CN102619714A - Heat engine cycle operation method and single-heat-source heat engine - Google Patents
Heat engine cycle operation method and single-heat-source heat engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN102619714A CN102619714A CN2012100585641A CN201210058564A CN102619714A CN 102619714 A CN102619714 A CN 102619714A CN 2012100585641 A CN2012100585641 A CN 2012100585641A CN 201210058564 A CN201210058564 A CN 201210058564A CN 102619714 A CN102619714 A CN 102619714A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a heat engine cycle operation method, which comprises a heat-gain and quality-increase process, and heat and/or the quality of the working medium in a heat engine system is increased in the heat-gain and quality-increase process. The invention also discloses a single-heat-source heat engine for realizing the heat engine cycle operation method. For example, the single-heat-source heat engine comprises a cylinder piston mechanism, wherein a cylinder of the cylinder piston mechanism is provided with an air inlet and a vent; and the air inlet and the vent are provided with an air inlet valve and a vent valve corresponding to the air inlet and the vent. The single-heat-source heat engine also comprises a high-pressure injection system, wherein the high-pressure injection system is arranged on the cylinder of the cylinder piston mechanism and is used for injecting expanding agent into the cylinder of the cylinder piston mechanism in the heat-gain and quality-increase process; and the air inlet valve, the vent valve and the high-pressure injection system are controlled by a process control device. The heat engine cycle operation method can be used for manufacturing the single-heat-source heat engine.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to heat energy and power field, especially a kind of hot machine periodic duty method and the hot machine of single thermal source.
Background technique
According to thermodynamic (al) fundamental law, hot machine must need the thermal source of two different temperatures.Yet the low-temperature heat source of all hot machines is all made in expansion acting process by working medium voluntarily in the world, and the state of low-temperature heat source is by the status parameter decision of working medium under the high temperature heat source state.High temperature heat source then normally makes up through combustion fuel.For this reason, human consumption mass energy, also environment has been caused severe contamination.If can invent a kind of status parameter that changes working medium under the high temperature heat source state through the mass transfer means; Working medium is reached at the end in expansion acting process; Can make the thermal source that a working medium temperature is equal to or less than ambient temperature voluntarily; Just constituted the hot machine of single thermal source, the efficient generation internal of hot machine is improved.
Summary of the invention
Generally speaking, the hot machine of single thermal source is typical perpetuum mobile of the second kind, can not realize, we firmly believe to this conclusion.Yet the hot machine of single thermal source in general sense all is to have only heat transfer not have the thermodynamic process of mass transfer, if mass transfer is introduced thermodynamic process, basic variation will take place situation.No matter in thermodynamic process, introducing mass transfer has much academic theoretical value, also no matter has or not academic theoretical flaw, if but in real heat power industrial field, can make the hot machine of single thermal source become possibility through the mass transfer means, then have epoch making significance.So; How to utilize the mass transfer means to make the hot machine of single thermal source become possibility; Example below existing is as explanation: if we are compressed to certain pressure and temperature state with gas through the adiabatic compression means, at this moment begin the acting of expanding, the state (supposing that adiabatic compression process and the adiabatic expansion process of doing work all is reversible) when working medium will be recovered compression stroke and begin; The merit of system's output is identical with the merit that needs, thereby the impossible externally outputting power of system; If yet will begin in gas working medium, to import dilatant (dilatant abbreviates PZJ as) before the adiabatic expansion acting; As long as the amount and the thermodynamic property of dilatant are suitable; The gas working medium that is imported into dilatant will be lowered the temperature and boosted; The working medium of cooling after the boosting temperature of the end-state that acting the reaches temperature will be lower than compression stroke and begin the time that expands again, the merit that the merit of system's output at this moment will need greater than system, so the external outputting power of system; Formation is the hot machine of thermal source with the working medium of compression stroke initial state; This just is equivalent to utilize the means of mass transfer in environment, to set up the thermal source that a temperature is lower than environment, and this thermal source is exactly the working medium of acting after being over that expands, and the working medium of the acting of expanding after being over can't be passed to environment with own inner heat; But can mix with environment, finally remain the hot machine that is operated under the thermal source (environment).
