Wherein, opaque metering meter 746 is connected with controller 745 electronic communications.Once more, based on the signal that opaque metering meter 746 produces and sends, controller 745 then can be by demand override (over-ride) the first Variable Area flowmeter 736, with the fuel mixture guaranteeing finally to be delivered to motor not by the vaporized fuel supersaturation.Those skilled in the art will recognize that; The exemplary constructions details of opaque metering meter only is the example of characteristic of the present invention and aspect (for example the fuel enhanced system 720); Particularly, opaque metering meter 746 is not limited thereto, and is opposite; Opaque metering meter 746 can take various other to combine the form of technology known or that develop in the future, and does not depart from the scope of the present invention.In this; To recognize that according to sensor, it is towards can being across stream (very be similar to through sight glass) or along since an end or from the direction of the axis of flow of the other end (as in the exemplary embodiment) of fixed length; Wherein, Every kind of mode sensor all possibly see through several inches fuel mixtures and observe (but particularly, shown in illustrative embodiments, with vertical or observe along the direction of axis of flow); Thereby possibly observe more bubbles, and obtain better sensing thus the gas mist.In addition; The position of opaque metering meter 746 can help hysteresis effect in a sense; Thus, quantifier this effect at the fuel of mixing point is had follow postpone and this effect all visible in all path downstreams, thereby in some cases; Preferably can make opaque metering meter 746 relatively near mixing point, but can not make vaporized fuel not have the enough time that is filled in the liquid near degree.Another variable element in service of opaque metering meter 746 is a temperature, and is known under cold weather, and diesel fuel congenitally has muddy trend.In order to deal with the muddiness naturally of the diesel fuel that can break away from optical sensor under possible cold weather or the cold operation; For instance; Consideration is the serviceability temperature sensor in system 720; And the optical sensor (being opaque metering meter 746) or the skew of triggering level automatically is provided of during cold operation, stopping using is not muddiness naturally of unacceptable fuel with the supersaturation of dealing with the vaporized fuel in liquid fuel.Therefore, those skilled in the art will recognize that numerous modification of basic opaque metering meter 746 are possible, and do not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
With reference to Figure 20 and 21, show another Alternative exemplary mode of execution of the present invention briefly, its based on and above-mentioned explanation and relevant drawings be detailed.These two systems all be operate in about 25, the situation of the co-rail diesel engine under the injection of 000psi (rail altogether) pressure, the for example standard in the 2009 popular TDI automobiles.The fuel feed-in of each this exemplary fuel enhanced system and the example system of mixing section and Fig. 1 200 minutes are similar, outside some following fine distinctions.At first; With reference to Figure 20; Show integrated fuel enhanced system 820; It comprises diesel fuel tanks 830 substantially, and this diesel fuel tanks 830 has equal feed-in substantially by the elevator pump 832 and pressurized hydrogen case 840 of the circulation loop on label 850 surface, and comprises three " adverse current " formula intrusion pipes 870 and two straight tubular intrusion pipes 880 (all connecting); Its detailed content is described hereinafter, and circulation loop 850 also is total to rail 890 through fuel filter 899, recycle pump 893 and jet pump 895 with the ejecting system of motor and the sparger fluid is communicated with.In more detail; Diesel fuel tanks 830 is through the pressure feed diesel fuel of elevator pump 832 with about 5-10psi; Diesel fuel one or more circulation loops that arrive soon after are sent pump 834, and in the exemplary embodiment, this circulation loop is sent pump 834 diesel fuel is risen to about 100-125psi.With recognizing that once more one or more circulation loops are sent pump 834 can be the fluid pump of developing in any known or future, and it is arranged to suitable pressure and power consumption, and is applicable to diesel oil and other this light oil fuels.Online flow transducer 843 is provided between diesel fuel tanks 830 and circulation loop 850.In addition, hydrogen case 840 offers flow control valve 844 with hydrogen, and this flow control valve 844 offers the fuel line 840 of carrying