CN102620571A - Waste-heat power generating system in smelting process of rotary kiln and ore-smelting electric furnace - Google Patents
Waste-heat power generating system in smelting process of rotary kiln and ore-smelting electric furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN102620571A CN102620571A CN2012101027498A CN201210102749A CN102620571A CN 102620571 A CN102620571 A CN 102620571A CN 2012101027498 A CN2012101027498 A CN 2012101027498A CN 201210102749 A CN201210102749 A CN 201210102749A CN 102620571 A CN102620571 A CN 102620571A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a waste-heat power generating system in a smelting process of a rotary kiln and an ore-smelting electric furnace. The waste-heat power generating system is characterized in that the flue-gas waste heat of the ore-smelting electric furnace in the processes of ore drying, rough nickel ferronickel smelting in the electric furnace, refining in a converter and molten slag treatment in the smelting process of the rotary kiln and the ore-smelting electric furnace, flue-gas waste heat of the rotary kiln, molten-slag waste heat of the ore-smelting electric furnace and flue-gas waste heat of a refining converter are combined together with the waste-heat power generating system consisting of a waste-heat boiler and a turbine; and a flue-gas waste heat utilization subsystem of the ore-smelting electric furnace, a flue-gas waste heat utilization subsystem of the rotary kiln, a molten-slag waste heat utilization subsystem of the ore-smelting electric furnace and a flue-gas waste heat utilization subsystem of the refining converter are formed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of metal smelt UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN method or device, refer in particular to the afterheat generating system of a kind of rotary kiln-ore-smelting electric furnace smelting process; Belong to the eco-friendly power source technical field.
Background technology
At present be that the smelting process of the primary nickel of raw material production can be divided into two kinds of pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgys with the nickel ore, rotary kiln-ore-smelting electric furnace smelting technology is that the RKEF smelting process is a kind of of pyrometallurgy.RKFE smelting process ore typical process flow is following:
Preparation → the rotary kiln drying of nickel oxide ores preliminary drying dried (dry kiln) and reducing agent, be fired to 600～900 ℃, and selective reduction → sealing hot charging is gone into ore-smelting electric furnace and is further reduced, smelts → external desulfurzation of raw ferro nickel → in converter, remove impurity such as silicon, phosphorus, charcoal, sulphur, manganese → refining ferronickel water ingot bar.
The raw material of RKEF smelting process, fuel and flue gas process flow process are as shown in Figure 2:
Ore after rotary kiln 3 dryings, roasting passes through arc smelting in ore-smelting electric furnace 1; Raw ferro nickel and electric-furnace slag are isolated in reduction; Produce the master simultaneously and contain CO (70～75%), the low heat value high-temperature flue gas of H2, the flammable composition of CH4 is after expansion chamber 2 ash content sedimentations; A part is sent into rotary kiln 3 and coal dust act as a fuel in the lump drying, heating, roast ore raw material and pre-reduction of ore, after send into dry kiln 4 dry ores; Another part comes from the flue gas of ore-smelting electric furnace 1 and directly sends into dry kiln 4 and sneak into coal dust with the dry ore of rotary kiln 3 flue gases; Flue gas after dry kiln 4 utilizes, again after desulfurization, dust removal process, by air-introduced machine 6 from chimney 7 dischargings.
Although compare with other smelting process of conventional oxidation nickel, the RKEF smelting process is comparatively advanced, and efficiency greatly improves; But this technology is from introducing domestic application so far; Technology is still in the exploratory stage, uses not perfectly, ripe, and UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN is blank out especially.At present domestic enterprises few in number introduce and adopt this technology, although obtained big direct industrial achievement, still have following problems in a whole set of technology practical application:
1, system is tediously long, and each link is leaked out in a large number, and the air-introduced machine operating mode is bad, and system's negative pressure is not enough, causes ore-smelting electric furnace underload, is difficult to reach rated load;
2, smoke pipe coking situation is serious, and flame emits outward and happens occasionally, and has potential safety hazard; Problems such as heat is wasted in a large number, and the coal utilization efficiency is not high.