Below; We prove theoretically: well-known; There is
in adiabatic process in the traditional hot mechanics field (wherein;
is pressure;
is volume;
is adiabatic index;
is constant) relationship; Any two adiabaticss are impossible intersect on P-V figure; If intersect and to constitute the hot machine of single thermal source; And the hot machine of single thermal source is impossible exist; Therefore, two adiabaticss among Figure 13 can't intersect forever.If yet the dilatant that we import has changed
value (
is the adiabatic index of working medium); Then must cause adiabatics and the adiabatics after the dilatant importing before dilatant imports crossing; Shown in Figure 3 is the situation of
; A-B-D-A constitutes single thermal source circulation in Fig. 3, thereby constitutes the hot machine of single thermal source.Shown in Figure 4ly be
Situation, A-B-D-A in Fig. 4
/-A constitutes single thermal source circulation, has also constituted the hot machine of single thermal source.These two examples explain that theoretically the means through mass transfer can make the hot machine of single thermal source become possibility.Moreover, even if the dilatant that adds does not change the K value (promptly
But because the importing of dilatant; Can be under the condition of the pressure of the expansion acting process working medium at the end pressure during more than or equal to the compression process starting point; The volume of the working medium of the volume that makes expansion acting process working medium at the end during, and the temperature of the working medium when making the temperature of the acting back working medium that expands be equal to or less than the compression process starting point greater than the compression process starting point; The temperature of the working medium the when temperature of acting back working medium is equal to or less than the compression process starting point owing to expand is so the working medium after the acting of expanding can't be conducted heat to environment; Emit when afterwards mixing with environment; Also, therefore also can constitute single thermal source circulation, promptly constitute the hot machine of single thermal source not to the environment heat release; Shown in Figure 2 is exactly this situation, among the figure
, some A
/The working medium temperature be equal to or less than the working medium temperature of an A, A-B-D-A
/-A constitutes single thermal source circulation, thereby constitutes the hot machine of single thermal source.If walk f and g line among Figure 12 then be Carnot's cycle, under the situation that has dilatant to import, some A
/The working medium temperature be equal to or less than the working medium temperature of an A, visible by Figure 12, single thermal source circulation A-B-D-A
/The single circuit merit of-A is greater than Carnot's cycle.Fig. 1,2,3,4 and Figure 12 in, the B-D process can be the external heat process, also can be internal combustion heating process; The temperature of some D working medium can be higher than, be equal to or less than a temperature of B working medium.
The hot machine of this single thermal source also can be defined as the hot machine of high temperature heat source, the hot machine of inferior high temperature heat source or not have the hot machine of low-temperature heat source, does not promptly have the hot machine of low-temperature receiver.
Two kinds of representative elaboration modes of the second law of thermodynamics are: the one, and Kelvin's elaboration mode, promptly " can not be from the single source draw heat, make it to become useful work fully and do not cause other variations."; The 2nd, Clausius's elaboration mode, i.e. " can not pass to high temp objects to heat from cryogenic object and do not produce other influences ".The Kano proposes in " power of opinion fire " paper of delivering in its 1824: hot machine must operate between two thermals source, from the high temperature heat source draw heat, passes to low-temperature heat source to the part of institute's draw heat again, only in this way could obtain mechanical work.And the Kano has proposed famous Carnot theorem according to this conclusion; I.e.
