CN102621507A - Obtaining method of direct current magnetic biasing hysteresis loop of transformer core material - Google Patents
Obtaining method of direct current magnetic biasing hysteresis loop of transformer core material Download PDFInfo
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- CN102621507A CN102621507A CN2012101098440A CN201210109844A CN102621507A CN 102621507 A CN102621507 A CN 102621507A CN 2012101098440 A CN2012101098440 A CN 2012101098440A CN 201210109844 A CN201210109844 A CN 201210109844A CN 102621507 A CN102621507 A CN 102621507A
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Abstract
The invention provides an obtaining method of a direct current magnetic biasing hysteresis loop of a transformer core material, relates to measurement of the hysteresis loop, and has the following steps of manufacturing a device used by the method by using a variable-voltage transformer, a transformer core model, a direct current source, a digital oscilloscope, a power analyzer and a power frequency alternating current power supply, and obtaining any given alternating current working point in the scope of 27 V-486V by using the device according to 13 steps, namely the biasing hysteresis loop of the transformer core material to be measured under the effect of any given direct current magnetic biasing magnetic field intensity in the scope of voltage Ug output by the power frequency alternating current power supply and in the scope of 0.1 A-2A. The obtaining method adopts the mode of alternating current and direct current series connection stimulation same with that when an actual transformer generates direct current magnetic biasing, simulates direct current magnetic flow in an overlapping iron core material under working conditions of the direct current magnetic biasing, and completely meets actual situations when the power transformer has the direct current magnetic biasing. Obtained direct current magnetic biasing hysteresis loop of the transformer core material is close to the true value.
Description
Technical field
Technical scheme of the present invention relates to the measurement of B-H loop, specifically the preparation method of the DC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop of transformer core material.
Background technology
Along with the continuous development of China's extra-high voltage direct-current transmission technology, the transformer DC magnetic bias problem becomes increasingly conspicuous, and has become the problem that needs to be resolved hurrily in the engineering reality.The researching DC magnetic bias all is very necessary to the influence of AC transformer for transformer manufacturing firm, power system management and construction department, and this has caused domestic and international design of transformer and scientific research personnel's attention.
The transformer DC magnetic bias phenomenon is meant and causes transformer fe to occur direct current flux in the heart for a certain reason, makes transformer core present the asymmetric saturated and a series of galvanomagnetic effects that cause thus of positive-negative half-cycle.Transformer is under the DC magnetic biasing condition of work, and total magnetic flux unshakable in one's determination during the superimposed formation magnetic bias of direct current flux and exchange flux is in the half period consistent with the DC magnetic biasing direction; Degree of saturation unshakable in one's determination increases greatly; In the half period in the opposite direction with DC magnetic biasing, degree of saturation unshakable in one's determination weakens, and makes exciting curent present the asymmetric shape of positive-negative half-cycle; Spike appears in positive half cycle, and its peakedness ratio does not have bias magnetic field, and to do the time spent a lot of greatly.This abnormal operating state of transformer causes in the iron core aggravation of flux density saturation degree, produces harmonic wave, and problems such as aggravation noise, overheated, vibration can cause the damage of transformer when serious, and possibly cause the misoperation of protection.
In order to reduce the influence of DC magnetic biasing, must measure the electromagnetic performance of transformer core material under its actual working state, so that transformer iron core structure is optimized design to AC transformer.And realize that this purpose prerequisite is to want the magnetic characteristic data of accurate measuring transformer core material, wherein at first be to obtain the actual conditions that meet power transformer generation DC magnetic biasing fully more near the DC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop of the transformer core material of actual value.
In recent years, when power transformer was carried out three-dimensional finite element analysis, no matter be the electromagnetic field distribution in the magnetic material, or loss distributed, and its result's accuracy and validity still depend on the electromagnetic performance of material under its actual working state after all.And the electromagnetic performance data that electrical material supplier provides, for example the magnetization property curve of orientation silicon steel sheet normally measures under the condition of standard code.For example adopt the measuring condition of traditional epstein frame and monolithic measuring instrument; Strict regulations comprising power supply, environment temperature and test specimen sampling; But the data that under this standard conditions, measure obviously can not be applied to the finding the solution of DC magnetic biasing problem of silicon steel plate core.Because under the Under Direct Current Bias, the magnetic history of silicon steel material is the acting in conjunction process of ac-excited electric current and continuous-current excitation electric current, and the exciting current that is adopted in the said method all is the simple alternating current excitation of standard, does not consider the influence of continuous-current excitation.In addition, Japanese scholar's high bridge then hero etc. is utilized open monolithic measuring system in the laboratory of Okayama Univ., realizes the material properties of ferromagnetic material under the DC magnetic biasing condition of work measured.Utilize this experimental system to when a certain specified alternate current operation magnetic flux density, under the different bias magnetic field effects in the siliconized plate direct current flux of ferromagnetic material measure, obtained the B-H loop of this material under Under Direct Current Bias.The shortcoming of this method is: what the mode that applies of this system incentive adopted is the ac-excited mode that parallel connection loads with continuous-current excitation; Series excitation mode during with power transformer generation DC magnetic biasing problem in the on-line operation reality is inconsistent, causes measurement result to produce error.If even if this system adopts the series excitation mode that conforms to actual condition; So because the excitation of material is the immixture of AC and DC; To cause that exchange flux can't separate with direct current flux in the measurement result, the direct current flux of silicon steel material still can't directly be confirmed from experiment.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is: the preparation method that the DC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop of transformer core material is provided; To power transformer grain oriented silicon steel sheet commonly used; The mode of identical alternating current-direct current series excitation when adopting with real transformer generation DC magnetic biasing; Direct current flux under the analog DC magnetic bias condition of work in the stack sections heartwood material, and measuring transformer core material DC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop thus.Such analog measurement method meets the actual conditions of power transformer generation DC magnetic biasing fully, and the transformer core material DC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop of acquisition is more near actual value.
