CN102620612A - Underground mine medium-length hole blasting method - Google Patents
Underground mine medium-length hole blasting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102620612A CN102620612A CN2012101009235A CN201210100923A CN102620612A CN 102620612 A CN102620612 A CN 102620612A CN 2012101009235 A CN2012101009235 A CN 2012101009235A CN 201210100923 A CN201210100923 A CN 201210100923A CN 102620612 A CN102620612 A CN 102620612A
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a deep hole blasting method in an underground mine, relates to the technical field of mining, and aims to solve the problems that the damage to a spare mining amount blast hole can be reduced, and the block rate can be reduced. The underground mine medium-length hole blasting method comprises the following steps: according to the pre-designed dosage, filling explosives into the medium-length holes of at least one row of fan-shaped holes or/and vertical holes, and filling detonators into the corresponding medium-length holes according to the set detonator numbers; and networking the detonators, and detonating the blast holes one by one in each row of deep holes at the bottom of the hole at a time interval of 1-5ms/m according to the hole bottom distance. The invention is suitable for mining underground mines.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the mining technique field, relate in particular to ore deposit, a kind of down-hole medium-length hole blasting method.
Background technology
Developed ore reserve, prepared ore reserve and blocked-out ore reserve that the mine, down-hole is divided according to the mining engineering degree of readiness; Be called explored ore reserve; Blocked-out ore reserve 0.5 to 2 year has usually in advance been fulfiled perforation work ahead of schedule before the explosion, in the tunnel, implement the charge explosion ore deposit that falls during explosion.
The bottom-column-free sectional caving stoping method that adopt in the mine, down-hole, there are foundation sublevel caving, free breakage method all to adopt the fan shaped medium length hole explosion ore deposit that falls usually, also can adopt the vertical long hole explosion.
Existing fan shaped medium length hole explosion short-delay blasting between the row of enforcement usually is for same row's then explosion simultaneously of fan shaped medium length hole.The concussion of blasting that the explosion simultaneously of same row's fan shaped medium length hole produces is excessive, causes the destruction to blocked-out ore reserve big gun hole easily, as rock comes off obstruction big gun hole etc. in the dislocation that causes the big gun hole and the hole.And the demolition effect of same row's fan shaped medium length hole explosion simultaneously is poor, and boulder yield is higher, and the ore grinding cost is high.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides ore deposit, a kind of down-hole medium-length hole blasting method, can alleviate the destruction to blocked-out ore reserve big gun hole, can reduce boulder yield again, and demolition effect is better.
For achieving the above object, embodiments of the invention adopt following technical scheme:
Ore deposit, a kind of down-hole medium-length hole blasting method comprises:
According to designing dose in advance, pack explosive at least one row's scallop hole or/and in the medium-length hole of upright opening, and detonator is disposed priming bomb or primary explosive column by the detonator numbering of the setting corresponding medium-length hole of packing into;
With the networking of said detonator,,,, carry out the hole base initiation according to explosion blanking time between the time design hole of 1-5ms/m according to distance at the bottom of the hole to the hole of big gun one by one in every row's medium-length hole.
Further, first two holes of row in the middle of the medium-length hole are progressively expanded to both sides according to detonating the blanking time of 1-3ms successively, and the mode that forms opening with second row or back row's big gun hole is detonated successively, and the time that will detonate simultaneously evenly staggers.
Wherein, distance or upright opening pitch-row are 1.0m to 3.2m at the bottom of the hole of said fan shaped medium length hole.
Wherein, the blasthole diameter of said medium-length hole is 60-100mm.
Wherein, the blast hole depth 6m to 45m of every row's medium-length hole.
Further, the ore caving interval in the medium-length hole blasting method of ore deposit, said down-hole is 1.5-3.2m.
Wherein, said detonator is a digital electric detonator.
Further, the firing interval time comprises between said time design hole according to 1-5ms/m: rock Polodyakonov coefficient coefficient got the small value greater than 8 o'clock, less than getting big value at 8 o'clock, was that purpose is to get big value to reduce vibrations harm, got the small value when being broken for purpose.During the explosion of many rounds, the delay blasting time between row is every meter array pitch 8-50ms, is designated as 8-50ms/m; Preferred 15-30ms/m, row's number are less than or get the small value when equaling 2 rows, and row's number is got big value during more than 2 rows; Get the small value between row, get big value between row away from the scope of freedom near the scope of freedom.Preferably, when loaded length in the hole during greater than 10 meters, adorn two digital electric detonators in the hole and detonate simultaneously, first is contained at the bottom of the hole, second position of 1/3rd to 2/3rds that is contained in grain length.
