CN102619616A

CN102619616A - Turbine supercharger

Info

Publication number: CN102619616A
Application number: CN2011100333595A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 梁天宇
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2011-01-30
Filing date: 2011-01-30
Publication date: 2012-08-01

Abstract

A closed culvert double-turbine supercharger integrates a big turbine and a small turbine. When an engine is at low speed, air flow only flows through an inner culvert. A gap of a nozzle ring of the inner culvert is small, air has high flow speed, and the turbine is guaranteed to have high flow speed so as to provide more compacted air for the engine. When the engine is at high speed, an outer culvert is opened, opening degree of a nozzle ring of the outer culvert is gradually increased along with increase of rotary speed of the engine, more air flows out through the outer culvert, the turbine supercharger is guaranteed to have high enough power and low enough air exhaust resistance. Closed culverts solve a problem of blade top air leakage, can improve power of the turbine supercharger, and reduces process difficulty of the turbines. When the engine is at low speed, water is injected to an air exhaust pipe of the engine, and water is vaporized and expanded to increase pressure of air inlet flow for the turbines to increase the power of the turbine supercharger during low speed, more compacted air is provided for the engine when the engine is at low speed, and high power can be output when the engine is at low speed.

Description

A kind of turbosupercharger

Technical field

The present invention is a kind of closed duct formula bi-turbo; It is characterized in that on the turbine of turbo machine and compressor impeller, having increased honeycomb duct; Honeycomb duct gets up to form closed duct with the impeller complete closed, and blade is divided into several closed little ducts with closed duct again, and closed duct has solved the leaf top and leaked a difficult problem; On the turbine of turbo machine, be provided with the twice honeycomb duct; The turbine of turbo machine is separated into closed main duct and by-pass air duct, and main duct is made up of interior honeycomb duct and impeller guide way, and by-pass air duct is made up of inside and outside honeycomb duct; Gas stream guarantees that through main duct turbine has sufficiently high rotating speed during low engine speed, and gas stream guarantees turbosupercharger high-output power and low exhaust resistance through inside and outside duct during high engine speeds.

Existing technology

Self can not form the water conservancy diversion duct turbine wheel of current turbosupercharger and compressor impeller; Need cooperate with turbine shroud and form the water conservancy diversion duct; Owing to have the gap between leaf top and the turbine shroud, leak on the leaf top is inevitably, is vital so how to improve the turbine sealing to the performance that improves turbosupercharger; Common solution is the gap that reduces blade and housing now; The gap generally about 0.06mm, should guarantee that so little gap can not come in contact again, and is very high to the machining accuracy of part material and part; And expand with heat and contract with cold to the also necessary consideration of the influence in gap, so the sealing of turbine is very scabrous.Power during for the slow-speed of revolution that improves motor; General way is to adopt bi-turbo, and a big turbosupercharger is mated a little turbosupercharger more exactly, and little turbosupercharger just gets involved when low engine speed; Big turbosupercharger gets involved again when high engine speeds; So just can take into account low engine speed, at a high speed can both output high-power, but bi-turbo can increase cost inevitably, takies more space; The turbocharger lubricating oil sealing also is a difficult problem in addition, and the problem of oil leak can take place after use a period of time.

Goal of the invention

Closed duct formula bi-turbo of the present invention combines big turbine and little turbine; The air-flow main duct of only flowing through during low engine speed, the less gas in main duct nozzle ring slit has very high flow velocity to guarantee that turbo machine has very high rotating speed more pressurized air to be provided for motor, and by-pass air duct is opened when the middle and high speed of motor; And along with the aperture of the raising by-pass air duct nozzle ring of engine speed strengthens gradually; Have more gas to flow out through by-pass air duct, guarantee that turbosupercharger has sufficiently high power and low exhaust resistance, the closed type duct has been eliminated leaf top gas leakage problem can improve turbo power; Reduce the turbine difficulty of processing; When low engine speed, toward the engine exhaust pipe water spray, the power of turbosupercharger when the pressure of water vapor expansion increase turbo machine charge air flow can improve low speed; Be that motor provides more pressurized air when low engine speed, make low engine speed that high power output arranged.A bi-turbo can substitute small one and large one two turbosupercharger, and cost can be lower, takies littler space; Be convenient to air inlet-outlet pipe and arrange, respectively designed a disc, several small blades are arranged on the disc side end face in the both sides of spindle of turbine pressure booster; Disc is with main axis rotation; Through action of centrifugal force lubricant oil is thrown away, lubricant oil can not leak, a part of axial force because the interior gas pressure of closed duct can be cancelled out each other; Make the axial force of spindle of turbine pressure booster obviously to diminish, can alleviate the life-span to the burden of thrust-bearing can improve.