The present invention solves this technical problem the technical scheme that is adopted: the preparation method of the DC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop of transformer core material, and step is following:
A. make the equipment therefor of preparation method of the DC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop of transformer core material
Mainly with contact voltage regulator, transformer core model, DC current source, power analyzer, digital oscilloscope and power frequency AC equipment therefor by the preparation method of the DC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop of the following transformer core material that connects and composes present embodiment; Wherein, The transformer core model comprises transformer lamination iron core, magnetizing coil and measurement coil; Said transformer core model is the product level model that designs and produces according to the manufacturer's standard and the stacking technique of power transformer iron core for complete, and power frequency AC the two poles of the earth are respectively through lead and two current-limiting resistance R
1And R
2Be connected to input end A and input end B in the contact voltage regulator; Output terminal a in the contact voltage regulator is connected to the input end of DC current source through lead and K switch 1; The output terminal of DC current source links to each other with current input terminal of power analyzer through lead; Current output terminal of power analyzer links to each other with magnetizing coil one end of transformer core model through lead; The magnetizing coil other end of transformer core model is connected with the output terminal b of contact voltage regulator with K switch 1 through lead, and the voltage measurement terminal of power analyzer links to each other with the magnetizing coil of transformer core model, and the measuring sonde of digital oscilloscope links to each other through K switch 2 with the measurement coil of transformer core model; Above-mentioned magnetizing coil is the transformer core first siding ring, and measuring coil is the transformer core second siding ring;
B. use the equipment therefor of preparation method of the DC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop of the transformer core material of making by A, obtain in 27V～486V scope any given DC magnetic biasing magnetic field intensity I in any given alternate current operation point and the 0.1A～2A scope by following step
DcMake the DC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop of the tested transformer core material of time spent, said alternate current operation point is meant the also voltage U of power frequency AC output of different AC excitation voltage magnitudes when power frequency is 50HZ
g
The first step is measured at U
gDifferent alternate current operation points and DC current I in=27V～486V scope
Dc=OA does not promptly have the waveform of the exciting curent I of the above-mentioned transformer core model magnetizing coil under the direct current biasing the action of a magnetic field;
In second step, measure at U
gIn=27V～486V scope, with different alternate current operation points and DC current I corresponding in the first step
Dc=OA does not promptly have the waveform of the induced voltage e (t) of the above-mentioned transformer core model measurement coil under the direct current biasing the action of a magnetic field;
In the 3rd step, induced voltage e (t) the The data formula (I) that measures in second step is calculated the exchange flux Φ in this transformer core model
If initial integration is t=0 constantly; The step is 0.1ms during integration, behind the integration in step, obtains the waveform of exchange flux Φ in the 20ms cycle when accomplishing 200; N is for measuring the number of turn of coil in the formula, and e (t) is the induced voltage at the measurement coil two ends of digital oscilloscope collection;
The 4th step is at I
Dc=OA does not promptly have under the direct current biasing the action of a magnetic field, to U
gThe alternate current operation point of=27V to the size of the exchange flux Φ of the 3rd a 20ms cycle calculating of step, is got one of them exchange flux maximal value Φ constantly
m,, get and Φ according to the waveform of the exciting curent I that obtains in the first step
mThe numerical value of corresponding exciting curent I constantly is designated as I
b, obtain one group of Φ
m-I
bData, each different alternate current operation point is done same treatment for other, and then can obtain tested transformer core material at U
gDifferent alternate current operation points and at I in=27V～486V scope
Dc=OA does not promptly have the Φ under the direct current biasing the action of a magnetic field
m-I
bCurve;
In the 5th step, measure at U
gIn=27V～486V scope given alternate current operation point and at I
DcIn=0.1A～2A scope the waveform of exciting curent i of a 20ms cycle of the above-mentioned transformer core model under the direct current biasing magnetic field intensity effect of given DC current;
In the 6th step, measure at U
gIn=27V～486V scope with the 5th step in identical alternate current operation point and at I
DcIn=0.1A～2A scope with the 5th step in the waveform of induced electricity depressor u (t) of above-mentioned transformer core model under the direct current biasing magnetic field intensity effect of identical DC current;
In the 7th step, induced voltage u (t) the The data formula (II) that measures in the 6th step is calculated the exchange flux φ in this transformer core model
If initial integration is t=0 constantly; The step is 0.1ms during integration, behind the integration in step, obtains the waveform of exchange flux φ in the 20ms cycle when accomplishing 200; N is for measuring the number of turn of coil in the formula, and u (t) is the induced voltage at the measurement coil two ends of digital oscilloscope collection;
The 8th step; In the waveform of the exciting curent i of a 20ms cycle that in the waveform of the exchange flux φ of the 7th a 20ms cycle calculating of step and in the 5th step, obtains; φ and i with synchronization are right as one group of φ-i data; Use in this 20ms cycle the time step as all φ-i data constantly of 0.1ms to drawing, just obtain tested transformer core material given alternate current operation point and the φ-i curve under the direct current biasing magnetic field intensity effect of given DC current;
In the 9th step, extract the exchange flux maximal value φ in the 8th φ-i curve of obtaining of step
mExciting curent i with correspondence
b, utilize the 4th to go on foot the Φ that obtains
m-I
bCurve is searched exciting curent numerical value I
b=i
bThe time corresponding Φ
m-I
bΦ on the curve
mNumerical value is used Φ
mDeduct φ
mPromptly obtain given alternate current operation point and the direct current flux value ΔΦ in the tested transformer core material under the direct current biasing magnetic field intensity effect of given DC current;
The tenth step; Each φ value constantly in the φ-i curve that obtains in the 8th step is all added the ΔΦ value that obtains in the 9th step; Exciting curent i value remains unchanged, and the φ-i curve that is about to obtain in the 8th step is axially gone up the translation ΔΦ along φ, obtains the total magnetic flux Φ in the tested transformer core material
s=φ+ΔΦ;
The 11 step is to the total magnetic flux Φ that obtains in the tenth step
sThe data formula (III) calculates the exchange flux density B in this transformer core model
In the following formula, S is that transformer lamination effective cross section unshakable in one's determination is long-pending;
In the 12 step, the exciting curent i The data formula (IV) that obtains in the 5th step is calculated the magnetic field intensity H that puts on this transformer core model
In the following formula, L is the geometric mean length of magnetic path of transformer core model, and N is the number of turn of magnetizing coil, and i is an exciting curent;
The 13 step; To exchange flux density B that obtains in the 11 step and the magnetic field intensity H that obtains in the 12 step; B and H with the synchronization in the above-mentioned 20ms cycle are right as one group of B-H data; Use in this 20ms cycle the time step as all B-H data constantly of 0.1ms to drawing, just obtain tested transformer core material at U
gIn=27V～486V scope the B-H data of given alternate current operation point to curve, promptly tested transformer core material is at above-mentioned given alternate current operation point and I
Dc≠ OA promptly has the DC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop under the direct current biasing the action of a magnetic field.
