CN102619684A - Fault diagnosis method and system - Google Patents
Fault diagnosis method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN102619684A CN102619684A CN2011100341159A CN201110034115A CN102619684A CN 102619684 A CN102619684 A CN 102619684A CN 2011100341159 A CN2011100341159 A CN 2011100341159A CN 201110034115 A CN201110034115 A CN 201110034115A CN 102619684 A CN102619684 A CN 102619684A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fault diagnosis method and system which are used for solving the problems that equipment is started and stopped frequently in the prior art and the like. The fault diagnosis method comprises the following steps of: acquiring redundant measurement data; processing the redundant measurement data and performing fault diagnosis; triggering a fault program and running a restarting program; and setting a threshold value and a restarting hysteresis value during fault diagnosis. According to the method, a fan cannot be started normally after failing until an actually measured value of a part to be measured does not trigger the threshold value added with the restarting hysteresis value, so that the equipment safety is guaranteed, and a phenomenon that the fan is frequently started and stopped because of the same fault is avoided; when a key value of a wind driven power generator set is measured, unnecessary fault alarm can be well avoided by adopting a redundancy technology, so that manmade mistakes are avoided, alarm halt caused by hardware fault of a measurement sensor is reduced, the accuracy of a measured value is improved, and the wind driven power generator set has relatively high performance under a severe condition.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fault diagnosis technology, relate in particular to a kind of method for diagnosing faults and system that is used for the wind power generating set redundant measurement.
Background technique
The fault diagnosis of wind power generating set is the important component part of its electric control system; Automatical control system comes the state of various peripheral unit, Interface Module and software program in the supervisory system through fault diagnosis, thereby the running state of controlled system can provide alarm automatically like abnormal conditions; Hardware device in the protection control system; Thereby guaranteed the working life of key components and parts,, be convenient to related commissioning and maintenance for operator provide fault prompting easily; At present, be directed against the measurement of wind power generating set critical quantity in the industry and also do not adopt redundancy widely, only be to use single-sensor to form measuring system critical quantity is measured; What existing scheme fault diagnosis technology mainly adopted is the mode of scan round major error flag bit array; This mode is meant in software program; The generation of all faults of unit electric control system is all with fault flag of triggering of correspondence; With these flag bit unified Definition is a major error sign array; The each program cycle of PLC controller is through this array of scanning, flag bit position that obtains being triggered in the array and corresponding failure code, and preserve it and be sent to the operation screen and upper-position unit shows.When operator resetted to fault through operation screen and upper-position unit, exception handles was called, and this moment, system carried out reset operation, and the zero clearing that major error flag bit array is carried out by turn resets.
Such scheme mainly contains following shortcoming:
1) aspect the measurement of blower fan critical quantity, existing scheme is not also used redundancy on a large scale, and causes system possibly cause disorderly closedown because of the fault of sensor or measurement error, has reduced the average Mean time to failure of blower fan.
2) each fault treatment all is through the fault position is resetted; Be not adjusted to the time of normal state, can cause the fault rear fan that resets to start very soon like this to corresponding apparatus, but because another disorderly closedown of identical mistake; Frequent like this start and stop meeting increase equipment and the wearing and tearing of parts to a great extent; Reduce its working life, thereby reduce the working life and average Mean time to failure of blower fan, the benefit of fan has been brought very big influence.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of method for diagnosing faults and system, in order to solve defective of the prior art, realizes reducing the disorderly closedown frequency, prolongation service life of equipment and the Mean time to failure because of measurement error causes.
