A kind of steel backing/polymer composites lining bearing shell and preparation method
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of steel backing/polymer composites lining bearing shell and preparation method, and particularly a kind of heavy-load sliding friction is secondary with steel backing/layer structure bearing shell and preparation method thereof, belongs to the mechanical transmission fields bearing shell and makes innovative technology.
Background technique
Heavy-duty sliding bearing is one of critical component in the mechanized equipment, is widely used on the equipment such as metal forming machinery, plastics machinery, metallurgical machinery, engineering machinery.In these equipment, the tribological property of sliding bearing is an important indicator that influences the equipment work performance.Efficiently, design and manufacturing technology energy-conservation, heavily loaded, sliding friction pair are one of key technologies of this kind equipment; Bearing shell is as the core part of sliding friction pair, and efficient, energy consumption, usability even the overall structure etc. of equipment are all had decisive influence.The main at present high property copper alloy bearing shell that adopts, not only price is high, and because leaded, the harm environment does not meet the requirement of sustainable development.
With high-intensity metal is matrix, is that the metal-backed type self lubricating material structure of lining has high bearing capacity and properties of antifriction and wear resistance concurrently with the self lubricating material, for the development problem that solves the efficient bearing shell of novel load-carrying is brought hope.
At present, the disclosed preparation method of metal-backed type bearing shell mainly contains following patent: application number 90103367 " elastic thrust block and production method ", application number 98114436.5 " technology for manufacturing elastic metal-plastic thrust bearing ", application number 200610046331.4 " production method of elastic metal plastic bearing ", application number 200610046329.7 " high strength elastic metallic plastic bush and production method ", application number 200810011732.5 " a kind of elastic plastic bearing shell and production method thereof ".These patents have a common characteristic and adopt the wire enhancing exactly and be welded in the steel backing matrix; And plastic filler need carry out sintering; The poroelasticity pad that promptly forms with wire is a matrix; Filling-modified polymer forms wearing layer, processes through operations such as soldering or liquid welding, sintering of plastics.
Above-mentioned patent adopts welded wire as strengthening matrix, need weld, multiple working procedures such as compacting, sintering, cutting, and processing technology is loaded down with trivial details, and cost is high, and quality of product is difficult to control; And be limited to manufacturing process, lining thickness can not be too little.In addition, adopt the prepared bearing shell of these methods to be mainly used on the equipment such as hydraulic turbine generator group, in these occasions, the requirement of bearing shell institute
PvBe worth lowlyer, suffered impulsive load is also less.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to consider the problems referred to above and provide a kind of inner surface of bearing bush to adopt near-net-shape, need not cutting, steel backing/polymer composites lining bearing shell that physical dimension stability is high.Steel backing of the present invention/polymer composites lining bearing shell is unleaded, environmental protection; Body material is easy to recycle and reuse.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of cost low, the material of the steel backing of environmental protection/polymer composites lining bearing shell.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of reasonable in design, the preparation mould of simple in structure, convenient and practical steel backing/polymer composites lining bearing shell.
The preparation method of the steel backing/polymer composites lining bearing shell that another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of technology simple, convenient and practical.The preparation method of steel backing of the present invention/polymer composites lining bearing shell adopts carbon or other fabric to strengthen; Need not to adopt welded wire as strengthening matrix; The plastics lining also need not sintering; Prepared bearing shell has bearing capacity height, shock resistance is good, friction factor is low, dynamic performance is good, wear extent is little advantage, can realize with copper take place of steel simultaneously, practices thrift precious metal; Be applicable to the novel bearing shell of steel backing liner structure of heavy duty such as metal forming machinery, impulsive load occasion, replace the copper alloy bearing-bush that this type preparation is at present generally adopted.
Technological scheme of the present invention is: steel backing of the present invention/polymer composites lining bearing shell, include the lining that steel backing and carbon fibre fabric strengthen polymer composites, and lining is exerted pressure through mould and is fitted in the moulding of steel backing internal surface and solidifies and be bonded to one.
The material of steel backing of the present invention/polymer composites lining bearing shell, above-mentioned lining material are that carbon fibre fabric strengthens the polymer self-lubricating composite material, specifically comprise following component: phenolic resin 20-30 part; Epoxy resin 15-20 part; French chalk 5-10 part, graphite 10-30 part, molybdenum disulfide 10-15 part; Curing agent 15-22 part, coupling molecule 0.4-2 part.
