The power management module of radio frequency energy supply portable set
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of power management module of radio frequency energy supply portable set, relate in particular to a kind of power management module that utilizes radio-frequency electrical energy to transmit to provide the portable electric appts of power supply.
Background technology
Recently, the development of wireless power transmission technology has offered the source of the power supply that portable set is new, and it saves cost, also more convenient and environmental protection than the scheme by the common batteries power supply.Portable electric appts: consumer as radio-frequency identification card (RFID tag), wireless mouse, the medical treatment class is as wireless ECG monitor (wireless ECG monitor), the artificial cochlea has reached the design of low-power consumption, and the application that the portable electric appts of these low-power consumption is more radio frequency powered provides wide space.
To the portable electric appts radio-frequency electrical energy, transmission can be divided into high frequency mode, hyperfrequency pattern, and microwave mode.
High frequency mode is based on the technology of high-frequency wireless signals delivery of electrical energy (as the signal frequency of 13.56MHz), utilizes the inductance coil (coil) of a pair of coupling to carry out transmitting energy by inductance coupling high, and operating distance is 5CM-10CM normally.
The hyperfrequency pattern is based on the technology of ultra-high frequency wireless signal delivery of electrical energy (as the signal frequency of 869MHz), utilizes antenna (as dipole antenna), by the electromagnetic radiation field transmitting energy.
Microwave mode is based on the technology of microwave wireless signal delivery of electrical energy (as the signal frequency of 2.45GHz), is also to utilize the electromagnetic radiation field of antenna to carry out transmitting energy, and hyperfrequency and microwave mode can be realized the operating distance of several meters.
Wireless power to portable electric appts, high frequency mode, the hyperfrequency pattern, and microwave mode combines the multiband RF delivery of electrical energy of realizing wide frequency ranges and can reach the most flexibly apart from scheme, also can realize the mode of optimum radio frequency energy supply.Therefore, a development trend of radio frequency energy supply portable electric appts is to want integrated high frequency receiving mode, hyperfrequency receiving mode, and microwave receiving pattern.Realize the radio-frequency electrical energy receiving ability of the multiband of wide frequency ranges, its technological difficulties be the power management module of portable set want can be real-time judge best electric energy receiving mode in above-mentioned three kinds of patterns, reach optimized power supplying efficiency.Such as, when portable set and corresponding electric energy transmitting terminal, when very near, power management module can also be selected the high-frequency electrical energy receiving mode by automatic decision.When portable electric appts and electric energy transmitting terminal have certain distance, power management module just can automatic decision and is selected hyperfrequency or microwave electric energy receiving mode.This just need to be at the mode selector of an intelligence of power management module indoor design, its function is that real-time detecting anyly in above-mentioned three kinds of receiving modes can produce maximum electric current and drive load, and selects this pattern to carry out the load circuit power supply to portable set.
Traditional voltage selector with the diode design can't be competent at the work of above-mentioned mode selector, because each diode has a PN junction forward conduction voltage (0.7V), and notice that the electric energy that hyperfrequency receiving mode and microwave receiving pattern receive in antenna end is usually all smaller, even the output voltage after the rear class voltage multiplying rectifier is still in relatively little amplitude, if again by also deducting a PN junction conducting voltage on the current path of mode selector, to probably cause power management module can't provide portable set required normal working voltage, also can introduce the waste of extra power consumption simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of power management module of radio frequency energy supply portable set, at mode selector of power management module indoor design, its function is that real-time detecting anyly in above-mentioned three kinds of receiving modes can produce maximum electric current and drive load, and selects this pattern to carry out the load circuit power supply to portable set.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of power management module of radio frequency energy supply portable set, comprise the multiband RF electric energy receiving circuit that the wide frequency ranges of electric energy is provided to load circuit, and described receiving circuit comprises:
High frequency receiving circuit, for receiving the high-frequency wireless signals electric energy;
The hyperfrequency receiving circuit, for receiving ultra-high frequency wireless signal electric energy;
The microwave receiving circuit, for receiving microwave wireless signal electric energy;
Also comprise mode selector in described power management module, three inputs of described mode selector connect respectively the output of described high frequency receiving circuit, hyperfrequency receiving circuit, microwave receiving circuit, the output of described mode selector is connected with load circuit, for select one described high-frequency wireless signals electric energy, ultra-high frequency wireless signal electric energy or microwave wireless signal electric energy are sent to load circuit.
