CN102611647B - Channel estimation methods and device in Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) RAKE receiver - Google Patents

Channel estimation methods and device in Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) RAKE receiver Download PDF

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CN102611647B
CN102611647B CN201110022732.7A CN201110022732A CN102611647B CN 102611647 B CN102611647 B CN 102611647B CN 201110022732 A CN201110022732 A CN 201110022732A CN 102611647 B CN102611647 B CN 102611647B
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channel estimation
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CN102611647A (en
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张明
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Shenzhen ZTE Microelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

The present invention relates to channel estimation methods and device in a kind of Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) RAKE receiver, its method comprises: carry out descrambling and de-spreading process to the antenna data received, the chip-level data transaction of DPCCH channel is become sign level data; Calculate the rough channel estimation of each time slot DPCCH pilot tone and non-pilot symbol; Each time slot DPCCH pilot tone and the rough channel estimation of non-pilot symbol and the DPCCH symbol in each footpath are done channel compensation; Calculate by sliding window the precise channel carried out under general mode and high-speed mobile pattern to the DPCCH symbol after channel compensation to estimate.The present invention estimates with the precise channel of the BOOSTING user of high-speed data service under taking into account high-speed mobile environment, the performance requirement of RAKE receiver under the physical layer protocol of various version can be met, thus the channel degradation condition lower channel overcoming prior art existence is estimated truly to reflect the characteristic of channel, thus cause the shortcoming of error rate increase, penalty.

Description

Channel estimation methods and device in Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) RAKE receiver
Technical field
The present invention relates to moving communicating field, particularly relate to channel estimation methods and device in a kind of Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) (WCDMA, Wideband-CodeDivisionMultipleAccess) RAKE receiver.
Background technology
3G (Third Generation) Moblie (3G, target 3rd-generation) can make people under any circumstance, all can unimpededly communicate, have support from speech to grouped data, image is to the ability of multimedia service, thus propose higher requirement, namely require higher data rate, wider data bandwidth, the higher availability of frequency spectrum, better service quality, lower power consumption and lower system cost.WCDMA is one of mainstream standard of 3G, and RAKE receiver is as one of the key technology of WCDMA, and it is opposing multi-path jamming, improves the important technical of communication quality.In order to make the high speed data transfers of WCDMA support uplink, 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP, The3rdGenerationPartnershipProject) R6 introduces enhancement mode physical channel (E-DCH, EnhancedDedicatedChannel), it allows minimum spreading factor (SF, SpreadingFactor) to equal 2.
In WCDMARAKE receiver, in order to improve uplink quality, at special physical controlling channel of upward (DPCCH, DedicatedPhysicalControlChannel) add portion of pilot symbol in for channel estimating, and channel estimation value is used for channel compensation and multi-path combing.And the transmitting of frequency pilot sign is not continuous print, number of pilot symbols in each time slot is between 3 to 8, therefore, adopt which kind of method accurately to estimate the characteristic of channel that in time slot, pilot tone and non-pilot symbol are corresponding, the receptivity of raising receiver under high-speed mobile environment is seemed of crucial importance.
At present, comparatively conventional channel estimation methods mainly contains following several: single time slot method of average, based on the channel estimation methods, maximum likelihood estimate, mathematical interpolation method, the weighted multi-slot average method (WMSA that simplify Kalman tracking filter, and iterative channel estimation method (ICE, IterativeChannelEstimation) WeightedMulti-SlotAveraging).Wherein:
The pilot estimation of single slot average approach to each time slot is averaged, and obtains the pilot estimation of this time slot.Because the frequency pilot sign adopted is less, cannot the impact of effective filtering noise, no matter be therefore that performance is all poor under low speed or high-speed mobile environment.Based on the improvement that the channel estimation methods simplifying Kalman tracking filter is for the former, in low speed mobile environment, performance makes moderate progress, but performance is still very poor in high-speed mobile environment.
Maximum likelihood estimate adopts Viterbi decoding algorithm to decode to coded receive signal, revises false channel estimated value wherein, and then reaches the object of precise channel estimation.This technology, owing to there is data feedback, delay, thus needs the structure changing receiver, and adds amount of calculation, is difficult in practice realize.
Mathematical interpolation method utilizes the pilot bits estimated value of each time slot, is obtained the estimated value of non-pilot bit by interpolation.The method is divided into linear interpolation and non-linear interpolation two kinds.Interpolation method can not be effectively applied to IA High Speed Channel.Such as Gauss interpolation method, it is a kind of non-linear interpolation algorithm, and simulation result shows when travelling carriage is in high-speed case, is difficult to obtain accurate channel estimating.