diesel fuel with hydrogen according to that kind that flow transducer 843 measures subsequently.Flow control valve 844 is by micro-processor control device 745 or similar device control; Control gear 845 can be equipment any known or that develop in the future; Be used for electronic control valve or other this flow-control equipments; And can be according to the data action that receives from various inputs, input include but not limited to flow transducer 843, in addition with the equipment of flow transducer 843 cooperations, preceding text in combine Figure 15,18 and 19 illustrative embodiments to describe the opaque metering meter 846 in downstream.In addition, accumulator equipment 884 is illustrated as in the fuel line 841 that is installed in flowmeter 843 downstream, but will recognize that accumulator 884 can be positioned at any position of system 820 before spraying.Yet preferably, any this accumulator 884 will be installed in circulation loop 850 or the preparatory circulation loop, or be installed on the low voltage side of system, and the system that perhaps is installed in is positioned at any ladder unlifting pressure section or the height of system and takes the part outside the ejecting system by force.Therefore; Remaining system pressure any existence (for example when tail-off or fuel mixture do not circulate) and that will have the trend of the low voltage side that infiltrations such as crossing Sealing goes back to system (will recognize that any static pressure difference will trend towards having this effect and under the situation of given time enough hydrogen especially can infiltrate with penetrate most of matrix, especially rubber seal or analog) will promote and help the integrity of preservation other system assembly (especially low pressure assembly) by accumulator equipment 884.Therefore; To recognize; Although some intrusion pipes can dispose with accumulator wherein and some systems can not have accumulator; Just as having a sufficient robustness or operation or have sufficient perfusion volume adapting to this remaining system pressure that flows back under abundant low pressure, but in such as other illustrative embodiments shown in Figure 20, can provide low voltage side accumulator equipment 884 functions again with the whole fuel enhanced system 820 of further raising; Significantly, this is not necessary and the invention is not restricted to this.Again, so independent accumulator equipment 884 (if being included in the system 820) can place all places to discharge benefit to realize above-mentioned pressure.Continuation is with reference to Figure 20, and diesel oil-hydrogen fuel mixture (explanation once more, concrete fuel fabrication only is exemplary) is led to the line 851 of circulation loop 850 from fuel line 840, and leads to subsequently in a series of intrusion pipes 870,880.Particularly; In the exemplary embodiment; First intrusion pipe 870 is the counterflow configuration that illustrate and describe like Figure 16 and 17, and the second and the 3rd intrusion pipe 880 is the straight tubular intrusion pipes that illustrate and describe like Figure 13, and the 4th and the 5th intrusion pipe 870 also is configured to first reverse stream pipe.Quantity, configuration and the order that those skilled in the art will recognize intrusion pipe 870,880 from the Alternative exemplary mode of execution that above-mentioned discussion and this paper appear only order is the example of other aspects of the present invention, and nonrestrictive.Numerous other modification that also can use intrusion pipe to make up and arrange, and do not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention.As above combine Figure 15 said; After leaving last intrusion pipe 870 of series connection; Fuel mixture is through opaque metering meter 846; Thereby system control can in effective reflection fuel homogenize dynamically, whether override moves with other control units (flow control valve 844 of diesel oil flow data-triggered promptly is provided by online flow measurement 843) for the degree of real time data and vaporized fuel component (be hydrogen in this case) feed-in, thereby the supersaturation that prevents to have the liquid fuel of gas also possibly cause the system failure.Fuel never transparent meter meter 846 also arrives jet pumps 895 based on the demand of motor through first recycle pump 893 subsequently through filter 899; Perhaps through between the filter 899 and first recycle pump 893 by second recycle pump 853 (it is arranged in fuel line 853) circuit fuel line 854, thereby fuel returns fuel line 851 further to handle through the remaining part of system 820.Similarly, briefly with reference to Figure 21, show similar integrated fuel enhanced