CN102608645B - Ray meter - Google Patents
Ray meter Download PDFInfo
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- CN102608645B CN102608645B CN201210059993.0A CN201210059993A CN102608645B CN 102608645 B CN102608645 B CN 102608645B CN 201210059993 A CN201210059993 A CN 201210059993A CN 102608645 B CN102608645 B CN 102608645B
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- drawer
- survey instrument
- housing
- mainboard
- shell
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Abstract
The invention discloses a ray meter, which comprises a shell, a probe, a mainboard and a battery holder. A dark box for containing a soil sample is fixed in the shell and comprises an non-transparent casing and a drawer arranged in the casing; the probe is fixed in the shell and comprises a crystal holder and a photomultiplier, the bottom of the crystal holder is communicated with the inside of the dark box, the periphery of the crystal holder is wrapped by the casing, and the photomultiplier is fixedly connected with the crystal holder; the mainboard is fixed in the shell and is connected with the photomultiplier to convert electric signals generated by the photomultiplier, so that radiation intensity of the soil sample is obtained; and the battery holder is connected with the mainboard and fixed in the shell. The ray meter can obtain a testing result in real time, and eliminates adverse effects of weather change to detection results of radioactive geophysical prospecting.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to radioactivity physical prospecting technical field, more particularly, relate to a kind of radionetric survey instrument.
Background technology
Radioactivity physical prospecting claims again " radioactivity survey ", it is the abbreviation of radioactivity earth physical prospecting, it is the physical property according to radioactive ray, utilize special instrument, as radiation gauge, emanometer etc., by measuring the transmitted intensity of radioelement or a kind of main geophysical prospecting method that the concentration of emanating is found radioactive occurrence, meanwhile, it is also the supplementary means in rare element, rare earth element and the multiple metallic element mineral deposit of searching and radioelement symbiosis.
Existing radioactivity physical prospecting method is for burying a glass mode, during the cup that is about to be equipped with test card is placed into the soil, wait for that 4 hours above so that the radioelement in soil reaches balance with the radioelement being penetrated on card, afterwards above-mentioned cup is taken out and measured the radiation intensity of above-mentioned test card, and then obtain the radiation intensity of soil.
In actual detection process, when being carried out to radioactivity physical prospecting, somewhere need test radiation intensity value the comprehensive radiation intensity value of analyzing each test point of the radioelement in a plurality of places, to obtain the result of detection of the radioactivity physical prospecting of this area.But, the measurement result of radiation intensity value is subject to the impact of extraneous Changes in weather larger, in above-mentioned mode of burying cup, in each test, bury glass operation all more than 4 hours, time span is large, affected seriously by weather condition, the consistance of the test environment of each test point is poor, causes the result of detection of the radioactivity physical prospecting of this area inaccurate.
In addition, above-mentioned burying in glass mode, buries glass operation all more than 4 hours, inefficiency in each test.
Also having,, easily there is the situation that cup is lost in above-mentioned burying in glass mode.
In sum, how providing a kind of and can immediately obtain test result, is those skilled in the art's problem demanding prompt solutions to eliminate Changes in weather to the adverse effect of the result of detection of radioactivity physical prospecting.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the invention provides and a kind ofly can immediately measure radionetric survey instrument to soil, to eliminate the adverse effect of Changes in weather to the result of detection of radioactivity physical prospecting.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides following technical scheme:
A radionetric survey instrument, comprising:
Shell;
Be fixed in described shell, for the magazine of splendid attire pedotheque, it comprises opaque housing and is arranged on the drawer in described housing;
Be fixed on the probe in described shell, it comprises that bottom communicates with the inside of described magazine, and the coated crystal cup of housing and the photomultiplier being connected with described crystal cup described in outer periderm;
Be arranged in described shell, and be connected that with described photomultiplier the electric signal of its generation is carried out to conversion process, obtain the mainboard of the radiation intensity value of pedotheque; With
Be fixed in described shell the battery case being connected with described mainboard.