WMSA is the method pilot value of multiple time slot being adopted to symmetrical weighting, provides the channel estimation value between frequency pilot sign.Its estimation procedure is as follows: 1) utilize the average channel estimation methods of single time slot to obtain the channel estimation value of each time slot; 2) by the estimated value weighted array of multiple time slot, the channel estimation value of current time slots is obtained.Owing to being weighted between multiple time slot average, the filtering impact of noise effectively.This algorithm is comparatively easy in realization, but when travelling carriage reaches certain speed, is difficult to make correct estimation.
ICE first obtains the current channel estimation value in each footpath by WMSA and compensates Dedicated Physical Control Channel, merges, result after being combined carries out hard decision, taking out data segment symbol after judgement as virtual pilot frequency feedbacks and re-starts channel estimating to data segment symbol, for improving precision, this iterative process can be carried out repeatedly.Because this algorithm is based on WMSA, along with the deterioration of channel, WMSA degradation, after merging, the False Rate of hard decision increases, and causes the hydraulic performance decline of the method or process time delay greatly to increase.
Therefore, in prior art WCDMARAKE receiver, channel estimation methods is under channel degradation condition, truly cannot reflect the characteristic of channel, cannot ensure precision of channel estimation, thus causes the increase of the RAKE receiver error rate, penalty.
Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention is to provide channel estimation methods and device in a kind of Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) RAKE receiver, is intended to improve precision of channel estimation in WCDMARAKE receiver.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention proposes channel estimation methods in a kind of Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) RAKE receiver, comprising:
Descrambling and de-spreading process is carried out to the antenna data received, the chip-level data transaction of DPCCH channel is become sign level data;
Calculate the rough channel estimation of each time slot DPCCH pilot tone and non-pilot symbol;
Each time slot DPCCH pilot tone and the rough channel estimation of non-pilot symbol and the DPCCH symbol in each footpath are done channel compensation;
Calculate by sliding window the precise channel carried out under general mode and high-speed mobile pattern to the DPCCH symbol after channel compensation to estimate.
Preferably, the described chip-level data transaction by DPCCH channel also comprises after becoming the step of sign level data:
To the process of DPCCH frequency pilot sign depolarization.
Preferably, described each time slot DPCCH pilot tone and the rough channel estimation of non-pilot symbol and the DPCCH symbol in each footpath are done the step of channel compensation after also comprise:
To the DPCCH symbol maximum-ratio combing process after channel compensation;
Hard decision and depolarization process are carried out to the DPCCH non-pilot symbol after maximum-ratio combing process.
Preferably, the step of the rough channel estimation of described calculating each time slot DPCCH pilot tone and non-pilot symbol comprises:
All frequency pilot signs of each time slot are done relevant arithmetic average, obtains the rough channel estimation of the DPCCH non-pilot symbol of current time slots;
Each time-multiplexed pilot symbol sum deduction current pilot symbol is done algorithm average, obtain the rough channel estimation of each frequency pilot sign.
Preferably, described all frequency pilot signs by each time slot do relevant arithmetic average, and the step obtaining the rough channel estimation of the DPCCH non-pilot symbol of current time slots comprises further:
The rough channel estimation of the DPCCH non-pilot symbol of current time slots is added with the rough channel estimation of the non-pilot symbol of N-1 time slot before do again average; Wherein N participates in the cumulative all timeslot numbers of channel estimating, and N is the natural number of 1-4.
The present invention also proposes channel estimating apparatus in a kind of Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) RAKE receiver, comprising:
Descrambling and de-spreading module, for carrying out descrambling and de-spreading process to the antenna data received, becomes sign level data by the chip-level data transaction of DPCCH channel;
Rough channel estimation module, for calculating the rough channel estimation of each time slot DPCCH pilot tone and non-pilot symbol;
Channel compensation block, for doing channel compensation by the rough channel estimation of each time slot DPCCH pilot tone and non-pilot symbol and the DPCCH symbol in each footpath;
Precise channel estimation module, estimates for calculating by sliding window the precise channel carried out under general mode and high-speed mobile pattern to the DPCCH symbol after channel compensation.
Preferably, described device also comprises:
Frequency pilot sign depolarization module, to the process of DPCCH frequency pilot sign depolarization after becoming sign level data for descrambling and de-spreading module by the chip-level data transaction of DPCCH channel.
Preferably, described device also comprises:
Maximum-ratio combing module, for the DPCCH symbol maximum-ratio combing process after channel compensation;
Non-pilot symbol depolarization module, for carrying out hard decision and depolarization process to the non-pilot symbol after maximum-ratio combing process.
