CN102618726B - Treatment method for detoxifying and recycling chromium slag - Google Patents

Treatment method for detoxifying and recycling chromium slag Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102618726B
CN102618726B CN2012100710904A CN201210071090A CN102618726B CN 102618726 B CN102618726 B CN 102618726B CN 2012100710904 A CN2012100710904 A CN 2012100710904A CN 201210071090 A CN201210071090 A CN 201210071090A CN 102618726 B CN102618726 B CN 102618726B
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leaching
chromium
pond
extraction
liquid
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CN102618726A (en
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宋乐山
郑碧锦
陈�胜
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Wuhan Weichuan Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
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WUHAN WEICHUAN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20Recycling

Abstract

The invention relates to a treatment method for detoxifying chromium-containing (VI) waste slag and recycling chromium (VI). The treatment method for detoxifying and recycling the chromium slag is characterized by comprising the following steps of: 1) sampling and analyzing content, acidity and particle diameter of main components in the chromium-containing waste slag; 2) establishing 3 to 6 leaching tanks; 3) piling the chromium-containing waste slag with the particle diameter of less than or equal to 20 meshes in the leaching tanks; 4) preparing 0.01 to 1 weight percent dilute acid; 5) spraying the dilute acid to the chromium-containing waste slag in the No. 1 leaching tank through a spray pipe, spraying the leachate in the No. 1 leaching tank to the No. 2 leaching tank, spraying the leachate in the No. 2 leaching tank to the No. 3 leaching tank, and so on, collecting the leachate in the last leaching tank, and entering the next procedure; and 6), regulating the pH of the collected leachate to 1.5-2 by using 10 weight percent dilute sulfuric acid, filtering, performing countercurrent multistage extraction-back extraction concentration, and thus obtaining 20 to 30 weight percent chromium-containing concentrate. The method is low in cost and environment-friendly, and can be used for recovering chromium.

Description

The treatment process that chromium residue detoxifying is recycled
Technical field
The invention belongs to the environmental pollution improvement field, be specifically related to the treatment process of the recycling of a kind of detoxifcation that contains chromium (VI) waste residue and chromium (VI).
Background technology
In the process of chromium salt production, can produce the waste residue that contains hypertoxic chromium (VI).Because historical reasons contain chromium (VI) waste residue in a large number and are effectively disposed.Chromium (VI) is one of high toxicity element, and directly the discharging meeting causes severe contamination to environment, and human body contact or absorption can cause grievous injuries such as skin ulceration, respiratory inflammation, anaemia, neuritis, and it still is one of known carcinogenic substance.
At present, containing the harmless treatment of chromium (VI) waste residue, mainly is that the chromium (VI) that toxicity is higher is reduced into the lower chromium of toxicity (III) or chromium metal (0).The method that adopts mainly contains high temperature reduction roasting, electrochemical reduction, chemical reduction, absorbing and reducing etc.The employing aforesaid method is handled, the recycling more complicated of chromium, and cost recovery is higher, reduction is not thorough.Discharge or landfill if contain the waste residue of chromium (III) after will handling, in the long run, also can pollute environment.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to the treatment process that a kind of chromium residue detoxifying is recycled, this method cost is low, environmental protection, can reclaim chromium.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is: the treatment process that chromium residue detoxifying is recycled is characterized in that it comprises the steps:
1) at first sampling analysis contains main component content in chromium (VI) waste residue (main component is chromium content), acidity, particle diameter;