The preparation method of the DC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop of above-mentioned transformer core material; The preparation method of said different alternating voltages working point is through in 27V～486V scope, regulating the magnitude of voltage that above-mentioned power frequency AC is exported with the 20V stepping, making the transformer core model be in different alternate current operation points.
The preparation method of the DC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop of above-mentioned transformer core material, in the used device of the preparation method of the DC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop of said transformer core material, the transformer lamination core section area of transformer core model is 2.77 * 10
3Mm
2, the total number of turns of magnetizing coil is 312 circles, is divided into three layers, and each layer number of turn is followed successively by 108 circles, 104 circles, 100 circles from inside to outside, and the magnetizing coil wire gauge does
Measuring coil turn is 312 circles, is divided into three layers, and each layer number of turn is followed successively by 108 circles, 104 circles, 100 circles from inside to outside, and slotted line astragal rule do
Transformer core seam area is 4.01 * 10
3Mm
2
The preparation method of the DC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop of above-mentioned transformer core material; In the used device of the preparation method of the DC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop of said transformer core material, the transformer core model adopts the stacking technique of 45 ° of full bias seams, two every grade and three grades stepping 5mm overlap joints to be made.
The preparation method of the DC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop of above-mentioned transformer core material, wherein four steps of the first step to the are the general step of making the transformer core material DC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop under any alternate current operation point and the effect of DC magnetic biasing magnetic field intensity.
The preparation method of the DC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop of above-mentioned transformer core material; Said direct current biasing magnetic field intensity is the DC excitation electric current that is applied on the transformer excitation winding, and the total magnetic flux of said transformer core material is a transformer fe magnetic flux in the heart under ac-excited and the continuous-current excitation acting in conjunction.
The preparation method of the DC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop of above-mentioned transformer core material; The technician that related components and parts and material all are the present technique field in the equipment therefor of the preparation method of the DC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop of said transformer core material knows, and can be through being purchased acquisition.
The preparation method of the DC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop of above-mentioned transformer core material, said determined transformer core material can be the orientation silicon steel sheets of various models.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
Compared with prior art; The outstanding substantive distinguishing features of the preparation method of the DC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop of transformer core material of the present invention is: the equipment therefor of preparation method that utilizes the DC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop of transformer core material; The mode of identical alternating current-direct current series excitation when adopting with real transformer generation DC magnetic biasing; Direct current flux under the analog DC magnetic bias condition of work in the stack sections heartwood material is accomplished confirming of transformer core material DC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop.Such analogy method meets the actual conditions of power transformer generation DC magnetic biasing fully, and the transformer core material DC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop of acquisition is near actual value.
Compared with prior art; The marked improvement of the preparation method of the DC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop of transformer core material of the present invention is: under the Under Direct Current Bias of simulation; Adopt direct current flux data and DC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop in the transformer core material that method of the present invention obtains; Ratio employing monolithic measuring system and epstein frame measure the corresponding magnetic property data of transformer core material, the magnetic characteristic that transformer core material is appeared during more near power transformer generation DC magnetic biasing problem.Use the inventive method and measure that resulting transformer core material magnetic characteristic data are calculated the exciting curent of power transformer and transformer core material carries out the three-dimensional finite element simulation analysis; Under the DC magnetic biasing operating mode that calculates field flux distribution and the loss in the heart of exciting curent data and transformer fe distribute more accurate, to the transformer iron core structure optimal design with avoid local overheating harm to have practical applications being worth and directive significance.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is further specified.
Fig. 1 is the equipment therefor principle of compositionality figure of the preparation method of the DC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop of transformer core material of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the transformer core structure of models synoptic diagram in the used device of the preparation method of the DC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop of transformer core material of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is that the embodiment of the invention 1 is at no bias magnetic field I
Dc=0A does the time spent, the Ф of transformer core material
m-I
bCurve.
Fig. 4 is that the embodiment of the invention 1 is at given alternate current operation point Ug=459V and DC magnetic biasing magnetic field intensity I
Dc=0.1A does the time spent, the exciting curent waveform of magnetizing coil.
