CN102606675A

CN102606675A - Balance device of internal combustion engine

Info

Publication number: CN102606675A
Application number: CN2011100274050A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 朱譞晟
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2011-01-25
Filing date: 2011-01-25
Publication date: 2012-07-25

Abstract

The invention discloses a balance device of an internal combustion engine, which relates to balance technology of a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine. The ride comfort of an existing internal combustion engine, particularly a line four-cylinder internal combustion engine, is much poorer than that of a V-type internal combustion engine due to the fact that a quadratic term portion of vibration of movement of a piston of the existing internal combustion engine cannot be balanced. The balance device is characterized in that a counterweight with a certain mass is driven by a reciprocating control device to reciprocate, accordingly, more complicated vibration can be balanced, each cylinder of the internal combustion engine can be independently and dynamically balanced, fuel economy is improved, and Atkinson cycle internal combustion engine which cannot realize dynamic balance easily can be widely applied. The balance device can also be used for balancing more other types of vibration including vibration with varying vibration strength, varying vibration amplitude and varying vibration frequency, damping vibration and self-excited vibration, and can also be widely applied to vibration elimination in the mechanical field.

Description

The Equilibrator of internal-combustion engine

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of Equilibrator of internal-combustion engine, is a kind of balancing technique of internal-combustion reciprocating-pisto.The present invention can make quadratic term forced vibration and other any vibrations of complete equilibrium internal-combustion engine, comprises the vibration that becomes ocsillator strenght, amplitude and frequency.The self balancing of using the present invention can accomplish the single cylinder of internal-combustion engine makes the internal-combustion engine of cylinder still less can extensive use, and therefore reduces the fuel consume of internal-combustion engine.

Background technique

Usually no matter internal-combustion engine is in-line four cylinder or six cylinders, and the cylinder in V-arrangement arrangement, all unavoidably has some vibrations.And high efficiency Sydney Atkinson circulator can not obtain large-scale application, and major obstacle is not that efficient is not high, but vibration is too big, can't accomplish transient equiliblium, and otto-gas engine is just than being easier to accomplish transient equiliblium.Therefore, the performance of the balancing technique of internal-combustion engine has directly determined the further raising of engine performance and efficient.

Usually the vibration of using trunnion shaft to come the balance internal-combustion engine, this technology are very ripe, but inevitably shortcoming is that it is the constant speed circular movement; Therefore be merely able to the vibration of balance simple harmonic form; For the vibration of non-simple harmonic, counterbalance effect is bad, can not reach desirable effect at all.For example the stroke of the piston of Sydney Atkinson circulation engine is different in suction stroke and expansion stroke; And the linkage mechanism of real Sydney Atkinson circulation engine has very complicated motion and inertia; Therefore vibrational mode is also very special and complicated; Because this special vibrational mode has different Oscillation Amplitudes and mean velocity, common constant speed trunnion shaft at all can't balance.

The Equilibrator of the reciprocating type balancer weight of the described use of patent No. ZL 02804259.X, its basic principle are to link to each other with I. C. engine crankshaft with one one end to do the motion that balancer weight that simple circular movement, the other end move is simulated piston and connecting rod in slit.The essence of such method is exactly with the piston modeling piston of a simplification and the motion of connecting rod, is equal to the counterbalance effect of flat opposed engine.But for complicated more vibration, if the motion of internal-combustion engine itself is just very complicated, make the device of a symmetry again, it is too huge too heavy that the motion of entire internal combustion engine just seems.

Hope to have a kind of like this device, can balance complicated more vibration, the vibration of any internal-combustion engine complicacy that possibly occur with acceptable weight and complexity balance in other words.

Summary of the invention

To above problem, technology provided by the present invention is: a kind of Equilibrator of internal-combustion engine, and contain: reciprocating mechanism is driven rotation or is driven the motion of promotion Equilibrator by other power plant by I. C. engine crankshaft; Counterweight obtains suitable weight according to the inertial force size of the moving element of required balance, and is promoted to move reciprocatingly by said reciprocating mechanism; The chute body forms the moving direction of said counterweight.Said counterweight be in the Equilibrator all inertia weight of the parts of to-and-fro motion part with, but not single part.The shape of the cam on the said camshaft is to set according to the characteristic of vibration source, can be the shape of any needs; A projection can be arranged, also a plurality of projections can be arranged.Chute in the said chute body can be a rectilinear form, also can be other curves.

