CN102628819A - Test method for evaluating oxidation stability of transformer oil under high-voltage alternating current or direct current field - Google Patents
Test method for evaluating oxidation stability of transformer oil under high-voltage alternating current or direct current field Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a test method for evaluating oxidation stability of transformer oil under a high-voltage alternating current (AC) or direct current (DC) field, and the method can be applied in evaluation and actual measurement of transformer oil oxidation stability. The method comprises: under a high-temperature and high-voltage AC or AC field and in the presence of a metal catalyst, introducing air or oxygen for accelerated oxidation of transformer oil, using an oil dielectric loss factor measuring electrode cup built in an analog device for on-line monitoring of the dielectric loss factor change, and taking the time needed for the monitored dielectric loss factor to reach the specified value 0.02 as an index for investigating the oxidation stability of transformer oil. The method provided in the invention can evaluate the oxidation stability of transformer oil under a high-temperature and high-voltage AC or AC field and with the presence of oxygen as well as a metal catalyst.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electrical network power transmission and transformation technical field, particularly the transformer oil of insulating material in the transformer is a kind of test method of under high-voltage alternating or DC electric field, evaluating the transformer oil oxidation stability.Be mainly used in of the evaluation of electrical equipments such as transformer, converter power transformer, mutual inductor, reactor with the oxidation stability of transformer oil.
Background technology
In recent years; Enforcement along with West-East Power Transmission Project; China's power industry has got into the developing period of big electrical network, extra-high voltage grid, has built up 750kV and 1000kV ultra-high voltage AC transmission engineering in succession, ± 500kV HVDC and ± 660kV and ± 800kV extra-high voltage direct-current transmission engineering.Transformer is an extremely important power transmission and transforming equipment in the power transmission engineering, and the overall development of its industry development and power industry is closely related.Domestic transformer industry has all had power transformer product kind, level and high voltage transformer capacity and increases substantially through introducing advanced foreign technology.Transformer in service will bear the long period effect of high voltage, lightning impulse and switching overvoltage; Therefore as the transformer oil of main insulating material in the transformer except that should possessing preferably electric property, also should possess exchange preferably or DC electric field under oxidation stability.
Transformer oil receives the catalytic action of metals such as high-voltage alternating electric field or DC electric field, alternating current-direct current superposition of electric field, high temperature, air and iron core, copper, silver at run duration and oxidation takes place; Produce acid substance corrosion solid insulating material; Be deposited on iron core and coil surface behind the greasy filth that generates and cause poor, the temperature rise of solid insulating layer heat transfer again; Make the solid insulating material cracking of wearing out, serious threat transformer long-term operation.Therefore, need carry out the evaluation of oxidation stability to transformer oil.
At present; All stipulated the assessment method of transformer oil oxidation stability both at home and abroad in the transformer oil standard, GB2536-91 and SH0040-09 stipulate to adopt SH/T 0206 method, ASTM D3487-2006 regulation to adopt the oxidation stability of evaluation transformer oil such as ASTM D2440 method, IEC60296-2003 regulation employing IEC61125 method.Existing transformer oil oxidation stability assessment method; All be to adopt similar principle; Promptly under the temperature of regulation, under the catalytic action of copper, carry out oxidation test at test period aerating oxygen or the air stipulated; Measure acid number and the deposition or the dielectric dissipation factor of oil after the oxidation, the acid number through oxygenated oil and the size of deposition and dielectric dissipation factor are judged the oxidation stability of transformer oil.The maximum defective of above method is that the operating condition of test condition and transformer differs bigger, does not consider the influence of high-voltage electric field to oxidation, and its evaluation results is difficult to reflect the oxidation process of transformer oil in physical device.As well known to those skilled in the art, transformer oil can be mineral oil (petroleum products), or synthetic silicone oil, or synthetic ester, or crude vegetal.
China's power department once designs one in the seventies in 20th century and is enclosed within analog machine and the test method of evaluating the transformer oil anti-oxidative stability under the AC field condition; But there is following defective in this equipment: the one, can only under AC field, evaluate the antioxygenic property of transformer oil, and can not under DC electric field, evaluate; The 2nd, electric field intensity is fixing can not adjust and electric field intensity less; The 3rd, the oxygen that feeds does not have distributing pipe; The 4th, as " oxidation life-span ", compare not science of this project of employing as the operating condition of insulating oil when the water soluble acid of transformer oil reaches 0.014mgKOH/g after the employing oxidation with transformer oil; The 5th, receive at that time that technical merit limits, the automatic control level is low.
