CN102607016B - Boiler thermodynamic system and process by utilizing biomass particles as fuel and technology - Google Patents

Boiler thermodynamic system and process by utilizing biomass particles as fuel and technology Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102607016B
CN102607016B CN201210081903.8A CN201210081903A CN102607016B CN 102607016 B CN102607016 B CN 102607016B CN 201210081903 A CN201210081903 A CN 201210081903A CN 102607016 B CN102607016 B CN 102607016B
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China
Prior art keywords
boiler
combustion chamber
fuel
temperature
burning
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN201210081903.8A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN102607016A (en
Inventor
杨勇
韩永康
陈惠良
施罗丽
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Jinning Tengzhong New Energy Technology Co ltd
YUNNAN TENGZHONG NEW ENERGY TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
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YUNNAN TENGZHONG NEW ENERGY TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
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Abstract

The invention claims a boiler thermodynamic system and process by utilizing biomass particles as fuel. The system comprises a boiler body, an economizer, a tar processor, a bag-type dust collector, a draught fan and a feeding system; a combustor of the boiler body forms three combustors through a front arch and a rear arch; biomass forming fuel is filled into a first combustor of a gasifying direct-fired boiler; the negative pressure is kept at -20pa; the temperature is kept at 1200-1300 DEG C; combustible gas enters a second combustor to be gasified and combusted; the temperature is kept at 1000-1100 DEG C and the negative pressure is kept at -20Pa; biomass gas passes through a third combustor; the temperature of the third combustor can be up to 1300-1500 DEG C, so that hot air is formed; the hot air radiates a high-temperature heat pipe in the boiler to quickly heat the water. The tar and the pollutant are fully decomposed and combusted in the boiler, so that output volume of the nitric oxide is small, the tail gas is up to zero discharge, the heat loss is low and the thermal efficiency can be up to 89%.