Preferably, described rough channel estimation module comprises:
Non-pilot symbol rough channel estimation unit, for all frequency pilot signs of each time slot are done relevant arithmetic average, obtains the rough channel estimation of the DPCCH non-pilot symbol of current time slots;
Frequency pilot sign rough channel estimation unit, average for each time-multiplexed pilot symbol sum deduction current pilot symbol is done algorithm again, obtain the rough channel estimation of each frequency pilot sign.
Preferably, described non-pilot symbol rough channel estimation unit also for the rough channel estimation of the DPCCH non-pilot symbol by current time slots to be added with the rough channel estimation of the non-pilot symbol of N-1 time slot before do again average; Wherein N participates in the cumulative all timeslot numbers of channel estimating, and N is the natural number of 1-4.
Channel estimation methods and device in a kind of Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) RAKE receiver that the present invention proposes, by carrying out descrambling and de-spreading process successively to the antenna data received, frequency pilot sign depolarization, the rough channel estimation of pilot tone and non-pilot symbol, DPCCH channel compensation, MRC, non-pilot symbol hard decision, depolarization, DPCCH symbol precise channel is estimated, estimate with the precise channel of the BOOSTING user of high-speed data service under taking into account high-speed mobile environment, the performance requirement of RAKE receiver under the physical layer protocol of various version can be met, thus the channel degradation condition lower channel overcoming prior art existence is estimated truly to reflect the characteristic of channel, thus cause the error rate to increase, the shortcoming of penalty.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is channel estimation methods one embodiment schematic flow sheet in Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) RAKE receiver of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic flow sheet of the rough channel estimation calculating each time slot DPCCH pilot tone and non-pilot symbol in Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) RAKE receiver of the present invention in channel estimation methods one embodiment;
Fig. 3 is another embodiment schematic flow sheet of channel estimation methods in Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) RAKE receiver of the present invention;
Fig. 4 a is the rough channel estimation process schematic diagram of non-pilot symbol in another embodiment of channel estimation methods in Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) RAKE receiver of the present invention;
Fig. 4 b is that the precise channel in Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) RAKE receiver of the present invention in another embodiment of channel estimation methods under general mode estimates process schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 c is that the precise channel in Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) RAKE receiver of the present invention under another embodiment high speed Move Mode of channel estimation methods estimates process schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is channel estimating apparatus one example structure schematic diagram in Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) RAKE receiver of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of rough channel estimation module in channel estimating apparatus one embodiment in Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) RAKE receiver of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is another example structure schematic diagram of channel estimating apparatus in Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) RAKE receiver of the present invention.
In order to make technical scheme of the present invention clearly, understand, be described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Embodiment
Solution for embodiment of the invention is mainly by carrying out descrambling and de-spreading process successively to the antenna data received, frequency pilot sign depolarization, the rough channel estimation of pilot tone and non-pilot symbol, DPCCH channel compensation, MRC, non-pilot symbol hard decision, depolarization, DPCCH symbol precise channel is estimated, to improve precision of channel estimation in WCDMARAKE receiver.
As shown in Figure 1, one embodiment of the invention proposes channel estimation methods in a kind of Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) RAKE receiver, comprising:
Step S101, carries out descrambling and de-spreading process to the antenna data received, the chip-level data transaction of DPCCH channel is become sign level data;
RAKE receiver receives the data from antenna, and antenna data is chip-level data, when carrying out channel estimating to antenna data, first carries out descrambling and de-spreading process to antenna data, and the chip-level data transaction of DPCCH channel is become sign level data.
Step S102, calculates the rough channel estimation of each time slot DPCCH pilot tone and non-pilot symbol;
Each time slot only has the rough channel estimation value of a non-pilot symbol, and the rough channel estimation value of the frequency pilot sign that each time slot is different is different.First the rough channel estimation of each time slot DPCCH non-pilot symbol is calculated, then according to the rough channel estimation of the rough channel estimation value calculating DPCCH frequency pilot sign of the non-pilot symbol calculated.Its concrete computational process is:
The pilot number of each time slot is learnt by DPCCH time slot format (as shown in table 1 below), this pilot number is between 3 to 8, then all frequency pilot signs of each time slot are done relevant arithmetic average, obtain the rough channel estimation of current time slots DPCCH non-pilot symbol.For the BOOSTING user of high-speed data service, it is higher to the required precision of rough channel estimation, therefore need the rough channel estimation of the DPCCH non-pilot symbol of the current time slots calculated to be added with the rough channel estimation value of the non-pilot symbol of N-1 time slot before do again average, obtain the rough channel estimation value of the non-pilot symbol of comparatively accurate current time slots, wherein N participates in the cumulative all timeslot numbers of channel estimating, and N is the natural number of 1-4.