Oilman skill magazine the 6th is interim, has delivered one piece " application in the transformer oil antioxygenic property evaluation of Bench Evaluation technology ".Transformer oil oxidation stability assessment method there is argumentation.But there is defective in this equipment: the one, and the oxygen that feeds does not have distributing pipe, causes oxygen skewness in the test oil sample, can not realize the even oxidation of Total Test oil sample; The 2nd, required time was as " oxidation life-span " when the acid number of transformer oil reached set quota after the employing oxidation; Compare not science of this project of employing with transformer oil as the operating condition of insulating oil, can not directly embody transformer oil decreasing insulating trend and degree; The 3rd, measuring process can not realize measuring automatically and automatic data collection.
Deficiency to existing transformer oil oxidation stability assessment method.Be badly in need of the state of development that exploitation one cover is fit to present high-voltage alternating transformer and converter power transformer, the simulation test device and the method for evaluation transformer oil antioxygenic property under high-voltage alternating or DC electric field are for the assessment transformer provides technical support with oil.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is: the test method that evaluation transformer oil oxidation stability under a kind of high-voltage alternating or the DC electric field is provided; Can be in the oxidation process of experiment lab simulation transformer oil at the charged operational process of transformer; And can measure the signal that the transformer oil dielectric dissipation factor changes under the factor effects such as different ac electric field strengths, DC electric field intensity, air mass flow, temperature; Obtain the time of the decreasing insulating of this transformer oil of reflection, predict serviceable life for transformer oil reliable experimental is provided to limits value (need carry out renew oil this moment).
The technical scheme that the present invention adopts is: the test method of evaluation transformer oil oxidation stability under high-voltage alternating or the DC electric field; It is characterized in that: transformer oil is under high temperature and high pressure interchange or DC electric field; Under metallic catalyst (such as the insulated copper wire of small-sized AC transformer itself, siliconized plate, steel and silver soldering junctor etc.) existence condition; Bubbling air or oxygen; Carry out the accelerated oxidation of transformer oil; Utilize the variation of the dielectric dissipation factor of the built-in oil loss factor potential electrode cup on-line monitoring transformer oil of analogue means, the needed time comprised the steps: as the oxidation stability index of investigating transformer oil when monitoring reached setting 0.02
Steps A, taking by weighing the transformer oil sample, the transformer oil sample is heated to 50～60 ℃, is the processed that outgases under 0.1333～1.333KPa in vacuum tightness, and the moisture of handling back transformer oil sample is less than 10mg/kg; Temperature be under 90 ℃ of conditions dielectric dissipation factor less than 0.001;
Step B, high-field electrode, miniature gears pump, low-field electrode, gas service pipes, liquid level sensor, temperature sensor and effective 60～90 ℃ of sherwood oils of oil loss factor potential electrode cup, outer cover, vertical loading board and teflon are cleaned, dry; With the small-sized AC transformer of the air purge of dry cleansing, purge time at least 5 minutes;
Step C, high-field electrode, miniature gears pump, gas service pipes, liquid level sensor, temperature sensor and oil loss factor potential electrode cup are fixed to urceolus cover; The low-field electrode tube is fixed on the small-sized AC transformer; Small-sized AC transformer is lifted on urceolus through four vertical loading boards and covers; Adjustment lifting position vertically penetrates the low-field electrode tube with the assurance high-field electrode, and is in the center of low-field electrode tube; The import of miniature gears pump is connected through polyfluortetraethylene pipe with the outlet of oil loss factor potential electrode cup; Putting into vacuum drying chamber with forming good outer cover and urceolus, is under 1～5kPa condition dry 30 minutes in vacuum tightness, removes the moisture that metal surface and insulating paper adsorb;
The outer cover of step D, combination that drying is the good urceolus of vertically packing into; Transformer oil sample with after handling adopts the vacuum injection mode, is injected in the urceolus, when liquid level sensor is reported to the police, stops to inject.
