CN102615129A - Forming method of small-coefficient hole flanging on side wall of barrel with non-equal wall thickness - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a forming method of a small-coefficient hole flanging on the side wall of a barrel with non-equal wall thickness. The forming method comprises the following steps of: (1) heating a blank and a mould and guaranteeing constant temperature of the blank and the mould in an extrusion deformation process; (2) prefabricating a pilot hole (21), pre-drilling a hole at an axis position of a flanging to further align a reaming convex die with the axis position, and guaranteeing accurate dimension of a reaming position, wherein the prefabricated pilot hole (21) can not be greater than phi 10; (3) reaming with a conical convex die, fixing the conical convex die by a press, descending, reaming the prefabricated pilot hole (21) at constant temperature and extruding to form a conical port; (4) thinning, extruding and drawing, additionally arranging double rings (22) at a working position of the convex die according to a thinning coefficient, thinning the ring with a smaller diameter and reaming for one time to form a taper hole in an extrusion process, continuously descending the convex die, and thinning and reaming the ring with a larger diameter at the upper position for two times to thin again. By using pre-drilling of the pilot hole, extruding and reaming, multiple thinning, extruding and drawing, the limits of a punching process and the limitations to shape and size are broken through.

Description

A kind of non-forming method that waits wall thickness at the little coefficient hole flanging of cylinder lateral wall

Technical field

The invention belongs to the metallic extrusion molding technology, shape die device in particular a kind of any space angle turns over and squeezes.The convexity that different shape is specifically arranged at the cylindrical shell madial wall; These convexities can be that entity also can be a sidewall flange form; These protruding directions are not the normal directions in sidewall locations; But any space angle, the present invention is exactly on general extrusion equipment, and the unidirectional form that moves both vertically of utilizing the equipment slide block is cylinder inboard wall be shaped the special dies structure and the manufacturing process of certain altitude, certain space angle convexity.

Background technology

For closed shape chamber, the tubular convexity of a lot of abnormity is arranged, the tubular convexity side, circle or various non-regular shapes on the wall of chamber; These projection direction all are inside; These cast convex type like with punching press in flange, but tubular convexity is turned over the limit flanging coefficient 0.8 that is far smaller than punching press flange regulation all over coefficient, minimum reaches 0.1; Level off to 0, that is to say that ratio of height to diameter reaches more than 0.5; If these tubular projections are used the common die structure being shaped; The flange die inner in the shape chamber can be embedded in the blank convexity; And die can stripping direction intersects with above-mentioned direction or vertical; Inlay direction and separate from blank just as the latch of door hinders die, the present invention just provides a kind of enclosed shape chamber convex extruding demolding structure and little flanging coefficient pressing method.

Fig. 1 for the cylindrical member sidewall have in convex form tubular, the interior hole flanging in this tubular similar Sheet Metal Forming Technology, but in the punching press hole flanging everywhere wall thickness equate, but in-flanges wall thickness of the present invention does not wait, and sees Fig. 2 cutaway view; The in-flanges shape of cross section has square, circular, special-shaped, and Fig. 1 signal is circular;

The in-flanges height of projection varies in size, and height of projection is big, sees Fig. 2, and material flows violent, and deformation extent is big, and tube wall is prone to crack in the extrusion process, and the extruding difficulty increases; In general metal plate punching technology, flange there is strict flange limit coefficient restriction, general flanging coefficient 0.8 will ftracture less than 0.8, and wall thickness is identical, and panel beating belongs to two-dimentional strain; Can reach 0.1 and turn over time coefficient for the limit of the present invention, ratio of height to diameter 1, it all is that Sheet Metal Forming Technology is insurmountable that the flange position becomes wall thickness.Behind the such tubular in-flanges of extrusion molding; The die die orifice just is embedded in tubular hole flanging root, and the in-flanges material of blank can be embedded in the die hole, and die can not withdraw from left from horizontal direction according to current stripping direction; So just needing a kind of method should meet the extrusion molding rule in-flanges is embedded in the die die orifice; Die and blank material are separated from inlaying, take out die, track was controlled before and after die withdrawed from simultaneously; Guarantee the location dimension precision, be convenient to be shaped in batches convex.