Saidly select one, typically refer to by mode selector in three direct voltages that receive, select the highest voltage by voltage comparator, and only select the receiving mode of this ceiling voltage to drive load circuit, realize best power supplying efficiency.
As preferably, described high frequency receiving circuit comprises:
Coil inductance, with the rectifier that described coil inductance is connected, the anode of described rectifier is as output;
Described hyperfrequency receiving circuit comprises:
The first antenna, with the first voltage-doubler rectifier that described the first antenna is connected, the anode of described the first voltage-doubler rectifier is as output;
Described microwave receiving circuit comprises:
The second antenna, with the second voltage-doubler rectifier that described the second antenna is connected, the anode of described the second voltage-doubler rectifier is as output.
Described mode selector comprises:
The first controlable electric current, its input connects the output of described rectifier;
The second controlable electric current, its input connects the output of described the first voltage-doubler rectifier;
The 3rd controlable electric current, its input connects the output of described the second voltage-doubler rectifier;
The first sensing resistor, the one end connects the output of described the first controlable electric current, and its other end connects described load circuit;
The second sensing resistor, the one end connects the output of described the second controlable electric current, and its other end connects described load circuit;
The 3rd sensing electricity group, the one end connects the output of described the 3rd controlable electric current, and its other end connects described load circuit;
Control unit, its three inputs connect respectively the output of described the first controlable electric current, the second controlable electric current, the 3rd controlable electric current, and its three outputs connect respectively the control end of described the first controlable electric current, the second controlable electric current, the 3rd controlable electric current.
Further, described the first controlable electric current, the second controlable electric current, the 3rd controlable electric current is by a PMOS transistor, the 2nd PMOS transistor, the first nmos pass transistor forms, the transistorized source electrode of a described PMOS is as the input of this controlable electric current, grid connects the drain electrode of the transistorized drain electrode of the 2nd PMOS and the first nmos pass transistor, drain electrode connects the transistorized source electrode of the 2nd PMOS, and as the output of this controlable electric current, the grid of described the first nmos pass transistor connects the transistorized grid of the 2nd PMOS and as the control end of this controlable electric current, the source ground of described the first nmos pass transistor.
Technique scheme can realize with the CMOS technological design, the characteristics of this technical scheme are, according to described the first controlable electric current, the height of the control end level of the second controlable electric current or the 3rd controlable electric current switches a PMOS transistor as the conducting of MOS diode or as the conducting of MOS switching tube, another characteristics of this circuit be as the 2nd PMOS transistor of auxiliary MOS switch and the first nmos pass transistor not at this controlable electric current from the current path that is input to output, so the conducting resistance of its linear zone need not be very little, therefore the 2nd PMOS transistor can design by relative little transistor size ratio with the first nmos pass transistor, can economize corresponding integrated circuit diagram area.
As preferably, described rectifier is bridge full wave rectifier.
Further, described bridge full wave rectifier comprises:
Cross-linked PMOS transistor P41, PMOS transistor P42, the PMOS transistor P43 connected in MOS diode mode, PMOS transistor P44.
Positive and negative two parts of the input waveform of the radio frequency AC signal of input can be converted to same polarity, produce a direct voltage on its output filter capacitor, and this rectifier can well be operated in the high-frequency wireless signals frequency.
As preferably, described the first voltage-doubler rectifier or the second voltage-doubler rectifier comprise:
At least two full-wave rectifiers, at least described its input of full-wave rectifier is connected with corresponding the first antenna or the second antenna connects, the input of an at least described full-wave rectifier is connected with corresponding the first antenna with two multiplication of voltage electric capacity or the second antenna connects, after the output series connection of at least described two full-wave rectifiers as the output of circuit at the corresponding levels.