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of method for diagnosing faults, comprising:
Step 21 is judged the said number of sensors that is arranged on single measuring point;
Step 22 then reads survey data and gets into said data processor if said sensor is one; This data processor judges whether this survey data satisfies setting range; Be to obtain measured value and get into the fault judgement program; , do not send failure alarm signal;
Step 23 then reads survey data respectively and gets into said data processor if sensor is two; Judge said survey data whether in setting range separately and difference whether in setting range;
Step 24 if having one in setting range in two said survey data, is that measured value gets into said fault judgement program and sends the measurement failure alarm signal of sensor of another survey data of output with this survey data then; If all in setting range separately, then the mean value with two said survey data is that measured value gets into the fault judgement program for two said survey data; If two said survey data all not in setting range or the difference of two said survey data not in setting range, then send the measurement failure alarm signal of two said sensors;
Whether step 4, the measured value that whether satisfies the limit value corresponding with said fault word and this input according to the measured value of last time input satisfy the corresponding limit value of said fault word and restart stagnant ring value sum and judge whether to trigger said malfunction routine and entering reset routine;
Step 41 judges whether last measured value has triggered this fault word;
Step 42 if this fault word is not triggered, judges then whether this measured value satisfies the corresponding limit value of this fault word; Satisfied then trigger this fault word, do not satisfy then getting into program cycle;
Step 43 if this fault word is triggered, judges then whether this measured value satisfies the corresponding limit value of this fault word and restart the ring value sum that stagnates; Satisfied then lock said reset routine; Carry out reset routine this fault word in the said major error program is resetted if do not satisfy then receiving reset operation instruction back, and after receiving restart command, carry out and restart the program start blower fan.
A kind of fault diagnosis system comprises at least two sensors and the PLC controller that is connected with said sensor through data acquisition channel respectively, and the corresponding measuring point setting of per two said sensors is characterized in that described PLC controller comprises:
Trouble unit is used for showing tracing trouble according to the fault word that the fault judgement unit triggers is arranged in this trouble unit;
Reset unit is connected with restart unit with said trouble unit, is used for the judged result action according to said fault judgement unit;
Said restart unit is used for carrying out restart command according to the action of said reset unit;
Data processing unit connects said data acquisition channel and fault judgement unit, is used for that the survey data of said data acquisition channel collection is handled the measured value that obtains and inputs to said fault judgement unit;
Said fault judgement unit; Be connected with said trouble unit, be used for whether triggering of the action of the measured value of this fault word and this input with limit value with the comparative result judgement reset unit of restarting the ring value sum that stagnates of this fault word correspondence according to the measured value that the last time is imported.
Wherein, said trouble unit comprises major error unit and function module, and said function module connects said fault judgement unit and said major error unit; Said function module is provided with the input end that is used to import said fault word, and said major error unit is provided with the display modular that is used to show the said fault word that is triggered.
Further, said data processing unit comprises:
Reading unit is connected with said data acquisition channel, is used to read the survey data of said sensor;
Judging unit is connected with said reading unit, is used to judge that said survey data is whether in the setting range of said sensor;
Output unit is connected with judging unit with said fault judgement unit, is used for judged result outputting measurement value to the said fault judgement unit according to judging unit;
Alarm unit is connected with said judging unit, is used for sending alarm signal according to the judged result of said judging unit.
Method for diagnosing faults provided by the invention and system; In the measurement of wind power generating set critical quantity, use redundancy can finely evade unnecessary malfunction alarm; Avoiding the people is misoperation; For example the use redundancy both can reduce the warning shutdown that is caused by the measuring transducer hardware fault in the variable of all temps, pressure and liquid level detects; Can improve the degree of accuracy of measured value again; Make the wind-force unit can under abominable situation, also give play to preferable performance, redundancy detection and fault diagnosis and in wind power generating set be applied as wind power generating set in real time, accurately control provides sound assurance, in the fault judgement program, in the corresponding limit value of fault word, add and restart the ring value that stagnates and judge; Restart the ring value that stagnates if the last time, this fault (as: generator drive side shaft temperature is too high) warning did not take place inoperative; Stagnant ring value is restarted in adding when the fan starting fault judgement if the last time has been triggered this fault, that is: (T2＜T1), blower fan wants the necessary generator drive side shaft temperature drop of waiting for of normal startup to T2 like this to make the high limit of generator drive side shaft temperature become T2; So both guaranteed the Security of equipment, and also avoided blower fan because of identical fault frequent start-stop.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is method for diagnosing faults embodiment's of the present invention flowage structure block diagram.