Summary of the invention

The closed duct formula of the present invention bi-turbo; It is characterized in that by compressor housings (1), compressor impeller (2), end cap (3), disc (4), thrust-bearing (5), floating bearing (6), disc (7); End cap (8), intermediate (9), interior air outlet flue (10), main duct nozzle ring (11), outer air outlet flue (12), by-pass air duct nozzle ring (13), turbine cylinder (14), final controlling element (15), turbine (16), outlet pipe (17), water spout (18), outer honeycomb duct (19), interior honeycomb duct (20), turbine guide way (21), main shaft (22), compressor impeller guide way (23), compressor impeller honeycomb duct (24) are formed, and turbine (16) and compressor impeller (1) (seeing accompanying drawing 2) have been assembled in the two ends of main shaft (22), on turbine (16), have interior honeycomb duct (20) and outside honeycomb duct (19); Interior honeycomb duct (20) and outer honeycomb duct (19) are an integral body of integral cast with the blade and the turbine guide way (21) of turbine; Form main duct by turbine guide way (21) and interior honeycomb duct (20), form by-pass air duct by interior honeycomb duct (20) and outer honeycomb duct (19), the flabellum of turbine (16) is separated into a plurality of little ducts with provided with internal duct and external duct again; Compressor impeller honeycomb duct (24) is arranged on the compressor impeller (2); Form closed duct by compressor impeller honeycomb duct (24) and compressor impeller guide way (23), the flabellum of compressor impeller (2) is separated into a plurality of little ducts with duct, and main shaft (22) is assemblied on the intermediate (9); Be slidingly connected through two floating bearings (6) and intermediate (9); Thrust-bearing (5) is assemblied on the main shaft (22), has step limits thrust-bearing (5) moving axially on the main shaft (22), and there are disc (4) and disc (7) in the both sides of main shaft; Disc is assemblied in main shaft (22) and upward rotates with main shaft; The outer side surface that end cap (3), end cap (8) are assemblied in disc has micro-gap each other, near a side of side end cap a plurality of small flabellums (25) (seeing accompanying drawing 3) is arranged at disc, and the disc high-speed rotation radially throws away lubricant oil; Lubricant oil can not leaked; End cap (3) (8) has the seal ring sealing with intermediate (9), and compressor housings (1) is assemblied on the intermediate (9), and turbine cylinder (14) is assemblied in last and intermediate (9) the formation outer air outlet flue (12) of intermediate (9); Intermediate (9) is gone up air outlet flue (10) in the band; Fixing main duct nozzle ring (11) is arranged on the interior air outlet flue (10), on turbine cylinder (14), be equipped with by-pass air duct nozzle ring (13), by-pass air duct nozzle ring (13) has guide rod to be connected with final controlling element (15); Final controlling element (15) control by-pass air duct nozzle ring (13) moves the aperture of control by-pass air duct nozzle ring (13); Minimum aperture is zero outer air outlet flue (12) closure fully that is about to, and on outlet pipe (17), is equipped with water spout (18), and water spout (18) is toward the interior water spray of outlet pipe (17).

Description of drawings:

Accompanying drawing 1 is the structure principle chart of closed duct formula bi-turbo.

Accompanying drawing 2 is the structural drawing of closed duct formula impeller.

Accompanying drawing 3 is the structural drawing of disc.

Implementation methods:

During low engine speed, engine controller sends the instruction water spout and in outlet pipe, sprays water, and the by-pass air duct nozzle ring is closed; Engine exhaust and water vapor all get into inside exhaust pipe, all flow through from main duct again, make secondary speed higher for turbine provides the air-flow of bigger flow velocity; The rotating speed that drives compressor impeller is higher, can more air be provided for motor, improves with engine speed; Injection flow rate reduces up to stopping water spray gradually, and along with engine speed improves, by-pass air duct nozzle ring aperture strengthens gradually; Waste gas and water vapour flow through from main duct and carry out the transition to inside and outside duct gradually and flow through, and along with the increasing of by-pass air duct nozzle ring aperture, the tolerance that flows through by-pass air duct strengthens gradually; It is that compressor impeller provides more power that the by-pass air duct impeller becomes the main force gradually; After motor reached high rotating speed, the by-pass air duct nozzle ring was all opened, and more gas releases from by-pass air duct and reduces exhaust resistance.

Increase honeycomb duct on turbine and the compressor impeller and formed the closed type duct; Can not produce leaf top leakage problem; The inwall of honeycomb duct maximum diameter place and compressor housings and turbine cylinder keeps minimum gap, and the big young pathbreaker of this gap directly influences the efficient of turbosupercharger.