2) build 3~6 leaching ponds and (or claim cement pit, what of chromium content to select what of leaching ponds according to, chromium content is little, the quantity in leaching pond is few, and carry out antiseepage and handle), above the leaching pond, build movably shower, the bottom in leaching pond is provided with leaching liquid vent pipe (pvc pipe), install line strainer additional in the leaching liquid vent pipe, the leaching liquid vent pipe is provided with by-pass valve control (ball valve); Leaching liquid vent pipe be connected with collecting tank (collecting tank is built in the exit in the leaching pond, collects leaching liquid);
3) at first carry out sub-sieve according to size (by sampling analysis as can be known), by sieving (reach and fit the easily particle diameter of leaching) with 20 order vibratory screening apparatuss behind the wet ball grinding, the chromium residue (or claiming chromium slag) of particle diameter≤20 orders (for meeting the chromium residue of particle diameter requirement) is piled in the leaching pond;
4) compound concentration is the diluted acid of 0.01~1wt%;
5) at first by shower the chromium residue in the 1# leaching pond is sprayed (one-level leaching) diluted acid and (be sprayed onto the chromium residue surface uniformly by shower, and infilter to chromium residue inside), the leach liquor in 1# leaching pond is used for 2# leaching pond spray (secondary leaching), the leach liquor spray 3# leaching pond (three grades of leachings) in 2# leaching pond, the rest may be inferred, collect the leach liquor in last leaching pond, enter subsequent processing [entering step 6)];
After chromium (VI) content of the leach liquor (or claiming effluent liquid) in 1# leaching pond is less than 0.2mg/L (GB21900-2008 discharging limit the quantity of requirement), slag tap in 1# leaching pond, the back 1# that slags tap leaches the pond and stacks new chromium residue, as last step leaching pond leaching and collection leaching liquid, enter subsequent processing [entering step 6)]; The pond is leached as one-level in 2# leaching pond, sprays with diluted acid; The pond is leached as secondary in 3# leaching pond, with leach liquor (collection liquid) spray (spray 3# leaching pond) in 2# leaching pond; The rest may be inferred, and the pond is leached as final stage in 1# leaching pond, with the leach liquor spray of prime;
After chromium (VI) content of the leach liquor (or claiming effluent liquid) in 2# leaching pond is less than 0.2mg/L (GB21900-2008 discharging limit the quantity of requirement), slag tap in 2# leaching pond, the back 2# that slags tap leaches the pond and stacks new chromium residue, as last step leaching pond (level leaching last pond) leaching and collection leaching liquid, enter subsequent processing [entering step 6)]; The pond is leached as one-level in 3# leaching pond, and 3# leaching pond sprays with diluted acid; The pond is leached as penultimate stage in 1# leaching pond, sprays with the leach liquor (collection liquid) of the leaching pond of prime when adopting 6 leaching ponds (if, leach the pond with the 6th); The rest may be inferred, and the pond is leached as final stage in 2# leaching pond, with the leach liquor spray of prime; Circulation leaching according to this;
6) to adjust pH be 1.5~2 (acid adjustments) to the dilute sulphuric acid of the leaching liquid of Shou Jiing about with 10wt%, filters, and obtains the leaching liquid after the acid adjustment; Leaching liquid after the acid adjustment is carried out counter current multi-stage extraction-reextraction concentrate (or claiming multi-stage counter current extraction-reextraction to concentrate), obtain content and contain chromium (VI) concentrated solution (recyclable utilization) at 20~30wt%.
This contains chromium (VI) concentrated solution can produce multiple chromic salts products such as potassiumchromate, Sodium chromate, potassium bichromate or sodium dichromate 99 through evaporative crystallization, realizes the recycling of resource.
It is described that to contain chromium (VI) waste residue be the waste residue that produces in the process of chromium salt production.
The volume in described leaching pond is 500m 3The bottom in described leaching pond tilts with the mouth of pipe of 2~3 gradients of spending to the leaching liquid vent pipe.
The described diluted acid of step 4) is with 25m 3The speed of/h is sprayed onto the chromium residue surface.