Fig. 2 is fault diagnosis system embodiment's of the present invention structural representation.
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of data processor in the method for diagnosing faults of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of fault judgement program in the method for diagnosing faults of the present invention.
Reference character:
The 10-sensor; The 20-data acquisition channel; The 30-data processing unit;
40-fault judgement unit; The 50-trouble unit; The 60-reset unit;
The 70-restart unit.
Embodiment
For the purpose, technological scheme and the advantage that make the embodiment of the invention clearer; To combine the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the invention below; Technological scheme in the embodiment of the invention is carried out clear, intactly description; Obviously, described embodiment is the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment among the present invention, those of ordinary skills are not making the every other embodiment who is obtained under the creative work prerequisite, all belong to the scope of the present invention's protection.
Be illustrated in figure 1 as method for diagnosing faults flow chart of the present invention, the present invention provides a kind of redundant measurement method for diagnosing faults, and step 1 is established sensor in the measuring point, the survey data of gathering this sensor at interval;
If this survey data then gets measured value also with this measured value input fault determining program in said sensor settings scope; If then do not sending the measurement alarm signal;
Whether step 4, the measured value that whether satisfies the limit value corresponding with said fault word and this input according to the measured value of last time input satisfy the corresponding limit value of said fault word and restart stagnant ring value sum and judge whether to trigger said malfunction routine and entering reset routine.
Be illustrated in figure 2 as the fault diagnosis system structural representation; Comprise the peripheral unit and the PLC controller that are used for survey data; Peripheral unit comprises at least two sensors 10; Wherein per two sensors 10 corresponding measuring points (being environment, cabin cabinet, generator and gear-box among Fig. 2) are provided with; Sensor 10 is connected with the PLC controller through data acquisition channel 20 respectively, and the PLC controller comprises data processing unit 30, fault judgement unit 40, trouble unit 50, reset unit 60 and restart unit 70.
Trouble unit 50 is used for triggering the fault word that is arranged in this trouble unit 50 according to fault judgement unit 40 and shows tracing trouble; Comprise major error unit and function module, function module connects fault judgement unit and major error unit; Function module is provided with the input end that is used for the input fault word, and the major error unit is provided with the display modular that is used to show the fault word that is triggered; The function module here can be classified according to peripheral unit also can be according to the control functional classification; At this it is classified according to peripheral unit; For example: gearbox module, generator module etc.; These modules are respectively equipped with the fault word of oneself, through gathering survey data to carry out fault judgement, when breaking down, trigger fault word while this fault word of demonstration in display modular of function module at set intervals; Only the fault word of major error unit is carried out reset operation during fault treatment, the operation of the fault word of function module oneself only comes decision in real time by the feedback of peripheral unit.
Reset unit 60 is connected with restart unit 70 with trouble unit 50, is used for the judged result action according to fault judgement unit 40.
Restart unit 70 is used for carrying out restart command according to the action of reset unit 60.
Data processing unit 30 connects data acquisition channel 20 and fault judgement unit 40, is used for that the survey data in sensor 10 setting ranges that data acquisition channel 20 is gathered is handled the measured value that obtains and inputs to the fault judgement unit; The survey data of gathering through data acquisition channel 20 is then sent the measurement failure alarm signal not in sensor 10 setting ranges the time; Comprise reading unit, be connected, be used for the survey data of read sensor 10 with data acquisition channel 20; Judging unit is connected with reading unit, is used to judge that survey data is whether in the setting range of sensor 10; Output unit is connected with judging unit with fault judgement unit 40, is used for judged result outputting measurement value according to judging unit to fault judgement unit 40; Alarm unit is connected with judging unit, is used for sending alarm signal according to the judged result of judging unit.
