A kind of structure test specimen three-dimensional load fatigue experimental device of loading synchronously that is used for
Technical field
The present invention relates to structure three-dimensional fatigue experiment and load frock, is a kind of fatigue experimental device that structure three-dimensional load loads synchronously that is used for specifically, and three directions are respectively transverse curvature, vertically compression and circumferentially compression, belong to experimental facilities, experimental assembly field.
Background technology
Welded steel structure is widely used at most industrial circle such as Aero-Space, machinery, electric power, chemical industry, skyscraper, oceanographic engineering.The importance of fatigue problem constantly increases in the structure, so the torture test technology under the multidirectional cyclic loading effect of typical structure has important effect.
At present, very ripe to unidirectional tired actuator and control system thereof both at home and abroad, so, can accomplish complicated multidirectional synchronous loading fatigue test through using unidirectional tired actuator commonly used as long as the rational three-dimensional loading fatigue test frock of a cover is arranged.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is to propose a kind of fatigue experimental device that structure test specimen three-dimensional load loads simultaneously that is used for to the deficiency of above-mentioned prior art
,To welding piece apply simultaneously two to pressure load and to bending load.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme that is adopted: a kind ofly be used for the fatigue experimental device that structure test specimen three-dimensional load loads simultaneously; Comprise the base supports frame; In order to be fixedly connected with ground; It is characterized in that also including cover horizontal force application apparatus and a horizontal clamping device, a vertical force application apparatus of cover and vertical micromatic setting, a circumferential force application apparatus of cover and the horizontal rolling composite set of two covers up and down, three direction force application apparatus are all accomplished applying specimen test power through unidirectional tired actuator commonly used;
Described horizontal force application apparatus comprises horizontal application of force actuator and horizontal application of force connector; The horizontal application of force connects first end and is connected with horizontal application of force actuator; The other end is used for directly contacting with test specimen; An end that wherein contacts with test specimen is circular-arc, is linear load to reach the transverse test power that test specimen is applied; Laterally clamping device includes two pairs of horizontal clamping bearings; Laterally the clamping bearing is fixed on the horizontal specific clamping plate of base supports frame; Horizontal specific clamping plate are welded in respectively on the T section bar panel on the base supports frame by two groups of steel plates that have U type groove up and down to be formed; Two pairs of horizontal clamping bearings successively penetrate from U type groove; And with the bolt at bearing two ends; Described two pairs of horizontal clamping bearings carry out clamping in transverse test line of force symmetria bilateralis position to test specimen, with the transversal displacement at restriction test specimen bite position, and test power and the three-point bending of horizontal clamping bearing that horizontal application of force connector applies the test specimen mid point at the limiting displacement formation test specimen at test specimen two ends;
Described vertical force application apparatus includes vertical application of force actuator and two vertical application of force connectors; One end of one of them vertical application of force connector is connected with vertical application of force actuator; The other end and test specimen one end in contact, another vertical application of force connect first end and are connected with vertical micromatic setting, and the other end contacts with the test specimen other end; Wherein vertical both ends of test specimen are the cylindrical arcuation; Vertically the surface of contact of application of force connector and test specimen is circular-arc in being, is that line contacts to guarantee vertical application of force connector and test specimen, when vertically application of force actuator applies test power to test specimen; Vertically the ground surface end that is fixed in of micromatic setting produces support reaction, applies the test pressure of center line longitudinally with vertical two ends of accomplishing test specimen;
Described circumferential force application apparatus includes circumferential application of force actuator; Described horizontal rolling composite set; It includes tourelle pedestal, tourelle contiguous block, tourelle clamping plate and tourelle roller bearing; Wherein the upper surface of the tourelle pedestal of the horizontal rolling composite set of top is connected with circumferential application of force actuator; The lower surface of the tourelle pedestal of the horizontal rolling composite set of below is connected with base supports frame upper surface, and the tourelle contiguous block is used for directly contacting with test specimen, and the tourelle roller bearing is fixed between tourelle pedestal and the tourelle contiguous block; To roll within the specific limits, the tourelle clamping plate are used for fixing tourelle contiguous block and tourelle pedestal.
Press such scheme; Described base supports frame also includes the horizontal micromatic setting of base supports frame; It is made up of a trapezoid block and two wedges; The cooperation adjustment base supports frame of two wedges through trapezoid block and trapezoid block both sides is along horizontal position, to reach vertical force application apparatus and circumferentially force application apparatus and the horizontal centering of test specimen.
Press such scheme; Described vertical micromatic setting includes inner splint, external splint, fixedly trapezoid block and movable trapezoid block; Inner splint is connected with vertical application of force connector, inside and outside clamping plate connect through bolt and inside and outside clamping plate between have a fixed gap, fixedly trapezoid block and movably trapezoid block between inside and outside clamping plate; Through the position of vertical application of force connector of promoting movable trapezoid block adjustment inner splint and being attached thereto, to accomplish vertical centering adjustment of test specimen.