Fig. 5 is that the embodiment of the invention 1 is at given alternate current operation point Ug=459V and DC magnetic biasing magnetic field intensity I
Dc=0.1A does the time spent, measures the induction voltage waveform of coil.
Fig. 6 is that the embodiment of the invention 1 is at given alternate current operation point Ug=459V and DC magnetic biasing magnetic field intensity I
Dc=0.1A does the time spent, the φ of transformer core material-i curve.
Fig. 7 is that the embodiment of the invention 1 is at given alternate current operation point Ug=459V and DC magnetic biasing magnetic field intensity I
Dc=0.1A does the time spent, the DC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop of transformer core material.
Fig. 8 is that the embodiment of the invention 2 is at given alternate current operation point Ug=27V and DC magnetic biasing magnetic field intensity I
Dc=1A does the time spent, the DC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop of transformer core material.
Fig. 9 is that the embodiment of the invention 3 is at given alternate current operation point Ug=486V and DC magnetic biasing magnetic field intensity I
Dc=2A does the time spent, the DC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop of transformer core material.
Among the figure, 1. contact voltage regulator, 2. transformer core model, 3. DC current source, 4. power analyzer, 5. digital oscilloscope, 6. power frequency AC, 7. transformer lamination is unshakable in one's determination, and 8. magnetizing coil is 9. measured coil.
Embodiment
Enforcement shown in Figure 1 shows; Main with contact voltage regulator 1, transformer core model 2, DC current source 3, power analyzer 4, digital oscilloscope 5 and power frequency AC 6 equipment therefor by the preparation method of the DC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop of the following transformer core material that connects and composes present embodiment, power frequency AC 6 the two poles of the earth are passed through lead and two current-limiting resistance R respectively
1And R
2Be connected to input end A and input end B in the contact voltage regulator 1; Output terminal a in the contact voltage regulator 1 is connected to the input end of DC current source 3 through lead and K switch 1; The output terminal of DC current source 3 links to each other with the sub-I1 of the current input terminal of power analyzer 4 through lead; The sub-I2 of the current output terminal of power analyzer 4 links to each other with magnetizing coil 8 one ends of transformer core model 2 through lead; Magnetizing coil 8 other ends of transformer core model 2 are connected with the output terminal b of contact voltage regulator 1 with K switch 1 through lead; The voltage measurement terminal U1 of power analyzer 4 links to each other with the magnetizing coil 8 of transformer core model 2; The measuring sonde U2 of digital oscilloscope 5 links to each other through K switch 2 with the measurement coil 9 of transformer core model 2, and above-mentioned magnetizing coil 8 is the transformer core first siding ring, and measuring coil 9 is the transformer core second siding ring.
The general structure of the transformer core model 2 in the used device of the preparation method of the DC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop that has shown transformer core material of the present invention embodiment illustrated in fig. 2 constitutes, and this transformer core model 2 comprises that transformer lamination is unshakable in one's determination 7, magnetizing coil 8 and measure coil 9.Wherein Fig. 2 a is the overall dimensions figure of transformer core model 2; Show among this figure; The outer length of side of the siliconized plate of the transformer lamination of transformer core model 2 unshakable in one's determination 7 is 420mm; The length of side is 200mm in the siliconized plate of the transformer lamination of transformer core model 2 unshakable in one's determination 7, and the siliconized plate center length of side of the transformer lamination of transformer core model 2 unshakable in one's determination 7 is 310mm, and the siliconized plate seam lap of splice of the transformer lamination of transformer core model 2 unshakable in one's determination 7 is 10mm; The magnetizing coil 8 of transformer core model 2 is 180mm with measuring coil 9 coiling length; A-A is transformer core model 2 longitudinal profiles, and I is the magnetizing coil 8 and the longitudinal profile of measuring coil 9 of transformer core model 2, and magnetizing coil 8 is close to transformer lamination 7 coilings unshakable in one's determination with measurement coil 9; Fig. 2 b is the longitudinal sectional drawing of transformer core model 2; Show among this figure; The width of the siliconized plate of the transformer lamination of transformer core model 2 unshakable in one's determination 7 is 110mm; The siliconized plate height of the transformer lamination of transformer core model 2 unshakable in one's determination 7 is 26mm, and the magnetizing coil 8 of transformer core model 2 is 7.8mm with the thickness of measuring coil 9, and the magnetizing coil 8 of transformer core model 2 is 1mm with the distance of the siliconized plate of transformer lamination unshakable in one's determination 7; Fig. 2 c is the magnetizing coil 8 and the sectional view of measuring coil 9 of transformer core model 2; Show among this figure; The magnetizing coil 8 of transformer core model 2 is 7.8mm with the thickness of measuring coil 9, and the magnetizing coil 8 of transformer core model 2 is 1mm with the distance of the siliconized plate of transformer lamination unshakable in one's determination 7.
Transformer lamination unshakable in one's determination 7 adopts the stacking technique of 45 ° of full bias seams, two every grade and three grades stepping 5mm overlap joints to be made; Be close to transformer lamination 7 coilings unshakable in one's determination for the accuracy magnetizing coil 8 that guarantees experimental measurements with measurement coil 9, clamp by insulating part.
The preparation method of the DC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop of transformer core material 30Q140 cold-rolled orientation silicon steel sheet, the alternate current operation point of given transformer core model be U
gIt is I with given DC magnetic biasing magnetic field intensity that=459V applies the transformer core model simultaneously
Dc=0.1A.