By by each time-multiplexed pilot symbol sum, deduct current pilot symbol and do algorithm more on average, the rough channel estimation of each frequency pilot sign can be obtained.
Table 1
Step S103, does channel compensation by each time slot DPCCH pilot tone and the rough channel estimation of non-pilot symbol and the DPCCH symbol in each footpath;
Step S104, calculates by sliding window the precise channel carried out under general mode and high-speed mobile pattern to the DPCCH symbol after channel compensation and estimates.
In this step, the precision of channel estimating is the symbol of Liang Ge unit, if under conventional environment and general mode, by current two symbols to be estimated, together with (N before 1-2)/2 symbols and afterwards (N 1-2)/2 symbols, altogether N 1the sliding window of DPCCH symbol after individual channel compensation is done sums on average, and the precise channel obtained under general mode is estimated; If under high-speed mobile environment and high-speed mobile pattern, by current two symbols to be estimated, together with (N before 2-2)/2 symbols and afterwards (N 2-2)/2 symbols, altogether N 2the sliding window of DPCCH symbol after individual channel compensation is done sums on average, and the precise channel obtained under high-speed mobile pattern is estimated.
Wherein N 1with N 2value see the following form shown in 2.
Table 2
As shown in Figure 2, step S102 comprises:
All frequency pilot signs of each time slot are done relevant arithmetic average by step S1021, obtain the rough channel estimation of the DPCCH non-pilot symbol of current time slots;
For the BOOSTING user of high-speed data service, it is higher to the required precision of rough channel estimation, then need the rough channel estimation of the DPCCH non-pilot symbol of the current time slots calculated to be added with the rough channel estimation value of the non-pilot symbol of N-1 time slot before do again average, obtain the rough channel estimation value of the non-pilot symbol of comparatively accurate current time slots, wherein N participates in the cumulative all timeslot numbers of channel estimating, and N is the natural number of 1-4.
Step S1022, does algorithm again by each time-multiplexed pilot symbol sum deduction current pilot symbol average, obtains the rough channel estimation of each frequency pilot sign.
As shown in Figure 3, another embodiment of the present invention proposes channel estimation methods in a kind of Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) RAKE receiver, comprising:
Step S301, carries out descrambling and de-spreading process to the antenna data received, the chip-level data transaction of DPCCH channel is become sign level data;
Step S302, to the process of DPCCH frequency pilot sign depolarization.
Step S303, calculates the rough channel estimation of each time slot DPCCH pilot tone and non-pilot symbol;
Step S304, does channel compensation by each time slot DPCCH pilot tone and the rough channel estimation of non-pilot symbol and the DPCCH symbol in each footpath;
Step S305, to the DPCCH symbol maximum-ratio combing process after channel compensation;
Step S306, carries out hard decision and depolarization process to the DPCCH non-pilot symbol after maximum-ratio combing process.
Step S307, calculates by sliding window the precise channel carried out under general mode and high-speed mobile pattern to the DPCCH symbol after depolarization and estimates.
Wherein, step S301, step S303, step S304 and step S307 are corresponding identical with the step S101 in above-described embodiment, step S102, step S103 and step S104, do not repeat them here.
In above-mentioned steps S302, in order to obtain better precision of channel estimation, before the rough channel estimation calculating each time slot DPCCH frequency pilot sign, depolarization process is carried out to DPCCH frequency pilot sign.
In above-mentioned steps S305 and step S306, in order to obtain better precision of channel estimation further, before precise channel estimation is carried out to DPCCH symbol, to the DPCCH symbol maximum-ratio combing process after channel compensation, and hard decision and depolarization process are carried out to the DPCCH non-pilot symbol after maximum-ratio combing process.
With instantiation, the present embodiment technical scheme is described in detail below.
As shown in Table 1, table 1 lists nine kinds of time slot format concrete structures, according to the DPCCH time slot format issued, learns the number (pilot number is between 3 to 8) of pilot tone in current time slots, TPC, TFCI and FBI symbol.
All frequency pilot signs of a time slot are done relevant arithmetic average, obtains the rough channel estimation of DPCCH non-pilot symbol, each time slot only has the rough channel estimation value of a non-pilot symbol.By following formulae discovery:
c np ( s , r ) = 1 N P ( s ) · ( Σ b C = 1 N P ( s ) x P ( b C , s , r ) ) 1)
In formula, c np(s, r) represents the non-pilot rough channel estimation in s time slot r article of footpath, N ps () represents the pilot number of s time slot, N ps () represents the pilot number of s time slot, x p(b c, s, r) and represent the b in s time slot r article of footpath cindividual frequency pilot sign, 1≤b c≤ N p(s).