Described counter current multi-stage extraction-reextraction concentrates and comprises the steps:
1), the preparation of extraction feed
1. be extraction agent with the tertiary amine, kerosene is solvent, is made into tertiary amine-kerosene extraction liquid of containing the 30wt% tertiary amine (organic phase, or be called the O phase),
2. set by step 6) leaching liquid that obtains after the acid adjustment is as by collection liquid (water is also referred to as the A phase),
3. prepare the sodium hydroxide of 5~10wt% or potassium hydroxide solution as reverse-extraction agent;
4. be regenerator with 10wt% sulfuric acid;
2), extraction liquid, come together liquid, reverse-extraction agent, regenerator are placed respectively in the corresponding high-level container, by under meter control flow velocity;
3), extraction
Extraction section adopts the four-stage counter-current extraction, and (counter-current extraction is extraction means commonly used, the professional will be appreciated that, extraction process is two to advance scene 2, the counter-current extraction liquid that come together goes out from first progressive final stage, in the process of the extraction of flowing step by step, be extracted into gradually in the organic phase by the collection material, just do not contained by the collection material in the effluent liquid, be called raffinate.Fresh extraction liquid advances from final stage, this moment, extraction liquid did not contain by the collection material, in the process of the extraction of flowing step by step, gradually will be by the collection extracting substances in organic phase, from elementary outflow the time, be full of by the collection material, be called the extraction liquid that contains certain material), extraction liquid with compared (volume ratio) O: A=1 by collection liquid: 5~10 (comparing is one of key concept of extraction chemistry, the ratio of the volume of expression two-phase); By counter-current extraction, chromium is extracted in the extraction liquid, obtains raffinate by collection liquid, and the concentration of chromium in the raffinate (VI) is less than 0.2mg/L; Qualified discharge or recycling; Chromium (VI) is concentrated and is enriched in the organic phase, obtains containing chromium extraction liquid, enters the section of stripping and strips;
4), strip
Stripping section adopts the Pyatyi countercurrent reextraction to get, contain the comparing of chromium extraction liquid (O phase) and reverse-extraction agent (A phase) (volume ratio) and be O: A=2~10: 1, the chromium that contains in the chromium extraction liquid is arrived water by back extraction, obtain strip liquor, strip liquor concentration is 20~30wt%, collects by concentrating and carries out crystallization and obtain solid-stately containing the chromaking chemical product or preparation contains liquid products such as chromium passivating agent, tanning agent; The extraction agent that does not contain chromium that obtains enters RS Regenerator Section and carries out reprocessing cycle;
5), regeneration
RS Regenerator Section adopts one-level regeneration, and the extraction liquid after the back extraction and regenerator are by 1~2: 1 compare (volume ratio) mixed pickling and regenerated, and the extraction liquid after pickling is regenerated returns extraction section and recycles; Sulfuric acid regenerant is carrying out obtaining spent acid after the pickling to extraction agent, and spent acid is used for the preparation diluted acid.
Extraction equipment adopts and mixes-clarification formula extraction tank, seals, and prevents that solvent evaporates from causing the consumption of secondary pollution and reagent; Mixing pit stirs with 1.1KW driven by motor stirring rake, and rotating speed of agitator is 95r/min.
The advantage of circulated in countercurrent dump leaching method is:
1, chromium slag treatment capacity is big, and flexibly.Can require according to the total amount of chromium slag, day output, the parameters such as content of chromium (VI) in the chromium slag, build the pond of corresponding volume and quantity, the equipment construction cost is low.
2, single-stage leaching starting point concentration height, subsequent concn reduces gradually, and it is big not only to leach liquid measure, and fluctuation of concentration is big.Reagent consumption is big.The leaching of employing multi-stage countercurrent, the concentration height of leach liquor chromium (VI), and stable content are conducive to the subsequent recovery utilization.Reagent consumption is few.Chromium (VI) content is well below the emission standard of country in the chromium slag of leaching back.
3, concentrate by multi-stage counter current extraction-reextractions after, contain the chromium leaching liquid be further purified, concentrated, generally can concentrate 20~30 times.Reduced the cost that extracts chromium (VI) preparation chromic salts from chromium slag leaching liquid significantly, made the recycle of chromium have feasibility economically.Thoroughly remove the pollution of chromium on the one hand, can be made into the product of multiple chromium (VI) on the other hand, realized the recycling of chromium.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: utilize chromium (VI) to be easy to become solution in the characteristic of water and diluted acid, adopt the method for adverse current dump leaching with diluted acid or spent acid, the leaching of chromium (VI) in the chromium residue (being the chromium slag) in the aqueous solution, by counter-current extraction, is recycled chromium (VI) again; Reach the chromium residue detoxifcation, simultaneously the purpose that chromium is recycled.Low, the environmental protection of cost of the present invention can be recycled chromium.
Embodiment
In order to understand the present invention better, further illustrate content of the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment, but content of the present invention not only is confined to the following examples.
Embodiment 1:
The treatment process that chromium residue detoxifying is recycled, it comprises the steps:
1) at first sampling analysis contains main component content in chromium (VI) waste residue (main component is chromium content), acidity, granularity:
One contains in chromium (VI) waste residue by analysis, butt chromium (VI) content is 2.6wt%, insoluble silicate, aluminosilicate content 83wt%, the content of the oxysalt of acid-solubility iron, sodium, magnesium, calcium, oxide compound and oxyhydroxide is between 0.5~5wt%, and other constituent contents are all less than 0.1wt%.Acidity is PH=6.5.The above macrobead content of 20 orders is 8wt%, the about 1.5cm of largest particle diameter.Chromium slag average moisture content 19wt%.
