A kind of steel backing/polymer composites lining bearing shell and preparation method
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of steel backing/polymer composites lining bearing shell and preparation method, and particularly a kind of heavy-load sliding friction is secondary with steel backing/layer structure bearing shell and preparation method thereof, belongs to mechanical transmission fields bearing shell and manufactures innovative technology.
Background technique
Heavy-duty sliding bearing is one of critical component in mechanized equipment, is widely used on the equipment such as metal forming machinery, plastics machinery, metallurgical machinery, engineering machinery.In these equipment, the tribological property of sliding bearing is an important indicator that affects equipment service behaviour.Efficiently, design and manufacturing technology energy-conservation, heavily loaded, sliding friction pair are one of key technologies of this kind equipment, bearing shell is as the core part of sliding friction pair, and efficiency on equipment, energy consumption, usability even overall structure etc. have conclusive impact.The main high property copper alloy bearing shell that adopts at present, not only price is high, and due to leaded, harm environment, does not meet the requirement of sustainable development.
Take high-intensity metal as matrix, the metal-backed type self lubricating material structure take self lubricating material as lining has high bearing capacity and properties of antifriction and wear resistance concurrently, for the Discussion On Development that solves the efficient bearing shell of novel load-carrying brings hope.
At present, the published preparation method of metal-backed type bearing shell mainly contains following patent: application number 90103367 " elastic thrust block and manufacture method ", application number 98114436.5 " technology for manufacturing elastic metal-plastic thrust bearing ", application number 200610046331.4 " production method of elastic metal plastic bearing ", application number 200610046329.7 " high strength elastic metallic plastic bush and production method ", application number 200810011732.5 " a kind of elastic plastic bearing shell and manufacture method thereof ".These patents have a common feature and adopt exactly wire to strengthen and be welded in steel backing matrix, and plastic filler need carry out sintering, the poroelasticity pad forming take wire is as matrix, filling-modified polymer forms wearing layer, makes by operations such as soldering or liquid welding, sintering of plastics.
Above-mentioned patent adopts welded wire as strengthening matrix, need weld, the multiple working procedure such as compacting, sintering, cutting, and processing technology is loaded down with trivial details, and cost is high, and quality of product is difficult to control; And be limited to manufacturing process, lining thickness can not be too little.In addition, adopt the prepared bearing shell of these methods to be mainly used on the equipment such as hydraulic generator, in these occasions, the requirement of bearing shell institute
pvbe worth lowlyer, suffered impulsive load is also less.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to consider the problems referred to above and provide a kind of inner surface of bearing bush to adopt near-net-shape, need not cutting, steel backing/polymer composites lining bearing shell that physical dimension stability is high.Steel backing/polymer composites lining bearing shell of the present invention is unleaded, environmental protection; Body material is easy to recycle and reuse.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of cost low, the material of steel backing/polymer composites lining bearing shell of environmental protection.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of reasonable in design, simple in structure, convenient and practical steel backing/polymer composites lining bearing shell prepare mould.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the preparation method of simple, the convenient and practical steel backing/polymer composites lining bearing shell of a kind of technique.The preparation method of steel backing/polymer composites lining bearing shell of the present invention adopts carbon or other fabric to strengthen, without adopting welded wire as strengthening matrix, plastics lining is also without sintering, prepared bearing shell has advantages of that bearing capacity is high, shock resistance good, friction factor is low, dynamic performance is good, wear extent is little, can realize with copper take place of steel, save precious metal simultaneously; Be applicable to the steel backing liner structure bearing bush of the heavy duties such as metal forming machinery, impulsive load occasion, replace the copper alloy bearing-bush that this class preparation generally adopts at present.
Technological scheme of the present invention is: steel backing/polymer composites lining bearing shell of the present invention, include steel backing and carbon fibre fabric and strengthen the lining of polymer composites, and lining is exerted pressure and is fitted in the moulding of steel backing internal surface and solidifies and be bonded to one by mould.
The material of steel backing/polymer composites lining bearing shell of the present invention, above-mentioned lining material is that carbon fibre fabric strengthens polymer self-lubricating composite material, specifically comprise following component: phenolic resin 20-30 part, epoxy resin 15-20 part, French chalk 5-10 part, graphite 10-30 part, molybdenum disulfide 10-15 part, curing agent 15-22 part, coupling molecule 0.4-2 part.