Above-mentioned phenolic resin is phenolic resin F-44, and epoxy resin is epoxy resin E-51, and French chalk is 400 orders, and coupling molecule is coupling molecule KH500.
The compacting tool set of steel backing of the present invention/polymer composites lining bearing shell; Include punch set, mandrel, die set, push rod, locating stud and bolt, wherein lining is fitted in the internal surface of steel backing, and the steel backing that is fitted with lining is sleeved on the mandrel; Core sleeve is contained between die set and the punch set; Through locating stud location, and be solidly installed between die set and the punch set, and die set and punch set are provided with the through hole that can install push rod through bolt.
Above-mentioned lining is provided with oil leab and screw is installed counterbore, and the corresponding position that oil leab and screw are installed counterbore mills out groove; During compacting, the oil leab of lining and screw are installed the counterbore position and are produced in the corresponding set groove of the protruding embedding of distortion steel backing, to increase the adhesive strength between steel backing and lining.
The preparation method of steel backing of the present invention/polymer composites lining bearing shell comprises the steps:
1) steel backing is machined to the design physical dimension;
2) adopt knurling tool at steel backing internal surface annular knurl;
3) the fine fabric of carbon is carried out pre-preg and by component design prepared polymer selflubricating colloid;
4) adhering on surface iron filings, impurity etc. are removed in cleaning steel backing composite surface and forming core shaft surface, and with acetone with the removal greasy dirt;
5) at forming core shaft, punch set and die set surface-coated releasing agent;
6) steel backing is respectively installed in shaping die punch set and the die set, locatees steel backing by push rod in the installation process;
7) at the composite surface gluing of steel backing, also the range upon range of composite surface that is layed in steel backing is to design thickness to the fine fabric coating of the carbon after the pre-preg simultaneously, and the thickness of lining is 0.8-2mm, strict control gel content in the gluing process;
8) be placed into core barrel, mandrel is located by locating stud;
9) matched moulds is by locating stud location punch set, mandrel and die set, with clamping bolt locking punch set and the extremely complete closed state of die set;
10) compacting back bearing shell solidifies in mould;
11) die sinking ejects steel backing lining bearing shell through push rod;
12) method of the mechanical or manual polishing of unnecessary composite material by adopting in the steel backing lining bearing shell forming process is removed in cleaning;
13) check.
Above-mentioned steps 3) carbon fabric carries out activation processing earlier before compacting, in the polymer of preparation, carries out pre-preg then, with the adhesive strength of raising with polymeric matrix.
Above-mentioned steps 10) bearing shell solidifies in mould after the compacting actual temp and time are: when temperature was 25 ℃, needing curing time was 10~24 hours; When temperature was 80 ℃, needing curing time was 2~4 hours; When temperature was 125 ℃, needing curing time was 1~3 hour.
The invention provides a kind of novel bearing shell of steel backing liner structure that is applicable to heavy duty such as metal forming machinery, impulsive load occasion, replace the copper alloy bearing-bush that this type preparation is at present generally adopted.In addition; The invention provides simple, the convenient and practical steel backing liner structure bearing shell preparation method of a kind of technology, this method adopts carbon or other fabric to strengthen, and need not to adopt welded wire as strengthening matrix; The plastics lining also need not sintering; Prepared bearing shell has bearing capacity height, shock resistance is good, friction factor is low, dynamic performance is good, wear extent is little advantage, can realize with copper take place of steel simultaneously, practices thrift precious metal; Inner surface of bearing bush adopts near-net-shape, need not cutting, and physical dimension stability is high; Unleaded, environmental protection; Body material is easy to recycle and reuse.Bearing shell of the present invention has bearing capacity height, shock resistance is good, friction factor is low, dynamic performance is good, wear-resisting advantage, can realize with copper take place of steel simultaneously, practices thrift precious metal; The inner surface of bearing bush near-net-shape, physical dimension stability is high; Unleaded, environmental protection; Be easy to recycle and reuse.The present invention is that a kind of design is ingenious, function admirable, convenient and practical steel backing/polymer composites lining bearing shell and preparation method.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the plan view of steel backing polymer composites lining bearing shell of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the left view of steel backing polymer composites lining bearing shell of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of steel backing polymer composites lining bearing shell shaping die of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment:
The structural representation of steel backing polymer composites lining bearing shell of the present invention is like Fig. 1, shown in 2; Steel backing of the present invention/polymer composites lining bearing shell; Include the lining 5 that steel backing 6 and carbon fibre fabric strengthen polymer composites, lining 5 is through the exert pressure internal surface moulding that is fitted in steel backing 6 and solidify and be bonded to one of mould.