Press such scheme; Described horizontal force application apparatus all is arranged horizontally with vertical force application apparatus; And the longitudinal centre line of its center line and test specimen is on same surface level; Laterally the center line of force application apparatus is vertical with the test specimen longitudinal centre line, and vertically the center line of force application apparatus and test specimen longitudinal centre line are on same straight line, and promptly laterally the center line of force application apparatus and vertical force application apparatus is orthogonal; Described circumferential force application apparatus is vertically arranged above test specimen; Circumferentially the center line of force application apparatus is perpendicular to the test specimen longitudinal centre line; And intersect at test specimen longitudinal centre line mid point, promptly laterally force application apparatus, vertical force application apparatus and circumferential force application apparatus are vertically arranged in twos each other.
Horizontal force application apparatus of the present invention is laterally exerted pressure to the vertical Mean section of test specimen place along test specimen; The horizontal clamping device that is positioned on the base supports frame carries out clamping at the test specimen two ends; With the lateral displacement of restriction bite, form test specimen along horizontal three-point bending with horizontal force application apparatus applied pressure; Vertically force application apparatus directly contacts with the vertical two ends of test specimen; Vertically apply test pressure along test specimen; Vertically micromatic setting is adjusted vertical centering of test specimen by controlling the contact-making surface position that contacts with the test specimen longitudinal end, reaches horizontal force application apparatus and is used on vertical intermediate cross-section of test specimen with the test masterpiece of circumferential force application apparatus to test specimen; Circumferentially force application apparatus is arranged vertically, and applies test pressure along the test specimen circumferential direction, and the composite set that laterally rolls is arranged between circumferential force application apparatus and the test specimen contact-making surface, the frictional force when reducing test piece deformation in the loading procedure between circumferential force application apparatus and the test specimen;
Base supports frame of the present invention; Be used for fixing horizontal clamping device and horizontal rolling composite set; Through the horizontal micromatic setting of base supports frame; The lateral attitude of adjustment base supports frame reaches vertical force application apparatus and is used on the horizontal midsection of test specimen with the test masterpiece of circumferential force application apparatus to test specimen;
Realize welding piece is applied the three-dimensional loading fatigue test of transverse curvature, vertical and circumferential compression test power by horizontal force application apparatus, vertical force application apparatus, circumferential force application apparatus and base supports frame.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: structure test specimen three-dimensional loading fatigue test frock of the present invention; Can carry out the three-dimensional loading fatigue test to the structure test specimen simultaneously; The simulated pressure container typical case welded structure stress characteristic of combination three-dimensional loading that bent more truly, its advantage is: install fairly simple, practical, easy to understand, be easy to realization; Because the load of different directions by different charger control, loads so can accomplish the non-interfering three-dimensional of all directions load value, and as long as loading equipemtn allows, can carry out three-dimensional disproportional loading fatigue test.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 frock schematic front view of the present invention;
Fig. 2 frock diagrammatic top view of the present invention;
Fig. 3 frock diagrammatic side view of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a base supports rack device front view of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a base supports rack device side view of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is a base supports rack device vertical view of the present invention;
Fig. 7 composite set front view that laterally rolls;
Fig. 8 composite set side view that laterally rolls;
Fig. 9 composite set vertical view that laterally rolls;
The horizontal clamping bearing of Figure 10 synoptic diagram;
Among the figure: 1, base supports frame, 2, horizontal application of force actuator, 3, horizontal clamping bearing, 4, horizontal application of force connector.5, vertical application of force actuator, 6, vertical application of force connector, 7, vertical micromatic setting, 8, circumferential application of force actuator; 9, the composite set that laterally rolls, 10, the tourelle pedestal, 11, the tourelle contiguous block, 12 tourelle clamping plate; 13, tourelle roller bearing, 14, the horizontal micromatic setting of base supports frame, 15, horizontal specific clamping plate, 16, inner splint; 17, external splint, 18, fixing trapezoid block, 19, movable trapezoid block.
Embodiment
Through embodiment and combine accompanying drawing that the present invention is done further description.
From accompanying drawing, can find out; The present invention is for structure test specimen three-dimensional fatigue experiment loads frock, comprises that mainly laterally the fatigue of (along the specimen thickness direction), vertical (along the test specimen length direction) and circumferential (along the specimen width direction) three directions loads force application apparatus and corresponding utility appliance thereof.