Step e, above-mentioned analogue means is placed in the testing table on the disc type well heater; The high-field electrode of analogue means links to each other with the high voltage ac/dc generator through the High-Voltage Insulation cable; The small-sized AC transformer output terminal of analogue means links to each other with the capacitor group through cable, and the oil loss factor potential electrode cup of analogue means links to each other with hyperchannel oil loss factor measuring bridge through cable; Transformer oil sample temperature in the analogue means is heated to test temperature (as 90 ℃); On high-field electrode, applying 0～50kV ± 0.1kV exchanges or 0～70kV ± 0.1kV DC voltage; On small-sized AC transformer, apply the 380V alternating voltage; Feed dry air or oxygen with flow rate 100mL/min, carry out oxidation test;
Step F, the record on-test moment T0; Set 1～10 hour measuring period of dielectric dissipation factor of transformer oil sample; Simultaneously oil loss factor potential electrode cup writes down the dielectric dissipation factor value of transformer oil sample automatically, when reaching the value 0.02 that test confirms to the dielectric dissipation factor value, stops to test; Record stops test T1 constantly, anti-oxidant test period T:T=T1-T0 once more.T represents the time, unit: hour;
Step G, above-mentioned analogue means control system is broken off, naturally cool to below 50 ℃, the transformer oil sample in the analogue means is taken out, be used for other physicochemical property and electrical properties analysis.
The test unit of evaluation transformer oil oxidation stability comprises computing machine, switch board, testing table under high-voltage alternating or the DC electric field.Be connected signal wire between computing machine and the switch board; Lead is connected between switch board and the testing table, and 3～10 analogue means are arranged on the testing table.
Testing table mainly is made up of high voltage ac/dc generator, analogue means, disc type well heater, capacitor group, a hyperchannel oil loss factor measuring bridge.The analogue means seat is on the disc type well heater; The high-field electrode of analogue means links to each other with the high voltage ac/dc generator through the High-Voltage Insulation cable; The small-sized AC transformer output terminal of analogue means links to each other with the capacitor group through cable, and the oil loss factor potential electrode cup of analogue means links to each other with hyperchannel oil loss factor measuring bridge through cable; What hyperchannel oil loss factor measuring bridge adopted is the dielectric dissipation factor measuring bridge that uses in the frequency-conversion harmonic analytic approach, and hyperchannel oil loss factor measuring bridge does not belong to content of the present invention, and those skilled in the art know.
Analogue means is made up of high-tension electricity polar body, miniature gears pump, outer cover, polyfluortetraethylene pipe, low-field electrode tube, vertical loading board, small-sized AC transformer, gas service pipes, liquid level sensor, temperature sensor, oil loss factor potential electrode cup and urceolus.High-field electrode, miniature gears pump, gas service pipes, liquid level sensor, temperature sensor and oil loss factor potential electrode cup are fixed to urceolus to cover; Low-field electrode is fixed on the small-sized AC transformer; Small-sized AC transformer is lifted on urceolus through four vertical loading boards and covers; Adjustment lifting position vertically penetrates the low-field electrode tube with the assurance high-field electrode, and is in the center; The outlet of the import of miniature gears pump and oil loss factor potential electrode cup is connected through polyfluortetraethylene pipe, with forming the good outer cover urceolus of vertically packing into.The miniature gears pump is used to realize testing oil sample circulating in oil loss factor potential electrode cup, to guarantee the homogeneity of measurement result.Oil loss factor potential electrode cup links to each other with hyperchannel oil loss factor measuring bridge through cable, and measurement result is transferred to through the wireless launcher on the measuring bridge in the software of control system, to realize the collection and the collection of data.
Dielectric dissipation factor potential electrode cup comprises signal measurement end, electrode bowl cover, ceramic insulation ring, leakage fluid dram pipe, pole cup urceolus, interior electrode body, high-tension electricity incoming end and inlet pipe.Interior electrode body upper end sealing and fixing is in ceramic insulation ring center screw, and the ceramic insulation ring is installed on the step of pole cup urceolus upper end inwall, on the step of pole cup urceolus upper end inwall O-ring seal is arranged; The electrode body lower end is suspended in the pole cup urceolus in columniform, and forms the oil filled cavity of annular between interior electrode body outer wall and the pole cup outer tube inner wall; There is external thread the upper end of pole cup urceolus, and screw thread is fixed with the electrode bowl cover in the upper end of pole cup urceolus; The leakage fluid dram pipe passes the electrode bowl cover and the ceramic insulation ring is communicated with oil filled cavity; The signal measurement end passes the electrode bowl cover and signal measurement end lower end links to each other with interior electrode body; Pole cup urceolus lower end is fixed with the inlet pipe, and the inlet pipe is communicated with the oil filled cavity of pole cup urceolus lower end; The high-tension electricity incoming end is fixed on the pole cup outer tube side wall.