; (wherein;
is cycle efficiency;
is the temperature of high temperature heat source;
is the temperature of low-temperature heat source), Carnot theorem is the theorem that has guiding significance in the present hot mechanism opinion.At present people to the understanding of Carnot theorem are: the heat that working medium is drawn from high temperature heat source in the isothermal inflation process under the high temperature heat source temperature is regarded as the heat of " from the high temperature heat source draw heat " in the Carnot theorem; The heat of discharging working medium to environment is regarded as that a part of heat of " passing to low-temperature heat source to the part of institute's draw heat " in the Carnot theorem.Yet in the hot machine circulation of reality, high temperature heat source all is artificial the manufacturing, and low-temperature heat source all is according to the state (temperature and pressure) of working medium under the high temperature heat source and the thermodynamic property of working medium, is made voluntarily in inflation process by working medium.For example, in external-combustion engine, make the status parameter of the working medium under the high temperature heat source reach such a case: promptly to expand and do work at the end that the temperature of working medium is lower than even is lower than significantly ambient temperature.That the merit that such cyclic process is exported is bound to is approaching, equal or exceed the heat that from high temperature heat source, absorbs; In other words; That its efficient is bound to is approaching, equal or exceed 100%; The temperature of the working medium of acting is lower than ambient temperature if expand, and just can not still can or be derived from the low-temperature heat source heat absorption to the low-temperature heat source heat extraction, and the working medium that is derived can be thrown into other thermals source (comprising high temperature heat source) of any temperature.For example in internal-combustion engine, the high temperature heat source of internal-combustion engine is the working medium after the fuel combustion again, and low-temperature heat source (also can be described as low-temperature receiver) is the working medium after the acting of expanding, and the state of the working medium after the acting of expanding to be state by the working medium after the fuel combustion determine.In this case; If inject dilatant in the working medium under the high temperature heat source temperature and make dilatant absorb under the high temperature heat source temperature that heat boosts or generating gasification (containing criticalization process and superheating process) is boosted; And the status parameter that makes the working medium after the fuel combustion reaches certain value; Just can make the temperature of the working medium after the acting of expanding be lower than even be lower than significantly ambient temperature, that the merit that such cyclic process is exported is bound to is approaching, equal or exceed the heat that from high temperature heat source, absorbs, in other words; That its efficient is bound to is approaching, equal or exceed 100%; The temperature of the working medium of acting is lower than ambient temperature if expand, and just can not still can or be derived from the low-temperature heat source heat absorption to the low-temperature heat source heat extraction, and the working medium that is derived can be thrown into other thermals source (comprising high temperature heat source) of any temperature.These two examples have all caused with existing thermodynamic theories and the unaccountable situation of theorem on the surface.Therefore; There are mistaken ideas in people to the understanding of Carnot theorem at present; Which part heat the heat of so so-called " from the high temperature heat source draw heat " is meant actually, and which part heat that a part of heat of so-called " passing to low-temperature heat source to the part of institute's draw heat " is meant actually.We think that the heat of " from the high temperature heat source draw heat " is to constitute from the apparent heat (being contained in the heat that working medium is drawn from high temperature heat source under the high temperature heat source temperature) (shown in the Q Figure 10) drawn the high temperature heat source and end heat (shown in the Qc among Figure 10) two-part of working medium by working medium is heated to working medium the process of temperature of high temperature heat source from the temperature of low-temperature heat source by high temperature heat source, and that a part of heat of so-called " passing to low-temperature heat source to the part of institute's draw heat " is hot (shown in the Qc among Figure 10) two-part formation in the end of the apparent heat (shown in the q among Figure 10) of being discharged to environment by working medium and working medium.In other words; Working medium temperature even if expand after the acting is lower than ambient temperature, and working medium can not be conducted heat to environment, as long as the working medium after the acting of will expanding finds whereabouts; As be thrown in the environment or be thrown in other thermals source (comprising high temperature heat source) of any temperature, hot machine is with regard to work capable of circulation.Moreover, under given conditions, can the cryogenic fluid after the acting of expanding be thrown in the high temperature heat source of system (like Qc-M-T among Figure 11
2Shown in the dotted line direction); The working medium of acting back cooling condensation of for example expanding can be thrown in the HTHP working medium after the burning of internal-combustion engine; The cryogenic fluid after the acting of for example expanding can be thrown in the indoor or boiler steam generator of the boiler burning of heat and power system; For example the weary gas in the air motor is thrown into (environment is exactly the high temperature heat source of air motor in some air motor) in the environment, the liquid that for example will absorb heat again from the working medium after the acting of expanding is thrown into the high temperature heat source.Can draw such conclusion thus: hot machine can be operated under the thermal source, as long as the working medium after the acting of will expanding derives, hot machine just can periodic duty.Working medium after the expansion acting of being derived can be thrown into than in the low thermal source of self temperature; Can be thrown in the thermal source identical with self temperature; Can be thrown into than in the high thermal source of self temperature; Can be thrown in the high temperature heat source, also can be thrown into than in the higher thermal source of high temperature heat source temperature; Moreover, if the working medium after the expansion acting is only externally conducted heat heat is passed to low-temperature heat source, the low-temperature heat source that is heated still can be thrown in the high temperature heat source, for example can the cooling medium that be used for cooling off the working medium after expansion is done work be thrown into high temperature heat source.