Shown in Fig. 4 a, if the BOOSTING user of high-speed data service, higher to the required precision of rough channel estimation, need the rough channel estimation value of the non-pilot symbol of N number of time slot to be added and do that average (span of N is between 2 to 4 again, user data rate is higher, N is larger), obtain the rough channel estimation value of the non-pilot symbol of current time slots.
By by each time-multiplexed pilot symbol sum, it is average that deduction current pilot symbol does algorithm again, and can obtain the rough channel estimation of each frequency pilot sign, the rough channel estimation value of the frequency pilot sign that each time slot is different is also different.As shown in the formula:
c p ( x , s , r ) = 1 N P ( s ) · ( Σ b C = 1 N P ( s ) x P ( b C , s , r ) - x P ( x , s , r ) ) 2)
In formula, c p(x, s, r) represents the rough channel estimation of an xth frequency pilot sign in s time slot r article of footpath, 1≤x≤N p(s).
The DPCCH symbol in DPCCH pilot tone and non-pilot rough channel estimation and each footpath is done channel compensation, MRC.Then according to time slot format, hard decision is done to non-pilot symbol, as shown in the formula:
x T ( b C , s , r ) = sgn ( Σ r = 1 N R Im ( x nP ( b C , s , r ) · c np * ( s , r ) ) ) 3)
In formula, x t(b c, s, r) and represent the result of non-pilot symbol hard decision, x t(b c, s, r) and=-1or1, y=sgn (x) they are sign function, when x>=0, y=1; As x < 0, y=-1; Im () represents that getting imaginary part operates, because DPCCH is mapped on Q road; N rrepresent the number in footpath.
Then according to hard decision result to non-pilot symbol depolarization, as shown in the formula:
x M(b C，s，r)＝x T(b C，s，r)*x np(b C，s，r)4)
In formula, x m(b c, s, r) and represent the DPCCH symbol of depolarization.
As shown in Figure 4 b, for the precise channel of general mode estimates process chart.The precision of channel estimating is the symbol of Liang Ge unit, by current two symbols to be estimated, together with (N before 1-2)/2 symbols and afterwards (N 1-2)/2 symbols, altogether N 1the sliding window of DPCCH symbol of individual depolarization is done sums on average, obtains precise channel and estimates, wherein, and N 1the ginseng of choosing of value sees the above table 2, for be less than 24 but close to 24 integer, with N in this example 1=22 is example.As shown in the formula:
c C ( b C , s , r ) = 1 N 1 &CenterDot; ( &Sigma; k = [ ( b C + 1 ) / 2 ] * 2 + 21 - N 1 10 x M ( k , s - 1 , r ) + &Sigma; k = b C 10 x M ( k , s , r ) + &Sigma; k = 1 [ ( b C + 1 ) / 2 ] * 2 + 22 - N 1 x M ( k , s + 1 , r ) ) - - - 5 )
In formula, c c(b c, s, r) and represent the b in s time slot r article of footpath under general mode cthe precise channel of individual symbol is estimated, 1≤b c≤ 10.
Shown in Fig. 4 c, for the precise channel of high-speed mobile pattern estimates process chart.High-speed mobile pattern typically refers to UE speed and reaches more than 300km/h, and under high-speed mobile pattern, due to the impact of Doppler frequency shift frequency displacement, maximum integration lengths can change, and (integration lengths is in the normal mode N 1).Time migration degree Δ t 0, can be used for weighing the maximum integration lengths of NodeB receiver, be defined as follows:
&Delta; t 0 = 2.4048 2 &CenterDot; &pi; &CenterDot; f D 6)
In formula, f dthe Doppler frequency shift caused because of speed increase, Δ t 0relevant with the translational speed of user, translational speed is faster, Δ t 0less, its corresponding relation is as above shown in table 2.