For the cylindrical member extruding, can adopt general backward extrusion method to accomplish, but some cylindrical member inwall have solid, hollow convex; These convex height are different, and size is different, and shape is different; Owing to these convexes occur, the loading direction of power is different, is difficult to be shaped simultaneously with the cylindrical shell backward extrusion.

The convex of cylinder inboard wall axially is any space angle with the major axes orientation of cylindrical shell own, and UP machine slide block direction is vertically downward, and unidirectional, stress direction is consistent with interior convex direction, and forcing press is constant, has increased at ordinary press to push the convex difficulty.

Summary of the invention

The deficiency that the object of the invention is directed against prior art provides a kind of non-forming method that waits wall thickness at the little coefficient hole flanging of cylinder lateral wall.

For realizing that above-mentioned purpose technical scheme of the present invention is:

A kind of non-forming method that waits wall thickness at the little coefficient hole flanging of cylinder lateral wall may further comprise the steps:

(1) heating blank and mould guarantee blank and mould isothermal in extrusion process used for forming;

(2) prefabricated correcting hole (21), so that next step reamer punch and shaft core position centering guarantee that the reamer position dimension is accurate, prefabricated correcting hole (21) can not be greater than φ 10 in the prebored hole of flange shaft core position;

(3) taper punch reamer, press is the taper punch fixedly, and is descending, and isothermal expands prefabricated correcting hole (21), is squeezed into the awl mouth;

(4) the attenuation extruding is extended, and according to the attenuation coefficient, increases dicyclo (22) in the punch operating position; In the extrusion process; The attenuation that diameter is little, taper hole of enlarging, punch continues descending, and the diameter ring attenuation enlarging secondary of the upper position of some greatly makes an attenuation attenuation once more.

The present invention adopts preboring guide hole, squeezed awl, repeatedly the attenuation extruding is extended, and breaks through the limitation of the restriction of the Sheet Metal Forming Technology limit, breakthrough shape, size.

The present invention solves the tubular convexity of being badly in need of on the engineering of the change wall thickness, the height of projection that are difficult to be shaped in-flanges big, that flanging coefficient is little; After next is extrusion molding cast convexity; The problem that blank and die are difficult to separate; Around these two problems, provide a kind of under mass production environment, the tubular convex extrusion process of blank and extruding back die and segregative mould structure of convex material and forming method.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the tubular blank, and it is shaped as sidewall and has the tubular of interior convex form;

Fig. 2 is the profile of Fig. 1;

Shape die device structural representation in Fig. 3 squeezes for any space angle of the present invention turns over;

Shape die device structural representation in Fig. 4 squeezes for any space angle of the present invention turns over;

Fig. 5 is prefabricated correcting hole, blank flange position;

Fig. 6 is a taper punch reamer;

Fig. 7 is the attenuation punch initial position of extending;

Fig. 8 is the attenuation ultimate position of extending;

Fig. 9 is the knockout course sketch map;

1, support; 2, blank; 3, back pressure ring; 4, first punch; 5, preceding pressure ring; 6, the first hinge die; 7, crossbeam; 8, swash plate; 9, the second hinge die; 10, pin; 11, second punch; 12, crossbeam keyway; 13, die key.

The specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is elaborated.