Fig. 7,8 and Fig. 9 be hot machine schematic representation that the outlet of the residual of hot machine dock with high temperature heat source (so-called residual outlet being meant expand do work after outlet or the outlet of working medium of the remaining heat of working medium).Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 put into enough big " high-temperature area " (being thermal source) with the jet pipe that has water in the interlayer; Water in the interlayer produces high pressure steam from so-called " high-temperature area " endothermic gasification; High pressure steam gets into the inner the place ahead of jet pipe; Under the high pressure effect, steam sprays at a high speed from jet pipe, produces reaction thrust externally do work (similar rocket); The steam of ejection gets in so-called " high-temperature area " from the jet pipe rear, outputs power to so-called " high-temperature area " place in addition through running shaft.
Therefore, the necessary condition of hot machine work is not two thermals source, but at least one thermal source and at least one residual outlet.Said residual outlet can be communicated with (high temperature heat source that comprises system) with any other thermal source; Hot machine gets final product periodic duty with regard to a thermal source of needs in the structure that said residual exports with high temperature heat source is communicated with; The outlet of said residual not with structure that high temperature heat source is communicated with in hot machine just need have two thermals source at least, to export can only be the outlet of the working medium after expansion is done work to said residual when the thermal source that is higher than said residual outlet when said residual outlet and temperature was communicated with.The argumentation of " hot machine must operate between two thermals source; from the high temperature heat source draw heat; pass to low-temperature heat source to the part of institute's draw heat again, only in this way could obtain mechanical work " that the Kano proposes in " power of opinion fire " paper of delivering in its 1824 is above-mentioned to a special case in the hot machine operating conditions argumentation.
We can incorporate in the high object of temperature by the object that temperature is low through the means of mass transfer, and the heat in indirect realization the object that temperature is low passes in the high object of temperature and goes.Low object is limited if we suppose this temperature, and the object that this temperature is high is unlimited, and we have just realized passing to heat high temp objects and not producing this of other influences from cryogenic object through the mass transfer means cannot implementation procedure.When this sweeps the room of oneself like us, having some rubbish and produce, where no matter we is gone if throwing away these rubbish to, as long as take out oneself room to these rubbish, it is clean and tidy that the room of oneself will become.In other words, no matter we throw away the refuse tip with these rubbish, still throw away five-star hotel and go, and our room all can become neatly, and we are unnecessary must to throw away the place dirtier than own room to these rubbish.
To achieve these goals, the technological scheme of the present invention's proposition is following:
A kind of hot machine periodic duty method comprises that the gain of heat increases the matter process, increases increase heat of the working medium in heat engine system and/or increase quality in the matter process in the said gain of heat.
Also comprise breathing process, adiabatic compression process and adiabatic expansion acting process; Between said adiabatic compression process and said adiabatic expansion acting process, be provided with the gain of heat and increase the matter process; Said adiabatic expansion acting process working medium temperature at the end is equal to or less than said breathing process working medium temperature at the end; Just said adiabatic expansion acting process working medium temperature at the end is equal to or less than the working medium temperature of said adiabatic compression process when beginning, and said breathing process-said adiabatic compression process-said gain of heat increases matter process-said adiabatic expansion acting process-working medium discharge process and constitutes a circulation.
The adiabatic index of the working medium before adiabatic index that the said gain of heat increases in the matter process working medium after importing dilatant and importing dilatant is identical.
Increase the adiabatic index of the adiabatic index of the working medium after importing dilatant in the matter process in the said gain of heat greater than the working medium before importing dilatant.
Increase the adiabatic index of the adiabatic index of the working medium after importing dilatant in the matter process in the said gain of heat less than the working medium before importing dilatant.
The gain of heat process that the said gain of heat increases in the matter process forms completion by external combustion heat form or external heat transfer.
The gain of heat process that the said gain of heat increases in the matter process is accomplished by the internal combustion heat form.