Ore deposit, a kind of down-hole provided by the invention medium-length hole blasting method is to the hole of big gun one by one in every row's medium-length hole, according to distance at the bottom of the hole; According to explosion blanking time between time of 1-5ms/m design hole, carry out the hole base initiation, can either alleviate every explosive broken concussion of blasting that is produced greatly; Alleviate destruction to blocked-out ore reserve big gun hole; Can make the blasting energy in one big gun hole, back in time the ore body that its last shot hole blasting is dished out produced further fragmentation and progradation again, reduce boulder yield, demolition effect is better.
Description of drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the invention or technical scheme of the prior art; To do to introduce simply to the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or the description of the Prior Art below; Obviously, the accompanying drawing in describing below only is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skills; Under the prerequisite of not paying creative work, can also obtain other accompanying drawing according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of ore deposit, down-hole of the present invention medium-length hole blasting method embodiment 1;
Fig. 2 is a shot hole blasting sequential schematic in one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of ore deposit, down-hole of the present invention medium-length hole blasting method embodiment 2;
Fig. 4 is provided with sketch map for big gun hole firing order among the medium-length hole blasting method embodiment 2 of ore deposit, down-hole of the present invention and the time interval;
Fig. 5 is the flow chart of ore deposit, down-hole of the present invention medium-length hole blasting method embodiment 3;
Fig. 6 is provided with sketch map for big gun hole firing order among the medium-length hole blasting method embodiment 3 of ore deposit, down-hole of the present invention and the time interval;
Fig. 7 is the flow chart of ore deposit, down-hole of the present invention medium-length hole blasting method embodiment 4;
Fig. 8 is provided with sketch map for big gun hole firing order among the medium-length hole blasting method embodiment 4 of ore deposit, down-hole of the present invention and the time interval.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing ore deposit, a kind of down-hole of embodiment of the invention medium-length hole blasting method is described in detail.Should be clear and definite, described embodiment only is the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment among the present invention, those of ordinary skills are not making all other embodiment that obtained under the creative work prerequisite, all belong to the scope of the present invention's protection.
Embodiment 1:
Referring to shown in Figure 1, ore deposit, a kind of down-hole of present embodiment medium-length hole blasting method comprises step:
S10, according to designing dose in advance, explosive is packed at least one row's fan shaped medium length hole, and detonator is disposed priming bomb or primary explosive column by the detonator numbering of the setting corresponding fan shaped medium length hole of packing into.Said medium-length hole can be go up to, down to or the fan shaped medium length hole of level or vertical deep hole.Medium-length hole described in the present embodiment is a fan shaped medium length hole, but the invention is not restricted to this, and said medium-length hole also can be vertical deep hole.
S11, with the networking of said detonator, to the hole of big gun one by one in every row's fan shaped medium length hole, according to distance at the bottom of the hole, according at the bottom of every meter hole apart from explosion blanking time between the time design hole of 1-5ms (being designated as 1-5ms/m), carry out the hole base initiation.Referring to shown in Figure 4, at the bottom of the hole wherein apart from the vertical range h that is meant at the bottom of the hole in a big gun hole an adjacent blast hole.
Saidly comprise according to the firing interval time between the hole of 1-5ms/m: rock Polodyakonov coefficient coefficient got the small value greater than 8 o'clock, as got 1-2ms/m, and get big value less than 8 o'clock, as get 3-5ms/m, be that purpose is to get big value to reduce vibrations harm, get the small value when being broken for purpose.
During the explosion of many rounds, the delay blasting time between row is every meter array pitch 8-50ms, is designated as 8-50ms/m; Preferred 15-30ms/m, row's number are less than or get the small value when equaling 2 rows, and row's number is got big value during more than 2 rows; Get the small value between row, get big value between row away from the scope of freedom near the scope of freedom.
The fan shaped medium length hole blasting method of ore deposit, down-hole provided by the invention is to the hole of big gun one by one in every row's fan shaped medium length hole, according to distance at the bottom of the hole; According to the time interval of 1-5ms/m, carry out the hole base initiation, can either alleviate every explosive broken concussion of blasting that is produced greatly; Alleviate destruction to blocked-out ore reserve big gun hole; The ore body that the blasting energy in a big gun hole is dished out to its last shot hole blasting in time after making again produces effect further broken and propelling, reduces boulder yield, and demolition effect is better.Present embodiment will be preferably between crushing effect and preferable hole defer time effectively combine, can obtain demolition effect preferably.