A. make the equipment therefor of preparation method of the DC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop of transformer core material
Be configured to the equipment therefor of preparation method of the DC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop of present embodiment transformer core material with embodiment illustrated in figures 1 and 2; Wherein transformer core model 2 adopts the stacking technique of 45 ° of full bias seams, two every grade and three grades stepping 5mm overlap joints to be made; Be close to transformer lamination 7 coilings unshakable in one's determination for the accuracy magnetizing coil 8 that guarantees experimental measurements with measurement coil 9, clamp by insulating part.The 30Q140 cold-rolled orientation silicon steel sheet that transformer core material selects for use Wuhan Iron and Steel Company to produce is without annealing in process.The transformer lamination of transformer core model 27 areas of section unshakable in one's determination are 2.77 * 10
3Mm
2, the total number of turns of magnetizing coil 8 is 312 circles, is divided into three layers, and each layer number of turn is followed successively by 108 circles, 104 circles, 100 circles from inside to outside, and magnetizing coil 8 wire gauges do
Measuring coil 9 numbers of turn is 312 circles, is divided into three layers, and each layer number of turn is followed successively by 108 circles, 104 circles, 100 circles from inside to outside, measures coil 9 wire gauges to do
Transformer core seam area is 4.01 * 10
3Mm
2Power frequency AC 6 is the SWF-31020 of Tianjin, is used for applying the ac sine excitation to transformer core model 2.Contact voltage regulator 1 is the TSGC2J in Shanghai, is used to regulate ac-excited size, promptly through in 27V～486V scope, regulate the output of power frequency AC 6 with the 20V stepping, makes transformer core mould 2 types be in different alternate current operation points.DC current source 3 is the SM33-40A in Baoding; Be connected in the magnetizing coil 8 of transformer core model 2; Be used for specific direct current biasing magnetic field intensity being provided, be applied to the direct current biasing magnetic field intensity on the transformer core model 2 through the output change of adjusting DC current to transformer core model 2.Digital oscilloscope 5 is the Tyke TPS2024 of the U.S., is connected in measurement coil 9 two ends of transformer core model 2, gathers the induction voltage waveform and the data of the measurement coil 9 of transformer core model 2.Power analyzer 4 is the WT3000 of Japanese Yokogawa; The sub-I2 of current output terminal in its current acquisition terminal is series in the magnetizing coil 8 of transformer core model 2; Be used to monitor the output current of DC current source 3; Guarantee that through the output of regulating DC current source 3 transformer core model 2 works in the DC magnetic biasing magnetic field intensity of requirement; Gather exciting current waveform and data in the magnetizing coil 8 of transformer core model 2 simultaneously; Its voltage measurement terminal U1 also is used to monitor the output voltage of contact voltage regulator 1, guarantees that through the output of regulating contact voltage regulator 1 transformer core model 2 works in the alternate current operation point of requirement, and power frequency AC 6 the two poles of the earth are the current-limiting resistance R through lead and 100 ohm respectively
1And R
2Be connected to input end A, B in the contact voltage regulator 1; Output terminal a in the contact voltage regulator 1 is connected to the input end of DC current source 3 through lead and K switch 1; The output terminal of DC current source 3 links to each other with the sub-I1 of the current input terminal of power analyzer 4 through lead; The sub-I2 of the current output terminal of power analyzer 4 links to each other with the magnetizing coil 8 of transformer core model 2 through lead; The magnetizing coil 8 of transformer core model 2 is connected with the output terminal b of contact voltage regulator 1 through lead, and the voltage measurement terminal U1 of power analyzer 4 links to each other with the magnetizing coil 8 of transformer core model 2, and the measuring sonde U2 of digital oscilloscope 5 links to each other through K switch 2 with the measurement coil 9 of transformer core model 2; Above-mentioned magnetizing coil 8 is the transformer core first siding ring, and measuring coil 9 is the transformer core second siding ring.
B. use the equipment therefor of preparation method of the DC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop of the transformer core material of making by A, obtain at a given alternate current operation point U by following step
g=459V and a given DC magnetic biasing magnetic field intensity I
Dc=0.1A makes the DC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop of the tested transformer core material of time spent, and following alternate current operation point is meant the also voltage U of power frequency AC 6 output of different AC excitation voltage magnitudes when power frequency is 50HZ
g
The first step is measured at U
gDifferent alternate current operation points and DC current I in=27V～486V scope
Dc=OA does not promptly have the waveform of exciting curent I of the magnetizing coil 8 of above-mentioned transformer core model 2 under the direct current biasing the action of a magnetic field;
In second step, measure at U
gIn=27V～486V scope, with different alternate current operation points and DC current I corresponding in the first step
Dc=OA does not promptly have the waveform of induced voltage e (t) of the measurement coil 9 of above-mentioned transformer core model 2 under the direct current biasing the action of a magnetic field;
In the 3rd step, induced voltage e (t) the The data formula (I) that measures in second step is calculated the magnetic flux Φ in this transformer core model 2
If initial integration is t=0 constantly, the step is 0.1ms during integration, behind the integration in step, obtains the waveform of magnetic flux Φ in the 20ms cycle when accomplishing 200, and N is for measuring the number of turn of coil 9 in the formula, and e (t) is the induced voltage at measurement coil 9 two ends of digital oscilloscope collection;
The 4th step is at I
Dc=OA does not promptly have under the direct current biasing the action of a magnetic field, to U
gThe alternate current operation point of=27V to the size of the exchange flux Φ of the 3rd a 20ms cycle calculating of step, is got one of them exchange flux maximal value Ф constantly