2) building four volumes is 500m 3Leaching pond (cement pit), movably shower is built in leaching pond top.1500 tons of chromium slags can be adorned in each leaching pond.Pvc pipe (leaching liquid vent pipe) and the ball valve that a φ 80mm loads glass fibre installed in bottom in the leaching pond, and the bottom in leaching pond tilts to the mouth of pipe with the gradient of 2~3 degree.The leaching liquid vent pipe is connected with collecting tank.
3) chromium (VI) waste residue (chromium slag, or claim chromium residue) sieves with 20 order vibratory screening apparatuss, macrobead with the ball mill ball milling after after 20 order vibratory screening apparatuss, with chromium residue (or claiming chromium slag) heap of particle diameter≤20 orders (for meeting the chromium residue of particle diameter requirement) to leaching in the pond.The wetting chromium slag that sieves and all spray water during ball milling prevents that the chromium slag from flying upward.
4) dilute sulphuric acid of preparation 0.01% mass concentration is with 25m 3The speed of/h evenly sprays above the chromium slag.
5) at first the chromium slag in 1# pond is sprayed (one-level leaching).Leach liquor is used for 2# pond spray (secondary leaching), the leach liquor spray 3# pond (three grades of leachings) in 2# pond, the leach liquor spray 4# pond (level Four leaching) in 3# pond.The leach liquor of collecting the 4# pond filters, acid adjustment, carries out counter current multi-stage extraction-reextraction and concentrates.
The leach liquor color in 1# pond is by orange--and Huang-yellowish-colourless gradually changing, when leach liquor became colorless, sampling was carried out chromic detection by the analytical procedure of GB7467-1987.Stop the spray [chromium (VI) content is less than 0.2mg/L (GB21900-2008 discharges the requirement of limiting the quantity of)] in 1# pond after up to standard, slag tap, stack new slag.
The pond is leached as one-level in 2# leaching pond, with dilute sulphuric acid the 2# pond is sprayed (one-level leaching), leach liquor spray 3# pond (secondary leaching), 2# pond, leach liquor spray 4# pond (three grades of leachings), 3# pond, leach liquor spray 1# pond (level Four leaching), 4# pond, the leach liquor of collecting the 1# pond filters, acid adjustment, carries out counter current multi-stage extraction-reextraction and concentrates.
After 2# pond leach liquor is up to standard, slag tap, stack new slag.Leach as level Four.3# leaches as one-level in the pond, leaches with dilute sulphuric acid.With this leaching that circulates.
6) leaching time of each pond chromium slag is about 32h, about 1000 tons of day output.Final stage leach liquor concentration is about about 1~2%.It is 1.5 that the dilute sulphuric acid of the leaching liquid of collecting about with 10wt% adjusted pH, and filtration obtains the leaching liquid after the acid adjustment; Leaching liquid after the acid adjustment is carried out counter current multi-stage extraction-reextraction concentrate (or claiming multi-stage counter current extraction-reextraction to concentrate), obtain content and contain chromium (VI) concentrated solution (recyclable utilization) at 20~30wt%.
Described counter current multi-stage extraction-reextraction concentrates and comprises the steps:
1), the preparation of extraction feed
1. be extraction agent with tertiary amine (N-235), kerosene is solvent, is made into tertiary amine-kerosene extraction liquid of containing the 30wt% tertiary amine (organic phase, or be called the O phase), carries out the four-stage counter-current extraction.