The existence of above-mentioned various problems; Show that not only this technology has the needs and the possibility of further raising on technical performance; Especially how to solve problems such as the efficiency of energy utilization that exists in the process route, residual heat resources recovery, energy-conserving and environment-protective, just become the problem that the sector scientific and technical personnel press for solution.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention: be intended to afterheat generating system is introduced RKEF smelting technology, both solved the problem that this technology runs at present at home, again can the recovery waste heat resource, energy-conserving and environment-protective improve energy utilization rate.
The afterheat generating system of the rotary kiln that the present invention relates to-ore-smelting electric furnace smelting process is characterized in that: the ore-smelting electric furnace fume afterheat, rotary kiln fume afterheat, ore-smelting electric furnace melting slag waste heat and the refining converter fume afterheat that occur in the electric furnace smelting raw ferro nickel that exists in whole rotary kiln-ore-smelting electric furnace smelting process, ore drying, slag treatment, the converter refining technology and the afterheat generating system that is made up of at least one steam turbine generator are combined; Forming the ore-smelting electric furnace fume afterheat utilizes subsystem, rotary kiln fume afterheat to utilize subsystem, ore-smelting electric furnace melting slag waste heat to utilize subsystem and refining converter fume afterheat to utilize subsystem.
Wherein: described ore-smelting electric furnace fume afterheat utilizes subsystem B; Comprise ore-smelting electric furnace 1, expansion chamber 2, deduster 5.1, air-introduced machine 6.1, chimney 7.1 and waste heat boiler 8.1, ore-smelting electric furnace 1, expansion chamber 2, waste heat boiler 8.1, air-introduced machine 6.1 and chimney 7.1 serial connections are constituted a fume emission path through feed-line; Ore-smelting electric furnace low heat value high-temperature flue gas is after fully burning once more, and the heat-carrying steam after waste heat boiler 8.1 carries out heat exchange is sent into steam turbine 10 and realized cogenerations by generator 11.
Described rotary kiln fume afterheat utilizes subsystem A; Comprise rotary kiln 3, hothouse 4, deduster 5.2, air-introduced machine 6.2, chimney 7.2 and waste heat boiler 8.2, rotary kiln 3, waste heat boiler 8.2, deduster 5.2, air-introduced machine 6.2 and chimney 7.2 serial connections are constituted a fume emission path through feed-line; The heat-carrying steam that rotary kiln 3 flue gases introducing waste heat boiler 8.2 carries out after the heat exchange is sent into steam turbine 10 by generator 11 realization cogenerations.
Described ore-smelting electric furnace fume afterheat utilizes subsystem B, except through pipeline flue gas being inserted the waste heat boiler 8.1, also is communicated with the rotary kiln fume afterheat through pipeline simultaneously and utilizes rotary kiln 3 and dry kiln 4 among the subsystem A.
Described AOD refining converter fume afterheat utilizes the D of system, and high-temperature flue gas passes through gasification cooling flue, waste heat boiler successively, and the steam that produces is sent into steam turbine 10 fillings generating; Flue gas is delivered to smoke stack emission through deduster by air-introduced machine.
Described ore-smelting electric furnace melting slag waste heat utilizes the C of system, and producing steam after the high-temperature slag hardening after collecting, is sent into steam turbine 10 generatings according to its grade as main vapour or filling.
The afterheat generating system of this rotary kiln-ore-smelting electric furnace smelting process that proposes according to above technical scheme has not only kept RKEF smelting process numerous superior functions in actual use.Simultaneously, also found solution for improving energy utilization rate, reduce environmental pollution and overcoming some problems that domestic introduction RKEF smelting process exists in digesting and assimilating.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a system schematic of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is rotary kiln-ore-smelting electric furnace crude fuel and flue gas process schematic flow sheet.
Among the figure: press sub-cylinder 9.2- low pressure sub-cylinder 10- steam turbine 11- generator A- ore-smelting electric furnace fume afterheat to utilize the B- of system rotary kiln fume afterheat to utilize the C- of system ore-smelting electric furnace melting slag waste heat to utilize the D- of system refining converter fume afterheat to utilize system among the 1- ore-smelting electric furnace 2- expansion chamber 3- rotary kiln 4- hothouse 5- deduster 5.1- deduster 5.2- deduster 6- air-introduced machine 6.1- air-introduced machine 6.2- air-introduced machine 7- chimney 7.1- chimney 7.2- chimney 8.1- waste heat boiler 8.2 waste heat boiler 9.1-.