Above-mentioned phenolic resin is phenolic resin F-44, and epoxy resin is epoxy resin E-51, and French chalk is 400 orders, and coupling molecule is coupling molecule KH500.
The compacting tool set of steel backing/polymer composites lining bearing shell of the present invention, include punch set, mandrel, die set, push rod, locating stud and bolt, wherein lining is fitted in the internal surface of steel backing, and the steel backing that is fitted with lining is sleeved on mandrel, core sleeve is contained between die set and punch set, between die set and punch set, locate by locating stud, and be solidly installed by bolt, and die set and punch set are provided with the through hole that can install push rod.
Above-mentioned lining is provided with oil leab and screw is installed counterbore, and the corresponding position that oil leab and screw are installed counterbore mills out groove; When compacting, the oil leab of lining and screw are installed counterbore position and are produced in groove corresponding to distortion projection embedding steel backing, to increase the adhesive strength between steel backing and lining.
The preparation method of steel backing/polymer composites lining bearing shell of the present invention, comprises the steps:
1) steel backing is machined to design physical dimension;
2) adopt knurling tool at steel backing internal surface annular knurl;
3) the fine fabric of carbon is carried out to pre-preg and by component design prepared polymer selflubricating colloid;
4) cleaning steel backing composite surface and forming core shaft surface, removal adhering on surface iron filings, impurity etc., and clean with wipe oil with acetone;
5) apply releasing agent on forming core shaft, punch set and die set surface;
6) steel backing is respectively installed in shaping die punch set and die set, in installation process, locates steel backing by push rod;
7) at the composite surface gluing of steel backing, to the fine fabric coating of the carbon after pre-preg, also the stacked composite surface that is layed in steel backing is to design thickness simultaneously, and the thickness of lining is 0.8-2mm, the strict gel content of controlling in gluing process;
8) be placed into core barrel, mandrel is located by locating stud;
9) matched moulds, by locating stud location punch set, mandrel and die set, with clamping bolt locking punch set and die set closed state extremely completely;
10) after compacting, bearing shell solidifies in mould;
11) die sinking, ejects steel backing lining bearing shell by push rod;
12) cleaning, removes the method for the mechanical or manual polishing of unnecessary composite material by adopting in steel backing lining bearing shell forming process;
13) check.
Above-mentioned steps 3) carbon fabric before compacting, first carry out activation processing, then in the polymer of preparation, carry out pre-preg, to improve and the adhesive strength of polymeric matrix.
Above-mentioned steps 10) bearing shell curing actual temp and time in mould is afterwards in compacting: when temperature is 25 ℃, needing curing time is 10~24 hours; When temperature is 80 ℃, needing curing time is 2~4 hours; When temperature is 125 ℃, needing curing time is 1~3 hour.
The invention provides a kind of steel backing liner structure bearing bush that is applicable to the heavy duties such as metal forming machinery, impulsive load occasion, replace the copper alloy bearing-bush that this class preparation generally adopts at present.In addition, the invention provides simple, the convenient and practical steel backing liner structure bearing shell preparation method of a kind of technique, the method adopts carbon or other fabric to strengthen, without adopting welded wire as strengthening matrix, plastics lining is also without sintering, prepared bearing shell has advantages of that bearing capacity is high, shock resistance good, friction factor is low, dynamic performance is good, wear extent is little, can realize with copper take place of steel simultaneously, saves precious metal; Inner surface of bearing bush adopts near-net-shape, need not cutting, and physical dimension stability is high; Unleaded, environmental protection; Body material is easy to recycle and reuse.Bearing shell of the present invention has advantages of that bearing capacity is high, shock resistance good, friction factor is low, dynamic performance is good, wear-resisting, can realize with copper take place of steel simultaneously, saves precious metal; Inner surface of bearing bush near-net-shape, physical dimension stability is high; Unleaded, environmental protection; Be easy to recycle and reuse.The present invention is that a kind of design is ingenious, function admirable, convenient and practical steel backing/polymer composites lining bearing shell and preparation method.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the plan view of steel backing polymer composites lining bearing shell of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the left view of steel backing polymer composites lining bearing shell of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of steel backing polymer composites lining bearing shell shaping die of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment:
The structural representation of steel backing polymer composites lining bearing shell of the present invention as shown in Figure 1, 2, steel backing/polymer composites lining bearing shell of the present invention, include the lining 5 that steel backing 6 and carbon fibre fabric strengthen polymer composites, lining 5 is exerted pressure and is fitted in the internal surface moulding of steel backing 6 and solidifies and be bonded to one by mould.