Before step S10, the embodiment of the invention also comprises the step of carrying out ore deposit, down-hole fan shaped medium length hole blasting Design, and this step comprises:
S101, according to the existing perforating apparatus in mine, confirm distance at the bottom of ore caving interval, the hole, hole depth, aperture backfill length, explosive specific charge, the single orifice explosive payload.Ore caving interval wherein is meant the distance between two rows.
Blasthole diameter as fan shaped medium length hole can be 60-100mm, preferred 76-90mm, and ore caving interval can be 1.5-3.2 rice; Preferred 1.5-2.2 rice; Distance can be 1.8 to 3.2 meters at the bottom of the hole, preferred 1.8-2.2 rice, and every row's big gun number of perforations can be 9-17 big gun hole; As select 11-15, the degree of depth to be 6 meters and do not wait to 45 meters.
S102, confirm the base initiation of detonator hole, do big gun hole layout drawing,, carry out the blasting network design according to big gun hole layout drawing.
Confirm defer time between the hole of same row shape medium-length hole according to the condition of lithology, the base initiation of unified implementation hole,
According to distance at the bottom of the hole, according to the principle of 1-5ms/m, set the defer time of every hole detonator in same row's shape medium-length hole, 2 meters can selecting hole interbody spacer 2-10ms like distance at the bottom of the hole.
The selection of explosion row number: when adopting bottom-column-free sectional caving stoping method, explosion row number can be 1-2 row, its
Its mining methods can be detonated for many rounds.In one embodiment, according to more close blanking time, 1-3ms detonates like the interval with two holes in the middle of first row; Progressively expand successively to both sides; The mode that forms opening with second row or back row's big gun hole is detonated successively, and the time that will detonate simultaneously evenly stagger, accomplish single hole Dan Xiang.
Fig. 2 is a shot hole blasting sequential schematic in one embodiment of the invention.Referring to shown in Figure 2, wherein, the firing order of blast hole is 11,9,7,5,3,1,2,4,6,8,10 by sequence number, wherein is spaced apart 1-3ms between the big gun hole 1 and 2.Detonate according to said sequence, the defer time of design is 21,17,13,9,5,1,3,7,11,15,19.
Because the scale of fan shaped medium length hole explosion onepull is smaller, thereby can select total 1000ms that delays to be
The digital electric detonator product, basic satisfy the production needs.When a plurality of nuggets extensive, select the digital electric detonator product of 4000ms; When detonate simultaneously in a plurality of stage casings, can select the digital electric detonator product of the 16000ms of long delay, equally according to designing the blanking time of elementary errors between the hole.
When loaded length in the hole during greater than 10 meters, adorn two digital electric detonators in the hole and detonate simultaneously, first is contained at the bottom of the hole, second position of 1/3rd to 2/3rds that is contained in grain length.
S103, design are carried out the explosion simulated test after finishing, and confirm that design is no problem, construct according to the program organization that requires of digital electric detonator.
The controlled blasting vibration frequency that is to say elementary errors between the hole is adjusted in the 25ms blanking time more than 40HZ as far as possible; Carry out on-the-spot explosion bulge test contrast, statistical test result proves the validity of defer time, carries out economical comparision; On the basis of contrast, carry out the hole pattern parameter optimization.
Embodiment 2:
Present embodiment is that example describes with the explosion of single medium-length hole.
Referring to Fig. 3 and shown in Figure 4, ore deposit, a kind of down-hole of present embodiment medium-length hole blasting method comprises step:
S20, according to designing dose in advance, with explosive pack into go up to, or/and down to, or/and in 15 fan shaped medium length holes of a row of level, and with digital electric detonator by the detonator numbering of the setting corresponding fan shaped medium length hole of packing into; Wherein the blasthole diameter of each fan shaped medium length hole can be 80mm, and apart from being designed to 2 meters, blast hole depth is a 6-30 rice at the bottom of the hole.
S21, set each big gun hole through said digital electric detonator burst time at interval.
According to distance at the bottom of the hole, according to the time interval of 5ms/m, from the big gun hole of centre, the left and right sides is asymmetric adds up.Burst time in first big gun hole is 10ms promptly, and the burst time in adjacent big gun hole, the left side is 20ms, and the adjacent burst time according to the big gun hole of the right is 30ms, about add up by 10 milliseconds successively, finish until the 15th hole.
S22, with the networking of said detonator electronics, according to burst time of said setting at interval, the hole base initiation is carried out in the hole of big gun one by one in the said fan shaped medium length hole.
Embodiment 3:
Present embodiment is that example describes with the explosion of double medium-length hole.