m,, get and Ф according to the waveform of the exciting curent I that obtains in the first step
mThe numerical value of corresponding exciting curent I constantly is designated as I
b, obtain one group of Ф
m-I
bData, each different alternate current operation point is done same treatment for other, and then can obtain tested transformer core material at U
gDifferent alternate current operation points and at I in=27V～486V scope
Dc=OA does not promptly have the Ф under the direct current biasing the action of a magnetic field
m-I
bCurve; The gained curve is as shown in Figure 3, and horizontal ordinate is an electric current I among Fig. 3
b, unit is an ampere, ordinate is magnetic flux Ф
m, unit is the milli weber;
In the 5th step, measure at given alternate current operation point U
g=459V and given DC magnetic biasing magnetic field intensity I
DcThe waveform of the exciting curent i of the above-mentioned transformer core model 2 under the direct current biasing magnetic field intensity effect of=0.1A.The waveform of gained exciting curent i is as shown in Figure 4, and horizontal ordinate is that chronomere is a millisecond among Fig. 4, and ordinate is that exciting curent value unit is ampere, and this curve is the data that an interior any time exciting curent i of 20ms cycle was provided in the 8th step;
In the 6th step, measure given again alternate current operation point U
g=459V and given DC magnetic biasing magnetic field intensity I
DcThe waveform of the induced electricity depressor u (t) of the above-mentioned transformer core model 2 under the direct current biasing magnetic field intensity effect of=0.1A.The waveform of gained induced electricity depressor u (t) is as shown in Figure 5, and horizontal ordinate is the time among Fig. 5, and unit is a millisecond, and ordinate is an inductive voltage value, and unit is a volt, and this curve is the data that an interior any time induced voltage u (t) of 20ms cycle was provided in the 7th step;
In the 7th step, induced voltage u (t) the The data formula (II) that measures in the 6th step is calculated the exchange flux φ in this transformer core model 2
If initial integration is t=0 constantly; The step is 0.1ms during integration, behind the integration in step, obtains the waveform of exchange flux φ in the 20ms cycle when accomplishing 200; N is for measuring the number of turn of coil 9 in the formula, and u (t) is the induced voltage at measurement coil 9 two ends of digital oscilloscope collection;
The 8th step; In the waveform of the exciting curent i of a 20ms cycle that in the waveform of the exchange flux φ of the 7th a 20ms cycle calculating of step and in the 5th step, obtains; φ and i with synchronization are right as one group of φ-i data; Use in this 20ms cycle the time step as all φ-i data constantly of 0.1ms to drawing, just obtain tested transformer core material given alternate current operation point U
g=459V with given DC magnetic biasing magnetic field intensity I
Dcφ-i curve under the direct current biasing magnetic field intensity effect of=0.1A.Gained is at given alternate current operation point U
g=459V and given DC magnetic biasing magnetic field intensity I
Dcφ-i curve under the direct current biasing magnetic field intensity effect of=0.1A is as shown in Figure 6.Horizontal ordinate is an exciting curent among Fig. 6, and unit is an ampere, and ordinate is a magnetic flux, and unit is the milli weber;
In the 9th step, extract the magnetic flux maximal value φ in the 8th φ-i curve of obtaining of step
mExciting curent i with correspondence
b, utilize the 4th to go on foot the Ф that obtains
m-I
bCurve is searched exciting curent numerical value I
b=i
bThe time corresponding Ф
m-I
bФ on the curve
mNumerical value is used Ф
mDeduct φ
mPromptly obtain alternate current operation point U
g=459V and given DC magnetic biasing magnetic field intensity I
DcDirect current flux value Δ Ф=0.15mWb under the direct current biasing magnetic field intensity effect of=0.1A in the tested transformer core material;
The tenth step all added the ΔΦ value 0.15mWb that obtains in the 9th step with each φ value constantly in the φ-i curve that obtains in the 8th step, obtained the total magnetic flux Ф in the tested transformer core material
s=φ+0.15, and exciting curent i value remains unchanged, and the φ-i curve that is about to obtain in the 8th step is axially gone up translation 0.15mWb along φ;
The 11 step is to the total magnetic flux Ф that obtains in the tenth step
sThe data formula (III) calculates the magnetic flux density B in this transformer core model 2;
In the following formula, S is that transformer lamination effective cross section unshakable in one's determination is long-pending.
In the 12 step, the exciting curent i The data formula (IV) in the 5th step is calculated the magnetic field intensity H that puts on this transformer core model 2
In the following formula, L is the geometric mean length of magnetic path of transformer core model 2, and N is the number of turn of magnetizing coil 8, and i is an exciting curent.
The 13 step; To exchange flux density B that obtains in the 11 step and the magnetic field intensity H that obtains in the 12 step; B and H with the synchronization in the above-mentioned 20ms cycle are right as one group of B-H data; Use in this 20ms cycle the time step as all B-H data constantly of 0.1ms to drawing, just obtain tested transformer core material at given alternate current operation point U
g=459V and given DC magnetic biasing magnetic field intensity I
DcDC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop under the direct current biasing magnetic field intensity effect of=0.1A.Gained is at given alternate current operation point U
g=459V and given DC magnetic biasing magnetic field intensity I
DcDC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop under the direct current biasing magnetic field intensity effect of=0.1A is as shown in Figure 7, and horizontal ordinate is the DC magnetic biasing magnetic field intensity among Fig. 7, and unit is an amperes per meter, and ordinate is a magnetic flux density, and unit is a tesla.
The preparation method of the DC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop of transformer core material 30Q140 cold-rolled orientation silicon steel sheet, the alternate current operation point of given transformer core model 2 be U
gIt is I with the DC magnetic biasing magnetic field intensity that=27V applies transformer core model 2 simultaneously
Dc=1A.
A. make the equipment therefor of preparation method of the DC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop of transformer core material
With embodiment 1.