Switch board is made up of PLC controller, manual pressure regulator, shift knob, gas glass flow rate meter, mass-flow gas meter, fluid level controller, dielectric dissipation factor measuring bridge controller and several AC relays and overcurrent protector.The structure of switch board does not belong to content of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can accomplish.
Computing machine carries out multichannel high voltage, temperature, gas flow and oil loss factor respectively through PLC controller in the switch board and measures control; Be transferred to high voltage ac/dc generator on the testing table, disc type well heater and a hyperchannel oil loss factor measuring bridge, respectively the high-field electrode of a plurality of analogue means on the testing table imported 0～50kV alternating voltage or 0～70kV dc high voltage; Control disc type well heater is to charging into the transformer oil heating; Regularly oil loss factor potential electrode cup input measurement is controlled; Computing machine is exported multi-way low voltage and gas flow control respectively, is transferred on the small-sized AC transformer of a plurality of analogue means on the testing table and in the gas service pipes through PLC controller in the switch board; Regularly gather the dielectric dissipation factor value of transformer oil in a plurality of analogue means, be recorded in and carry out analytical calculation in the software.
The high voltage ac/dc generator can be exported 0～50kV alternating voltage or export 0～70kV DC voltage.
The high-tension electricity polar body is made up of high-field electrode and low-field electrode tube, and the distance between interior electrode and the external electrode is 10mm, and according to the AC and DC power supply that is disposed, generation electric field intensity is that AC field and the electric field intensity of 0～5kV/mm is the DC electric field of 0～7kV/mm.
Small-sized AC transformer winding is formed by the coiling of paper bag insulated copper wire, and no-load voltage ratio is 380V/220V, and output terminal connects one 70 μ F capacitor groups, forms the 4.5A electric current.
The miniature gears pump is used to realize testing oil sample circulating in oil loss factor potential electrode cup, to guarantee the homogeneity of measurement result.Oil loss factor potential electrode cup links to each other with hyperchannel oil loss factor measuring bridge through cable, and measurement result is transferred to through the wireless launcher on the measuring bridge in the software of control system, to realize the collection and the collection of data.
Simulation test device principle of the present invention: this technology be transformer oil in the high temperature and high pressure alterating and direct current after the match; Bubbling air or oxygen; Carry out the accelerated oxidation of transformer oil; And utilize the technology of the dielectric dissipation factor of on-line monitoring transformer oil, when monitoring reaches setting the needed time as the oxidation stability of investigating transformer oil can mode.
Transformer oil oxidation stability examination mode involved in the present invention; It is the technology of utilizing the dielectric dissipation factor of on-line monitoring transformer oil; The needed time could as the oxidation stability of investigating transformer oil when the dielectric dissipation factor of monitoring oil reached setting; Adopt oxidation stability that advancing the speed of transformer oil dielectric dissipation factor characterize transformer oil can technology, the rate of rise that substitutes the acid number through oxygenated oil characterize the transformer oil oxidation stability can conventional art.Dielectric dissipation factor is the most critical index that characterizes the insulating property of transformer oil, and insulating property are the most basic performances of transformer oil.Therefore adopt dielectric dissipation factor to advance the speed, the oxidation stability that characterizes transformer oil can have practical meaning.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the test method of evaluation transformer oil oxidation stability under high-voltage alternating of the present invention or the DC electric field, the oxidation stability ability of differentiating transformer oil, the use " life-span " of differentiating transformer oil qualitatively quantitatively.Can be in the oxidation process of experiment lab simulation transformer oil at the charged operational process of transformer; The signal that the transformer oil dielectric dissipation factor changes under the factor effects such as the different ac electric field strengths of energy measurement, DC electric field intensity, air mass flow, temperature; The decreasing insulating of true this transformer oil of reflection was predicted serviceable life for transformer oil reliable experimental is provided to the time of limits value (need carry out renew oil this moment).
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 test platform structure synoptic diagram: 1-high voltage ac/dc generator, 2-analogue means, 3-disc type well heater, 4-capacitor group, 5-hyperchannel oil loss factor measuring bridge.
Fig. 2 is the analogue means cut-away view: 6-high-tension electricity polar body, 7-miniature gears pump, the outer cover of 8-; The 9-polyfluortetraethylene pipe, 10-low-field electrode tube, 11-vertical loading board; The small-sized AC transformer of 12-, 13-gas service pipes, 14-liquid level sensor; The 15-temperature sensor, 16-oil loss factor potential electrode cup, 17-urceolus.