The matter process that increases that the said gain of heat increases in the matter process is accomplished by high-pressure injection system.
Said adiabatic compression realization process mechanism is made as cylinder piston type adiabatic compression mechanism, or is made as impeller type adiabatic compression mechanism.
Said adiabatic expansion acting realization process mechanism is made as cylinder piston type adiabatic expansion acting mechanism, or is made as the impeller type acting mechanism of expanding.
Increasing in the said gain of heat increases dilatant in heat engine system in the matter process.
The hot machine of a kind of single thermal source comprises cylinder piston mechanism, and the cylinder of said cylinder piston mechanism is provided with suction port and relief opening, and said suction port and said relief opening are provided with corresponding with it intake valve and exhaust valve; Also comprise high-pressure injection system, said high-pressure injection system is arranged on the cylinder of said cylinder piston mechanism, is used for increasing the in-cylinder injection dilatant of matter process to said cylinder piston mechanism in the said gain of heat; Said intake valve, said exhaust valve and said high-pressure injection system are controlled by process control equipment.
The hot machine of a kind of single thermal source; Comprise jet pipe and high-temperature area; One end of said jet pipe and support arm is connected, and the other end and the pto of said support arm are connected, and establish the dilatant introducing port in the front portion of said jet pipe; The working medium passage of said dilatant introducing port in being arranged on said support arm and said pto is communicated with the dilatant source; Said jet pipe is arranged in the said high-temperature area, and dilatant absorbs in the front end inner chamber of said jet pipe and transmits the heat that comes by the wall of said jet pipe in the said high-temperature area and forms pressurized gas, and these pressurized gas promote said pto from the rear end ejection acquisition reaction thrust of said jet pipe and rotate external outputting power.
The hot machine of a kind of single thermal source; Comprise jet pipe and high-temperature area, an end of said jet pipe and support arm is connected, and the other end and the pto of said support arm are connected; In the wall of said jet pipe, be provided with the dilatant interlayer; Be filled with dilatant in the said dilatant interlayer, the inwall of said dilatant interlayer is provided with the fluid passage that is communicated with said jet pipe front end inner chamber, and said jet pipe is arranged in the said high-temperature area; Dilatant absorbs in said dilatant interlayer and transmits the heat that comes in the said high-temperature area by the interlayer outer wall and forms pressurized gas, and these pressurized gas promote said pto from the rear end ejection acquisition reaction thrust of said jet pipe and rotate external outputting power.
Among the present invention, so-called process comprises stroke; It is to point to the process that intrasystem working medium increases heat and/or increases quality that the so-called gain of heat increases the matter process; The so-called heat that increases can adopt external combustion heat form and/or external heat transfer mode or internal combustion heat form to realize, the so-called matter that increases is to point to the process that intrasystem working medium increases new working medium; So-called new working medium mainly is meant dilatant, and so-called dilatant is meant the liquid of not participating in the combustion chemistry reaction, gas liquefaction thing, high pressure low temperature gas etc., and so-called gas liquefaction thing is meant the gas that is liquefied.
Among the present invention; So-called high-temperature area is meant that temperature reaches can make liquid swelling agent gasification or criticalization; Make degree that the gas dilatant heats up, have the thermal source in enough spaces, so-called thermal source with enough spaces is meant that thermal source reaches such degree; When dilatant expand acting be over enter said high-temperature area after, can ignore to the influence of the state of high-temperature area.
Among the present invention, among all figure, the process of arrow points PZJ is meant the discharge process of dilatant, and arrow is meant the matter process that increases from the process that PZJ points to the circulatory system, promptly in system, imports the process of dilatant.
Among the present invention,, necessary parts, unit or system are set in the place of necessity according to Machine Design and technical field of engines known technology.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is following:
The present invention can produce the hot machine of single thermal source.