Embodiment 1 mould structure and assembling

Shape die device structure was seen Fig. 3 in any space angle of the present invention turned over and squeezes; Comprise first punch 4 that pushes convex and second punch 11 (the punch geomery is decided according to the concrete size of product convex, shape of cross section can be circular, square, conical, square taper, various irregularly shaped can; For the interior convex form that needs the multi-pass extruding, punch will should have multi-pass punch shape mutually); The first hinge die 6 of extruding convex, the second hinge die 9 (the die shape will be with product inner wall shape consistent size, coincide, and each die appearance and size stressed safety that guarantees self to work get final product, and the side, round shape is all right); The hinge and the die of the first hinge die 6, the second hinge die 9 are shaped to one, and the first hinge die 6, the second hinge die 9 can make things convenient for die and blank 2 disengagings around pin 10 rotations; Crossbeam 7 is to run through whole blank along the blank axis, bears extruding force under the punch, and higher-strength arranged; Crossbeam 7 is supported on the support 1, and is independent separately with support 1, can independently on support 1 rotate along axis; Changing angle, reach to change and push the convex orientation, fits in crossbeam 7 stress surfaces and die bottom surface; Such first hinge die 6, the second hinge die 9, preceding pressure ring 5, back pressure ring 3, crossbeam 7 relative fixed are integral that (crossbeam 7 relies on the screw above the supports 1 fastening; Form the fixing integral body assembling in mutual alignment, they rely on the datum level location blank of self), can operate rotation; Also comprise swash plate 8; The angle of swash plate 8 equates that with the convex space angle swash plate 8 can axially change over interior punch-die identical with the press slide direction of motion, no matter convex any direction in cylindrical shell stretches like this; Increasing swash plate 8 just can be vertical interior convex direction pad; Punch pressure direction and interior punch-die vertically downward axially coincide, and punch horizontal direction force balance is avoided unstability; First punch 4 adopts screw thread to be connected with press with second punch 11, is convenient to quick change; Preceding pressure ring 5 is used for the position relative fixed of die and blank 2 with back pressure ring 3, and preceding pressure ring 5 connects with the hinge die through pin 10, and back pressure ring is along the crossbeam 7 axial line control blank frees degree; See shown in Figure 4; After mold integral had been filled up by swash plate 8, crossbeam 7 also will tilt with the die contact-making surface, under power effect vertically downward, caused die and crossbeam 7 relative positions to slide; Increase the connected mode of key; Processing crossbeam keyway 12 processes key 13 in the die bottom surface on crossbeam 7, guarantees that crossbeam 7 and die relative position are constant.

The mould assembling process is following:

Step 1: blank 2 (has several convexes with the hinge die above the blank 2; To design the hinge die of several corresponding sizes accordingly; Also can several holes be processed on the hinge die) assembling, rotating cavity die gets into blank, with preceding pressure ring 5, back pressure ring 3 blank 2 is located; Rotation blank 2 make the prebored hole diameter line or claim center line and the mould graduation mark (the mould graduation mark is on preceding pressure ring 5; Each hole is own centre line all, has several holes just in preceding pressure ring 5 relevant positions several mould graduation marks to be set) alignment, blank 2 is all controlled with the hinge die free degree like this.

Step 2: penetrate crossbeam 7, guarantee that crossbeam 7 two ends exposed lengths equate, crossbeam keyway 12 inserts keys 13 (have only in the die key present embodiment, can be provided with a plurality of as required), punch unstability and the generation of die slippage situation when guaranteeing oblique extruding.

Step 3: crossbeam 7 is put into support 1, and screw screws in from the top wire hole on the support 1, and crossbeam 7 is lived in tightening, guarantees to be connected firmly between crossbeam 7 and the support 1.

Step 4: installing space angle swash plate 8, according to the space angle of blank convex, must axially fill up convex; Making is that the press loading direction is consistent with vertical downward direction axially, and space angle changes, and the swash plate size will change; Will change swash plate, the swash plate partial view is seen Fig. 8.

Step 5: the punch corresponding with die is installed, comprised first punch 4 and second punch 11 in the present embodiment, press slide is fixed with joint, screws in joints to first punch 4 or second punch 11 and has just accomplished connecting of punch and slide block, fixes.

Step 6: convex compacting, it is descending that press slide drives first punch 4, the control stroke, controlled pressure controls first punch 4 and gets into the die degree of depth, just accomplished the extruding that blank has the space angle hole.

Step 7: if need compacting second hole (present embodiment has two holes); Rotate to an angle crossbeam 7, the axis in the hole of blank is vertically up perpendicular to work top, and axis is consistent with the slide block movement direction; Change second punch 11; Just can suppress this hole, require to change swash plate or without swash plate, present embodiment is without swash plate according to the space angle in this hole.

Step 8: after the compacting of space angle convex was accomplished, oppositely blank and mold separation, all convex extruding of cylindrical member were accomplished, and change second, the 3rd and carry out mass production according to above step.