Therefore, in high-speed mobile environment, Δ t 0n only has 1.04 time slots, i.e. 10.4 symbols, so can not be used 1individual symbol-slips gets the method for arithmetic average, here by the width of sliding window by N 1change N into 2, N 2for be less than 11 but close to 11 integer, with N in this example 2=10 is example.By current two symbols to be estimated, together with (N before 2-2)/2 symbols and afterwards (N 2-2)/2 symbols, altogether N 2the sliding window of DPCCH symbol of individual depolarization is done sums on average, obtains precise channel and estimates.As shown in the formula:
if 1 &le; b C < 5 , c C ( b C , s , r ) = 1 N 2 &CenterDot; ( &Sigma; k = [ ( b C + 1 ) / 2 ] * 2 + 15 - N 2 10 x M ( k , s - 1 , r ) + &Sigma; k = 1 [ ( b C + 1 ) / 2 ] * 2 + 14 - N 2 x M ( k , s , r ) ) 7)
if 5 &le; b C < 6 , c C ( b C , s , r ) = 1 N 2 &CenterDot; ( &Sigma; k = 1 20 - N 2 x M ( k , s , r ) ) 8)
if 6 &le; b C < 10 , c C ( b C , s , r ) = 1 N 2 &CenterDot; ( &Sigma; k = [ ( b C + 1 ) / 2 ] * 2 + 15 - N 2 10 x M ( k , s , r ) + &Sigma; k = 1 [ ( b C + 1 ) / 2 ] * 2 + 14 - N 2 x M ( k , s + 1 , r ) ) 9)
According to such scheme, be no matter the user of high-speed mobile environment or high-speed data service, the channel estimation value calculated all can meet the various performance requirements of RAKE receiver.
It should be noted that, rough channel estimation BOOSTING user accumulation time slots N, precise channel estimates maximum integration lengths N 1, N 2and channel compensation precision can value difference at different application scenarioss.
As shown in Figure 5, one embodiment of the invention proposes to believe estimation unit in a kind of Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) RAKE receiver, comprising: descrambling and de-spreading module 501, rough channel estimation module 502, channel compensation block 503 and precise channel estimation module 504, wherein:
Descrambling and de-spreading module 501, for carrying out descrambling and de-spreading process to the antenna data received, becomes sign level data by the chip-level data transaction of DPCCH channel;
RAKE receiver receives the data from antenna, antenna data is chip-level data, when carrying out channel estimating to antenna data, first carrying out descrambling and de-spreading process by descrambling and de-spreading module 501 pairs of antenna datas, the chip-level data transaction of DPCCH channel is become sign level data.
Rough channel estimation module 502, for calculating the rough channel estimation of each time slot DPCCH pilot tone and non-pilot symbol;
Each time slot only has the rough channel estimation value of a non-pilot symbol, and the rough channel estimation value of the frequency pilot sign that each time slot is different is different.First rough channel estimation module 502 calculates the rough channel estimation of each time slot DPCCH non-pilot symbol, then according to the rough channel estimation of the rough channel estimation value calculating DPCCH frequency pilot sign of the non-pilot symbol calculated.Its concrete computational process is:
The pilot number of each time slot is learnt by DPCCH time slot format (as shown in Table 1), this pilot number is between 3 to 8, then all frequency pilot signs of each time slot are done relevant arithmetic average, obtain the rough channel estimation of current time slots DPCCH non-pilot symbol.For the BOOSTING user of high-speed data service, it is higher to the required precision of rough channel estimation, therefore need the rough channel estimation of the DPCCH non-pilot symbol of the current time slots calculated to be added with the rough channel estimation value of the non-pilot symbol of N-1 time slot before and do average again, obtain the rough channel estimation value of the non-pilot symbol of comparatively accurate current time slots; Wherein N participates in the cumulative all timeslot numbers of channel estimating, and N is the natural number of 1-4.
By by each time-multiplexed pilot symbol sum, deduct current pilot symbol and do algorithm more on average, the rough channel estimation of each frequency pilot sign can be obtained.
Channel compensation block 503, for doing channel compensation by the rough channel estimation of each time slot DPCCH pilot tone and non-pilot symbol and the DPCCH symbol in each footpath;
Precise channel estimation module 504, estimates for calculating by sliding window the precise channel carried out under general mode and high-speed mobile pattern to the DPCCH symbol after channel compensation.
In the present embodiment, the precision of channel estimating is the symbol of Liang Ge unit, if under conventional environment and general mode, precise channel estimation module 504 by current two symbols to be estimated, together with (N before 1-2)/2 symbols and afterwards (N 1-2)/2 symbols, altogether N 1the sliding window of DPCCH symbol after individual channel compensation is done sums on average, and the precise channel obtained under general mode is estimated; If under high-speed mobile environment and high-speed mobile pattern, by current two symbols to be estimated, together with (N before 2-2)/2 symbols and afterwards (N 2-2)/2 symbols, altogether N 2the sliding window of DPCCH symbol after individual channel compensation is done sums on average, and the precise channel obtained under high-speed mobile pattern is estimated.
Wherein N 1with N 2value see the above table shown in 2.