If the use camshaft, then the cam face of camshaft is adjusted according to the characteristic of the vibration of required balance, can be any needed and feasible shape; But not a kind of fixed shape; Therefore the vibration that Equilibrator of the present invention not only can the balance simple harmonic, vibration that also can the balance higher order resonances, or even irregular vibration; Become the vibration of amplitude and frequency, the required just careful design cam face of doing.Perhaps use other the mechanism that same function is arranged to substitute cam, so that the to-and-fro motion of non-simple harmonic to be provided, with the vibration of the complicacy of balance internal-combustion engine.

Said reciprocating mechanism can be cam, bent axle, eccentric shaft or their mechanism that combination constituted, or contains the mechanism of these parts, or in advance reciprocating electromagnetism or hydraulic pressure installation can be provided.Therefore reciprocating mechanism can be the valve actuating mechanism kindred organization with internal-combustion engine, comprises the valve actuating mechanism in variable lift and correct time, and with the target object of the alternative valve of counterweight as mechanism controls.When adopting adjustable reciprocating mechanism, the vibration that the present invention can balance variable vibration parameter, for example pulse damped vibration.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic representation, shows the embodiment of the internal-combustion engine Equilibrator with double peak cam.

Fig. 2 is a schematic representation, shows this embodiment's explosive view, the ball of visible counterweight and the chute of ball.

Fig. 3 is the vibratility adjustment schematic representation, and the to-and-fro motion stroke that shows the counterweight among the embodiment with double peak cam is variable, the to-and-fro motion of variation that can fitting piston.

Embodiment

The Sydney Atkinson circulation engine is a kind of most effective internal-combustion engine thermal cycle mode of operation, and the present invention just needs the complex vibration of balance as embodiment with the change stroke movement of the piston of Sydney Atkinson circulation engine.

With reference to accompanying drawing 1, show the special structure characteristic that is directed against the Equilibrator that piston motion designed of Sydney Atkinson circulation engine.Counterweight 1 is the parts of a solid metal or other materials, the piston of balance and the proportional design of weight of connecting rod as required of its weight.Counterweight 1 slides on the track that two chute bodies 2 constitute, and counterweight 1 is moved up and down.Chute body 2 will guarantee that with the position of counterweight 1 centre-of-gravity path of counterweight 1 just in time overlaps with the centre-of-gravity path of piston, is convenient to realize dynamic balancing like this.Piston 6 is installed in the chute body 2, and an end withstands on the counterweight 1.The other end withstands on the projection of chute body 2.Counterweight 1 is connected with roller 4 through axle 5, and the cam 8 of roller 4 on camshaft 3 closely contacts with 9.Camshaft 3 has gear 7, can use gear or chain to link to each other with the bent axle of internal-combustion engine, does not do here and gives unnecessary details.But the height of considering

cam

8 and 9 is different, so camshaft 3 rotates 360 degree, and bent axle has rotated 720 degree, so the gear ratio of the gear on gear 7 and the bent axle should be 2: 1, so just satisfies the needs of bent axle 3 rotating speeds.Chute body 2 is closely to be fixed on the internal combustion engine body, and is not removable.In this embodiment,

cam

8 and 9 height are different, and are present in jointly in the cam on the camshaft 3, become double peak cam.

With reference to accompanying drawing 2, be the explosive view that is directed against the Equilibrator that piston motion designed of Sydney Atkinson circulation engine specially.It is thus clear that in the device after decomposing, there are four semicircle pits 11 both sides of symmetry on the counterweight 1, embed four steel balls 10; Steel ball 10 slides in chute 12.Axle 5 is in separated state with roller 4 and counterweight 1.Spring 6 is limited in the chute 12 by the projection 13 of chute body 2, and the thrust that moves downward is provided for counterweight 1.Chute 12 in the chute body 2 has determined counterweight 1 travel direction, has therefore also determined the reciprocating pattern of counterweight 1.This motor pattern is will be as far as possible identical with the motor pattern of the vibration source of internal-combustion engine, but in the opposite direction, vibration that therefore can the balance internal-combustion engine.

Therefore with reference to figure 1 and Fig. 2, can know that camshaft 3 can promote roller 4 through

cam

8 and 9, roller 4 drive axles 5 promote counterweight 1 and move upward along chute 12, and spring then promotes 1 motion down of counterweight, the to-and-fro motion pattern of stroke counterweight 1.Emphasis is that camshaft 3 has two

outstanding cams

8 and 9; Therefore in the rotation process of one time 360 degree; Cam 8 and 9 secondaries promote counterweight 1 motion, because the height of

cam

8 and 9 is different, so the movement travel that counterweight 1 is revolved secondary rise in the process of three-sixth turn at camshaft is with different.