Further, described full-wave rectifier comprises:
Cross-linked PMOS transistor P51, PMOS transistor P52, cross-linked nmos pass transistor N51, nmos pass transistor N52 have formed the full-wave rectifier of differential driving.
This electric circuit constitute the one-level full-wave rectifier of differential driving, by what this full-wave rectifier of cascade with add multiplication of voltage electric capacity, just can realize times compression functions of similar charge pump, the radio frequency AC signal of input can produce a direct voltage in the positive level of its output filter capacitor through AC-to DC conversion and multiplication of voltage, and this voltage-doubler rectifier is usually operated at hyperfrequency or microwave wireless signal frequency.
As another kind of preferred version, between the output of described rectifier and the input of mode selector, connect the first switching circuit, second switch circuit, the link of described the first switching circuit and second switch circuit is through rechargeable battery ground connection, and the control end of described the first switching circuit, second switch circuit connects respectively two outputs of described mode selector.
By this scheme, control unit in mode selector is according to real-time environment, determine the first switching circuit, the operating state of second switch circuit, if open the first switching circuit, closing the second switch circuit only charges to rechargeable battery, if open the first switching circuit and second switch circuit simultaneously, the rectifier of high frequency receiving circuit can charge to rechargeable battery, also can power to load circuit, this depends on the demand of load circuit and the energy of the electric energy received, if the energy of the electric energy received a little less than, and the electric weight of rechargeable battery is more sufficient, can close the first switching circuit, open the second switch circuit, the ultra-high frequency wireless signal electric energy that in like manner mode selector also can receive according to the hyperfrequency receiving circuit, and the microwave wireless signal electric energy that the microwave receiving circuit receives is determined the best mode to the load circuit power supply in real time.So just, can greatly extend the stand-by time that portable set maintains by rechargeable battery, thereby extend the overall work time of this equipment.
The power management module of a kind of radio frequency energy supply of the present invention portable set, have the multiband RF electric energy receiving ability of wide frequency ranges that made portable electric appts possess, reached radio frequency energy supply the most flexibly apart from scheme.Its power management module can oneself optimize best electric energy receiving mode and carry out the bringing onto load power supply to institute, realizes the beneficial effect of optimum power supplying efficiency.The more important thing is that the mode selector in this power management module avoided the voltage loss on the selection path, make the hyperfrequency electric energy receive or microwave electric energy receiving mode can work in low pressure, also avoided the waste of power consumption.Simultaneously, for the portable electric appts of built-in rechargeable battery, application the present invention also can improve its stand-by time, thereby greatly extends the overall work time of this electronic equipment.
The accompanying drawing explanation
The electric theory diagram of the power management module that Fig. 1 is radio frequency energy supply portable set of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the electric theory diagram that the present invention includes concrete receiving circuit.
The electric theory diagram that Fig. 3 is mode selector of the present invention.
The electrical schematic diagram that Fig. 4 is bridge full wave rectifier of the present invention.
The electrical schematic diagram that Fig. 5 is voltage-doubler rectifier of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the electric theory diagram that the present invention contains rechargeable battery.
Embodiment
Now the present invention is further illustrated by reference to the accompanying drawings:
As shown in Figure 1, the power management module of radio frequency energy supply portable set of the present invention comprises high frequency receiving circuit 11, hyperfrequency receiving circuit 12, microwave receiving circuit 13, mode selector 2, load circuit 3, the output of high frequency receiving circuit 11, hyperfrequency receiving circuit 12, microwave receiving circuit 13 is the input of connection mode selector 2 respectively, the output of mode selector 2 connects load circuit 3, and mode selector 2 has the arbitrary circuit in gating high frequency receiving circuit 11, hyperfrequency receiving circuit 12 or the microwave receiving circuit 13 of selecting one.