B. use the equipment therefor of preparation method of the DC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop of the transformer core material of making by A, obtain at a given alternate current operation point U by following step
g=27V and a given DC magnetic biasing magnetic field intensity I
Dc=1A makes the DC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop of the tested transformer core material of time spent.
Four steps of the first step to the carry out according to embodiment 1 fully; The 5th went on foot in the 13 step, and removing and measuring given alternate current operation point is U
g=27V and given DC magnetic biasing magnetic field intensity I
DcOutside=the 1A, other implementation methods are all with embodiment 1, and the final tested transformer core material of gained is put U in alternate current operation
g=27V and given DC magnetic biasing magnetic field intensity I
DcDC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop under the direct current biasing magnetic field intensity effect of=1A is as shown in Figure 8.Horizontal ordinate is the DC magnetic biasing magnetic field intensity among Fig. 8, and unit is an amperes per meter, and ordinate is a magnetic flux density, and unit is a tesla.
The preparation method of the DC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop of transformer core material 30Q140 cold-rolled orientation silicon steel sheet, the alternate current operation point of given transformer core model 2 be U
gIt is I with the DC magnetic biasing magnetic field intensity that=486V applies transformer core model 2 simultaneously
Dc=2A.
A. make the equipment therefor of preparation method of the DC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop of transformer core material
With embodiment 1.
B. use the equipment therefor of preparation method of the DC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop of the transformer core material of making by A, obtain at a given alternate current operation point U by following step
g=486V and a given DC magnetic biasing magnetic field intensity I
Dc=2A makes the DC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop of the tested transformer core material of time spent.
Four steps of the first step to the carry out according to embodiment 1 fully, and the 5th went on foot in the 13 step, and removing and measuring given alternate current operation point is U
g=486V and given DC magnetic biasing magnetic field intensity I
DcOutside=the 2A, other implementation methods are all with embodiment 1, and the final tested transformer core material of gained is put U in alternate current operation
g=486V and given DC magnetic biasing magnetic field intensity I
DcDC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop under the direct current biasing magnetic field intensity effect of=2A is as shown in Figure 9, and horizontal ordinate is the DC magnetic biasing magnetic field intensity among Fig. 9, and unit is an amperes per meter, and ordinate is a magnetic flux density, and unit is a tesla.
In the foregoing description, said direct current biasing magnetic field intensity is the DC excitation electric current that is applied on the transformer excitation winding, and the total magnetic flux of said transformer core material is a transformer fe magnetic flux in the heart under ac-excited and the continuous-current excitation acting in conjunction.
Among above-mentioned all embodiment, the technician that related components and parts and material all are the present technique field in the equipment therefor of the preparation method of the DC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop of said transformer core material knows, and can be through being purchased acquisition.
Preparation method for the DC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop of the orientation silicon steel sheet of transformer core material 30P120 cold-rolled orientation silicon steel sheet, 30RH140 cold-rolled orientation silicon steel sheet and other models is same as the previously described embodiments.
Claims (4)
1. the preparation method of the DC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop of transformer core material is characterized in that step is following:
A. make the equipment therefor of preparation method of the DC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop of transformer core material
Mainly with contact voltage regulator, transformer core model, DC current source, power analyzer, digital oscilloscope and power frequency AC by the DC magnetic biasing of the following transformer core material that connects and composes present embodiment equipment therefor than the preparation method of total losses curve; Wherein, The transformer core model comprises transformer lamination iron core, magnetizing coil and measurement coil; Said transformer core model is the product level model that designs and produces according to the manufacturer's standard and the stacking technique of power transformer iron core for complete, and power frequency AC the two poles of the earth are respectively through lead and two current-limiting resistance R
1And R
2Be connected to input end A and input end B in the contact voltage regulator; Output terminal a in the contact voltage regulator is connected to the input end of DC current source through lead and K switch 1; The output terminal of DC current source links to each other with current input terminal of power analyzer through lead; Current output terminal of power analyzer links to each other with magnetizing coil one end of transformer core model through lead; The magnetizing coil other end of transformer core model is connected with the output terminal b of contact voltage regulator with K switch 1 through lead, and the voltage measurement terminal of power analyzer links to each other with the magnetizing coil of transformer core model, and the measuring sonde of digital oscilloscope links to each other through K switch 2 with the measurement coil of transformer core model; Above-mentioned magnetizing coil is the transformer core first siding ring, and measuring coil is the transformer core second siding ring.