With reference to accompanying drawing 3, Fig. 3 is a schematic representation, is the correspondence of movement travel of embodiment device of piston and the invention described above of Sydney Atkinson circulation engine.Last figure is the position of piston curve, is the distance apart from top dead center; Figure below is the position curve of the counterweight 1 among the embodiment of Equilibrator, is the stroke that counterweight 1 moves upward from minimum point.Article two, the pairing time of curve is the angle of crankshaft rotating, and the peak value of two curves and valley are corresponding one by one, do not have deviation.The piston position curve of figure top is visible, rotates in the typical four-stroke process of 720 degree at bent axle, and two top dead center positions of piston are identical, and lower dead center is different, is respectively lower dead center 1 and lower dead center 2, and the stroke of lower dead center 1 little than lower dead center 2.For the inertia to this asymmetrical movement carries out balance; Present embodiment adopts double peak cam; Promptly a cam is to be made up of two

projection cams

8 and 9, and two common continual cam faces that constitute one 360 degree of projection are not because the motion of piston is interrupted equally.The lift of the lift ratio cam 9 of cam 8 is big, and with the direction of piston motion be opposite.The intake process of corresponding piston of the lifting curve ascent stage of cam 9; The compression process of the corresponding piston of the lifting curve descending branch of cam 9; The inflation process of corresponding piston of the lifting curve ascent stage of cam 8, the exhaust process of the corresponding piston of the lifting curve descending branch of cam 8.This corresponding relation also is the rotation phase relation of double peak cam axle 3 and I. C. engine crankshaft.

With reference to accompanying

drawing

1,2,3; When considering the concrete parameter of counterweight; Curve shown in the accompanying drawing 3 is not concrete numerical relation; But the proportionate relationship of numerical value, promptly the acceleration of motion of the counterweight that shape determined 1 of the weight of counterweight 1 and

cam

8 and 9 might not be to equate on the numerical value with vibration source piston and connecting rod, but corresponding relation.If counterweight 1 is heavy more, surpass the weight of piston and connecting rod, the acceleration of motion of counterweight 1 just can corresponding acceleration less than piston and connecting rod so.The condition of the correspondence here is the parameters relationship that vibration had that complete equilibrium piston and link motion produce.

Counterweight 1 is to be understood that the counterweight into broad sense in the epimere.In the present embodiment; When calculating the counterbalance effect of counterweight 1; Except the lift and shape of the weight of considering counterweight 1 itself,

camshaft

8 and 9; Also will calculate four all steel balls 10 of counterweight 1 and the inertia that motion brought of two springs 6, the effect of these inertia is comprehensive carries out balance with vibration source, and to be that present embodiment is final hope the effect that reaches for this.In addition, camshaft 8 and 9 balance also are to need the factor considered, but because known balance method employing in a large number to

cam

8 and 9, this paper does not also give unnecessary details.

With reference to figure 2, shown in chute 12 are straight lines, but be not limited in this; Therefore if complex curve then also can produce vibration on the normal direction of curve, make the vibration that an Equilibrator can two directions of balance; Can simplify the design of Equilibrator, reduce manufacture cost.

Comprehensive reference Fig. 1,2,3; It is thus clear that have the Equilibrator that camshaft constituted of double peak cam; Can satisfy the requirement of balance of special vibrational mode of change stroke movement institute stroke of the piston of Sydney Atkinson circulation engine; Therefore have present embodiment and can be offset completely as the vibration of piston motion stroke in the Sydney Atkinson circulation engine of Equilibrator, and transient equiliblium completely.Therefore; The device of present embodiment can be realized the complete equilibrium of the motion of single cylinder in the Sydney Atkinson circulation engine; Be that the Sydney Atkinson circulation engine is used one of indispensable constituent element; Can be on the basis of reducing as far as possible to other partial design demands of internal-combustion engine, the vibration of individually balanced Sydney Atkinson circulation engine.In practical application; Conventional otto-cycle engines also can be used in addition trim of present embodiment; For example separately the conventional trunnion shaft that quadratic term produced of trim piston motion is difficult for the vibration of trim, can make the ocsillator strenght of in-line four cylinder internal-combustion engine be reduced to the level of V-type internal combustion engine.