Referring to Fig. 5 and shown in Figure 6, the ore deposit fan shaped medium length hole blasting method of a kind of down-hole of present embodiment comprises step:
S30, according to designing dose in advance, with explosive pack into go up to, or/and level, or/and down to two row's fan shaped medium length holes in, and with digital electric detonator by the detonator numbering of the setting corresponding fan shaped medium length hole of packing into; The quantity of wherein every row's fan shaped medium length hole is 15, and the blasthole diameter of each fan shaped medium length hole can be 76mm, and blast hole depth is a 6-40 rice, is designed to 1.8 meters, 2.1 meters of ore caving intervals with distance at the bottom of the hole of row's fan shaped medium length hole.
S31, set each big gun hole through said digital electric detonator burst time at interval.
First row is according to the time interval of 3ms/m, and from the big gun hole of centre, the left and right sides is asymmetric adds up.Promptly burst time in first big gun hole is 5ms in the middle of first row, and the burst time in adjacent big gun hole, the left side is 10ms, and the adjacent burst time according to the big gun hole of the right is 15ms, about add up by 5 milliseconds successively, finish until the 15th big gun hole.
Second row is according to the time interval of 4ms/m, and from the big gun hole of centre, the left and right sides is asymmetric adds up.Promptly burst time in first big gun hole is 17ms in the middle of second row, and the burst time in adjacent big gun hole, the left side is 24ms, and the adjacent burst time according to the big gun hole of the right is 31ms, about add up by 7 milliseconds successively, finish until the 15th big gun hole.
The defer time in first hole, big gun hole of back one row is greater than the defer time in two big gun holes of last file leader, and the minimum multiple of defer time is got time in first hole between a later round.
S32, with the networking of said electric detonator, according to burst time of said setting at interval, the hole base initiation is carried out in the hole of big gun one by one in the said fan shaped medium length hole.
Embodiment 4:
Present embodiment is that example describes with the explosion of many rows medium-length hole.
Referring to Fig. 7 and shown in Figure 8, ore deposit, a kind of down-hole of present embodiment medium-length hole blasting method comprises step:
S40, according to designing dose in advance, with explosive pack into go up to, or/and level, or/and down to eight row's fan shaped medium length holes in, and with digital electric detonator by the detonator numbering of the setting corresponding fan shaped medium length hole of packing into.
Wherein the quantity of odd number row fan shaped medium length hole is 10, and the quantity of even rows fan shaped medium length hole is 9, and the blasthole diameter of each fan shaped medium length hole can be 90mm, and blast hole depth is a 6-30 rice, is designed to 2 meters with distance at the bottom of the hole of row's fan shaped medium length hole, 2 meters of ore caving interval designs.
The time delay of the numeral detonator at place, big gun aperture among Fig. 8, unit is a millisecond (ms).
The following rule setting of basis time delay that in the present embodiment detonate in the big gun hole:
Begin to select 1ms to begin according to first row's 1, second big gun hole 3ms, second row's 1 selects 16ms to begin; The 3rd row's 1 selects 36ms to begin; The 4th row's 1 selects 66ms to begin, and the 5th row's 1 selects 106ms to begin, and the 6th row's 1 selects 166ms to begin; The 7th row's 1 selects 246ms to begin; The 8th row's 1 selects 346ms to begin, then between each artillery salvo hole one to three row according to the asymmetric setting-up time in the left and right sides, interval of the right and left 7ms, four to eight rows asymmetric setting-up time about blanking time according to the right and left 10ms.
S41, with the networking of said detonator electronics, according to burst time of said setting at interval, the hole base initiation is carried out in the hole of big gun one by one in the said fan shaped medium length hole.
First two holes of row in the middle of the fan shaped medium length hole are progressively expanded to both sides according to detonating more close blanking time successively in the present embodiment, detonate successively with the mode of second row or back row's big gun hole formation opening, and the time that will detonate simultaneously evenly stagger.
The fan shaped medium length hole blasting method of ore deposit, the above embodiment of the present invention down-hole is to the hole of big gun one by one in every row's fan shaped medium length hole, according to distance at the bottom of the hole; According to the time interval of 1-5ms/m; According to the time interval of ore caving interval according to 8-50ms/m, carry out the hole base initiation, can either alleviate every explosive broken concussion of blasting that is produced greatly; Alleviate destruction to blocked-out ore reserve big gun hole; Can make the blasting energy in one big gun hole, back in time the ore body that its last shot hole blasting is dished out produced further fragmentation and progradation again, can reduce boulder yield, demolition effect is better.
The above; Be merely the specific embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, any technical staff who is familiar with the present technique field is in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; The variation that can expect easily or replacement all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claim.