Preferably, in above-mentioned radionetric survey instrument, described mainboard comprises power elements, high pressure generator, and connected prime amplifier, discriminator and central processing unit successively, and wherein, described mainboard is connected with described battery case by described power elements; Described high pressure generator, described prime amplifier, described discriminator and described central processing unit are connected with described power elements respectively; Described high pressure generator is connected with described photomultiplier; On described central processing unit, be connected with storer, keyboard and data output serial ports.
Preferably, in above-mentioned radionetric survey instrument, described mainboard also comprises the main amplifier being connected with described power elements; Described discriminator is connected with described central processing unit by described main amplifier.
Preferably, in above-mentioned radionetric survey instrument, also comprise:
Be arranged on rotationally the gear on described housing;
Be fixed on the first tooth bar on described drawer, described the first tooth bar and the engagement of described gear; With
The active covering plate that can slide along the pull-out direction of described drawer, described active covering plate is arranged on described housing, and it and is fixed with the second tooth bar between described crystal cup and described drawer on it; Described the second tooth bar and the engagement of described gear; Described active covering plate is held corresponding with pulling out of described drawer, described crystal cup is corresponding with the other end of described drawer, and described in described active covering plate first end is close, pull out the end of end, its second end is corresponding near the end at described drawer middle part with described crystal cup; Described gear is corresponding near the end at described drawer middle part with described crystal cup.
Preferably, in above-mentioned radionetric survey instrument, described housing is provided with chute, and described active covering plate is arranged on described housing by described chute.
Preferably, in above-mentioned radionetric survey instrument, described the first tooth bar is arranged along the pull-out direction of described drawer.
Preferably, in above-mentioned radionetric survey instrument, described gear is positioned at the middle part of described drawer.
Preferably, in above-mentioned radionetric survey instrument, described in pull out end end be provided with handle cap.
Preferably, in above-mentioned radionetric survey instrument, position corresponding with described magazine on described shell is coated with black flannelette.
Preferably, in above-mentioned radionetric survey instrument, described housing is black housing.
Radionetric survey instrument provided by the invention comprises shell, magazine, probe, mainboard and battery case, and wherein, magazine, probe, mainboard and battery case are separately fixed in shell; Magazine comprises opaque housing and is arranged on the drawer in housing; Probe comprises crystal cup and the photomultiplier being fixedly connected with crystal cup, and the bottom of crystal cup communicates with the inside of above-mentioned magazine, and its outer periderm housing is coated; Mainboard is connected with above-mentioned photomultiplier by wire, and its electric signal that can produce above-mentioned photomultiplier carries out conversion process, and obtains the radiation intensity value of pedotheque; Battery case is connected with mainboard.During work, battery is placed in above-mentioned battery case and provides working current to be mainboard; After adopting sample collection instrument to remove the surface dust of upper soll layer, gather soil sample and make it to be Powdered; Above-mentioned Powdered soil sample is put into drawer and drawer is pushed to housing; Alpha ray in soil is mapped on crystal cup and by crystal cup and is converted into light signal; Above-mentioned light signal is converted to faint electric signal by photomultiplier; Mainboard receives above-said current signal and it is carried out processing to obtain the radiation intensity of sample accordingly.
Radionetric survey instrument provided by the invention is taked the mode of directly soil being tested, can immediately obtain the radiation intensity value of pedotheque, avoid the test process of different test points to carry out under different weather environments, eliminate the adverse effect of Changes in weather to the result of detection of radioactivity physical prospecting.
In addition, radionetric survey instrument provided by the invention can obtain the radiation intensity value of pedotheque immediately, has improved work efficiency, has avoided the situation that in prior art, cup is lost simultaneously.