A kind ofly be used for the fatigue experimental device that structure test specimen three-dimensional load loads simultaneously; Comprise base supports frame 1; In order to be fixedly connected with ground; Also include cover horizontal force application apparatus and a horizontal clamping device, a vertical force application apparatus of cover and vertical micromatic setting 7, a circumferential force application apparatus of cover and up and down 9, three direction force application apparatus of the two horizontal rolling composite sets of cover all accomplish applying to specimen test power through unidirectional tired actuator commonly used;
Laterally force application apparatus comprises horizontal application of force actuator 2 and horizontal application of force connector 4; Laterally application of force connector 4 one ends are connected with horizontal application of force actuator 2; The other end is used for directly contacting with test specimen; An end that wherein contacts with test specimen is circular-arc, is linear load to reach the transverse test power that test specimen is applied
Laterally clamping device includes two pairs of horizontal clamping bearings 3; Laterally clamping bearing 3 is fixed on the horizontal specific clamping plate 15 of base supports frame 1; Horizontal specific clamping plate 15 are welded in respectively on the T section bar panel on the base supports frame by two groups of steel plates that have U type groove up and down to be formed; Two pairs of horizontal clamping bearings successively penetrate from U type groove; And with the bolt at bearing two ends; To the test specimen clamping, the transversal displacement at restriction test specimen bite position promptly limits direction and applies laterally that to test force direction consistent in transverse test line of force symmetria bilateralis position for the two pairs of horizontal clamping bearings; The single-point test power that 4 pairs of test specimen mid points of horizontal application of force connector of horizontal force application apparatus apply and the horizontal clamping bearing of horizontal clamping device are in the three-point bending of the limiting displacement formation test specimen at test specimen two ends, thereby imitation specimen receives the situation of transverse curvature loading;
As shown in Figure 2, the vertical force application apparatus of a cover and vertical micromatic setting 7 are arranged, vertically force application apparatus comprises vertical application of force actuator 5 and two vertical application of force connectors 6; Vertical application of force connector 6 one ends are connected with vertical application of force actuator 5, the vertical end in contact of an end and test specimen, and another vertical application of force connector 6 one ends are connected with vertical micromatic setting 7; One end contacts with the vertical other end of test specimen; Wherein the vertical both ends of test specimen are the cylindrical arcuation, and vertically the surface of contact of application of force connector 6 and test specimen is circular-arc in being, is that line contacts to guarantee vertical application of force connector 6 and test specimen; Vertically micromatic setting 7 one ends are connected with vertical application of force connector 6; One end is fixed, and when vertically 5 pairs of test specimens of application of force actuator applied test power, vertically the stiff end of micromatic setting 7 produced support reaction; To accomplish the vertical two ends of welding piece are applied the test pressure of center line longitudinally
Vertically micromatic setting 7 comprises inner splint 16, external splint 17, fixedly trapezoid block 18 and movable trapezoid block 19; External splint 17 is connected with stationary installation and is used for fixing a whole set of vertically micromatic setting; Inner splint 16 is connected with vertical application of force connector 6; Inside and outside clamping plate connect through bolt and inside and outside clamping plate between have a fixed gap; Fixedly trapezoid block 18 and movable trapezoid block 19 be between inside and outside clamping plate, through the position of vertical application of force connector 6 of promoting movable trapezoid block 19 adjustment inner splints 16 and being attached thereto, to accomplish vertical centering adjustment of test specimen;
As shown in Figure 3; The circumferential force application apparatus of one cover is arranged and two overlap horizontal rolling composite set up and down; Circumferentially force application apparatus is mainly circumferential application of force actuator 8, and vertical layout applies circumferential test power to test specimen; Horizontal rolling composite set 9 forms of two covers are identical up and down; Include tourelle pedestal 10, tourelle contiguous block 11, tourelle clamping plate 12 and tourelle roller bearing 13, the upper surface of the tourelle pedestal 10 of the horizontal rolling composite set of top is connected with circumferential application of force actuator 8, and the lower surface of the tourelle pedestal 10 of the horizontal rolling composite set of below is connected with base supports frame 1 upper surface; Tourelle contiguous block 11 directly contacts with test specimen; Tourelle roller bearing 13 is fixed between tourelle pedestal 10 and the tourelle contiguous block 11, can roll within the specific limits, and tourelle clamping plate 12 are used for fixing tourelle contiguous block 11 and tourelle pedestal 10; Composite set 9 is used between circumferential application of force actuator 8 and the test specimen so laterally roll, the friction force that between circumferential force application apparatus and the test specimen test is exerted an influence when reducing test piece deformation in the loading procedure;
A base supports frame 1 is arranged; Be connected with ground; Be used for fixing horizontal clamping bearing 3 and a horizontal rolling composite set 9, and comprise the horizontal micromatic setting 14 of base supports frame, it is made up of a trapezoid block and two wedges; The cooperation adjustment base supports frame of two wedges through trapezoid block and trapezoid block both sides is along horizontal position, to reach vertical force application apparatus and circumferentially force application apparatus and the horizontal centering of test specimen.Can realize the three-dimensional loading fatigue test of transverse curvature, longitudinal pressure and circumferential pressure to welding piece through the horizontal force application apparatus of design, vertical force application apparatus, circumferential force application apparatus, base supports frame and corresponding apparatus.