system 920, compare with Figure 20, it has some noticeable differences.At first, used five all to be the intrusion pipe 970 of " adverse current " configuration.Some are illustrated as level; Some are illustrated as vertical; But will from aforementioned discussion recognize intrusion pipe 970 do not rely on substantially towards; From the position of any this intrusion pipe 970 whole fuel enhanced system 920 then substantially by hardware and spatial limitation regulation, for example in engine compartment or in other places of vehicle.In addition; Thereby same the connection with controller 945 electronic communications to regulate in fact vaporized fuel is positioned at ejecting system to the opaque metering 946 of the dispensing of liquid fuel downstream with other sensors, quantifier and control apparatus cooperation; It is arranged in fuel line 951; Not only not by jet pump 995 with overflow fuel mixture that port fuel line 997 needs by from rail 990 altogether and this fuel line 951 of sparger 991 feed-ins, and newly by fuel line 941 send liquid state-gaseous fuel mixture also in this fuel line 951 of feed-in.Therefore; In the exemplary embodiment; Opaque metering meter 946 with the mixing snapshot of the fuel mixture at intrusion pipe 970 upper reaches as to the reflection of the fresh fuel mixture of fuel mixture combination, wherein, fuel mixture is through the whole system circulation primary.To recognize; This observation of fuel mixture can not provide the observation of the fuel (it is the same just to have left intrusion pipe 971 as it) under " best situation "; The observation of the fuel (it is the same just to have left mixing along fuel line 941 as it) under " the worst situation " can be provided yet; On the contrary, its intermediateness with the fuel mixture in the circular route 951 is shown as " intermediate value " data point type.Explanation once more, those skilled in that art will recognize once more that the position of opaque metering meter 946 and relative set thereof can be different between each system, and not depart from the scope of the present invention.
Continuation is with reference to Figure 21, and such fuel enhanced system 920 that homogenizes is installed on the 2009 popular Jetta TDI (turbo charged 2.0 liters of four cylinder engines have 16.5:1 compression ratio and 140 horsepowers and six fast auto-manual speed changes).In reality test, the diesel oil of each side-hydrogen fuel composition is mixed vehicle-mountedly and be used in the improved delivery of fuel of the each side according to the present invention system 920 according to the present invention, and wherein the pressure of hydrogen feed-in is about 200psi.Present and incorporated into mileage number test data by reference from the independent experiment chamber.Particularly; Jetta TDI standard mileage number (only diesel oil) result is 34.6 miles per gallons (34.6mpg); Wherein, vehicle under the situation that does not activate fuel enhanced system 920 and under the various loading conditions with the speed of approximately per hour 55 miles (55mph) under operation drive with the simulation adjustment.When Jetta TDI is that propellant composition (it by volume is measured as the hydrogen of the diesel oil and 2.2% (2.2%vol) of 97.8% (97.8%vol)) is when activating fuel enhanced system 920; Final average effective mileage number is 87.1 miles per gallons (87.1mpg), and perhaps the vehicle ground line (" only diesel oil " operation) than 34.6 miles per gallons (34.6mpg) has promoted 251.7%.Hydrogen feed-in pressure is that other tests of 375psi have shown remarkable liquid diesel fuel saving (about at least 30%) once more.In addition; City and expressway that 2009 popular Jetta TDI have write down greater than 5000 miles drive also; It can repeatedly utilize per 60 mile 1 gallons of diesel fuel to realize; The consumption of hydrogen is approximately per 60 miles 0.02 gallon, has saved 0.54 gallons of diesel fuel for per thus 60 miles, and it converts into has approximately increased by 60% fuel efficiency on the actual vehicle under the actual riving condition.Also the 2009 identical popular Jetta TDI that in fact are equipped with fuel enhanced system 920 as implied above and that realize above-mentioned efficiency gain have been carried out some emission tests in independent tail gas inspection post, the effluent standard test of the improvement of disclosure and improved Jetta not almost is consistent.The Jetta TDI that is equipped with fuel enhanced system 920 and other factory's exhaust apparatus goes out 4.31ppm hydrocarbon, 13.65% O from its tailpipe 2With 4.99% carbon dioxide, far below the EPA standard to the automaker of new enforcement, and NOx also is in low scope, is approximately 300ppm.