Also have, radionetric survey instrument provided by the invention adopts battery that working current is provided, and has avoided use high-tension electricity, can adapt to the rugged surroundings in field, prevents that the phenomenons such as electric leakage from occurring, and avoids workman to come to harm.Meanwhile, radionetric survey instrument provided by the invention is simple in structure, easy and simple to handle, laborsaving, and production cost is low.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, to the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or description of the Prior Art be briefly described below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skills, do not paying under the prerequisite of creative work, can also obtain according to these accompanying drawings other accompanying drawing.
The structural representation of the radionetric survey instrument that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The structural representation of the mainboard that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The plan structure schematic diagram of the radionetric survey instrument that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
Wherein, in Fig. 1-Fig. 2:
Shell 101; Mainboard 102; Photomultiplier 103; Crystal cup 104; Drawer 105; Active covering plate 106; The second tooth bar 107; Gear 108; The first tooth bar 109; Housing 110; Battery case 111, flannelette 112.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Embodiment based in the present invention, those of ordinary skills, not making the every other embodiment obtaining under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of matching circuit for electronic tuning unit, so that adjacent frequency signal is suppressed better.
Refer to Fig. 1-Fig. 2, the radionetric survey instrument that the embodiment of the present invention provides comprises shell 101, magazine, probe, mainboard 102 and battery case 111, and wherein, magazine, probe, mainboard 102 and battery case 111 are all fixed in shell 101; Magazine is for splendid attire pedotheque, and it comprises drawer 105 and opaque housing 110, and drawer 105 is arranged in housing 110; Probe comprises crystal cup 104 and the photomultiplier 103 being fixedly connected with crystal cup 104, and the bottom of crystal cup 104 communicates with the inside of above-mentioned magazine, and the outer periderm housing 110 of crystal cup 104 is coated; Mainboard 102 is connected with above-mentioned photomultiplier 103 by wire, and its electric signal that can produce above-mentioned photomultiplier 103 carries out conversion process, and obtains the radiation intensity value of sample; Battery case 111 is connected with mainboard 102.
During radionetric survey instrument that the application embodiment of the present invention provides, battery is placed in above-mentioned battery case 111 and provides working current to be mainboard 102; After adopting sample collection instrument to remove the surface dust of upper soll layer, gather soil sample and make it to be Powdered; Above-mentioned Powdered soil sample is put into drawer 105 and drawer 105 is pushed to housing 110; Alpha ray in soil is mapped on crystal cup 104 and by crystal cup 104 and is converted into light signal; Above-mentioned light signal is converted to faint electric signal by photomultiplier 103; Mainboard 102 receives above-said current signal and it is carried out processing to obtain the radiation intensity of sample accordingly.The radionetric survey instrument that the embodiment of the present invention provides is taked the mode of directly soil being tested, can immediately obtain the radiation intensity value of pedotheque, avoid the test of different test points to carry out under different weather environments, eliminate the adverse effect of Changes in weather to the result of detection of radioactivity physical prospecting.
In addition, the radionetric survey instrument that the embodiment of the present invention provides can obtain the radiation intensity value of pedotheque immediately, has improved work efficiency, has avoided the situation that in prior art, cup is lost simultaneously.
Also have, the radionetric survey instrument that the embodiment of the present invention provides adopts battery that working current is provided, and has avoided use high-tension electricity, can adapt to the rugged surroundings in field, prevents that the phenomenons such as electric leakage from occurring, and avoids workman to come to harm.Meanwhile, the radionetric survey instrument that the embodiment of the present invention provides is simple in structure, easy and simple to handle, laborsaving, and production cost is low.
Concrete, in the radionetric survey instrument that above-described embodiment provides, as shown in Figure 2, mainboard 102 comprises power elements, high pressure generator, and connected prime amplifier, discriminator and central processing unit successively, and wherein, mainboard 102 is connected with battery case 111 by power elements; High pressure generator, prime amplifier, discriminator and central processing unit are connected with power elements respectively; High pressure generator is connected with photomultiplier 103; On central processing unit, be connected with storer, keyboard and data output serial ports.