Description

A kind of take biological particles as the technique of the boiler thermodynamic system of fuel
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of take biological particles as the technique of the boiler thermodynamic system of fuel.
Background technology
Existing boiler is generally use the forms such as fire coal, fuel oil, electrical heating to produce steam, fire coal, oil burning boiler are excessively strong to fossil fuel dependence, fossil fuel is the valuable source of the mankind, for the progress of human society plays a significant role, but fossil fuel is a kind of non-renewable resource, product after the burning of simultaneously fossil fuel can cause great pollution to environment, carbon dioxide as discharge is global warming, nitrogen oxide and the sulfur dioxide of discharge can form acid rain, acid rain can destroy building again, deforestation, polluted lake.The phenomenons such as existing fire coal, fuel oil and electric heating equipment all need a large amount of fossil fuels, particularly coal-burning boiler, and the ubiquity thermal efficiency is on the low side, and waste resource is serious; Oil burning boiler causes country to strengthen the dependence of oil; Electrically heated boiler use cost is too high, and most enterprises is difficult to bear.
Be oil burning boiler, coal-burning boiler and electric boiler be all rely on the one of fossil fuel, fossil fuel is a kind of non-renewable resource, and the present invention solves boiler to the dependence of fossil fuel.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of take biological particles as boiler thermodynamic system and the technique of fuel, and the cooperation of this system and technique makes that its fuel combustion is complete, the thermal efficiency is high, do not pollute environment.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: boiler thermodynamic system is made up of boiler body, economizer, tar processor, sack cleaner, air-introduced machine, feeding system, feeding system connects boiler body, economizer is placed in above boiler body, economizer connects tar processor by pipeline, tar processor is connected with sack cleaner, and sack cleaner is connected with air-introduced machine; Boiler body by drum and interior water screen tube thereof, in the combustion chamber of drum bottom, the traveling-grate stoker of bottom, combustion chamber forms, the built-in face arch in combustion chamber and rear arch.
Boiler body combustion chamber forms three combustion chambers by face arch and rear arch, process of the present invention is: the first combustion chamber biomass molding fuel being inserted gasification direct-fired furnace, raw material is by the rear arch temperature reflection igniter fuel of boiler, traveling-grate stoker moves forward uniformly, first combustion chamber is in micro-vacuum state burning, and negative pressure maintains-20pa, and temperature maintains 1200 ~ 1300 DEG C, volatile matter is separated out in a large number from living beings, and the first combustion chamber produces a large amount of CO after burning completely 2with water vapor gas, tar and other hydrocarbon, now the second combustion chamber is anaerobic condition, and fuel gas enters the second combustion chamber gasification, and combustion, and through the carbon-coating that the second combustion chamber is scorching hot, gas becomes containing CO, H 2, CH 4deng biomass gas, temperature maintains 1000 ~ 1100 DEG C, the second combustion chamber be in micro-vacuum state burning, negative pressure maintains-20pa; Under the effect of air-introduced machine, biomass gas is again through burning three Room, and add air by top and mend wind to burning three Room, oxygen is sufficient, CO, H 2, CH 4gas rapidly with coke co-fire, make the 3rd chamber temperature reach 1300 ~ 1500 DEG C, formation thermal current, is radiated by thermal current on the high-temperature heat pipe in boiler, is heated rapidly by water.
The present invention adopts descending recoverable three ultrahigh temperature combustions, burning maximum temperature 1500 DEG C.In same body of heater, complete gasification and burn and the overall process of heat exchange, structure is simply energy-efficient; Because high-temp combustion makes the combustible component burning in fuel complete, tar, pollutant obtain sufficient decomposition combustion in stove, effectively reduce the initial ejection of boiler, and nitrogen oxide discharge capacity is little, and tail gas reaches zero-emission, does not pollute environment.And quick heating, exhaust gas temperature is low, and heat loss is little, and the thermal efficiency reaches 89%.
The present invention adopts Lightweight chain furnace grate to realize mechanization burning, is furnished with air-introduced machine, carries out force ventilation.Biomass granule fuel sends into hopper through belt conveyor, fall on traveling-grate stoker from hopper and enter hearth combustion, the high-temperature flue gas that burning produces enters after drum heat exchange through furnace outlet, flue gas enters economizer through front smoke box top exit and completes UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN, economizer reduces exhaust gas temperature, improve boiler thermal output, after the low-temperature flue gas of economizer exit enters tar processor detar, enter sack cleaner dedusting, the clean tail gas after dedusting enters air through air-introduced machine forced ventilation to chimney.The lime-ash produced after fuel combustion is delivered to slag-removing hopper through traveling-grate stoker, transports recovery make fertilizer through slag remover or labor cleaning's pack.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is boiler thermodynamic system structural representation of the present invention.
In figure, 1-boiler body, 2-economizer, 3-tar processor, 4-sack cleaner, 5-air-introduced machine, 6-electrical control cubicles, 7-feeding system, 8-face arch, 9-rear arch, 10-water screen tube, 11-drum, 12-vapor outlet port, 13-traveling-grate stoker, 14-air compartment, 15-combustion chamber, A-first combustion chamber, B-second combustion chamber, C-the 3rd combustion chamber.
Detailed description of the invention
As shown in Figure 1, boiler thermodynamic system of the present invention is made up of horizontal steam boiler body 1, economizer 10, tar processor 3, sack cleaner 4, air-introduced machine 5, feeding system 7, electrical control cubicles 6, softened water tank 2 etc., feeding system 7 connects boiler body 1, economizer 2 is placed in above boiler body, economizer 2 connects tar processor 3 by pipeline, tar processor 3 is connected with sack cleaner 4, and sack cleaner 4 is connected with air-introduced machine 5.Boiler body 1 by drum 11 and interior water screen tube 10 thereof, in the combustion chamber 15 of drum bottom, the traveling-grate stoker 13 of bottom, combustion chamber forms, the built-in face arch 8 in combustion chamber and rear arch 9, form three combustion chambers, first, second, third combustion chamber A, B, C is air compartment 14 below traveling-grate stoker 13.Adopt Lightweight chain furnace grate to be furnished with air blast etc. and carry out force ventilation.
Boiler body combustion chamber forms three combustion chambers by face arch and rear arch, biomass molding fuel is inserted the first combustion chamber of gasification direct-fired furnace, raw material is by the rear arch temperature reflection igniter fuel of boiler, traveling-grate stoker moves forward uniformly, now support the volatile matter composition of the mainly raw material of burning, first combustion chamber is in micro-vacuum state burning, negative pressure maintains-20pa, now temperature maintains 1200 ~ 1300 DEG C, do not need supplementary air during the first Room burning, the first combustion chamber produces a large amount of CO after burning completely 2with gas, tar and other hydrocarbons such as steam, now the second combustion chamber is anaerobic condition, and fuel gas enters gasification combustion chamber (the second combustion chamber), and through the carbon-coating that the second combustion chamber is scorching hot, gas becomes containing CO, H 2, CH 4deng biomass gas, the second chamber temperature maintains 1000 ~ 1100 DEG C, the second combustion chamber be in micro-vacuum state burning, negative pressure maintains-20pa, does not still need supplementary air burning in the process; Under the effect of air-introduced machine, biomass gas is again through burning three Room, and add air by top and supplement air to burning three Room, oxygen is sufficient, CO, H 2, CH 4gas rapidly with coke co-fire, the 3rd chamber temperature reaches 1300 ~ 1500 DEG C, form thermal current, be radiated on the high-temperature heat pipe in boiler, heated rapidly by water by thermal current, in the 3rd Room burning, burner hearth is in a slight positive pressure state and burns.
During work, running water enter Na-ion exchanger carry out softening after enter softened water tank, boiler feed pump draws water from softened water tank and to feed water to boiler, enters after economizer preheating enter drum through exit of pump.Biomass granule fuel sends into hopper through belt conveyor, fall on traveling-grate stoker from hopper and enter hearth combustion, the high-temperature flue gas that burning produces, in flow of flue gas process, rely on the temperature difference of flue gas and water to carry out heat exchange and produce steam, the steam of generation enters economizer by boiler top through outlet and completes UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN.
The present invention adopts the utilization of the high-end electric-control system of host computer+PLC+ frequency conversion, allows you all can understand the operation conditions of current boiler in any corner, realize telemonitoring while safety electricity-saving, safe and reliable.