At last, with reference to Figure 22, show according to the different fuel enhanced system of each side of the present invention (for example: combine Figure 14,15 in the preceding text, shown in 20 and 21 and describe) in the exemplary capillary used ooze out the schematic representation of equipment 80.Particularly; With reference to these accompanying drawings of descriptive system 620,720,820 respectively and 920, show and be integrated in or ooze out equipment 80 with each high-pressure service pump 692,693 (Figure 14) and this capillary of 793 (Figure 15) or jet pump 895 (Figure 20) and 995 (Figure 21) use.The main purpose that capillary is oozed out equipment 80 is to prevent failure of pump; Especially seal failure for instance, is exceeding rated pressure (usually under this rated pressure like pump; Shaft sealing is not a weak link) situation under use; This hydraulic pressure that exceeds rated pressure even pump can be sent or circulate also seal failure can occur, and is particularly like this in gear pump usually.Therefore; Capillary is oozed out equipment 80 and is disposed around near the pump shaft the pump housing 88 89; As having outer tubular wall 81; This outer tubular wall 81 is with bolt or otherwise be fixed to the pump housing 88, thereby concentric with pump shaft 89 substantially, capillary ooze out equipment 80 also on axle 89 (for example: 0.0005 " headroom) have with essence and slide into copper sheathing 82 wherein with the mode of clean fit engagement.The headroom that copper sheathing 82 also has a some thousandths of with the internal surface of tubular wall 81 (for example; Less than 0.010 " headroom); and utilize O shape ring 83 sealing therein; O shape ring 83 also is used to allow to overlap 82 and is positioned at the center of pump shaft 89 and/or aligns with pump shaft 89, does not relatively almost have edge loading, has increased the spatial position and the pump of placement and the flexibility ratio of motor installation that influences pump shaft 89 thus.In copper sheathing 82 isolated opposite ends are shaft seal spares 84; Its position from the axle 89 in pump case 88 begins to move, and the interval between cover 82 and the shaft seal 84 allows to ooze out line 85 collections and discharging and any fuel pump shaft 89 and copper sheathing 82 between that ooze out along pump shaft 89 via capillary.In the exemplary embodiment, copper sheathing 82 remains on the pump shaft 89 with the retaining ring 86 of external shaft Sealing 84 by the internal surface that is positioned at outer tubular wall 81.To recognize; Utilize the pump inner shafts that this capillary around the pump shaft 89 that is positioned at pump case 88 outsides is oozed out equipment 80 and housing 88 outsides to seal the cover 82 that exceeds seal shaft 89; For pump operation another automatic anti-fault mechanism is provided thus; Even thereby originally be approximately 200psi or when higher, the pressure difference of the rear side of shaft seal (being copper sheathing 82 now) is reduced to about 60-100psi, on this basis when the fuel of pump; Any this fuel by copper sheathing 82 solutions or infiltration finally turns back to fuel system, and pump continues to move according to demand.In addition, the length that also will recognize the aspect ratio of copper sheathing 82 or overlap 82 pump shafts 89 that extend above that also helps to seal and slow down the effect of oozing out that capillary is oozed out equipment 80, thereby helps pump and its operation.One of skill in the art will appreciate that many other configurations, material and assembling method known or exploitation in the future capable of using come the capillary of embodiment of the present invention to ooze out equipment, and do not break away from its spirit and scope.