The present invention can accomplish various interior convex form compactings, and precision is high, and fabrication strength is high; Crossbeam can rotate, and once heating can be accomplished the diverse location convex; The swash plate that increases can be accomplished various space angle convexes; Highly versatile, support and crossbeam are flexible for installation, split; Local die is less, and compacting back rotating stripping demoulding is convenient.

Embodiment 2

The mould that present embodiment adopts embodiment to provide; Further provide a kind of under mass production environment; The tubular convex extrusion process of blank; After solving the change wall thickness, the height of projection that are difficult to the be shaped tubular protruding difficult forming of being badly in need of on the engineering of in-flanges big, that flanging coefficient is little and extrusion molding cast convexity, the problem that blank and die are difficult to separate.Step is following: heating blank and mould, and---attenuation extruding in prefabricated correcting hole 21---taper punch reamer---is extended;

(1) heating blank and mould guarantee blank and mould isothermal in extrusion process used for forming, and such as concerning the LC4 aluminium alloy, temperature is at 430-470 ℃, and magnesium alloy is at 300 ℃-380 ℃, and this moment, blank material plasticity was high, can reach percentage elongation 50%.

(2) Fig. 5 is seen in 21 (φ 10), prefabricated correcting hole, in the prebored hole of flange shaft core position so that next step reamer punch and shaft core position centering; Guarantee that the reamer position dimension is accurate, prefabricated correcting hole 21 can not be greater than φ 10, and is excessive; It is not enough to be used for the material volume that attenuation extends; Too smallly can't play guide function, punch receives force unbalance, skids, crooked generation.

(3) taper punch reamer, press is the taper punch fixedly, and is descending, and isothermal expands prefabricated correcting hole 21, is squeezed into the awl mouth, sees Fig. 6.

(4) the attenuation extruding is extended, and sees Fig. 7, according to the attenuation coefficient, increases dicyclo 22 in the punch operating position; In the extrusion process, the attenuation that diameter is little, taper hole of enlarging, punch continues descending, and the diameter ring attenuation enlarging secondary of the upper position of some greatly makes an attenuation attenuation once more; See Fig. 8 ultimate position, in a word, once extend; Twice attenuation, final, oral area is configured as the tubular flange shape of convex that the in-flanges wall thickness does not wait among Fig. 2.

Release method is seen Fig. 9, a: die initial position after the extruding convex is shaped; B: die and hinge leave convex along the pin rotation; C: die rotates workpiece lumen fully;

After convex is accomplished in extruding; Knock the hinge position of hinge die, die is turned clockwise separate, continue to prize the hinge die with convex; The hinge die comes out completely from interior; Clamp separates blank with preceding retainer ring, back retainer ring, continue to install next blank and push convex, produces in batches.

Change wall thickness in-flanges method of the present invention can be widely used in the embedded situation that is difficult to the demoulding of all workpiece convexes and shaping dies, under the constant condition of existing equipment, produces the extrusion of band convex in batches.

Should be understood that, concerning those of ordinary skills, can improve or conversion, and all these improvement and conversion all should belong to the protection domain of accompanying claims of the present invention according to above-mentioned explanation.

Claims (1)

1. a non-forming method that waits wall thickness at the little coefficient hole flanging of cylinder lateral wall is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:

(1) heating blank and mould guarantee blank and mould isothermal in extrusion process used for forming;

(2) prefabricated correcting hole (21), so that next step reamer punch and shaft core position centering guarantee that the reamer position dimension is accurate, prefabricated correcting hole (21) can not be greater than φ 10 in the prebored hole of flange shaft core position;

(3) taper punch reamer, press is the taper punch fixedly, and is descending, and isothermal expands prefabricated correcting hole (21), is squeezed into the awl mouth;

(4) the attenuation extruding is extended, and according to the attenuation coefficient, increases dicyclo (22) in the punch operating position; In the extrusion process; The attenuation that diameter is little, taper hole of enlarging, punch continues descending, and the diameter ring attenuation enlarging secondary of the upper position of some greatly makes an attenuation attenuation once more.

Images