Claims (1)

1. being a technique for the boiler thermodynamic system of fuel with biological particles, it is characterized in that, is that the boiler thermodynamic system of fuel is made up of boiler body, economizer, tar processor, sack cleaner, air-introduced machine, feeding system with biological particles, feeding system connects boiler body, and economizer is placed in above boiler body, and economizer connects tar processor by pipeline, and tar processor is connected with sack cleaner, and sack cleaner is connected with air-introduced machine, boiler body is by drum and interior water screen tube thereof, in the combustion chamber of drum bottom, the traveling-grate stoker of bottom, combustion chamber is formed, the built-in face arch in combustion chamber and rear arch, boiler body combustion chamber forms three combustion chambers by face arch and rear arch, biomass molding fuel is inserted the first combustion chamber of gasification direct-fired furnace, raw material is by the rear arch temperature reflection igniter fuel of boiler, traveling-grate stoker moves forward uniformly, first combustion chamber is in micro-vacuum state burning, negative pressure maintains-20pa, temperature maintains 1200 ~ 1300 DEG C, volatile matter is separated out in a large number from living beings, first combustion chamber produces a large amount of CO2 and water vapor gas after burning completely, tar and other hydrocarbon, now the second combustion chamber is anaerobic condition, fuel gas enters the second combustion chamber gasification, and combustion, through the carbon-coating that the second combustion chamber is scorching hot, gas becomes containing CO, H2, the biomass gas of CH4 etc., temperature maintains 1000 ~ 1100 DEG C, second combustion chamber is in micro-vacuum state burning, negative pressure maintains-20pa, under the effect of air-introduced machine, biomass gas is again through burning three Room, add air by top and wind is mended to burning three Room, oxygen is sufficient, CO, H2, CH4 gas rapidly with coke co-fire, make the 3rd chamber temperature reach 1300 ~ 1500 DEG C, formation thermal current, be radiated by thermal current on the high-temperature heat pipe in boiler, water is heated rapidly.
CN201210081903.8A 2012-03-26 2012-03-26 Boiler thermodynamic system and process by utilizing biomass particles as fuel and technology Expired - Fee Related CN102607016B (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104654277B (en) * 2015-02-03 2017-01-04 杨俊栋 Chain and flight grate biological particles burning boiler
CN106861328B (en) * 2017-03-16 2019-04-09 广东正鹏生物质能源科技有限公司 A kind of biomass gasification fired device purification system