During work, battery offers the power elements on mainboard 102 by power supply, and power elements is respectively high pressure generator, prime amplifier, discriminator and central processing unit suitable operating voltage is provided; High pressure generator is connected and thinks that it provides high-tension electricity with photomultiplier 103, and makes photomultiplier 103 that light signal is converted into faint electric signal; Photomultiplier 103 is sent to prime amplifier to amplify by above-mentioned faint electric signal; Signal after amplification is transferred into discriminator to screen effective electric signal; After being transferred into central processing unit, the above-mentioned effective electric signal filtering out counts, records and be sent to the processing of storer.After repeatedly testing, can export serial ports by data mainboard 102 is connected with other computing machine, and make the data in storer export to carry out the work such as subsequent analysis.
For further optimizing technique scheme, the mainboard 102 in the radionetric survey instrument that the embodiment of the present invention provides also comprises the main amplifier being connected with power elements, and as shown in Figure 2, above-mentioned discriminator is connected with central processing unit by this main amplifier.Mainboard 102 in the radionetric survey instrument that the embodiment of the present invention provides also comprises main amplifier, and it can carry out secondary amplification to electric signal, is convenient to central processing unit it is processed.The radionetric survey instrument that the embodiment of the present invention provides can make after prime amplifier amplifies still fainter electric signal again amplify, and is applicable to the soil that radiation intensity is less.
Concrete, in the radionetric survey instrument that above-described embodiment provides, also comprise gear 108, the first tooth bar 109 and active covering plate 106, wherein, gear 108 is arranged on housing 110 rotationally, and gear 108 is oppositely arranged with the end of crystal cup 104 near drawer 105 middle parts; The first tooth bar 109 is fixed on drawer 105, and 108 engagements of itself and gear; Active covering plate 106 can be arranged on along the pull-out direction of drawer 105 on housing 110 movably, and it and is fixed with the second tooth bar 107 with gear 108 engagement between crystal cup 104 and drawer 105 on it; Active covering plate 106 is held corresponding with pulling out of drawer 105, crystal cup 104 is corresponding with the other end of drawer 105, and the first end of active covering plate 106 is near above-mentioned end of pulling out end, and the second end of active covering plate 106 is corresponding near the end at magazine middle part with crystal cup 104.During work, pull drawer 105, the first tooth bar 109 driven gears 108 rotate to first direction, gear 108 makes the second tooth bar 107 to the opposite direction motion of the pull-out direction of drawer 105, and then active covering plate 106 moves so that the bottom surface of crystal cup 104 is covered gradually to the opposite direction of the pull-out direction of drawer 105; When drawer 105 pull out distance and the end face of crystal cup 104 bottoms along the same length of the pull-out direction of drawer 105 time, drawer 105 reaches standard-sized sheet, active covering plate 106 covers the end face of crystal cup 104 bottoms just simultaneously; Pack soil sample into drawer 105 rear promotion drawer 105 so that it is inner mobile to housing 110, the first tooth bar 109 driven gears 108 are to the counter-rotation of first direction, gear 108 makes the second tooth bar 107 to the opposite direction motion that pushes direction of drawer 105, and then active covering plate 106 moves so that expose gradually the bottom surface of crystal cup 104 to the opposite direction that pushes direction of drawer 105; Drawer 105 pushes the bottom surface of the rear crystal cup 104 of housing 110 completely and exposes completely, and crystal cup 104 is in the magazine that housing 110 and drawer 105 surround, and the ray in soil sample is mapped on crystal cup 104 and is converted to light signal.
The radionetric survey instrument that the embodiment of the present invention provides can make crystal cup 104 be covered when pulling out state at drawer 105, avoids extraneous light to see through crystal cup 104 and enters photomultiplier 103, eliminates the adverse effect that it causes soil radionetric survey result.
In the radionetric survey instrument that above-described embodiment provides, housing 110 is provided with chute, and active covering plate 106 is arranged on housing 110 by this chute.