Generally speaking, with reference to the various exemplary intrusion pipe configuration that this paper illustrates and describes, notice that the necessary perfusion volume with the best depends on many other factors, comprises pressure and fuel flow rate (time).Higher perfusion volume can allow proportional (although non-linear) by volume the vaporized fuel of higher percent mix fully with homogenizing or be poured in the liquid fuel; In this case, use more intrusion pipe and fuel stops the less time (or with flow velocity through) faster in each intrusion pipe many fuel mixtures effectively still can homogenize.On the contrary, pressure is the same with other factors, and relatively low total perfusion volume also can be realized identical result, this be since fuel in each intrusion pipe by being slowed down, this realizes through pipe design or total system flow velocity or both jointly.Likewise; Not only the geometrical relationship of the length-to-diameter ratio rate of any given intrusion pipe is established as from 2:1 to 30:1 substantially, and other relations that adopt the principle of the present invention when work also can draw about total perfusion volume and size of engine or discharge capacity.Particularly; Set up general inference; Explanation once more; Other factors (for example pressure, temperature, flow velocity etc.) are the same, and it is enough that the relation that wherein per 1.0 liters of engine displacement have about 3.5 liters total perfusion volume has been considered to when the each side of implementing to illustrate and to describe according to this paper of the present invention.For example, for 2.0 liters of motors, the total perfusion volume that in the exemplary fuel enhanced system that homogenizes, uses is approximately 6.9 liters of (1.8 gallons or 420in 3), equal to have gage length and be 24 inches (24 ") nominal diameters and be five intrusion pipes of 2 inches (2 "), and always pour into volume thus just less than six liters, extra about one liter is included in system fuel filter and the line.Therefore, the total perfusion volume that equals only one or more intrusion pipes of engine displacement has been considered to be enough to realize the perfusion of many fuel mixtures of each side according to the present invention and homogenize.That is, one or more intrusion pipes of the present invention are used to promote filling process, thereby form the interpenetrating of internal structure of fuel.This effect realizes through following method: with liquid fuel be exposed to external matrix (for example gas) thus in fuel, share molecule space; Gas is filled in the liquid fuel to become composite fuel effectively; Explanation once more; This composite fuel is regarded as liquid by the remaining part (especially ejecting system) of system, even the variation of chemistry or molecular level does not all take place on any fuel component.As will recognizing from above-mentioned explanation, at the filling process leaf, the many fuel mixtures of liquid state-gaseous state are atomized and circulate with the grain size stability that promotes perfusion and form unique and independently make up material.Therefore; Filling process has shown according to the main of the fuel enhanced system that homogenizes of the present invention and via one or more intrusion pipes basic vaporized fuel has been combined in the ability in the liquid fuel; Wherein gas permeability changes in fuel mixture; Make it possible to optionally to strengthen expectation gas in liquid fuel with other work in the relevant transportation of factor (for example pressure and temperature), and further this many fuel fabrications of liquid state-gaseous state material is transported to the ejecting system and the final entering firing chamber of motor.Therefore, intrusion pipe is unique, this be because provide therein be used for fully will homogenize the vehicle environment of the fuel additive that within each other, disperses; Intrusion pipe has formed the requisite space that is used for the fuel mixture of preparation before spraying.To recognize once more that this intrusion pipe design and basic principle are not restricted to the exemplary perfusion structure that this paper illustrates and describes; And perfusion volume, intrusion pipe configuration and quantity and other system assembly and its relative size all should be understood that it only is the example of characteristic of the present invention and each side, are not to be limited to this.
More generally, whether no matter spell out, the petrolift that uses in the mode of execution of the present invention, valve, fuel line and analog can be any this assembly or equipment known or exploitation in the future, and it can be any configuration, size or ratio or function.Therefore, although the concrete relative size of assembly illustrates in the drawings, they only show principle of the present invention, in no case are restrictive.
In a word; Those skilled in the art will recognize that; The each side that homogenizes the fuel enhanced system of the present invention relates at least one circulation loop, and the outside that it is positioned at ejecting system is used for continuous circulation, mixes and keeps except that the homogenieity by the many fuel mixtures ejecting system (no matter being mechanical atomization or common rail) ejecting system needs or that be delivered to motor of motor; This system comprises that also at least one is configured in the intrusion pipe at least one circulation loop; Be used to provide volume expansion, wherein, fuel mixture can pour into and become thus and more homogenize.
Although described each side of the present invention in conjunction with at least one illustrative embodiments, those skilled in the art should be understood that obviously the present invention is not limited to this.The scope of the present invention claim that should only combine to enclose is explained, and clearly, the inventor believes that the theme of seeking to protect promptly is the present invention.

Claims (15)

1. one kind is used for the fuel enhanced system that homogenizes used with internal-combustion engine; This internal-combustion engine has ejecting system and limits engine displacement; This ejecting system comprises jet pump and at least one sparger; This system layout is the many fuel mixture operations of liquid state-gaseous state with vehicle-mounted formation, and improvement comprises:
Be positioned at least one outside circulation loop of ejecting system, be used for circulating continuously and keep the homogenieity of many fuel mixtures; And
Be positioned at least one intrusion pipe of circulation loop; Be used to provide volume expansion, wherein, liquid state-gaseous fuel mixture can more fully pour into and become thus and homogenize relatively more; Intrusion pipe defines the perfusion volume, and this perfusion volume equals engine displacement at least.