Disc does not have the gap with main shaft and is fixedly connected; Lubricant oil can only be from the clearance leakage between disc and the end cap to the outside; Because the disc high speed rotating, the lubricant oil that penetrates in disc and the end cover clearance can produce powerful centrifugal force with disc flabellum high-speed rotation, and lubricant oil radially throws away the most at last; Again get back to again in the intermediate, guarantee that lubricant oil can not leak.

Claims

1. closed duct formula bi-turbo; It is characterized in that by compressor housings (1), compressor impeller (2), end cap (3), disc (4), thrust-bearing (5), floating bearing (6), disc (7) end cap (8), intermediate (9), interior air outlet flue (10), main duct nozzle ring (11), outer air outlet flue (12), by-pass air duct nozzle ring (13), turbine cylinder (14), final controlling element (15), turbine (16), outlet pipe (17), water spout (18), outer honeycomb duct (19), interior honeycomb duct (20), turbine guide way (21), main shaft (22), compressor impeller guide way (23), compressor impeller honeycomb duct (24) are formed, turbine (16) and compressor impeller (1) have been assembled in the two ends of main shaft (22); On turbine (16), have interior honeycomb duct (20) and outside honeycomb duct (19); Form main duct by turbine guide way (21) and interior honeycomb duct (20), form by-pass air duct by interior honeycomb duct (20) and outer honeycomb duct (19), the flabellum of turbine (16) is separated into a plurality of little ducts with provided with internal duct and external duct again; Compressor impeller honeycomb duct (24) is arranged on the compressor impeller (2); Form closed duct by compressor impeller honeycomb duct (24) and compressor impeller guide way (23), the flabellum of compressor impeller (2) is separated into a plurality of little ducts with duct, and main shaft (22) is assemblied on the intermediate (9); Be slidingly connected through two floating bearings (6) and intermediate (9); Thrust-bearing (5) is assemblied on the main shaft (22), has step limits thrust-bearing (5) moving axially on the main shaft (22), and there are disc (4) and disc (7) in the both sides of main shaft; Disc is assemblied in main shaft (22) and upward rotates with main shaft; End cap (3), end cap (8) are assemblied in the outside of disc, and micro-gap is arranged each other, near a side of end cap a plurality of small flabellums (25) are arranged at disc; The disc high-speed rotation radially throws away lubricant oil; Lubricant oil can not leaked, and end cap (3) (8) has the seal ring sealing with intermediate (9), and compressor housings (1) is assemblied on the intermediate (9); Turbine cylinder (14) is assemblied in last and intermediate (9) the formation outer air outlet flue (12) of intermediate (9); Intermediate (9) is gone up air outlet flue (10) in the band, and fixing main duct nozzle ring (11) is arranged on the interior air outlet flue (10), on turbine cylinder (14), is equipped with by-pass air duct nozzle ring (13); By-pass air duct nozzle ring (13) has guide rod to be connected with final controlling element (15); Final controlling element (15) control by-pass air duct nozzle ring (13) moves the aperture of control by-pass air duct nozzle ring (13), on outlet pipe (17), is equipped with water spout (18), and water spout (18) is toward the interior water spray of outlet pipe (17).

2. closed duct formula bi-turbo as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that on turbine (16), having interior honeycomb duct (20) and outside honeycomb duct (19); Form main duct by turbine guide way (21) and interior honeycomb duct (20); Form by-pass air duct by interior honeycomb duct (20) and outer honeycomb duct (19), the flabellum of turbine (16) is separated into a plurality of little ducts with provided with internal duct and external duct again, and compressor impeller honeycomb duct (24) is arranged on the compressor impeller (2); Form closed duct by compressor impeller honeycomb duct (24) and compressor impeller guide way (23), the flabellum of compressor impeller (2) is separated into a plurality of little ducts with duct.

3. closed duct formula bi-turbo as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that there are disc (4) and disc (7) in two end cap inboards; Disc is assemblied in main shaft (22) and upward rotates with main shaft; End cap (3), end cap (8) are assemblied in the outside of disc, near a side of end cap a plurality of small flabellums (25) are arranged at disc, and disc radially throws away lubricant oil with main shaft (22) high-speed rotation.

4. closed duct formula bi-turbo as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that turbine cylinder (14) and intermediate (9) form outer air outlet flue (12); Intermediate (9) is gone up air outlet flue (10) in the band; Fixing main duct nozzle ring (11) is arranged on the interior air outlet flue (10), on turbine cylinder (14), be equipped with movably by-pass air duct nozzle ring (13), by-pass air duct nozzle ring (13) has guide rod to be connected with final controlling element (15); Final controlling element (15) control by-pass air duct nozzle ring moves, and controls the aperture of by-pass air duct nozzle ring.

5. closed duct formula bi-turbo as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that on outlet pipe (17), being equipped with water spout (18), and water spout (18) is sprayed water in outlet pipe (17).