2. set by step 6) leaching liquid that obtains after the acid adjustment is as by collection liquid (water is also referred to as the A phase),
3. prepare the potassium hydroxide solution of 10wt% as reverse-extraction agent;
4. be regenerator with 10wt% sulfuric acid;
2), extraction liquid (tertiary amine-kerosene extraction liquid), come together liquid, reverse-extraction agent, regenerator are placed respectively in the corresponding high-level container, by under meter control flow velocity;
3), extraction
Extraction section adopts the four-stage counter-current extraction, and (counter-current extraction is extraction means commonly used, the professional will be appreciated that, extraction process is two to advance scene 2, the counter-current extraction liquid that come together goes out from first progressive final stage, in the process of the extraction of flowing step by step, be extracted into gradually in the organic phase by the collection material, just do not contained by the collection material in the effluent liquid, be called raffinate.Fresh extraction liquid advances from final stage, this moment, extraction liquid did not contain by the collection material, in the process of the extraction of flowing step by step, gradually will be by the collection extracting substances in organic phase, from elementary outflow the time, be full of by the collection material, be called the extraction liquid that contains certain material), extraction liquid with compared (volume ratio) O: A=1 by collection liquid: 10 (comparing is one of key concept of extraction chemistry, the ratio of the volume of expression two-phase); By counter-current extraction, chromium is extracted in the extraction liquid, obtains raffinate by collection liquid, and the concentration of chromium in the raffinate (VI) is less than 0.2mg/L; Qualified discharge or recycling; Chromium (VI) is concentrated and is enriched in the organic phase, obtains containing chromium extraction liquid, enters the section of stripping and strips;
Raffinate carries out chromic detection by the analytical procedure of GB7467-1987.Reach GB21900-2008 and discharge the requirement back discharging of limiting the quantity of, or circulation is for preparing dilute sulphuric acid.
4), strip: carry out Pyatyi and strip containing the chromium organic phase, with chromium from organic phase back extraction to water.
Stripping section adopts the Pyatyi countercurrent reextraction to get, contain chromium extraction liquid (O phase) and be O: A=2 with compare (volume ratio) of reverse-extraction agent (A phase): 1, the chromium that contains in the chromium extraction liquid is arrived water by back extraction, obtain strip liquor, strip liquor concentration is 30wt% (contain chromium be 30% potassium chromate solution), contain chromium and be 30% potassium chromate solution, concentrate through heating evaporation, crystallization, filter, drying obtains the potassiumchromate product, 1/2 mother liquor mixes with leaching liquid and extracts, 1/2 mother liquor mixes with strip liquor, carries out condensing crystal and (solid-stately contains the chromaking chemical product or preparation contains the chromium passivating agent, liquid products such as tanning agent); The extraction agent that does not contain chromium that obtains enters RS Regenerator Section and carries out reprocessing cycle;
5), regeneration
RS Regenerator Section adopts one-level regeneration, and the extraction agent after the back extraction (extraction agent that does not contain chromium) and regenerator are by 1~2: 1 compare (volume ratio) mixed pickling and regenerated, and the extraction liquid after pickling is regenerated returns extraction section and recycles; Sulfuric acid regenerant is carrying out obtaining spent acid after the pickling to extraction agent, and spent acid is used for the preparation diluted acid.
Extraction equipment adopts and mixes-clarification formula extraction tank, seals, and prevents that solvent evaporates from causing the consumption of secondary pollution and reagent; Mixing pit stirs with 1.1KW driven by motor stirring rake, and rotating speed of agitator is 95r/min.
Embodiment 2:
The treatment process that chromium residue detoxifying is recycled, it comprises the steps:
1) at first sampling analysis contains main component content in chromium (VI) waste residue (main component is chromium content), acidity, particle diameter;
One contains in chromium (VI) waste residue by analysis, butt chromium (VI) content is 3.2wt%, insoluble silicate, aluminosilicate content 83wt%, the content of the oxysalt of acid-solubility iron, sodium, magnesium, calcium, oxide compound and oxyhydroxide is between 0.5~5wt%, and other constituent contents are all less than 0.1wt%.Acidity is PH=6.5.The above macrobead content of 20 orders is 8wt%, the about 1.5cm of largest particle diameter.Chromium slag average moisture content 19wt%.