As shown in Figure 6, rough channel estimation module 502 comprises: non-pilot symbol rough channel estimation unit 5021 and frequency pilot sign rough channel estimation unit 5022, wherein:
Non-pilot symbol rough channel estimation unit 5021, for all frequency pilot signs of each time slot are done relevant arithmetic average, obtains the rough channel estimation of the DPCCH non-pilot symbol of current time slots;
For the BOOSTING user of high-speed data service, it is higher to the required precision of rough channel estimation, therefore, non-pilot symbol rough channel estimation unit 5021 needs the rough channel estimation of the DPCCH non-pilot symbol of the current time slots calculated to be added with the rough channel estimation value of the non-pilot symbol of N-1 time slot before and does average again, obtains the rough channel estimation value of the non-pilot symbol of comparatively accurate current time slots.
Frequency pilot sign rough channel estimation unit 5022, average for each time-multiplexed pilot symbol sum deduction current pilot symbol is done algorithm again, obtain the rough channel estimation of each frequency pilot sign.
As shown in Figure 7, another embodiment of the present invention proposes channel estimating apparatus in a kind of Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) RAKE receiver, comprise: descrambling and de-spreading module 701, frequency pilot sign depolarization module 702, rough channel estimation module 703, channel compensation block 704, maximum-ratio combing module 705, non-pilot symbol depolarization module 706 and precise channel estimation module 707, wherein: descrambling and de-spreading module 701, rough channel estimation module 703, channel compensation block 704 and precise channel estimation module 707 and the descrambling and de-spreading module 501 in above-described embodiment, rough channel estimation module 502, channel compensation block 503 and precise channel estimation module 504 functional structure correspondence identical, do not repeat them here.
In the present embodiment, frequency pilot sign depolarization module 702, is connected to descrambling and de-spreading module 701 output, for after the chip-level data transaction of DPCCH channel being become sign level data in descrambling and de-spreading module 701 to the process of DPCCH frequency pilot sign depolarization.
Maximum-ratio combing module 705, is connected to channel compensation block 704 output, for the DPCCH symbol maximum-ratio combing process after channel compensation;
Non-pilot symbol depolarization module 706, is connected to maximum-ratio combing module 705 output, for carrying out hard decision and depolarization process to the non-pilot symbol after maximum-ratio combing process.
Precise channel estimation module 707, estimates for calculating by sliding window the precise channel carried out under general mode and high-speed mobile pattern to the DPCCH symbol after depolarization.
In order to obtain better precision of channel estimation, the present embodiment, before the rough channel estimation calculating each time slot DPCCH frequency pilot sign, carries out depolarization process to DPCCH frequency pilot sign; Before precise channel estimation is carried out to DPCCH symbol, to the DPCCH symbol maximum-ratio combing process after channel compensation, and hard decision and depolarization process are carried out to the DPCCH non-pilot symbol after maximum-ratio combing process.
Channel estimation methods and device in embodiment of the present invention Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) RAKE receiver, by carrying out descrambling and de-spreading process successively to the antenna data received, frequency pilot sign depolarization, the rough channel estimation of pilot tone and non-pilot symbol, DPCCH channel compensation, MRC, non-pilot symbol hard decision, depolarization, DPCCH symbol precise channel is estimated, estimate with the precise channel of the BOOSTING user of high-speed data service under taking into account high-speed mobile environment, the performance requirement of RAKE receiver under the physical layer protocol of various version can be met, thus the channel degradation condition lower channel overcoming prior art existence is estimated truly to reflect the characteristic of channel, thus cause the error rate to increase, the shortcoming of penalty.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention; not thereby the scope of the claims of the present invention is limited; every utilize specification of the present invention and accompanying drawing content to do equivalent structure or flow process conversion; or be directly or indirectly used in other relevant technical field, be all in like manner included in scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a channel estimation methods in Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) RAKE receiver, is characterized in that, comprising:
Descrambling and de-spreading process is carried out to the antenna data received, the chip-level data transaction of DPCCH channel is become sign level data;
Calculate the rough channel estimation of each time slot DPCCH pilot tone and non-pilot symbol;
Each time slot DPCCH pilot tone and the rough channel estimation of non-pilot symbol and the DPCCH symbol in each footpath are done channel compensation;
Calculate by sliding window the precise channel carried out under general mode and high-speed mobile pattern to the DPCCH symbol after channel compensation to estimate;
The precision of channel estimating is the symbol of Liang Ge unit, in the normal mode, by current two symbols to be estimated, together with (N before 1-2)/2 symbols and afterwards (N 1-2)/2 symbols, altogether N 1the sliding window of DPCCH symbol after individual channel compensation is done sums on average, and the precise channel obtained under general mode is estimated, wherein N 1value be less than 24 integer; Under high-speed mobile pattern, by current two symbols to be estimated, together with (N before 2-2)/2 symbols and afterwards (N 2-2)/2 symbols, altogether N 2the sliding window of DPCCH symbol after individual channel compensation is done sums on average, and the precise channel obtained under high-speed mobile pattern is estimated, wherein N 2value be less than 11 integer.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the described chip-level data transaction by DPCCH channel also comprises after becoming the step of sign level data:
To the process of DPCCH frequency pilot sign depolarization.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described each time slot DPCCH pilot tone and the rough channel estimation of non-pilot symbol and the DPCCH symbol in each footpath are done the step of channel compensation after also comprise:
To the DPCCH symbol maximum-ratio combing process after channel compensation;
Hard decision and depolarization process are carried out to the DPCCH non-pilot symbol after maximum-ratio combing process.