2. the fuel enhanced system that homogenizes as claimed in claim 1; Wherein, At least one intrusion pipe comprises tube wall, and this tube wall is covered by first end wall and second end wall at its each end, and first end wall has first passage at least; Perfusion volume in the intrusion pipe at least in part by side direction with at least a portion tube wall, axially be the space boundary on border with first end wall, the scope of the length-to-diameter ratio of perfusion volume at about 2:1 to approximately between the 30:1.
3. the fuel enhanced system that homogenizes as claimed in claim 2, wherein, at least one intrusion pipe also comprises:
Be formed in first end wall and be positioned near the second channel the first passage; And
Be installed in the following pipe on the passage in first or the second channel of first end wall; It has enough length to extend towards the second opposed end wall substantially; The most of length that flows thus through the compelled perfusion volume along wherein of many fuel mixtures of intrusion pipe moves, thereby promotes perfusion, atomizing and the mixing of the many fuel mixtures of liquid state-gaseous state.
4. the fuel enhanced system that homogenizes as claimed in claim 2; Wherein, Intrusion pipe also comprises the accumulator mechanism that is adjacent to second end wall; Thus, the perfusion volume is also by being the space boundary on border at the axial first end wall opposite position with the accumulator piston of accumulator mechanism, thus with the accumulator mechanism of perfusion volume cooperation with the absorption pressure surge in the fuel enhanced system that homogenizes.
5. the fuel enhanced system that homogenizes as claimed in claim 2; The intrusion pipe that comprises at least two series connection; Thus, from an intrusion pipe flow to next intrusion pipe many fuel mixtures continuous expansion and shrink perfusion, atomizing and the mixing further promoted the many fuel mixtures of liquid state-gaseous state.
6. the fuel enhanced system that homogenizes as claimed in claim 5, wherein,
Each intrusion pipe at least two intrusion pipes all is configured to have first passage and the second channel that is formed in first end wall, thereby radially runs through wall; And
Each first and second passage of at least two intrusion pipes of connector interconnection; And at least two intrusion pipes parallel interval is arranged abreast, substantially; A plurality of thus intrusion pipes are attached in the circulation loop of the fuel enhanced system that homogenizes with mode simple relatively and space-efficient, and do not need extra fuel line and anchor clamps.
7. the fuel enhanced system that homogenizes as claimed in claim 1, wherein, circulation loop also comprises heat exchanger.
8. the fuel enhanced system that homogenizes as claimed in claim 1 also comprises:
First circulation loop that comprises at least one intrusion pipe, from at least two casees that this first circulation loop fluid is communicated with supply with many fuel mixtures;
Second circulation loop that is communicated with the jet pump fluid of first circulation loop and motor; And
Accumulator mechanism, its bridge joint first and second circulation loops are to absorb pressure difference therebetween.
9. the fuel enhanced system that homogenizes as claimed in claim 1 also comprises:
Online flowmeter between liquid fuel case and at least one circulation loop, it is electrically connected to micro-processor control device, and the liquid fuel case is sent pump via at least one and is supplied with liquid fuel;
Online flow control valve between pressurized gaseous fuel tank and at least one circulation loop; It is electrically connected to micro-processor control device; Flow control valve be configured to the micro-processor control device cooperation operation with based on the data action that receives from flowmeter, thereby the vaporized fuel of optionally the vaporized fuel case being supplied with is introduced in the liquid fuel; And
Opaque flowmeter at least one circulation loop; It is electrically connected to micro-processor control device; Opaque flowmeter has at least one optical sensor, and this optical sensor estimates the vaporized fuel perfusion in the liquid fuel and these opacity data are offered micro-processor control device based on the relative opacity of the many fuel mixtures through opaque flowmeter, thus; If many fuel mixtures have high relatively opacity; Show the vaporized fuel content of relative elevation degree, micro-processor control device is closed flow control valve, thus though the liquid fuel data on flows that provides by flowmeter how; Do not allow any other vaporized fuel feed-in; Override flowmeter and flow control valve thus are lower than threshold value once more up to the opacity of the many fuel mixtures that detected by opaque flowmeter, thus the vaporized fuel supersaturation in the caused liquid fuel that prevents not expect and finally cause the vaporized fuel of tail-off to be introduced.