The present invention is not limited in the described example of embodiment, because the fact that the property versatile and flexible of cam face design is determined, so the design that the present invention set forth can realize the vibration that how different balance is more, even comprises some damped vibrations.For example we from the bimodal multimodal that becomes, promptly each cam has the part of four projections with cam, four cam lifts are just arranged, each cam lift reduces successively, in addition suitable counterweight, can some damped vibrations of approximate equilibrium in four maximum vibration peaks of peak value.Can also revise the chute shape in the chute body, make the curve of other shapes except that straight line into.

The present invention also is not limited in the form of the described cam of embodiment, also can be other mechanisms that can play cam action, to realize the motor pattern of complicated more counterweight, the vibration that balance is complicated more.Simultaneously the rotating ratio of camshaft or equivalent mechanism and bent axle also is not necessarily described 1: 2 relation of present embodiment, according to the difference of the needs of balance vibration, also can be other ratios.Flexibility of the present invention comes from the diversity of customized parameter of the device of introducing; It is the changeable motion of cam or equivalent mechanism; And the rotating speed of mechanical operation or cycle, this makes design proposed by the invention can have the more balanced capacity of the vibration of broad form than the trunnion shaft of common internal-combustion engine.

Situation outside embodiment; For example the amplitude of vibration source is also revocable; But it is time dependent; Need the parameter of Equilibrator adjustable, need to use variable to-and-fro motion stroke or other parameters under this type situation, therefore needing reciprocating mechanism of the present invention is continuously controllable.With reference to the control gear of engine valve, only need change valve into counterweight, the lift of valve and arrangement for controlling timing also can be used for the control to counterweight, thus the counterbalance effect that counterweight is brought is continuously adjustable.

The controlling mechanism of the reciprocating mechanism of customized parameter also can be to change in the cycle; Therefore reciprocating variation also is periodic, so proper parameters selects to make complex vibration such as attenuation vibration that Equilibrator of the present invention can the equalizing pulse form, self-excited vibration.

In general; The alternative circular movement of trunnion shaft in the past of to-and-fro motion that will be intended to adopt counterweight of the Equilibrator of internal-combustion engine proposed by the invention; Realize that to-and-fro motion is as the power resources that promote with camshaft; Because the shape of camshaft can design more various more complicated, can realize that therefore the vibration of balance is also various more complicated more.In realizing that reciprocating mechanism has a lot, be not limited in camshaft, but in general internal-combustion engine balance, this simple form of camshaft is enough to satisfy most demands.The concrete complexity of using of the present invention is relevant with the complexity of the inertial force of required balance.

Above-mentioned narration is only used for explaining exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and it is not exclusive or with the present invention restriction concrete form disclosed with it.It will be understood by those skilled in the art that in not departing from scope of the present invention, can make various changes and element wherein can be replaced with IF-AND-ONLY-IF element.Therefore, the invention is not restricted to realize the disclosed specific embodiment of optimal mode of the present invention, but the present invention includes all mode of executions that belong to the scope of the invention as design.Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention can implement with specific explanations and other modes beyond the mode of illustrating.

Claims

1. the Equilibrator of an internal-combustion engine, contain: reciprocating mechanism, drive by I. C. engine crankshaft and to rotate or to drive by other power plant, promote the motion of Equilibrator; Counterweight obtains suitable weight according to the inertial force size of the moving element of required balance, and is promoted to move reciprocatingly by said reciprocating mechanism; The chute body forms the moving direction of said counterweight.

2. the Equilibrator of a kind of internal-combustion engine as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that said reciprocating mechanism can be cam, bent axle, eccentric shaft or their mechanism that combination constituted; Or contain the mechanism of these parts, or in advance reciprocating electromagnetism or hydraulic pressure installation can be provided.

3. the Equilibrator of a kind of internal-combustion engine as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that said counterweight be the parts of to-and-fro motion part in the Equilibrator inertial force and equivalent weight, but not single part.

4. the Equilibrator of a kind of internal-combustion engine as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the chute in the said chute body can be a rectilinear form, also can be other curves.

5. reciprocating mechanism as claimed in claim 2, the shape that it is characterized in that the cam on the said camshaft are to set according to the characteristic of vibration source, can be the shapes of any needs; A projection can be arranged, also a plurality of projections can be arranged.

6. reciprocating mechanism as claimed in claim 2; It is characterized in that the mechanism that said combination constitutes; Or contain the mechanism of these parts; Can be the valve actuating mechanism kindred organization with internal-combustion engine, comprise the valve actuating mechanism in variable lift and correct time, and substitute the target object of valve as mechanism controls with counterweight.