Fault judgement unit 40; Be connected with trouble unit 50, be used for whether triggering of the action of the measured value of this fault word and this input with limit value with the comparative result judgement reset unit 60 of restarting the ring value sum that stagnates of this fault word correspondence according to the measured value that the last time is imported.
Specify the practical implementation process of the method for diagnosing faults shown in Fig. 1 below in conjunction with fault diagnosis system structure shown in Figure 2, data processor flow chart shown in Figure 3, fault judgement program flow diagram shown in Figure 4.
Sensor 10 in the present embodiment all adopts temperature transducer, and temperature transducer (is ambient temperature I, ambient temperature II with the survey data of gathering here; Cabin cabinet temperature I, cabin cabinet temperature II; Generator axle temperature I, generator axle temperature II; Gear case oil temperature I, gear case oil temperature II) to handle the back through data processor and import and be located at the fault judgement program in the PLC controller, data processor is as shown in Figure 3 to be example with a measuring point, at first judges the number of sensors of single measuring point; If sensor is a survey data that then reads data acquisition channel 20 through reading unit, through this measured data values of judgment unit judges whether in the setting range at this sensor; Be to be delivered to fault judgement unit 40 through output unit with this survey data position measured value; , do not send the measurement failure alarm signal through alarm unit;
If sensor is two and then reads its data measured I and data I I through reading unit respectively through data acquisition channel; Whether judgment unit judges data I, data I I be all in the setting range of sensor separately; Be; Whether the difference of judgment data I and data I I is that measured value is delivered to fault judgement unit 40 through output unit at the mean value of then fetch data I and data I I in setting range; If data I is not in setting range, data I I is in setting range, and the II that fetches data is that measured value is delivered to fault judgement unit 40 through output unit, and sends the measurement failure alarm signal of the sensor of image data I through alarm unit; Data I is in setting range, and data I I is scope in setting range not, and the I that fetches data is that measured value is delivered to fault judgement unit 40 through output unit, and sends the measurement failure alarm signal of the sensor of image data II through alarm unit; Data I and data I I then send two sensors through alarm unit and measure failure alarm signal all not at zone of reasonableness.
Though the two cover hardware measuring equipments that the measurement of each key position is all adopted; But can select to use any complete equipment to measure as required; The selection of measuring equipment can be operated through the control panel of operation screen and upper-position unit, calls the unified data processor after the data capture and carries out data screening and processing.Each measuring transducer all has the correct scope (being setting range) of measured value; If have only a measured data values to be in correct scope, then this measured data values is a measured value, and provides the warning that there is the measurement fault in another sensor; This warning is not shut down, and only serves as warning; If two said measured data values all are in correct scope, also need judge its difference whether in correct scope, if be measured value, if then do not providing corresponding malfunction alarm at the mean value of two said measured data values then; All use two complete equipments that the measuring point is measured under the normal condition; Data processor carries out examination according to the different measured values to every suit equipment of its sensor type and setting, and the examination scope comprises: its measured value whether in setting range, whether two groups of measured value differences in setting range; If measured value not in setting range, then can provide malfunction alarm and relevant information, can normal device be used in problematic device shutdown if confirm the measuring equipment existing problems, if all fault then needs more exchange device; If measured value is in setting range, the mean value of then getting two groups of measured values is used for sequential operation.