The material of steel backing of the present invention/polymer composites lining bearing shell, above-mentioned lining material are that carbon fibre fabric strengthens the polymer self-lubricating composite material, specifically comprise following component: phenolic resin 20-30 part; Epoxy resin 15-20 part; French chalk 5-10 part, graphite 10-30 part, molybdenum disulfide 10-15 part; Curing agent 15-22 part, coupling molecule 0.4-2 part.
In the present embodiment, above-mentioned phenolic resin is phenolic resin F-44, and epoxy resin is epoxy resin E-51, and French chalk is 400 orders, and coupling molecule is coupling molecule KH500.
The compacting tool set of steel backing of the present invention/polymer composites lining bearing shell; Include punch set 3, mandrel 4, die set 7, push rod 8, locating stud 2 and bolt 1; Wherein lining 5 is fitted in the internal surface of steel backing 6; And the steel backing (6) that is fitted with lining 5 is sleeved on the mandrel 4, and mandrel 4 is sleeved between die set 7 and the punch set 3, locatees through locating stud 2 between die set 7 and the punch set 3; And be solidly installed through bolt 1, and die set 7 and punch set 3 are provided with the through hole that can install push rod 8.
In the present embodiment, above-mentioned lining 5 is provided with oil leab and screw is installed counterbore, and the corresponding position that oil leab and screw are installed counterbore mills out groove; During compacting, the oil leab of lining 5 and screw installation counterbore position produce in the set groove of the protruding embedding of distortion steel backing 6 correspondences, to increase the adhesive strength between steel backing and lining.Figure designs steel backing 6 according to the bearing shell part time job, and according to job requirement, the thickness of reserving lining 5 is 0.8-3mm.Steel backing 6 internal surface annular knurls, and in screw mounting hole, lubricated oil inlet hole place chamfering; In the oil leab groove milling,, increase combination force so that be out of shape during the lining mold pressing.
The preparation method of steel backing of the present invention/polymer composites lining bearing shell comprises the steps:
1) steel backing 6 is machined to the design physical dimension;
2) adopt knurling tool at steel backing 6 internal surface annular knurls;
3) the fine fabric of carbon is carried out pre-preg and by component design prepared polymer selflubricating colloid;
4) adhering on surface iron filings, impurity etc. are removed in cleaning steel backing 6 composite surfaces and forming core shaft 4 surfaces, and with acetone with the removal greasy dirt;
5) at forming core shaft 4, punch set 3 and die set 7 surface-coated releasing agents;
6) steel backing 6 is respectively installed in shaping die punch set 3 and the die set 7, locatees steel backing 6 by push rod 8 in the installation process;
7) at the composite surface gluing of steel backing 6, also the range upon range of composite surface that is layed in steel backing 6 is to design thickness to the fine fabric coating of the carbon after the pre-preg simultaneously, and the thickness of lining 5 is 0.8-3mm, strict control gel content in the gluing process;
8) be placed into core barrel 4, mandrel 4 is by locating stud 2 location;
9) matched moulds, by locating stud 2 location punch set 3, mandrel 4 and die sets 7, with clamping bolt 1 locking punch set 3 and die set 7 to complete closed state;
10) compacting back bearing shell solidifies in mould;
11) die sinking ejects steel backing lining bearing shell through push rod 8;
12) method of the mechanical or manual polishing of unnecessary composite material by adopting in the steel backing lining bearing shell forming process is removed in cleaning;
13) check.
In the present embodiment, above-mentioned steps 3) carbon fabric carries out activation processing earlier before compacting, in the polymer of preparation, carries out pre-preg then, to improve the adhesive strength with polymeric matrix.
In the present embodiment, above-mentioned steps 10) compacting back the bearing shell actual temp and the time of in mould, solidifying are: when temperature was 25 ℃, needing curing time was 10~24 hours; When temperature was 80 ℃, needing curing time was 2~4 hours; When temperature was 125 ℃, needing curing time was 1~3 hour.