10. the fuel enhanced system that homogenizes as claimed in claim 9, wherein, opaque flowmeter comprises:
The flow shell, it comprises internal holes, and this internal holes has the pair of pistons that is installed in the opposite end, and the flow shell has the pair of connectors of installing at interval within it, thus connector is communicated with the internal holes fluid, and accomplish the fuel flow path footpath that flows into and flow out the flow shell thus; And
Be adjacent to the electronic shell of flow shell; Electronic shell comprises a pair of optical fiber connector; Optical fiber separately extends out from the optical fiber connector; Optical fiber wire is through piston and relative to each other terminate in the internal holes of flow shell with the relation of axial dipole field substantially, thereby optical fiber wire is arranged in the fuel flow path footpath and limits at least one optical fiber transducer thus.
11. the fuel enhanced system that homogenizes as claimed in claim 9, wherein, flow is counted digital flowmeter and/or Variable Area flowmeter.
12. like the fuel enhanced system that homogenizes of claim 11, wherein,
Flowmeter is configured to have a plurality of the setting a little; And
Micro-processor control device is configured to have timer; Thereby endurance that the control flow control valve is opened when the pulse of vaporized fuel is provided for liquid fuel and the time between the pulse; Timer based on from the data on flows of flowmeter with respect to an operation is set, and by opacity data override from opaque flowmeter.
13. the fuel enhanced system that homogenizes as claimed in claim 1 also comprises:
With at least one high-pressure service pump that at least one circulation loop fluid is communicated with, at least one high-pressure service pump comprises jet pump, the pump shaft that each this pump has the pump housing and therefrom extends; And
Capillary is oozed out equipment; It is configured to have the outer tubular wall around near the pump shaft the pump housing; Thereby it is concentric substantially with pump shaft that this outer tubular wall is fixed on the pump housing; This capillary equipment that oozes out also has therein the cover that on pump shaft, slides with the mode of clean fit engagement substantially, utilizes the outer tubular wall sealing of using O shape ring should cover, and this capillary equipment that oozes out also has the shaft seal spare of arranging with spaced relationship along pump shaft facing to cover; Space between cover and the shaft seal is a boundary with pump shaft and outer tubular wall, allow via and the capillary that intersects of outer tubular wall ooze out line and collect and be emitted on any fuel mixture that permeates between pump shaft and the cover.
14. the homogeneous fuel intensifier that the fuel enhanced system one that homogenizes that is used for internal-combustion engine works, this internal-combustion engine have engine displacement and be configured to the many fuel mixtures operations with vehicle-mounted formation, improvement comprises:
The tube wall that covers by first end wall and second opposed end wall at each end; First end wall has first passage and second channel; Perfusion volume in the intrusion pipe by side direction with at least a portion of tube wall be the space boundary of boundary laterally with first and second end walls; The scope of the length-to-diameter ratio of perfusion volume is between the extremely about 25:1 of about 5:1, and total perfusion volume of homogeneous fuel intensifier equals the discharge capacity of motor at least; And
Be installed in the following pipe on the passage in first or the second channel of first end wall; It has enough length to extend towards the second opposed end wall substantially; The most of length that flows thus through the compelled perfusion volume along wherein of many fuel mixtures of intrusion pipe moves, thereby promotes perfusion, atomizing and the mixing of the many fuel mixtures of liquid state-gaseous state.
15. the fuel intensifier that homogenizes like claim 14; Wherein, First and second passages all are formed in first end wall, thereby it is substantially perpendicular to the axle of tube wall, a plurality of thus this devices can be in the fuel enhanced system that homogenizes with the mode of simple relatively and space-efficient; Parallel interval ground is arranged substantially, and does not need extra fuel line and anchor clamps.
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