Preferably, in the radionetric survey instrument that above-described embodiment provides, the first tooth bar 109 is along the pull-out direction layout of drawer 105, and the second tooth bar 107 is arranged along the pull-out direction of drawer 105, and meanwhile, the axis of gear 108 is perpendicular to the pull-out direction of drawer 105.
In the radionetric survey instrument that above-described embodiment provides, gear 108 is positioned at the middle part of drawer 105, and the length of the pull-out direction along drawer 105 of active covering plate 106 is slightly larger than half of drawer 105 length in the direction.
In the radionetric survey instrument that above-described embodiment provides, the end of pulling out end of drawer 105 is provided with handle cap.Above-mentioned end of pulling out end is provided with the handlebar that reaches drawer 105 outsides, and above-mentioned handle cap is fixed by a pin to the end of above-mentioned handlebar, and the annexation embodiment of the present invention of concrete handle cap and handlebar is not construed as limiting.
Concrete, in the radionetric survey instrument that above-described embodiment provides, housing 110 is black housing, it can absorb visible ray, while preventing that drawer 105 from pulling out, the extraneous light that is irradiated to housing 110 inside surfaces is radiated to that crystal cup 104 is laggard enters photomultiplier, improves the accuracy of radionetric survey instrument to the measurement result of soil ray, meanwhile, be beneficial to the serviceable life that extends photomultiplier 103.
In the radionetric survey instrument that above-described embodiment provides, the model of photomultiplier 103 is GDB-526.
Concrete, in the radionetric survey instrument that above-described embodiment provides, on shell 101, the position corresponding with magazine is coated with the flannelette 112 of black, can prevent that extraneous light is by avoiding the gap between drawer 105 and shell 101 enter magazine inside and enter photomultiplier 103 through crystal cup 104.
In this instructions, each embodiment adopts the mode of going forward one by one to describe, and each embodiment stresses is the difference with other embodiment, between each embodiment identical similar part mutually referring to.
Above-mentioned explanation to the disclosed embodiments, makes professional and technical personnel in the field can realize or use the present invention.To the multiple modification of these embodiment, will be apparent for those skilled in the art, General Principle as defined herein can, in the situation that not departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention, realize in other embodiments.Therefore, the present invention will can not be restricted to these embodiment shown in this article, but will meet the widest scope consistent with principle disclosed herein and features of novelty.
Claims (9)
1. a radionetric survey instrument, is characterized in that, comprising:
Shell (101);
Be fixed in described shell (101), for the magazine of splendid attire pedotheque, it comprises opaque housing (110) and is arranged on the drawer (105) in described housing (110);
Be fixed on the probe in described shell (101), it comprises that bottom communicates with the inside of described magazine, and the coated crystal cup (104) of housing (110) and the photomultiplier (103) being connected with described crystal cup (104) described in outer periderm;
Be arranged in described shell (101), and be connected that with described photomultiplier (103) electric signal of its generation is carried out to conversion process, obtain the mainboard (102) of the radiation intensity value of pedotheque; With
Be fixed in described shell (101) battery case (111) being connected with described mainboard (102);
Also comprise:
Be arranged on rotationally the gear (108) on described housing (110);
Be fixed on the first tooth bar (109) on described drawer (105), described the first tooth bar (109) and described gear (108) engagement; With
The active covering plate (106) that can slide along the pull-out direction of described drawer (105), described active covering plate (106) is arranged on described housing (110), it is positioned between described crystal cup (104) and described drawer (105), and on it, is fixed with the second tooth bar (107); Described the second tooth bar (107) and described gear (108) engagement; Described active covering plate (106) is held corresponding with pulling out of described drawer (105), described crystal cup (104) is corresponding with the other end of described drawer (105), and described in described active covering plate (106) first end is close, pull out the end of end, its second end is corresponding near the end at described drawer (105) middle part with described crystal cup (104); Described gear (108) is corresponding near the end at described drawer (105) middle part with described crystal cup (104).