The specific embodiment
Further set forth the present invention below in conjunction with Figure of description, and provide embodiments of the invention.
The afterheat generating system of rotary kiln as shown in Figure 1-ore-smelting electric furnace smelting process is characterized in that: the ore-smelting electric furnace fume afterheat, rotary kiln fume afterheat, ore-smelting electric furnace melting slag waste heat and the refining converter fume afterheat that occur in the electric furnace smelting raw ferro nickel that exists in whole rotary kiln-ore-smelting electric furnace smelting process, ore drying, slag treatment, the converter refining technology and the afterheat generating system that is made up of at least one steam turbine generator are combined; Forming the ore-smelting electric furnace fume afterheat utilizes subsystem B, rotary kiln fume afterheat to utilize subsystem A, ore-smelting electric furnace melting slag waste heat to utilize subsystem C and refining converter fume afterheat to utilize subsystem D.
Wherein:
Described ore-smelting electric furnace fume afterheat utilizes subsystem B; Comprise ore-smelting electric furnace 1, expansion chamber 2, deduster 5.1, air-introduced machine 6.1, chimney 7.1 and waste heat boiler 8.1, ore-smelting electric furnace 1, expansion chamber 2, waste heat boiler 8.1, air-introduced machine 6.1 and chimney 7.1 serial connections are constituted a fume emission path through feed-line; Ore-smelting electric furnace low heat value high-temperature flue gas is after fully burning once more, and the heat-carrying steam after waste heat boiler 8.1 carries out heat exchange is sent into steam turbine 10 and realized cogenerations by generator 11.
Described rotary kiln fume afterheat utilizes subsystem A; Comprise rotary kiln 3, hothouse 4, deduster 5.2, air-introduced machine 6.2, chimney 7.2 and waste heat boiler 8.2, rotary kiln 3, waste heat boiler 8.2, deduster 5.2, air-introduced machine 6.2 and chimney 7.2 serial connections are constituted a fume emission path through feed-line; The heat-carrying steam that rotary kiln 3 flue gases introducing waste heat boiler 8.2 carries out after the heat exchange is sent into steam turbine 10 by generator 11 realization cogenerations.
Described ore-smelting electric furnace fume afterheat utilizes subsystem B, except through pipeline flue gas being inserted the waste heat boiler 8.1, also is communicated with the rotary kiln fume afterheat through pipeline simultaneously and utilizes rotary kiln 3 and dry kiln 4 among the subsystem A.Like this, former RKEF smelting technology flue gas connecting line still keeps as bypass, and unblank bypass when afterheat generating system overhauls or breaks down does not influence the smelting process operation.
Described AOD refining converter fume afterheat utilizes the D of system, and high-temperature flue gas passes through gasification cooling flue, waste heat boiler successively, and the steam that produces is sent into steam turbine 10 fillings generating; Flue gas is delivered to smoke stack emission through deduster by air-introduced machine.
Described ore-smelting electric furnace melting slag waste heat utilizes the C of system, and producing steam after the high-temperature slag hardening after collecting, is sent into steam turbine 10 generatings according to its grade as main vapour or filling.
Among the present invention, because the introducing of afterheat generating system, do not influencing under the prerequisite that RKEF smelts former technology; Make originally tediously long fuel and air and gas system become not only separate but also unify to cooperate; Increased the controllability of each link, each process equipment is well moved, performance efficiency can be given full play to.
For example: the ore-smelting electric furnace fume afterheat that is made up of ore-smelting electric furnace-expansion chamber-waste heat boiler-deduster-air-introduced machine-chimney utilizes subsystem B; Native system is relatively independent, smoke pipe sealing insulation, and shorten flue gas connection pipeline; Reduce and leak out and thermal loss; The air-introduced machine operating mode is controlled, and load and negative pressure can effectively not solved completely, and the smoke pipe situation of burning with anger is eliminated.Ore-smelting electric furnace low heat value flue gas fully burns, and makes air excess, reduces flue-gas temperature.Be recyclable heat, flue-gas temperature is reduced, avoid coking.Flue gas gets into waste heat boiler and reclaims heat energy, produces steam-electric power, improves the thermal resource utilization, energy-conserving and environment-protective.