Fig. 3 oil loss factor potential electrode cup structure: 18-signal measurement end, 19-electrode bowl cover, 20-ceramic insulation ring, 21-leakage fluid dram pipe; 22-pole cup urceolus, 23-oil filled cavity, electrode body in the 24-; 25-high-tension electricity incoming end, 26-O-ring seal, 27-inlet pipe.
No. 25 transformer oil base oils and product oil oxidizing process dielectric dissipation factor variation tendency in Fig. 4 instance 1;
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: once to utilize under high-voltage alternating or the DC electric field test method of evaluation transformer oil oxidation stability, measuring No. 25 transformer oil base oils and product oil oxidizing process dielectric dissipation factor is example, and the present invention is done further explain.
The test unit of evaluation transformer oil oxidation stability mainly comprises computing machine, switch board, testing table under high-voltage alternating or the DC electric field.Be connected signal wire between computing machine and the switch board; Lead is connected between switch board and the testing table, and 4 analogue means are arranged on the testing table.
Consult Fig. 1.Testing table is made up of four high voltage ac/dc generators 1, four analogue means 2, four disc type well heaters 3, four capacitor groups 4, a hyperchannel oil loss factor measuring bridge 5.2 of analogue means are on disc type well heater 3; The high-field electrode 6 of analogue means 2 links to each other with high voltage ac/dc generator 1 through the High-Voltage Insulation cable; Small-sized AC transformer 12 output terminals of analogue means 2 link to each other with capacitor group 4 through cable, and the oil loss factor potential electrode cup 16 of analogue means 2 links to each other with a hyperchannel oil loss factor measuring bridge 5 through cable; Hyperchannel oil loss factor measuring bridge 5 is the dielectric dissipation factor measuring bridges that adopt frequency-conversion harmonic analytic approach principle.
Consult Fig. 2.Analogue means 2 is made up of high-tension electricity polar body 6, miniature gears pump 7, outer cover 8, polyfluortetraethylene pipe 9, low-field electrode tube 10, vertical loading board 11, small-sized AC transformer 12, gas service pipes 13, liquid level sensor 14, temperature sensor 15, oil loss factor potential electrode cup 16 and urceolus 17.High-field electrode 6, miniature gears pump 7, gas service pipes 13, liquid level sensor 14, temperature sensor 15 and oil loss factor potential electrode cup 16 are fixed on the outer cover 8; Low-field electrode 10 is fixed on the small-sized AC transformer 12; Small-sized AC transformer 12 is lifted on urceolus through four vertical loading boards 11 and covers; Adjustment lifting position vertically penetrates low-field electrode tube 10 with assurance high-field electrode 6, and is in the center; 16 outlets of the import of miniature gears pump 7 and oil loss factor potential electrode cup are connected through polyfluortetraethylene pipe 9, with forming good outer cover 8 urceolus 17 of vertically packing into.The internal diameter of urceolus 17: 400mm, highly: 500mm.
Consult Fig. 3.Dielectric dissipation factor potential electrode cup 16 comprises signal measurement end 18, electrode bowl cover 19, ceramic insulation ring 20, leakage fluid dram pipe 21, pole cup urceolus 22, interior electrode body 24, high-tension electricity incoming end 25 and inlet pipe 27.Interior electrode body 24 upper end sealing and fixing are in ceramic insulation ring 20 center screws, and ceramic insulation ring 20 is installed on the step of pole cup urceolus 22 upper end inwalls, on the step of pole cup urceolus 22 upper end inwalls O-ring seal 26 is arranged; Electrode body 24 lower ends are suspended in the pole cup urceolus 22 in columniform, and form the oil filled cavity 23 of annular between interior electrode body 24 outer walls and pole cup urceolus 22 inwalls; There is external thread the upper end of pole cup urceolus 22, and screw thread is fixed with electrode bowl cover 19 in the upper end of pole cup urceolus 22; Leakage fluid dram pipe 21 passes electrode bowl cover 19 and is communicated with oil filled cavity 23 with ceramic insulation ring 20; Signal measurement end 18 passes electrode bowl cover 19 and signal measurement end 18 lower ends link to each other with interior electrode body 24; Pole cup urceolus 22 lower ends are fixed with inlet pipe 27, and inlet pipe 27 is communicated with the oil filled cavity 23 of pole cup urceolus 22 lower ends; High-tension electricity incoming end 25 is fixed on pole cup urceolus 22 sidewalls.