4. the method according to any one of claim 1-3, is characterized in that, the step of the rough channel estimation of described calculating each time slot DPCCH pilot tone and non-pilot symbol comprises:
All frequency pilot signs of each time slot are done relevant arithmetic average, obtains the rough channel estimation of the DPCCH non-pilot symbol of current time slots;
Each time-multiplexed pilot symbol sum deduction current pilot symbol is done algorithm average, obtain the rough channel estimation of each frequency pilot sign.
5. method according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described all frequency pilot signs by each time slot do relevant arithmetic average, and the step obtaining the rough channel estimation of the DPCCH non-pilot symbol of current time slots comprises further:
The rough channel estimation of the DPCCH non-pilot symbol of current time slots is added with the rough channel estimation of the non-pilot symbol of N-1 time slot before do again average; Wherein N participates in the cumulative all timeslot numbers of channel estimating, and N is the natural number of 1-4.
6. a channel estimating apparatus in Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) RAKE receiver, is characterized in that, comprising:
Descrambling and de-spreading module, for carrying out descrambling and de-spreading process to the antenna data received, becomes sign level data by the chip-level data transaction of DPCCH channel;
Rough channel estimation module, for calculating the rough channel estimation of each time slot DPCCH pilot tone and non-pilot symbol;
Channel compensation block, for doing channel compensation by the rough channel estimation of each time slot DPCCH pilot tone and non-pilot symbol and the DPCCH symbol in each footpath;
Precise channel estimation module, estimates for calculating by sliding window the precise channel carried out under general mode and high-speed mobile pattern to the DPCCH symbol after channel compensation;
Described precise channel estimation module specifically for: in the normal mode, by current two symbols to be estimated, together with (N before 1-2)/2 symbols and afterwards (N 1-2)/2 symbols, altogether N 1the sliding window of DPCCH symbol after individual channel compensation is done sums on average, and the precise channel obtained under general mode is estimated, wherein N 1value be less than 24 integer; Under high-speed mobile pattern, by current two symbols to be estimated, together with (N before 2-2)/2 symbols and afterwards (N 2-2)/2 symbols, altogether N 2the sliding window of DPCCH symbol after individual channel compensation is done sums on average, and the precise channel obtained under high-speed mobile pattern is estimated, wherein N 2value be less than 11 integer.
7. device according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described device also comprises:
Frequency pilot sign depolarization module, to the process of DPCCH frequency pilot sign depolarization after becoming sign level data for descrambling and de-spreading module by the chip-level data transaction of DPCCH channel.
8. device according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described device also comprises:
Maximum-ratio combing module, for the DPCCH symbol maximum-ratio combing process after channel compensation;
Non-pilot symbol depolarization module, for carrying out hard decision and depolarization process to the non-pilot symbol after maximum-ratio combing process.
9. the device according to any one of claim 6-8, is characterized in that, described rough channel estimation module comprises:
Non-pilot symbol rough channel estimation unit, for all frequency pilot signs of each time slot are done relevant arithmetic average, obtains the rough channel estimation of the DPCCH non-pilot symbol of current time slots;
Frequency pilot sign rough channel estimation unit, average for each time-multiplexed pilot symbol sum deduction current pilot symbol is done algorithm again, obtain the rough channel estimation of each frequency pilot sign.
10. device according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, described non-pilot symbol rough channel estimation unit also for the rough channel estimation of the DPCCH non-pilot symbol by current time slots to be added with the rough channel estimation of the non-pilot symbol of N-1 time slot before do again average; Wherein N participates in the cumulative all timeslot numbers of channel estimating, and N is the natural number of 1-4.
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