Rotary kiln fume afterheat adopting rotary kiln-waste heat boiler-deduster-air-introduced machine-constitute with chimney-serial connection utilizes among the subsystem A, and rotary kiln employing coal dust acts as a fuel drying, roast ore; Wherein the CO that produces of carbon and burning no longer relies on mineral heating furnace flue as the prereduction agent, influenced by it, and the rotary kiln running controllability that becomes is stronger, and is normal for system, effectively operation creates conditions.The rotary kiln flue gas is sent into waste heat boiler 8.1 and is reclaimed heat energy with waste heat boiler 8.2, produces the generating of steam steam supply turbine generator, reclaims thermal resource, energy-conserving and environment-protective, and the thermal resource utilization rate is high.
Generally speaking, dry kiln 4 no longer adopts mineral heating furnace flue as the dry ore of thermal source, and adopts RK exhaust-heat boiler flue gas and additional coal dust firing as thermal source.The dry kiln thermal source simple controllable that becomes, and no longer include the ore-smelting electric furnace flue gas send into dry kiln along the Cheng Yu heat loss, heat branch grade is fully used.
Rotary kiln 3 and dry kiln 4 have reduced along journey and have leaked out a little, adopt relatively independent deduster 5.2 and air-introduced machine 6.2, influenced by the ore-smelting electric furnace operating mode, and system leaks out controlled, and the equipment operating condition can improve.
In addition, recyclable waste heat produces two kinds of steam, medium temperature and medium pressure superheated steam and low-temp low-pressure superheated steam in the ore-smelting electric furnace slag cooling procedure.Medium temperature and medium pressure steam and EF waste heat boiler steam get into steam turbine 10 as main vapour, by generator 11 generatings.
Equally, the AOD converter afterheat steam that produces in the ferronickel AOD converter refining process also can be incorporated the native system generating into as the secondary filling of steam turbine 10 according to its pressure and temp, improves utilization efficiency of heat energy.
Among the present invention, former RKEF smelting process flue gas connects and still keeps as bypass, and afterheat generating system maintenance or start bypass when breaking down does not influence the smelting process operation.
Waste heat boiler 6.1, waste heat boiler 6.2 are furnished with relatively independent water supply system, are that the operation of two boilers is independent of each other and creates conditions
The technical scheme that the present invention proposes is divided the grade utilization with the energy in the RKEF smelting process, reclaims heat energy, produces electric energy on the spot, has reduced the loss in the power delivery process, for the such big power consumer of metallurgy industry, also is energy-conservation effective way.
For metallurgy industry enterprise, build afterheat generating system, to invest for a short time, instant effect can significantly reduce the metallurgical production energy consumption, correspondingly can significantly improve the business economic benefit.For the sustainable development of China's economy with society, energy-conservation is to work as very urgent task of last item.The energy-conservation necessary technology that relies on does not have the corresponding techniques support, and energy-saving and emission-reduction will become an empty verbiage so.Simultaneously the RKEF smelting process is introduced China or primary stage, its maturation, improves for China's metallurgy industry development special meaning is also arranged.The present invention is based on whole RKEF smelting process; The introducing cogeneration technology of innovation; To the operation of the effective and safe of process system and Utilizing Energy Sources in Reason has been made actively, effectively exploration, very important meaning is all arranged for the energy-saving and emission-reduction of China and the development of metallurgy industry.
Claims (4)
1. the afterheat generating system of rotary kiln-ore-smelting electric furnace smelting process is characterized in that: the ore-smelting electric furnace fume afterheat, rotary kiln fume afterheat, ore-smelting electric furnace melting slag waste heat and the refining converter fume afterheat that occur in the electric furnace smelting raw ferro nickel that exists in whole rotary kiln-ore-smelting electric furnace smelting process, ore drying, slag treatment, the converter refining technology and the afterheat generating system that is made up of at least one steam turbine generator are combined; Forming the ore-smelting electric furnace fume afterheat utilizes subsystem, rotary kiln fume afterheat to utilize subsystem, ore-smelting electric furnace melting slag waste heat to utilize subsystem and refining converter fume afterheat to utilize subsystem.