Switch board is by PLC controller, manual pressure regulator, and shift knob, gas glass flow rate meter, mass-flow gas meter, fluid level controller, dielectric dissipation factor measuring bridge controller, several AC relays and overcurrent protector are formed.
Computing machine carries out multichannel high voltage, temperature, gas flow and oil loss factor respectively through PLC controller in the switch board and measures control; Be transferred to four high voltage ac/dc generators 1, disc type well heater 3 and hyperchannel oil loss factor measuring bridges 5 on the testing table, respectively to the high-field electrode 6 of four analogue means 2 on the testing table; 3 pairs of control disc type well heaters charge into the transformer oil heating; Regularly oil loss factor potential electrode cup 16 input measurements are controlled; Computing machine is exported four tunnel low-voltages and gas flow control respectively, is transferred on the small-sized AC transformer 12 of four analogue means on the testing table and in the gas service pipes 6 through PLC controller in the switch board; Regularly gather the dielectric dissipation factor value of transformer oil in four analogue means, be recorded in and carry out analytical calculation in the software.
The high-tension electricity polar body is made up of high-field electrode 6 and low-field electrode tube 10, and the distance between interior electrode and the external electrode is 10mm, and according to the direct supply that is disposed, producing electric field intensity is the DC electric field of 2kV/mm.
Small-sized AC transformer 12 windings are formed by the coiling of paper bag insulated copper wire, and no-load voltage ratio is 380V/220V, and output terminal connects 70 μ F capacitors, form the 4.5A electric current.
The test method of evaluation transformer oil oxidation stability under high-voltage alternating or the DC electric field,
Steps A, taking by weighing No. 25 transformer oil samples of 20kg, No. 25 transformer oil samples are heated to 55 ℃, is the processed that outgases under the 1.333KPa in vacuum tightness, and the moisture of handling back transformer oil sample is less than 10mg/kg; In temperature is that dielectric dissipation factor is 0.0005 under 90 ℃ of conditions;
Step B, four groups of high-field electrodes 6, miniature gears pump 7, low-field electrode 10, gas service pipes 13, liquid level sensor 14, temperature sensor 15 and oil loss factor potential electrode cup 16, outer cover 8, vertical loading board 11 and 80 ℃ of sherwood oils of polyfluortetraethylene pipe 9 usefulness are cleaned; Dry; With the small-sized AC transformer 12 of the air purge of dry cleansing, air purge 5 minutes;
Step C, will be ready to high-field electrode 6, miniature gears pump 7, gas service pipes 13, liquid level sensor 14, temperature sensor 15 and oil loss factor potential electrode cup 16 are fixed on the outer cover 8; Low-field electrode tube 10 is fixed on the small-sized AC transformer 12; Small-sized AC transformer 12 is lifted on the outer cover 8 through four vertical loading boards 11; Adjustment lifting position, high-field electrode 6 vertically penetrates low-field electrode tube 10, and is in the center; The import of miniature gears pump 7 is connected through polyfluortetraethylene pipe 9 with 16 outlets of oil loss factor potential electrode cup; Putting into vacuum drying chamber with forming good outer cover 8 with urceolus 17, is under the 1kPa condition dry 30 minutes in vacuum tightness, removes the moisture that metal surface and insulating paper adsorb;
The outer cover 8 of step D, combination that drying is the good urceolus 17 of vertically packing into; To handle back transformer oil sample, and adopt the vacuum injection mode, and be injected in the urceolus 17, transformer oil sample injection rate IR is 15kg; Liquid level sensor 14 is reported to the police, and stops to inject.
Step e, above-mentioned four groups of analogue means 2 are placed in the testing table on the disc type well heater 3; The high-field electrode 6 of analogue means 2 links to each other with high voltage ac/dc generator 1 through the High-Voltage Insulation cable; Small-sized AC transformer 12 output terminals of analogue means 2 link to each other with capacitor group 4 through cable, and the oil loss factor potential electrode cup 16 of analogue means 2 links to each other with hyperchannel oil loss factor measuring bridge 5 through cable; Transformer oil sample temperature in the analogue means 2 is heated to 90 ℃ of test temperatures; On high-field electrode 6, apply 20kV ± 0.1kV DC voltage; On small-sized AC transformer 12, apply the 380V alternating voltage; Flow rate 100mL/min with the air of testing requirements feeds dry air or oxygen, carries out oxidation test;
Step F, the record on-test moment T0: the mornings 9 point; Set 5 hours measuring periods of dielectric dissipation factor of transformer oil sample; And write down the dielectric dissipation factor value of transformer oil sample automatically; When reaching the value 0.02 that test confirms to the dielectric dissipation factor value, stop test, record stops test T1 constantly once more: the 2 pm after 40 days.No. 25 anti-oxidant cycle T of transformer oil base oil: 76 hours, No. 25 anti-oxidant cycle T of transformer oil product oil: 745 hours.