2) build 3 leaching ponds (and carry out antiseepage and handle), above the leaching pond, build movably shower, the bottom in leaching pond is provided with leaching liquid vent pipe (pvc pipe), installs line strainer additional in the leaching liquid vent pipe, and the leaching liquid vent pipe is provided with by-pass valve control (ball valve); Leaching liquid vent pipe be connected with collecting tank (collecting tank is built in the exit in the leaching pond, collects leaching liquid);
3) at first carry out sub-sieve according to size (by sampling analysis as can be known), by sieving (reach and fit the easily particle diameter of leaching) with 20 order vibratory screening apparatuss behind the wet ball grinding, the chromium residue (or claiming chromium slag) of particle diameter≤20 orders (for meeting the chromium residue of particle diameter requirement) is piled in the leaching pond;
4) compound concentration is the diluted acid of 0.01~1wt%; With 25m 3The speed of/h evenly sprays above the chromium slag;
5) at first by shower the chromium residue in the 1# leaching pond is sprayed (one-level leaching) diluted acid and (be sprayed onto the chromium residue surface uniformly by shower, and infilter to chromium residue inside), the leach liquor in 1# leaching pond is used for 2# leaching pond spray (secondary leaching), the leach liquor spray 3# leaching pond (three grades of leachings) in 2# leaching pond, collect the leach liquor in last leaching pond, enter subsequent processing [entering step 6)];
After chromium (VI) content of the leach liquor (or claiming effluent liquid) in 1# leaching pond is less than 0.2mg/L (GB21900-2008 discharging limit the quantity of requirement), slag tap in 1# leaching pond, the back 1# that slags tap leaches the pond and stacks new chromium residue, as last step leaching pond leaching and collection leaching liquid, enter subsequent processing [entering step 6)]; The pond is leached as one-level in 2# leaching pond, sprays with diluted acid; The pond is leached as secondary in 3# leaching pond, with leach liquor (collection liquid) spray (spray 3# leaching pond) in 2# leaching pond; The pond is leached as final stage in 1# leaching pond, with the leach liquor spray of prime;
After chromium (VI) content of the leach liquor (or claiming effluent liquid) in 2# leaching pond is less than 0.2mg/L (GB21900-2008 discharging limit the quantity of requirement), slag tap in 2# leaching pond, the back 2# that slags tap leaches the pond and stacks new chromium residue, as last step leaching pond (level leaching last pond) leaching and collection leaching liquid, enter subsequent processing [entering step 6)]; The pond is leached as one-level in 3# leaching pond, and 3# leaching pond sprays with diluted acid; The pond is leached as penultimate stage in 1# leaching pond, sprays with the leach liquor (collection liquid) in the leaching pond (leaching the pond with 3#) of prime; The pond is leached as final stage in 2# leaching pond, with the leach liquor spray of prime; Circulation leaching according to this;
6) to adjust pH be 1.5 (acid adjustments) to the dilute sulphuric acid of the leaching liquid of Shou Jiing about with 10wt%, filters, and obtains the leaching liquid after the acid adjustment; Leaching liquid after the acid adjustment is carried out counter current multi-stage extraction-reextraction concentrate (or claiming multi-stage counter current extraction-reextraction to concentrate), obtain content and contain chromium (VI) concentrated solution (recyclable utilization) at 20~30wt%.
Described counter current multi-stage extraction-reextraction concentrates substantially the same manner as Example 1, and difference is: during extraction, and O: A=1: 5; The sodium hydroxide solution of preparation 5wt% is as reverse-extraction agent; The chromium extraction liquid (O phase) that contains of stripping section is O: A=10 with compare (volume ratio) of reverse-extraction agent (A phase): 1.
Embodiment 3 (building 6 leaching ponds):
The treatment process that chromium residue detoxifying is recycled, it comprises the steps:
1) at first sampling analysis contains main component content in chromium (VI) waste residue (main component is chromium content), acidity, particle diameter;
One contains in chromium (VI) waste residue by analysis, butt chromium (VI) content is 1.8wt%, insoluble silicate, aluminosilicate content 83wt%, the content of the oxysalt of acid-solubility iron, sodium, magnesium, calcium, oxide compound and oxyhydroxide is between 0.5~5wt%, and other constituent contents are all less than 0.1wt%.Acidity is PH=13.0.The above macrobead content of 20 orders is 8wt%, the about 10cm of largest particle diameter.Chromium slag average moisture content 19wt%.