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2367558A (en) * 1942-10-12 1945-01-16 Badenhausen John Phillips Steam generator
US4497637A (en) * 1982-11-22 1985-02-05 Georgia Tech Research Institute Thermochemical conversion of biomass to syngas via an entrained pyrolysis/gasification process
CN201281347Y (en) * 2008-02-01 2009-07-29 上海开能新技术工程有限公司 Large-capacity prepositive rotating grate furnace refuse burning and generating set
CN201526955U (en) * 2009-09-24 2010-07-14 山东百川同创能源有限公司 Dedicated direct combustion boiler for biomass
CN201819202U (en) * 2010-09-30 2011-05-04 浙江圣普新能源科技有限公司 Chain traveling grate boiler capable of burning biomass briquette
US20110214593A1 (en) * 2010-03-05 2011-09-08 Prabir Kumar Roychoudhury Eco-friendly system and process for generating thermal energy from waste biomass
CN202105553U (en) * 2011-06-10 2012-01-11 云南腾众新能源科技有限公司 Integrated device for removing tar oil and dust in smoke of biomass fuel heat supply device
CN202532453U (en) * 2012-03-26 2012-11-14 云南腾众新能源科技有限公司 Boiler thermodynamic system taking biomass particles as fuels

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2367558A (en) * 1942-10-12 1945-01-16 Badenhausen John Phillips Steam generator
US4497637A (en) * 1982-11-22 1985-02-05 Georgia Tech Research Institute Thermochemical conversion of biomass to syngas via an entrained pyrolysis/gasification process
CN201281347Y (en) * 2008-02-01 2009-07-29 上海开能新技术工程有限公司 Large-capacity prepositive rotating grate furnace refuse burning and generating set
CN201526955U (en) * 2009-09-24 2010-07-14 山东百川同创能源有限公司 Dedicated direct combustion boiler for biomass
US20110214593A1 (en) * 2010-03-05 2011-09-08 Prabir Kumar Roychoudhury Eco-friendly system and process for generating thermal energy from waste biomass
CN201819202U (en) * 2010-09-30 2011-05-04 浙江圣普新能源科技有限公司 Chain traveling grate boiler capable of burning biomass briquette
CN202105553U (en) * 2011-06-10 2012-01-11 云南腾众新能源科技有限公司 Integrated device for removing tar oil and dust in smoke of biomass fuel heat supply device
CN202532453U (en) * 2012-03-26 2012-11-14 云南腾众新能源科技有限公司 Boiler thermodynamic system taking biomass particles as fuels

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Denomination of invention: Boiler thermodynamic system and process by utilizing biomass particles as fuel and technology

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Patentee after: YUNNAN TENGZHONG NEW ENERGY TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd.

Address before: 650000 comprehensive building in Yunnan province Kunming city high tech Zone Haiyuan Road No. 658 Yunnan biological technology innovation center room 603

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