Description of drawings
What Fig. 1 was extremely shown in Figure 4 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 1;
Shown in Figure 5 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 2;
Shown in Figure 6 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 3;
Shown in Figure 7 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 4;
Fig. 8 and shown in Figure 9 be the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 5;
Figure 10-the 13rd, the explanatory drawing of being advanced a theory among the present invention;
Wherein, 1 breathing process, 2 adiabatic compression processes, 3 gain of heat increase matter process, 4 adiabatic expansions acting process, 5 working medium discharge processes, 10 cylinder piston mechanisms, 11 intake valves, 12 exhaust valves, 102 impeller type adiabatic compression mechanisms, 301 high-pressure injection systems, 402 impeller types expansion acting mechanism.
Embodiment
Hot machine periodic duty method as depicted in figs. 1 and 2; Comprise breathing process 1, adiabatic compression process 2 and adiabatic expansion acting process 4; Between said adiabatic compression process 2 and said adiabatic expansion acting process 4, be provided with the gain of heat and increase matter process 3; Said adiabatic expansion acting process 4 working medium temperature at the end is equal to or less than said breathing process 1 working medium temperature at the end; Working medium temperature when just said adiabatic expansion acting process 4 working medium temperature at the end is equal to or less than said adiabatic compression process 2 beginnings, said breathing process 1-said adiabatic compression process 2-said gain of heat increases matter process 3-said adiabatic expansion acting process 4-working medium discharge process 5 and constitutes a circulation.The adiabatic index of the working medium before adiabatic index that the said gain of heat increases in the matter process 3 working medium after importing dilatant and importing dilatant is identical.The gain of heat process that the said gain of heat increases in the matter process 3 forms completion by external combustion heat form or external heat transfer.
During practical implementation; Can also make in the said gain of heat to increase the adiabatic index (as shown in Figure 3) of the adiabatic index of the working medium after importing dilatant in the matter process 3, or increase the adiabatic index (as shown in Figure 4) of the adiabatic index of the working medium after importing dilatant in the matter process 3 less than the working medium before importing dilatant in the said gain of heat greater than the working medium before importing dilatant; The gain of heat process that the said gain of heat increases in the matter process 3 is accomplished by the internal combustion heat form.
Optionally, said gain of heat process can also be realized by external heat transfer mode or internal combustion heat form.
Embodiment 2
The hot machine of single thermal source as shown in Figure 5 comprises cylinder piston mechanism 100, and the cylinder of said cylinder piston mechanism 10 is provided with suction port and relief opening, and said suction port and said relief opening are provided with corresponding with it intake valve 11 and exhaust valve 12; Also comprise high-pressure injection system 301, said high-pressure injection system 301 is arranged on the cylinder of said cylinder piston mechanism 10, is used for increasing the in-cylinder injection dilatant of matter process 3 to said cylinder piston mechanism 10 in the said gain of heat; Said intake valve 11, said exhaust valve 12 and said high-pressure injection system 301 receive process control equipment control 100.
Embodiment 3
The hot machine of single thermal source as shown in Figure 6, it is with the difference of implementing 2: the realization mechanism of said adiabatic compression process 2 is made as impeller type adiabatic compression mechanism 102, and the realization mechanism of said adiabatic expansion acting process 4 is made as impeller type expansion acting mechanism 402.
Optionally, the realization mechanism of said adiabatic expansion acting process 4 also can be made as cylinder piston type adiabatic expansion acting mechanism.
Embodiment 4
The hot machine of single thermal source as shown in Figure 7; Comprise jet pipe 1000 and high-temperature area 2000; Said jet pipe 1000 is connected with an end of support arm 1001; The other end of said support arm 1001 and pto 1002 are connected; Establish dilatant introducing port 1003 in the front portion of said jet pipe 1000, the working medium path 10 04 of said dilatant introducing port 1003 in being arranged on said support arm 1001 and said pto 1002 is communicated with dilatant source 1005, and said jet pipe 1000 is arranged in the said high-temperature area 2000; Dilatant absorbs in the front end inner chamber of said jet pipe 1000 and transmits the heat that comes by the wall of said jet pipe 1000 in the said high-temperature area 2000 and forms pressurized gas, and these pressurized gas obtain reaction thrust from the rear end ejection of said jet pipe 1000 and promote said pto 1002 and rotate external outputting power.