Claims (10)
1. ore deposit, down-hole medium-length hole blasting method is characterized in that, comprising:
According to designing dose in advance, pack explosive at least one row's scallop hole or/and in the medium-length hole of upright opening, and detonator is equipped with priming bomb or the primary explosive column corresponding medium-length hole of packing into by the detonator numbering of setting;
With the networking of said detonator,,,, carry out the hole base initiation according to explosion blanking time between the time design hole of 1-5ms/m according to distance at the bottom of the hole to the hole of big gun one by one in every row's medium-length hole.
2. ore deposit, down-hole according to claim 1 medium-length hole blasting method is characterized in that,
First two holes of row in the middle of the medium-length hole are progressively expanded to both sides according to detonating the blanking time of 1-3ms successively, and the mode that forms opening with second row or back row's big gun hole is detonated successively, and the time that will detonate simultaneously evenly staggers.
3. ore deposit, down-hole according to claim 1 medium-length hole blasting method is characterized in that, distance is 1.0m to 3.2m at the bottom of the hole of said medium-length hole.
4. ore deposit, down-hole according to claim 1 medium-length hole blasting method is characterized in that the blasthole diameter of said medium-length hole is 60-100mm.
5. according to each ore deposit, described down-hole medium-length hole blasting method of claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that the blast hole depth 6m to 45m of every row's medium-length hole.
6. according to each ore deposit, described down-hole medium-length hole blasting method of claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that the ore caving interval in the medium-length hole blasting method of ore deposit, said down-hole is 1.5-3.2m.
7. according to each ore deposit, described down-hole medium-length hole blasting method of claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that said detonator is a digital electric detonator.
8. ore deposit, down-hole according to claim 1 medium-length hole blasting method is characterized in that,
Explosion comprises blanking time between said time design hole according to 1-5ms/m:
Rock Polodyakonov coefficient coefficient got the small value greater than 8 o'clock, less than getting big value at 8 o'clock, got big value when vibrations harm is purpose to reduce, and got the small value when being broken for purpose;
During the explosion of many rounds, the delay blasting time between row is 8-50ms/m, preferred 15-30ms/m; Wherein arrange number and be less than or equal 2 rows and the time get the small value, row's number is got big value during more than 2 rows, gets the small value between the row near the scope of freedom, gets big value between the row away from the scope of freedom.
9. according to each ore deposit, described down-hole medium-length hole blasting method of claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that during the explosion of many rounds, the delay blasting time between row is 8-50ms/m, preferred 15-30ms/m.
10. ore deposit, down-hole according to claim 7 medium-length hole blasting method; It is characterized in that,, adorn two digital electric detonators in the hole and detonate simultaneously when loaded length in the hole during greater than 10 meters; First is contained at the bottom of the hole, second position of 1/3rd to 2/3rds that is contained in grain length.
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| CN104154830A (en) * | 2014-08-08 | 2014-11-19 | 西北矿冶研究院 | Medium-length hole blasting method for underground mining |
| CN107391837A (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2017-11-24 | 中南大学 | A kind of aperture charge constitution parameter optimization method of fanhole(s) |
| CN108413822A (en) * | 2018-04-12 | 2018-08-17 | 长沙矿山研究院有限责任公司 | To fan shaped medium length hole Shock reducing blasting method in one kind |
| CN112361906A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2021-02-12 | 甘肃酒钢集团宏兴钢铁股份有限公司 | Medium-length hole V-shaped detonation method suitable for underground sill-pillar-free sublevel caving method |
| CN112683119A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-04-20 | 莱芜莱新铁矿有限责任公司 | Electronic detonator underground blasting construction method |
| CN113154976A (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2021-07-23 | 安徽马钢张庄矿业有限责任公司 | Novel fan-shaped deep hole distribution method for mining blasting |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104154830A (en) * | 2014-08-08 | 2014-11-19 | 西北矿冶研究院 | Medium-length hole blasting method for underground mining |
| CN104154830B (en) * | 2014-08-08 | 2016-04-27 | 西北矿冶研究院 | Medium-length hole blasting method for underground mining |
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| CN108413822A (en) * | 2018-04-12 | 2018-08-17 | 长沙矿山研究院有限责任公司 | To fan shaped medium length hole Shock reducing blasting method in one kind |
| CN112361906A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2021-02-12 | 甘肃酒钢集团宏兴钢铁股份有限公司 | Medium-length hole V-shaped detonation method suitable for underground sill-pillar-free sublevel caving method |
| CN112683119A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-04-20 | 莱芜莱新铁矿有限责任公司 | Electronic detonator underground blasting construction method |
| CN113154976A (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2021-07-23 | 安徽马钢张庄矿业有限责任公司 | Novel fan-shaped deep hole distribution method for mining blasting |
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