As shown in Figure 2, high frequency receiving circuit 11 comprises: coil inductance 111, and with the rectifier that coil inductance 111 is connected, the anode of rectifier is as output, negativing ending grounding; Hyperfrequency receiving circuit 12 comprises: the first antenna 121, and with the first voltage-doubler rectifier that the first antenna 121 is connected, the anode of the first voltage-doubler rectifier is as output, negativing ending grounding; Microwave receiving circuit 13 comprises: the second antenna 131, with the second voltage-doubler rectifier that the second antenna 131 is connected, the anode of the second voltage-doubler rectifier is as output, negativing ending grounding, other same Fig. 1.
As shown in Figure 3, mode selector 2 comprises: the first controlable electric current 21, and its input IN21 connects the output of rectifier; The second controlable electric current 22, its input IN22 connects the output of the first voltage-doubler rectifier; The 3rd controlable electric current 23, its input IN23 connects the output of the second voltage-doubler rectifier; The first sensing resistor R21, the one end connects the output of the first controlable electric current 21, and its other end connects load circuit 3; The second sensing resistor R22, the one end connects the output of the second controlable electric current 22, and its other end connects load circuit 3; The 3rd sensing electricity group R23, the one end connects the output of the 3rd controlable electric current 23, and its other end connects load circuit 3; Control unit, its three inputs connect respectively the output of the first controlable electric current 21, the second controlable electric current 22, the 3rd controlable electric current 23, and its three outputs connect respectively described the first controlable electric current 21, the second controlable electric current 22, control end S1, the control end S2 of the 3rd controlable electric current 23, control end S3.The first controlable electric current 21, the second controlable electric current 22, the three controlable electric current 23 circuit theories are identical, and first controlable electric current 21 of now take is example, a PMOS transistor P1, the 2nd PMOS transistor P2, the first nmos pass transistor N1, consists of.The source electrode of the one PMOS transistor P1 is as the input IN21 of this controlable electric current, grid connects the drain electrode of the 2nd PMOS transistor P2 and the drain electrode of the first nmos pass transistor N1, drain electrode connects the source electrode of the 2nd PMOS transistor P2, and as the output of this controlable electric current, the grid of the first nmos pass transistor N1 connects the grid of the 2nd PMOS transistor P2 and as the control end of this controlable electric current, the source ground of the first nmos pass transistor N1.
In the second controlable electric current 22, with a PMOS transistor P21, replace a PMOS transistor P1, the 2nd PMOS transistor P22 replaces the 2nd PMOS transistor P2, and the first nmos pass transistor N21 replaces the first nmos pass transistor N1 to get final product, and other circuit theories are identical.
In the 3rd controlable electric current 23, with a PMOS transistor P31, replace a PMOS transistor P1, the 2nd PMOS transistor P32 replaces the 2nd PMOS transistor P2, and the first nmos pass transistor N31 replaces the first nmos pass transistor N1 to get final product, and other circuit theories are identical.
In initial condition, control unit output S1, S2, S3 are " 0 ", so the first controlable electric current 21, the second controlable electric current 22, and the 2nd PMOS transistor P2 in the 3rd controlable electric current 23, P22, P32 is conducting, the first nmos pass transistor N1, N21, N31 ends, a PMOS transistor P1 now, P21, P31 works in MOS diode state, at this moment just be equivalent to three inputs in parallel, export all connected diode.In three controlable electric current input direct voltages, a maximum meeting is with this controlable electric current of mode fast conducting of MOS diode forward conducting, it drives the electric current maximum of load circuit, the conducting of this controlable electric current, can deduct the MOS diode forward conduction voltage drop amplitude of (being about the transistorized threshold voltage of an above-mentioned PMOS) to the output clamper of mode selector at described maximum input direct voltage, all the other two controlable electric currents do not have enough forward bias voltage to make its MOS diode forward conduction like this, and it drives the electric current of load circuit relatively very little.In described initial condition, mode selector has been selected the strongest input direct voltage of carrying load ability and has been driven load circuit, has namely selected the electric energy receiving circuit that produces this direct voltage.