Like Fig. 8 and the hot machine of single thermal source shown in Figure 9; Comprise jet pipe 1000 and high-temperature area 2000; Said jet pipe 1000 is connected with an end of support arm 1001; The other end of said support arm 1001 and pto 1002 are connected, and in the wall of said jet pipe 1000, are provided with dilatant interlayer 1006, are filled with dilatant in the said dilatant interlayer 1006; The inwall of said dilatant interlayer 1006 is provided with the fluid passage that is communicated with said jet pipe 1000 front end inner chambers; Said jet pipe 1000 is arranged in the said high-temperature area 2000, and dilatant absorbs in said dilatant interlayer 1006 and transmits the heat that comes in the said high-temperature area 2000 by the interlayer outer wall and forms pressurized gas, and these pressurized gas obtain reaction thrust from the rear end ejection of said jet pipe 1000 and promote said pto 1002 and rotate external outputting power.
Obviously, the invention is not restricted to above embodiment, according to the known technology and the disclosed technological scheme of the present invention of related domain, can derive or association goes out many flexible programs, all these flexible programs also should be thought protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a hot machine periodic duty method is characterized in that: comprise that the gain of heat increases matter process (3), increase increase heat of the working medium in heat engine system and/or increase quality in the matter process (3) in the said gain of heat.
2. hot according to claim 1 machine periodic duty method; It is characterized in that: also comprise breathing process (1), adiabatic compression process (2) and adiabatic expansion acting process (4); The said gain of heat increases matter process (3) and is located between said adiabatic compression process (2) and the said adiabatic expansion acting process (4); Said adiabatic expansion acting process (4) working medium temperature at the end is equal to or less than said breathing process (1) working medium temperature at the end; Working medium temperature when just said adiabatic expansion acting process (4) working medium temperature at the end is equal to or less than said adiabatic compression process (2) beginning, said breathing process (1)-said adiabatic compression process (2)-said gain of heat increase matter process (3)-said adiabatic expansion acting process (4)-working medium discharge process (5) and constitute a circulation.
3. hot according to claim 1 machine periodic duty method is characterized in that: the adiabatic index that increases in the matter process (3) adiabatic index of the working medium after the importing dilatant working medium preceding with importing dilatant in the said gain of heat is identical.
4. hot according to claim 1 machine periodic duty method is characterized in that: increase the adiabatic index of the adiabatic index of the working medium after importing dilatant in the matter process (3) greater than the working medium before importing dilatant in the said gain of heat.
5. hot according to claim 1 machine periodic duty method is characterized in that: increase the adiabatic index of the adiabatic index of the working medium after importing dilatant in the matter process (3) less than the working medium before importing dilatant in the said gain of heat.
6. hot according to claim 1 machine periodic duty method is characterized in that: the gain of heat process that the said gain of heat increases in the matter process (3) forms completion by external combustion heat form or external heat transfer.
7. hot according to claim 1 machine periodic duty method is characterized in that: the gain of heat process that the said gain of heat increases in the matter process (3) is accomplished by the internal combustion heat form.
8. hot according to claim 1 machine periodic duty method is characterized in that: the matter process that increases that the said gain of heat increases in the matter process (3) is accomplished by high-pressure injection system (301).
9. hot according to claim 1 machine periodic duty method is characterized in that: the realization mechanism of said adiabatic compression process (2) is made as cylinder piston type adiabatic compression mechanism, or is made as impeller type adiabatic compression mechanism (102).
10. hot according to claim 1 machine periodic duty method is characterized in that: the realization mechanism of said adiabatic expansion acting process (4) is made as cylinder piston type adiabatic expansion acting mechanism, or is made as impeller type expansion acting mechanism (402).
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| CN102536339A (en) * | 2011-03-02 | 2012-07-04 | 摩尔动力(北京)技术股份有限公司 | Mass transfer power engine |
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| CN1296122A (en) * | 1999-11-10 | 2001-05-23 | 瓦特西拉Nsd施韦兹公司 | Method for operating four-stroke internal combustion engine |
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| CN1461377A (en) * | 2001-04-06 | 2003-12-10 | 三菱重工业株式会社 | Method of operating internal combustion engine injected with critical water |
| CN2761856Y (en) * | 2005-02-05 | 2006-03-01 | 訾剑华 | Cylinder water jet pump increasing internal combustion engine |
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