2. the afterheat generating system of rotary kiln as claimed in claim 1-ore-smelting electric furnace smelting process; It is characterized in that: described ore-smelting electric furnace fume afterheat utilizes subsystem B; Comprise ore-smelting electric furnace (1), expansion chamber (2), deduster 5.1, air-introduced machine 6.1, chimney 7.1 and waste heat boiler 8.1, ore-smelting electric furnace (1), expansion chamber (2), waste heat boiler 8.1, air-introduced machine 6.1 and chimney 7.1 serial connections are constituted a fume emission path through feed-line; Ore-smelting electric furnace low heat value high-temperature flue gas is after fully burning once more, and the heat-carrying steam after waste heat boiler 8.1 carries out heat exchange is sent into steam turbine (10) and realized cogeneration by generator (11).
3. the afterheat generating system of rotary kiln as claimed in claim 1-ore-smelting electric furnace smelting process; It is characterized in that: described rotary kiln fume afterheat utilizes subsystem A; Comprise rotary kiln (3), hothouse (4), deduster 5.2, air-introduced machine 6.2, chimney 7.2 and waste heat boiler 8.2, rotary kiln (3), waste heat boiler 8.2, deduster 5.2, air-introduced machine 6.2 and chimney 7.2 serial connections are constituted a fume emission path through feed-line; The heat-carrying steam that rotary kiln (3) flue gas introducing waste heat boiler 8.2 carries out after the heat exchange is sent into steam turbine (10) by generator (11) realization cogeneration.
4. the afterheat generating system of rotary kiln as claimed in claim 2-ore-smelting electric furnace smelting process; It is characterized in that: described ore-smelting electric furnace fume afterheat utilizes subsystem B; Except flue gas being inserted the waste heat boiler 8.1, also be communicated with the rotary kiln fume afterheat simultaneously and utilize rotary kiln (3) and dry kiln (4) among the subsystem A through pipeline through pipeline.
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| CN103822495A (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2014-05-28 | 路忠胜 | Energy-saving emission-reducing yield-increasing method for DC-resistor electric heating equipment |
| CN103900392A (en) * | 2014-04-21 | 2014-07-02 | 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 | Method and system for carrying out waste heat utilization, efficient filtration and unified purification on electric furnace flue gas |
| CN104132331A (en) * | 2014-07-30 | 2014-11-05 | 石家庄新华能源环保科技股份有限公司 | Partition wall heating device with coal dust as fuel |
| CN105371669A (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2016-03-02 | 南京凯盛开能环保能源有限公司 | Power generating system and method by jointly recycling waste heat of glass melting kiln flue gas and annealing kiln waste gas |
| CN107746974A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-03-02 | 临沂鑫海新型材料有限公司 | Electric furnace coal-gas recovering utilizes device in RKEF method smelting ferronickels |
| CN109943714A (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2019-06-28 | 赛能杰高新技术股份有限公司 | The smelting process and smelting system of vanadium titano-magnetite |
| CN113404562A (en) * | 2021-07-10 | 2021-09-17 | 湖南华菱湘钢节能发电有限公司 | Steam supply system for power generation by waste heat steam of converter in iron and steel plant |
| CN113790589A (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2021-12-14 | 新疆宜化化工有限公司 | Process and device for realizing energy-saving and efficient drying of carbide slag |
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| CN107746974A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-03-02 | 临沂鑫海新型材料有限公司 | Electric furnace coal-gas recovering utilizes device in RKEF method smelting ferronickels |
| CN109943714A (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2019-06-28 | 赛能杰高新技术股份有限公司 | The smelting process and smelting system of vanadium titano-magnetite |
| CN113404562A (en) * | 2021-07-10 | 2021-09-17 | 湖南华菱湘钢节能发电有限公司 | Steam supply system for power generation by waste heat steam of converter in iron and steel plant |
| CN113790589A (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2021-12-14 | 新疆宜化化工有限公司 | Process and device for realizing energy-saving and efficient drying of carbide slag |
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Application publication date: 20120801 |