At ensuing the second state, sensing resistor R21, sensing resistor R22, the pressure reduction at sensing resistor R23 two ends is transferred to control unit.The resistance of three sensing resistors can be very little but must be identical, and the size of pressure reduction can controlled unit very easily be identified, such as by simple comparison circuit.Described sensing resistor two ends pressure reduction maximum come from the above-mentioned controlable electric current with MOS diode forward conduction because the electric current maximum of its output.Like this, control unit just can be made as " 1 " by the control end that produces the controlable electric current of maximum differential pressure, make the 2nd PMOS transistor cut-off in this controlable electric current, the first nmos pass transistor conducting, the linear conducting state that now a PMOS transistor job is the MOS switch, and the MOS diode forward conduction voltage drop that initial condition produces just can be removed, the current path that this controlable electric current is input to its output has just realized that the path of loss falls in minute-pressure, has also possessed the effect that drives more efficiently load circuit.And the control end of all the other two controlable electric currents remains " 0 ", it still remains on the operating state of MOS diode.At described the second state, mode selector has been removed it and has been input to the MOS diode forward conduction voltage drop on the output current path, has strengthened the driving force of selected electric energy receiving circuit to load circuit.
As fully visible, by the first controlable electric current 21, the second controlable electric current 22, the 3rd controlable electric current 23 and its rear class sensing resistor R21, sensing resistor R22, sensing resistor R23, be equipped with a simple control unit, just can automatically in high-frequency electrical energy receiving mode, hyperfrequency electric energy receiving mode and microwave electric energy receiving mode, select coming load circuit 3 power supplies of the most efficient receiving mode.The more important thing is, when power management module selects the frequent receiving circuit of superelevation or microwave receiving circuit receiving mode to be effective receiving mode, the first voltage-doubler rectifier that it is relevant, the output dc voltage of the second voltage-doubler rectifier is smaller, and the characteristics that loss falls in the current path minute-pressure that is input to its output of above-mentioned controlable electric current can guarantee that the normal voltage supply to load circuit drives under low voltage conditions.
In like manner, the first controlable electric current 21, the second controlable electric current 22, the 3rd controlable electric current 23 and its rear class sensing resistor R21, sensing resistor R22, any one in sensing resistor R23 or two can carry out work according to above-mentioned operation principle, only need in control unit, do slight change and just can.
As shown in Figure 4, in high frequency receiving circuit 11, rectifier adopts bridge full wave rectifier, it comprises: cross-linked PMOS transistor P41, PMOS transistor P42, the PMOS transistor P43 connected in MOS diode mode, PMOS transistor P44, output Out4+, the two termination filter capacitor C4 of Out4-, input is In4+, In4-, be connected with inductance coil 111.
As shown in Figure 5, the first voltage-doubler rectifier is identical with the second voltage-doubler rectifier electricity principle, take one of them voltage-doubler rectifier as example, it is composed in series by the essentially identical full-wave rectifier 1221 of circuit structure and full-wave rectifier 1222, full-wave rectifier 1221 comprises: cross-linked PMOS transistor P51, PMOS transistor P52, cross-linked nmos pass transistor N51, nmos pass transistor N52 have formed the full-wave rectifier of differential driving.Full-wave rectifier 1222 comprises cross-linked PMOS transistor P511, PMOS transistor P521, and cross-linked nmos pass transistor N511, nmos pass transistor N521 reach the full-wave rectifier that two capacitor C 511 and capacitor C 521 have formed differential driving.Full-wave rectifier 1221 its differential input end In5+, In5-is connected with the first antenna 121, full-wave rectifier 1222 its differential input end In5+, In5-is connected with the first antenna 121 with multiplication of voltage capacitor C 521 through multiplication of voltage capacitor C 511, after the series connection of the output of two full-wave rectifiers as the output Out5+ of circuit at the corresponding levels, Out5-, two termination filter capacitor C5 of output.
As shown in Figure 6, the first switching circuit K61, second switch circuit K62 connect between the output of rectifier and the input of mode selector, the link of the first switching circuit K61 and second switch circuit K62 is through rechargeable battery E63 ground connection, the control end of the first switching circuit K61, second switch circuit K62 meets respectively two outputs of mode selector 3, other same Fig. 2.This circuit can meet ask for something and maintain the portable set (as wireless mouse) of longer stand-by time by rechargeable battery.