Laterally force application apparatus all is arranged horizontally with vertical force application apparatus; And the longitudinal centre line of its center line and test specimen is on same surface level; Laterally the center line of force application apparatus is vertical with the test specimen longitudinal centre line; Vertically the center line of force application apparatus and test specimen longitudinal centre line are on same straight line, and promptly laterally the center line of force application apparatus and vertical force application apparatus is orthogonal; Described circumferential force application apparatus is vertically arranged above test specimen; Circumferentially the center line of force application apparatus is perpendicular to the test specimen longitudinal centre line; And intersect at test specimen longitudinal centre line mid point, promptly laterally force application apparatus, vertical force application apparatus and circumferential force application apparatus are vertically arranged in twos each other.
The present invention is when assembling; Base supports frame 1 tentatively is connected (assembling is carried out the integral body fine setting after accomplishing again) by bolt with ground; Be used for fixing other devices, on the horizontal specific clamping plate 15 with horizontal clamping bearing 3 fixed pedestal bracing frames 1, test specimen is fixed between the clamping bearing; The lateral displacement of restriction test piece end; The horizontal rolling composite set 9 of one cover is fixed on base supports frame 1 upper surface, and tourelle contiguous block 11 vertically supports test specimen at vertical mid point of test specimen, shown in the frock sketch map; The longitudinal centre line mid point that should guarantee test specimen when arranging test specimen is on the center line of base supports frame 1; In addition; Because base supports frame 1 is of a size of determined value with horizontal clamping bearing 3; So accomplish after being connected and fixed of horizontal clamping device 3 and the fixing and base supports frame 1 of test specimen on base supports frame 1 and ground, can be the location that baseline carries out horizontal force application apparatus and vertical force application apparatus according to base supports frame center line and test specimen longitudinal centre line, two center lines are vertical each other; Horizontal application of force connector 4 is connected with horizontal application of force actuator 2; Center line (line at the vertical mid point of test specimen place) with base supports frame 1 is that baseline is located horizontal force application apparatus; Guarantee that horizontal force application apparatus (comprising horizontal application of force actuator 2 and horizontal application of force connector 2) is horizontally disposed, the center line of center line and base supports frame 1 is on same straight line, and laterally application of force connector 4 contacts with the vertical Mean section line of test specimen; The fixed lateral force application apparatus is used to apply the horizontal test power of test specimen; A vertical application of force connector 6 is connected with vertical application of force actuator 5; Another is connected with inner splint 16 in the micromatic setting 7; With the test specimen longitudinal centre line is that baseline is located vertical force application apparatus; Guarantee vertical force application apparatus (comprise vertical application of force actuator 5 with vertically application of force connector 6) with vertically micromatic setting 7 is horizontally disposed, center line and test specimen center line be on same straight line, vertical application of force connector 6 respectively with vertical two end in contact of test specimen; Fixing vertical force application apparatus and vertical micromatic setting 7 are used for test specimen is applied the power of testing longitudinally; The horizontal rolling composite set 9 of an other cover is connected with circumferential application of force actuator 8; Circumferentially actuator 8 is arranged vertically with horizontal rolling composite set 9; Article two, center line is on same straight line, and center line is crossed the center line of horizontal force application apparatus and the intersection point of the center line of vertical force application apparatus
Fixing circumferential force application apparatus and horizontal rolling composite set apply circumferential test power with horizontal tourelle acting in conjunction on the base supports frame to test specimen.Each is after force application apparatus is arranged completion; Finely tune with the horizontal micromatic setting 14 of base supports frame through regulating vertical micromatic setting 7; Eliminate the rigging error that produces in the assembling process, and also can reach testing requirements and make an experiment not changing under situation that other devices arrange through regulating the horizontal micromatic setting 14 of base supports frame for the test specimen of different-thickness.
Method of application of the present invention is following:
According to above embodiment; At first the base supports frame is fixed; Install respectively then laterally (along the specimen thickness direction), vertically (along the test specimen length direction) load force application apparatus and corresponding utility appliance thereof with the circumferential fatigue of (along the specimen width direction) three directions, after accomplish whole fatigue experimental device fine setting location, test specimen is installed and to the centering location adjusting of three directions of test specimen; The application of force actuator of three directions of adjustment; Make with test specimen to contact, check and carry out three-dimensional prestrain after errorless, can carry out the three-dimensional loading fatigue test as prestrain is all right.