B. use the equipment therefor of preparation method of the DC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop of the transformer core material of making by A, obtain in 27V～486V scope any given DC magnetic biasing magnetic field intensity I in any given alternate current operation point and the 0.1A～2A scope by following step
DcMake the DC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop of the tested transformer core material of time spent, said alternate current operation point is meant the also voltage U of power frequency AC output of different AC excitation voltage magnitudes when power frequency is 50HZ
g
The first step is measured at U
gDifferent alternate current operation points and DC current I in=27V～486V scope
Dc=OA does not promptly have the waveform of the exciting curent I of the above-mentioned transformer core model magnetizing coil under the direct current biasing the action of a magnetic field;
In second step, measure at U
gIn=27V～486V scope, with different alternate current operation points and DC current I corresponding in the first step
Dc=OA does not promptly have the waveform of the induced voltage e (t) of the above-mentioned transformer core model measurement coil under the direct current biasing the action of a magnetic field;
In the 3rd step, induced voltage e (t) the The data formula (I) that measures in second step is calculated the exchange flux Φ in this transformer core model
If initial integration is t=0 constantly; The step is 0.1ms during integration, behind the integration in step, obtains the waveform of exchange flux Φ in the 20ms cycle when accomplishing 200; N is for measuring the number of turn of coil in the formula, and e (t) is the induced voltage at the measurement coil two ends of digital oscilloscope collection;
The 4th step is at I
Dc=OA does not promptly have under the direct current biasing the action of a magnetic field, to U
gThe alternate current operation point of=27V to the size of the exchange flux Φ of the 3rd a 20ms cycle calculating of step, is got one of them exchange flux maximal value Φ constantly
m,, get and Φ according to the waveform of the exciting curent I that obtains in the first step
mThe numerical value of corresponding exciting curent I constantly is designated as I
b, obtain one group of Φ
m-I
bData, each different alternate current operation point is done same treatment for other, and then can obtain tested transformer core material at U
gDifferent alternate current operation points and at I in=27V～486V scope
Dc=OA does not promptly have the Φ under the direct current biasing the action of a magnetic field
m-I
bCurve;
In the 5th step, measure at U
gIn=27V～486V scope given alternate current operation point and at I
DcIn=0.1A～2A scope the waveform of exciting curent i of a 20ms cycle of the above-mentioned transformer core model under the direct current biasing magnetic field intensity effect of given DC current;
In the 6th step, measure at U
gIn=27V～486V scope with the 5th step in identical alternate current operation point and at I
DcIn=0.1A～2A scope with the 5th step in the waveform of induced electricity depressor u (t) of above-mentioned transformer core model under the direct current biasing magnetic field intensity effect of identical DC current;
In the 7th step, induced voltage u (t) the The data formula (II) that measures in the 6th step is calculated the exchange flux φ in this transformer core model
If initial integration is t=0 constantly; The step is 0.1ms during integration, behind the integration in step, obtains the waveform of exchange flux φ in the 20ms cycle when accomplishing 200; N is for measuring the number of turn of coil in the formula, and u (t) is the induced voltage at the measurement coil two ends of digital oscilloscope collection;
The 8th step; In the waveform of the exciting curent i of a 20ms cycle that in the waveform of the exchange flux φ of the 7th a 20ms cycle calculating of step and in the 5th step, obtains; φ and i with synchronization are right as one group of φ-i data; Use in this 20ms cycle the time step as all φ-i data constantly of 0.1ms to drawing, just obtain tested transformer core material given alternate current operation point and the φ-i curve under the direct current biasing magnetic field intensity effect of given DC current;
In the 9th step, extract the exchange flux maximal value φ in the 8th φ-i curve of obtaining of step
mExciting curent i with correspondence
b, utilize the 4th to go on foot the Φ that obtains
m-I
bCurve is searched exciting curent numerical value I
b=i
bThe time corresponding Φ
m-I
bΦ on the curve
mNumerical value is used Φ
mDeduct φ
mPromptly obtain given alternate current operation point and the direct current flux value ΔΦ in the tested transformer core material under the direct current biasing magnetic field intensity effect of given DC current;
The tenth step; Each φ value constantly in the φ-i curve that obtains in the 8th step is all added the ΔΦ value that obtains in the 9th step; Exciting curent i value remains unchanged, and the φ-i curve that is about to obtain in the 8th step is axially gone up the translation ΔΦ along φ, obtains the total magnetic flux Φ in the tested transformer core material
s=φ+ΔΦ;
The 11 step is to the total magnetic flux Φ that obtains in the tenth step
sThe data formula (III) calculates the exchange flux density B in this transformer core model
In the following formula, S is that transformer lamination effective cross section unshakable in one's determination is long-pending;
In the 12 step, the exciting curent i The data formula (IV) that obtains in the 5th step is calculated the magnetic field intensity H that puts on this transformer core model
In the following formula, L is the geometric mean length of magnetic path of transformer core model, and N is the number of turn of magnetizing coil, and i is an exciting curent;
The 13 step; To exchange flux density B that obtains in the 11 step and the magnetic field intensity H that obtains in the 12 step; B and H with the synchronization in the above-mentioned 20ms cycle are right as one group of B-H data; Use in this 20ms cycle the time step as all B-H data constantly of 0.1ms to drawing, just obtain tested transformer core material at U
gIn=27V～486V scope the B-H data of given alternate current operation point to curve, promptly tested transformer core material is at above-mentioned given alternate current operation point and I
Dc≠ 0A promptly has the DC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop under the direct current biasing the action of a magnetic field.
2. according to the preparation method of the DC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop of the said transformer core material of claim 1; It is characterized in that: the preparation method of said different alternating voltages working point is through in 27V～486V scope, regulating the output of AC power with the 20V stepping, making the transformer core model be in different alternate current operation points.
3. according to the preparation method of the DC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop of the said transformer core material of claim 1; It is characterized in that: in the used device of the preparation method of the DC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop of said transformer core material, the transformer lamination core section area of transformer core model is 2.77 * 10
3Mm
2, the total number of turns of magnetizing coil is 312 circles, is divided into three layers, and each layer number of turn is followed successively by 108 circles, 104 circles, 100 circles from inside to outside, and the magnetizing coil wire gauge does
Measuring coil turn is 312 circles, is divided into three layers, and each layer number of turn is followed successively by 108 circles, 104 circles, 100 circles from inside to outside, and slotted line astragal rule do
Transformer core seam area is 4.01 * 10
3Mm
2
4. according to the preparation method of the DC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop of the said transformer core material of claim 1; It is characterized in that: in the used device of the preparation method of the DC magnetic biasing magnetic hysteresis loop of said transformer core material, the transformer core model adopts the stacking technique of 45 ° of full bias seams, two every grade and three grades stepping 5mm overlap joints to be made.
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