In environment module, establish fault word T10; In the module of cabin, establish fault word T20; In generator module, establish fault word T30; In gearbox module, establish fault word T40; Triggering with fault word T30 is the concrete course of action that example is introduced fault judgement unit 40; Suppose generator axle temperature I, generator axle temperature II among the generator axle temperature I, generator axle temperature II through two 10 first round of sensor image data that are located at the generator measurement position all in the setting range of sensor 10 simultaneously the difference of generator axle temperature I and generator axle temperature II also in setting range; Then behind data processor, to obtain measured value be the mean value of generator axle temperature I and generator axle temperature II and be delivered in the fault judgement unit 40; Judge at first whether the last time trigger fault word T30; Because of therefore first round image data does not trigger fault word T30; Judge whether this measured value satisfies the limit value T3 corresponding according to fault word T30, then triggers the fault word T30 in the trouble unit 50 if satisfy, and in the display modular of major error unit, shows fault word T30; Shutdown is to being carried out fault treatment by diagnostic device; The intact back of fault treatment is through the manual operation reset routine, and the fault judgement program was judged and then carried out reset routine with the removing that resets of the fault word T30 in the major error unit display modular this moment, is located at the interior fault word T30 of the generator module removing that then can not be reset; Send restart command through manual operation to restart unit 70, restart unit 70 is carried out this order and is restarted blower fan; When second takes turns through 10 pairs of generator axle temperatures of sensor image data, suppose generator axle temperature I in sensor 10 setting ranges, be generator axle temperature I behind data processor, obtaining measured value; I transfers to fault judgement unit 40 with the generator axle temperature; When scanning this fault judgement program again, next program cycle judges at first whether last fault word T30 is triggered, because of the first opinion image data has triggered fault word T30, therefore; Judge that whether this measured value generator axle temperature I satisfies that (the T3 ' here is negative deviation with restarting the ring value T3 ' sum that stagnates according to the corresponding limit value T3 of fault word T30; Therefore, (T3+T3 ')＜T3, restart the ring value that stagnates and also can be set to overgauge; According to concrete parameter setting), this limit value equals former limit value and adds and restart the ring value that stagnates; If satisfy, then shut down and can trigger this fault word immediately again after resetting in fault treatment, the removing that can't reset of this fault word, so blower fan can't start at once; If do not satisfy, carry out reset routine and then through restarting the program start; Like this, blower fan must wait for that the generator shaft temperature drop is low to moderate below (T3+T3 ') wanting normal the startup behind the disorderly closedown, has avoided the frequent start-stop that causes because of same fault in the existing technology, has ensured the Security of equipment.
For fear of the frequent start-stop that the blower fan failover resets and brings, in fault judgement, added the control of stagnant ring, both can be that blower fan safely and steadily runs, frequent start and stop when having avoided again breaking down.When the failure definition Rule of judgment, add a delay component for each Rule of judgment.For example: fan trouble was shut down when generator drive side shaft temperature was higher than T1, if do not add delay component as existing program, opened machine after blower fan resets, and very fast generator drive side shaft temperature can be higher than T1 again and cause shutdown again.Concrete operation method: in the fault judgement limit value, add the ring value that stagnates; If the last time, this fault (as: generator drive side shaft temperature is too high) warning did not take place then the ring value that stagnates is inoperative;, when the fan starting fault judgement, adds the last time ring value that stagnates if having triggered this fault; That is: (T2＜T1), blower fan wants the necessary generator drive side shaft temperature drop of waiting for of normal startup to T2 like this to make the high limit of generator drive side shaft temperature become T2.So both guaranteed the Security of equipment, and also avoided blower fan because of identical fault frequent start-stop.
What should explain at last is: above embodiment is only in order to explaining technological scheme of the present invention, but not to its restriction; Although with reference to previous embodiment the present invention has been carried out detailed explanation, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: it still can be made amendment to the technological scheme that aforementioned each embodiment put down in writing, and perhaps part technical characteristics wherein is equal to replacement; And these are revised or replacement, do not make the spirit and the scope of the essence disengaging various embodiments of the present invention technological scheme of relevant art scheme.