2) build 6 leaching ponds (and carry out antiseepage and handle), above the leaching pond, build movably shower, the bottom in leaching pond is provided with leaching liquid vent pipe (pvc pipe), installs line strainer additional in the leaching liquid vent pipe, and the leaching liquid vent pipe is provided with by-pass valve control (ball valve); Leaching liquid vent pipe be connected with collecting tank (collecting tank is built in the exit in the leaching pond, collects leaching liquid);
3) at first carry out sub-sieve according to size (by sampling analysis as can be known), by sieving (reach and fit the easily particle diameter of leaching) with 20 order vibratory screening apparatuss behind the wet ball grinding, the chromium residue (or claiming chromium slag) of particle diameter≤20 orders (for meeting the chromium residue of particle diameter requirement) is piled in the leaching pond;
4) compound concentration is the diluted acid of 0.01~1wt%; With 25m 3The speed of/h evenly sprays above the chromium slag;
5) at first by shower the chromium residue in the 1# leaching pond is sprayed (one-level leaching) diluted acid and (be sprayed onto the chromium residue surface uniformly by shower, and infilter to chromium residue inside), the leach liquor in 1# leaching pond is used for 2# leaching pond spray (secondary leaching), the leach liquor spray 3# leaching pond (three grades of leachings) in 2# leaching pond, the rest may be inferred, collect the leach liquor in last leaching pond, enter subsequent processing [entering step 6)];
After chromium (VI) content of the leach liquor (or claiming effluent liquid) in 1# leaching pond is less than 0.2mg/L (GB21900-2008 discharging limit the quantity of requirement), slag tap in 1# leaching pond, the back 1# that slags tap leaches the pond and stacks new chromium residue, as last step leaching pond leaching and collection leaching liquid, enter subsequent processing [entering step 6)]; The pond is leached as one-level in 2# leaching pond, sprays with diluted acid; The pond is leached as secondary in 3# leaching pond, with leach liquor (collection liquid) spray (spray 3# leaching pond) in 2# leaching pond; The rest may be inferred, and the pond is leached as final stage in 1# leaching pond, with the leach liquor spray of prime;
After chromium (VI) content of the leach liquor (or claiming effluent liquid) in 2# leaching pond is less than 0.2mg/L (GB21900-2008 discharging limit the quantity of requirement), slag tap in 2# leaching pond, the back 2# that slags tap leaches the pond and stacks new chromium residue, as last step leaching pond (level leaching last pond) leaching and collection leaching liquid, enter subsequent processing [entering step 6)]; The pond is leached as one-level in 3# leaching pond, and 3# leaching pond sprays with diluted acid; The pond is leached as penultimate stage in 1# leaching pond, uses leach liquor (collection liquid) spray in the leaching pond (with the 6th leaching pond) of prime; The rest may be inferred, and the pond is leached as final stage in 2# leaching pond, with the leach liquor spray of prime; Circulation leaching according to this;
6) to adjust pH be 2 (acid adjustments) to the dilute sulphuric acid of the leaching liquid of Shou Jiing about with 10wt%, filters, and obtains the leaching liquid after the acid adjustment; Leaching liquid after the acid adjustment is carried out counter current multi-stage extraction-reextraction concentrate (or claiming multi-stage counter current extraction-reextraction to concentrate), obtain content and contain chromium (VI) concentrated solution (recyclable utilization) at 20~30wt%.
Described counter current multi-stage extraction-reextraction concentrates with embodiment 1.