The material of steel backing/polymer composites lining bearing shell of the present invention, above-mentioned lining material is that carbon fibre fabric strengthens polymer self-lubricating composite material, specifically comprise following component: phenolic resin 20-30 part, epoxy resin 15-20 part, French chalk 5-10 part, graphite 10-30 part, molybdenum disulfide 10-15 part, curing agent 15-22 part, coupling molecule 0.4-2 part.
In the present embodiment, above-mentioned phenolic resin is phenolic resin F-44, and epoxy resin is epoxy resin E-51, and French chalk is 400 orders, and coupling molecule is coupling molecule KH500.
The compacting tool set of steel backing/polymer composites lining bearing shell of the present invention, include punch set 3, mandrel 4, die set 7, push rod 8, locating stud 2 and bolt 1, wherein lining 5 is fitted in the internal surface of steel backing 6, and the steel backing (6) that is fitted with lining 5 is sleeved on mandrel 4, mandrel 4 is sleeved between die set 7 and punch set 3, between die set 7 and punch set 3, locate by locating stud 2, and be solidly installed by bolt 1, and die set 7 and punch set 3 are provided with the through hole that can install push rod 8.
In the present embodiment, above-mentioned lining 5 is provided with oil leab and screw is installed counterbore, and the corresponding position that oil leab and screw are installed counterbore mills out groove; When compacting, the oil leab of lining 5 and screw are installed counterbore position and are produced in groove corresponding to distortion projection embedding steel backing 6, to increase the adhesive strength between steel backing and lining.According to bearing shell diagrams for parts design steel backing 6, according to job requirement, the thickness of reserved lining 5 is 0.8-3mm.Steel backing 6 internal surface annular knurls, and in screw mounting hole, lubricated oil inlet hole place chamfering; In oil leab groove milling, to be out of shape when lining mold pressing, increase combination force.
The preparation method of steel backing/polymer composites lining bearing shell of the present invention, comprises the steps:
1) steel backing 6 is machined to design physical dimension;
2) adopt knurling tool at steel backing 6 internal surface annular knurls;
3) the fine fabric of carbon is carried out to pre-preg and by component design prepared polymer selflubricating colloid;
4) cleaning steel backing 6 composite surfaces and forming core shaft 4 surfaces, removal adhering on surface iron filings, impurity etc., and clean with wipe oil with acetone;
5) apply releasing agent on forming core shaft 4, punch set 3 and die set 7 surfaces;
6) steel backing 6 is respectively installed in shaping die punch set 3 and die set 7, in installation process, locates steel backing 6 by push rod 8;
7) at the composite surface gluing of steel backing 6, to the fine fabric coating of the carbon after pre-preg, also the stacked composite surface that is layed in steel backing 6 is to design thickness simultaneously, and the thickness of lining 5 is 0.8-3mm, the strict gel content of controlling in gluing process;
8) be placed into core barrel 4, mandrel 4 is located by locating stud 2;
9) matched moulds, locates punch set 3, mandrel 4 and die set 7 by locating stud 2, locks punch set 3 and die set 7 to complete closed state with clamping bolt 1;
10) after compacting, bearing shell solidifies in mould;
11) die sinking, ejects steel backing lining bearing shell by push rod 8;
12) cleaning, removes the method for the mechanical or manual polishing of unnecessary composite material by adopting in steel backing lining bearing shell forming process;
13) check.
In the present embodiment, above-mentioned steps 3) carbon fabric before compacting, first carry out activation processing, then in the polymer of preparation, carry out pre-preg, to improve and the adhesive strength of polymeric matrix.
In the present embodiment, above-mentioned steps 10) bearing shell curing actual temp and time in mould is afterwards in compacting: when temperature is 25 ℃, needing curing time is 10~24 hours; When temperature is 80 ℃, needing curing time is 2~4 hours; When temperature is 125 ℃, needing curing time is 1~3 hour.