Claims (7)
1. a method for diagnosing faults is characterized in that, comprising:
Step 1 is all established at least one sensor in each measuring point, the survey data of said sensor is carried out the interval respectively gather;
Step 2 judges that through data processor this survey data is whether in said sensor settings scope with the survey data of above-mentioned collection; If then getting measured value also with this measured value input fault determining program; If then do not sending the measurement alarm signal;
Step 3, input fault word in malfunction routine;
Whether step 4, the measured value that whether satisfies the limit value corresponding with said fault word and this input according to the measured value of last time input satisfy the corresponding limit value of said fault word and restart stagnant ring value sum and judge whether to trigger said malfunction routine and entering reset routine.
2. method for diagnosing faults according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said step 2 comprises:
Step 21 is judged the said number of sensors that is arranged on single measuring point;
Step 22 then reads survey data and gets into said data processor if said sensor is one; This data processor judges whether this survey data satisfies setting range; Be to obtain measured value and get into the fault judgement program; , do not send failure alarm signal;
Step 23 then reads survey data respectively and gets into said data processor if sensor is two; Judge said survey data whether in setting range separately and difference whether in setting range;
Step 24 if having one in setting range in two said survey data, is that measured value gets into said fault judgement program and sends the measurement failure alarm signal of sensor of another survey data of output with this survey data then; If two said survey data all in setting range separately and the difference of two said survey data also in setting range, then the mean value with two said survey data is that measured value gets into the fault judgement program; If the difference of two said survey data not in setting range or two said survey data all not in setting range, then send the measurement failure alarm signal of two said sensors.
3. method for diagnosing faults according to claim 2; It is characterized in that; In the step 3; Said malfunction routine comprises the modular program that major error program and corresponding said measuring point are provided with, difference input fault word in said modular program, and the major error program is obtained said fault word respectively from said modular program.
4. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described method for diagnosing faults, it is characterized in that said step 4 comprises:
Step 41 judges whether last measured value has triggered this fault word;
Step 42 if this fault word is not triggered, judges then whether this measured value satisfies the corresponding limit value of this fault word; Satisfied then trigger this fault word, do not satisfy then getting into program cycle;
Step 43 if this fault word is triggered, judges then whether this measured value satisfies the corresponding limit value of this fault word and restart the ring value sum that stagnates; Satisfied then lock said reset routine; Carry out reset routine this fault word in the said major error program is resetted if do not satisfy then receiving reset operation instruction back, and after receiving restart command, carry out and restart the program start blower fan.
5. a fault diagnosis system comprises at least two sensors and the PLC controller that is connected with said sensor through data acquisition channel respectively, and the corresponding measuring point setting of per two said sensors is characterized in that described PLC controller comprises:
Trouble unit is used for showing tracing trouble according to the fault word that the fault judgement unit triggers is arranged in this trouble unit;
Reset unit is connected with restart unit with said trouble unit, is used for the judged result action according to said fault judgement unit;
Said restart unit is used for carrying out restart command according to the action of said reset unit;
Data processing unit connects said data acquisition channel and fault judgement unit, is used for that the survey data of said data acquisition channel collection is handled the measured value that obtains and inputs to said fault judgement unit;
Said fault judgement unit; Be connected with said trouble unit, be used for whether triggering of the action of the measured value of this fault word and this input with limit value with the comparative result judgement reset unit of restarting the ring value sum that stagnates of this fault word correspondence according to the measured value that the last time is imported.
6. fault diagnosis system according to claim 5 is characterized in that said trouble unit comprises major error unit and function module, and said function module connects said fault judgement unit and said major error unit; Said function module is provided with the input end that is used to import said fault word, and said major error unit is provided with the display modular that is used to show the said fault word that is triggered.
7. fault diagnosis system according to claim 6 is characterized in that, said data processing unit comprises:
Reading unit is connected with said data acquisition channel, is used to read the survey data of said sensor;
Judging unit is connected with said reading unit, is used to judge that said survey data is whether in the setting range of said sensor;
Output unit is connected with judging unit with said fault judgement unit, is used for judged result outputting measurement value to the said fault judgement unit according to judging unit;
Alarm unit is connected with said judging unit, is used for sending alarm signal according to the judged result of said judging unit.
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