2. radionetric survey instrument according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described mainboard (102) comprises power elements, high pressure generator, and connected prime amplifier, discriminator and central processing unit successively, wherein, described mainboard (102) is connected with described battery case (111) by described power elements; Described high pressure generator, described prime amplifier, described discriminator and described central processing unit are connected with described power elements respectively; Described high pressure generator is connected with described photomultiplier (103); On described central processing unit, be connected with storer, keyboard and data output serial ports.
3. radionetric survey instrument according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described mainboard (102) also comprises the main amplifier being connected with described power elements; Described discriminator is connected with described central processing unit by described main amplifier.
4. radionetric survey instrument according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described housing (110) is provided with chute, and described active covering plate (106) is arranged on described housing (110) by described chute.
5. radionetric survey instrument according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described the first tooth bar (109) is arranged along the pull-out direction of described drawer (105).
6. radionetric survey instrument according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described gear (108) is positioned at the middle part of described drawer (105).
7. radionetric survey instrument according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described in pull out end end be provided with handle cap.
8. according to the radionetric survey instrument described in claim 1-7 any one, it is characterized in that, the upper position corresponding with described magazine of described shell (101) is coated with black flannelette (112).
9. radionetric survey instrument according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described housing (110) is black housing.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210059993.0A CN102608645B (en) | 2012-03-08 | 2012-03-08 | Ray meter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210059993.0A CN102608645B (en) | 2012-03-08 | 2012-03-08 | Ray meter |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102608645A CN102608645A (en) | 2012-07-25 |
| CN102608645B true CN102608645B (en) | 2014-03-26 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210059993.0A Expired - Fee Related CN102608645B (en) | 2012-03-08 | 2012-03-08 | Ray meter |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN102608645B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109901212B (en) * | 2019-01-01 | 2023-05-26 | 中国人民解放军63653部队 | Platform system for radionuclide scanning measurement and decontamination |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2372696Y (en) * | 1999-04-19 | 2000-04-05 | 中国地质大学（北京） | Detector for measuring stone radioactivity |
| CN2906778Y (en) * | 2006-04-06 | 2007-05-30 | 张翀 | Real-time radioactive radiation monitoring system and its portable remote positioning radiation measurer |
| CN101019041A (en) * | 2005-01-21 | 2007-08-15 | 独立行政法人放射线医学综合研究所 | Detector for radiation directivity, and method and device for monitoring radiations |
| JP4184910B2 (en) * | 2003-09-22 | 2008-11-19 | 日立Ｇｅニュークリア・エナジー株式会社 | Leak detection method |
| CN201378438Y (en) * | 2009-03-04 | 2010-01-06 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | Gamma ray measurement detector for detecting <235>U enrichment and uniformity of <252>Cf neutron-activated nuclear rods |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6161080A (en) * | 1984-08-31 | 1986-03-28 | Toshiba Corp | Radiation monitor device |
| JPH06161080A (en) * | 1992-11-25 | 1994-06-07 | Konica Corp | Automatic developing machine for silver halide photographic sensitive material |
-
2012
- 2012-03-08 CN CN201210059993.0A patent/CN102608645B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2372696Y (en) * | 1999-04-19 | 2000-04-05 | 中国地质大学（北京） | Detector for measuring stone radioactivity |
| JP4184910B2 (en) * | 2003-09-22 | 2008-11-19 | 日立Ｇｅニュークリア・エナジー株式会社 | Leak detection method |
| CN101019041A (en) * | 2005-01-21 | 2007-08-15 | 独立行政法人放射线医学综合研究所 | Detector for radiation directivity, and method and device for monitoring radiations |
| CN2906778Y (en) * | 2006-04-06 | 2007-05-30 | 张翀 | Real-time radioactive radiation monitoring system and its portable remote positioning radiation measurer |
| CN201378438Y (en) * | 2009-03-04 | 2010-01-06 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | Gamma ray measurement detector for detecting <235>U enrichment and uniformity of <252>Cf neutron-activated nuclear rods |
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| CN102608645A (en) | 2012-07-25 |
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