Consult Fig. 4.Obtain No. 25 transformer oil base oils and the product oil oxidizing process dielectric dissipation factor variation tendency of embodiment 1.
Claims (4)
1. the test method of evaluation transformer oil oxidation stability under high-voltage alternating or the DC electric field; It is characterized in that: transformer oil is under high temperature and high pressure interchange or DC electric field; Under the metallic catalyst existence condition; Bubbling air or oxygen carry out the accelerated oxidation of transformer oil, utilize the variation of the dielectric dissipation factor of built-in oil loss factor potential electrode cup (16) the on-line monitoring transformer oil of analogue means; The needed time comprised the steps: as the oxidation stability index of investigating transformer oil when monitoring reached setting 0.02
Steps A, taking by weighing the transformer oil sample, the transformer oil sample is heated to 50～60 ℃, is the processed that outgases under 0.1333～1.333KPa in vacuum tightness, and the moisture of handling back transformer oil sample is less than 10mg/kg; Temperature be under 90 ℃ of conditions dielectric dissipation factor less than 0.001;
Step B, high-field electrode (6), miniature gears pump (7), low-field electrode (10), gas service pipes (13), liquid level sensor (14), temperature sensor (15) and oil loss factor potential electrode cup (16), outer cover (8), vertical loading board (11) and polyfluortetraethylene pipe (9) are cleaned with 60～90 ℃ of sherwood oils; Dry; With the small-sized AC transformer of the air purge of dry cleansing (12), purge time at least 5 minutes;
Step C, high-field electrode (6), miniature gears pump (7), gas service pipes (13), liquid level sensor (14), temperature sensor (15) and oil loss factor potential electrode cup (16) are fixed on the outer cover (8); Low-field electrode tube (10) is fixed on the small-sized AC transformer (12); Small-sized AC transformer (12) is lifted on the outer cover (8) through four vertical loading boards (11); Adjustment lifting position, high-field electrode (6) vertically penetrates low-field electrode tube (10), and is in the center of low-field electrode tube (10); The import of miniature gears pump (7) is connected through polyfluortetraethylene pipe (9) with oil loss factor potential electrode cup (16) outlet; Putting into vacuum drying chamber with forming good outer cover (8) and urceolus (17), is under 1～5kPa condition dry 30 minutes in vacuum tightness, removes the moisture that metal surface and insulating paper adsorb;
The outer cover (8) of step D, combination that drying is the good urceolus (17) of vertically packing into; Transformer oil sample with after handling adopts the vacuum injection mode, is injected in the urceolus (17), when liquid level sensor (14) is reported to the police, stops to inject;
Step e, above-mentioned analogue means (2) is placed in the testing table on the disc type well heater (3); The high-field electrode (6) of analogue means (2) links to each other with high voltage ac/dc generator (1) through the High-Voltage Insulation cable; Small-sized AC transformer (12) output terminal of analogue means (2) links to each other with capacitor group (4) through cable, and the oil loss factor potential electrode cup (16) of analogue means (2) links to each other with hyperchannel oil loss factor measuring bridge (5) through cable; Transformer oil sample temperature in the analogue means (2) is heated to test temperature; On high-field electrode (6), applying 0～50kV ± 0.1kV exchanges or 0～70kV ± 0.1kV DC voltage; On small-sized AC transformer (12), apply the 380V alternating voltage; Feed dry air or oxygen with flow rate 100mL/min, carry out oxidation test;
Step F, the record on-test moment T0; Set 1～10 hour measuring period of dielectric dissipation factor of transformer oil sample; Simultaneously oil loss factor potential electrode cup (16) writes down the dielectric dissipation factor value of transformer oil sample automatically, when reaching the value 0.02 that test confirms to the dielectric dissipation factor value, stops to test; Record stops test T1 constantly, anti-oxidant test period T:T=T1-T0 once more; T represents the time, unit: hour;
Step G, above-mentioned analogue means control system is broken off, naturally cool to below 50 ℃, the transformer oil sample in the analogue means is taken out, be used for other physicochemical property and electrical properties analysis.