Claims (6)

1. the treatment process of chromium residue detoxifying recycling is characterized in that it comprises the steps:
1) at first main component content, acidity, particle diameter in the sampling analysis chromium residue;
2) build 3~6 leaching ponds, build movably shower above the leaching pond, the bottom in leaching pond is provided with the leaching liquid vent pipe, installs line strainer additional in the leaching liquid vent pipe, and the leaching liquid vent pipe is provided with by-pass valve control; The leaching liquid vent pipe is connected with collecting tank;
3) at first carry out sub-sieve according to size, by sieving with 20 order vibratory screening apparatuss behind the wet ball grinding, particle diameter≤20 purpose chromium residues are piled in the leaching pond;
4) compound concentration is the diluted acid of 0.01~1wt%;
5) at first by shower the chromium residue in the 1# leaching pond is sprayed diluted acid, the leach liquor in 1# leaching pond is used for 2# leaching pond spray, the leach liquor spray 3# leaching pond in 2# leaching pond, and the rest may be inferred, collect the leach liquor in last leaching pond, enter subsequent processing;
After the chromium content of the leach liquor in 1# leaching pond is less than 0.2mg/L, slag tap in 1# leaching pond, and new chromium residue is stacked in the 1# leaching pond, back of slagging tap, and as last step leaching pond leaching and collect leaching liquid, enters subsequent processing; The pond is leached as one-level in 2# leaching pond, sprays with diluted acid; The pond is leached as secondary in 3# leaching pond, with the leach liquor spray in 2# leaching pond; The rest may be inferred, and the pond is leached as final stage in 1# leaching pond, with the leach liquor spray of prime;
After the chromium content of the leach liquor in 2# leaching pond is less than 0.2mg/L, slag tap in 2# leaching pond, and new chromium residue is stacked in the 2# leaching pond, back of slagging tap, and as last step leaching pond leaching and collect leaching liquid, enters subsequent processing; The pond is leached as one-level in 3# leaching pond, and 3# leaching pond sprays with diluted acid; The pond is leached as penultimate stage in 1# leaching pond, uses the leach liquor spray in the leaching pond of prime; The rest may be inferred, and the pond is leached as final stage in 2# leaching pond, with the leach liquor spray of prime; Circulation leaching according to this;
6) to adjust pH with the dilute sulphuric acid of 10wt% be 1.5~2 to the leaching liquid of Shou Jiing, filters, and obtains the leaching liquid after the acid adjustment; Leaching liquid after the acid adjustment is carried out counter current multi-stage extraction-reextraction concentrate, obtain content and contain the chromium concentrated solution at 20~30wt%.
2. the treatment process recycled of chromium residue detoxifying according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described chromium residue be produce in the process of chromium salt production contain the sexavalent chrome waste residue.
3. the treatment process recycled of chromium residue detoxifying according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the volume in described leaching pond is 500m 3
4. the treatment process recycled of chromium residue detoxifying according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the bottom in described leaching pond tilts with the gradients of 2~3 degree mouth of pipe to the leaching liquid vent pipe.
5. the treatment process recycled of chromium residue detoxifying according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described diluted acid of step 5) is with 25m 3The speed of/h is sprayed onto the chromium residue surface.
6. the treatment process recycled of chromium residue detoxifying according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described counter current multi-stage extraction-reextractions is concentrated to be comprised the steps:
1), the preparation of extraction feed
1. be extraction agent with the tertiary amine, kerosene is solvent, is made into the tertiary amine-kerosene extraction liquid that contains the 30wt% tertiary amine,
2. set by step 6) leaching liquid that obtains after the acid adjustment is as by collection liquid,
3. prepare the sodium hydroxide of 5~10wt% or potassium hydroxide solution as reverse-extraction agent;
4. be regenerator with 10wt% sulfuric acid;
2), extraction liquid, come together liquid, reverse-extraction agent, regenerator are placed respectively in the corresponding high-level container, by under meter control flow velocity;
3), extraction
Extraction section adopts the four-stage counter-current extraction, extraction liquid with compared O:A=1:5~10 by collection liquid; By counter-current extraction, chromium is extracted in the extraction liquid, obtains raffinate by collection liquid, and the concentration of chromium is less than 0.2mg/L in the raffinate; Qualified discharge or recycling; Chromium is concentrated and is enriched in the organic phase, obtains containing chromium extraction liquid, enters the section of stripping and strips;
4), strip
Stripping section adopts the Pyatyi countercurrent reextraction to get, O:A=2~the 10:1 that is in a ratio of that contains chromium extraction liquid and reverse-extraction agent, the chromium that contains in the chromium extraction liquid is arrived water by back extraction, obtain strip liquor, strip liquor concentration is 20~30wt%, collects by concentrating and carries out crystallization and obtain solid-stately containing the chromaking chemical product or preparation contains chromium passivating agent or tanning agent; The extraction agent that does not contain chromium that obtains enters RS Regenerator Section and carries out reprocessing cycle;
5), regeneration
RS Regenerator Section adopts one-level regeneration, and the extraction agent after the back extraction mixes pickling regeneration with regenerator by comparing of 1~2:1, and the extraction liquid after pickling regeneration returns extraction section and recycles; Sulfuric acid regenerant is carrying out obtaining spent acid after the pickling to extraction agent, and spent acid is used for the preparation diluted acid.
CN2012100710904A 2012-03-16 2012-03-16 Treatment method for detoxifying and recycling chromium slag Expired - Fee Related CN102618726B (en)

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