2. the test method of evaluation transformer oil oxidation stability under high-voltage alternating according to claim 1 or the DC electric field; It is characterized in that: the test unit of evaluation transformer oil oxidation stability under the high-voltage alternating of use or the DC electric field comprises computing machine, switch board, testing table; Be connected signal wire between computing machine and the switch board; Lead is connected between switch board and the testing table, and 3～10 analogue means are arranged on the testing table;
Testing table mainly is made up of high voltage ac/dc generator (1), analogue means (2), disc type well heater (3), capacitor group (4), a hyperchannel oil loss factor measuring bridge (5); Analogue means (2) seat is on disc type well heater (3); The high-field electrode (6) of analogue means (2) links to each other with high voltage ac/dc generator (1) through the High-Voltage Insulation cable; Small-sized AC transformer (12) output terminal of analogue means (2) links to each other with capacitor group (4) through cable, and the oil loss factor potential electrode cup (16) of analogue means (2) links to each other with hyperchannel oil loss factor measuring bridge (5) through cable;
Analogue means (2) is made up of high-tension electricity polar body (6), miniature gears pump (7), outer cover (8), polyfluortetraethylene pipe (9), low-field electrode tube (10), vertical loading board (11), small-sized AC transformer (12), gas service pipes (13), liquid level sensor (14), temperature sensor (15), oil loss factor potential electrode cup (16) and urceolus (17); High-field electrode (6), miniature gears pump (7), gas service pipes (13), liquid level sensor (14), temperature sensor (15) and oil loss factor potential electrode cup (16) are fixed on the outer cover (8); Low-field electrode (10) is fixed on the small-sized AC transformer (12); Small-sized AC transformer (12) is lifted on urceolus through four vertical loading boards (11) and covers; High-field electrode (6) vertically penetrates low-field electrode tube (10); And be in the center, the outlet of the import of miniature gears pump (7) and oil loss factor potential electrode cup (16) is connected through polyfluortetraethylene pipe (9), with forming the outer cover (8) of the getting well urceolus (17) of vertically packing into; Oil loss factor potential electrode cup (16) links to each other with hyperchannel oil loss factor measuring bridge (5) through cable;
Dielectric dissipation factor potential electrode cup (16) comprises signal measurement end (18), electrode bowl cover (19), ceramic insulation ring (20), leakage fluid dram pipe (21), pole cup urceolus (22), interior electrode body (24), high-tension electricity incoming end (25) and inlet pipe (27); Interior electrode body (24) upper end sealing and fixing is in ceramic insulation ring (20) center screw, and ceramic insulation ring (20) is installed on the step of pole cup urceolus (22) upper end inwall, on the step of pole cup urceolus (22) upper end inwall O-ring seal (26) is arranged; Electrode body (24) lower end is suspended in the pole cup urceolus (22) in columniform, and forms the oil filled cavity (23) of annular between interior electrode body (24) outer wall and pole cup urceolus (22) inwall; There is external thread the upper end of pole cup urceolus (22), is fixed with electrode bowl cover (19) at the upper end screw thread of pole cup urceolus (22); Leakage fluid dram pipe (21) passes electrode bowl cover (19) and ceramic insulation ring (20) is communicated with oil filled cavity (23); Signal measurement end (18) passes electrode bowl cover (19) and signal measurement end (18) lower end links to each other with interior electrode body (24); Pole cup urceolus (22) lower end is fixed with inlet pipe (27), and inlet pipe (27) is communicated with the oil filled cavity (23) of pole cup urceolus (22) lower end; High-tension electricity incoming end (25) is fixed on pole cup urceolus (22) sidewall.
3. the test unit of evaluation transformer oil oxidation stability under high-voltage alternating according to claim 2 or the DC electric field; It is characterized in that: the high-tension electricity polar body by and high-field electrode (6) and low-field electrode tube (10) form; Distance between interior electrode and the external electrode is 10mm; According to the AC and DC power supply that is disposed, generation electric field intensity is that AC field and the electric field intensity of 0～5kV/mm is the DC electric field of 0～7kV/mm.
4. the test unit of evaluation transformer oil oxidation stability under high-voltage alternating according to claim 2 or the DC electric field; It is characterized in that: small-sized AC transformer (12) winding is formed by the coiling of paper bag insulated copper wire; No-load voltage ratio is 380V/220V; Output terminal connects one 70 μ F capacitors, forms the 4.5A electric current.
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