CN102605775A - Combination pile of flexible pile and rigid pile concentrically arranged at upper end and lower end and pile forming method - Google Patents
Combination pile of flexible pile and rigid pile concentrically arranged at upper end and lower end and pile forming method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a combination pile of a flexible pile and a rigid pile concentrically arranged at the upper end and the lower end. The combination pile is characterized by comprising the flexible pile and the rigid pile which are concentrically arranged at the upper end and the lower end, wherein the rigid pile is embedded in the flexible pile, the diameter of the flexible pile is greater than that of the rigid pile, and the pile top of the rigid pile is sealed. In construction, at first, flexible pile equipment is adopted to drill without guniting and stirring according to a designed pile length, the drilling process with guniting and stirring is carried out when the distance between the flexible pile equipment and the bottom of the flexible pile is 0.8-1.0m, the rigid pile is pressed by a steel immersed tube until the designed pile bottom elevation is met, then a certain amount of concrete is filled in the immersed tube, and the immersed tube is vibrated and pulled up to form a rigid pile top concrete reinforced section; and the guniting and stirring construction of the flexible pile is carried out by the flexible pile equipment again, after the construction of the flexible pile is ended, the stirring recessed part of the flexible pile is filled with reinforced cement soil until the designed pile top elevation is met. According to the invention, the defects of limited processing depths and difficult to deep soft foundation processing of flexible piles such as cement stirring piles and the like are overcome, the problem of a waste caused by configuring the rigid pile at the flexible pile part of the rigid-flexible combination pile is avoided at the same time, and the construction cost can be greatly reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of flexible pile and rigid pile consubstantiality compound pile and piling method up and down, be applicable to that the deep soft foundation of engineerings such as highway, dykes and dams, building construction is handled, belong to the ground process field.
Background technology
China is vast in territory, and complicated geological condition and various places difference are bigger, and the soft foundation classification is many, distribution is wide; Particularly the coastal area and in sedimentary facies area, Di Hu river exist the deep soft soil foundation of numerous complicated, China " 12 " planning outline proposes to advance the marine economy development, and with its important content as upgrading transition, raising industry core competitiveness.Along with further developing of marine economy, must promote the land-based area area requirements that borders on the sea, also make beach project of cultivation quantity and scale constantly enlarge, beach is enclosed and cultivated in the construction land that forms with making and is also had numerous deep soft soil foundations.Seek the deep soft foundation processing mode that advanced technology, economical rationality, easy construction, steady quality, bearing capacity are high, material is economized, the feature of environmental protection is strong and become geotechnical engineering circle problem demanding prompt solution.
Cement mixing pile is on the spot weak soil and cement to be forced to mix and stir at earth formation deep through special deep mixer tool, makes the weak soil scleroma and the raising foundation strength.Cement mixing pile can be divided into two kinds of wet method and dry method by the injection of material state, and wet method is main with cement paste, stirs, and is easy to stir again, and the cement-soil firm time is longer; Dry method is main with cement powder, and the cement-soil firm time is shorter, can improve the intensity between stake, but mixing uniformity is not good enough, and very difficult whole process is stirred again, and wet applications is more popular at present under suitable condition.Require characteristics such as lower, that construction technology is ripe, cost is relatively low because cement mixing pile has the construction plant, obtained extensive use in China.But the processing depth as shallow of cement mixing pile adopts domestic it is generally acknowledged of common construction equipment to be only applicable to handle the soft base of the degree of depth less than 10～12m.And its construction quality is uneven, wayward, occurs quality accident easily.The two-way cement mixing pile that grew up in recent years; Through the two-way stirring simultaneously of positive and negative friction speed rotating vane; And oppositely stir faster the blade of upper strata the time, emit approach on the blocking-up slurries, cement grout is stirred with the soil body on the spot fully; Guaranteed pile quality, particularly the deep layer pile quality.Though two-way cement mixing pile than the ordinary Portland cement agitation pile, increases aspect pile quality, it is amid a sharp increase to handle the degree of depth, from the similar engineering experience, generally is only applicable to handle the soft base of the degree of depth less than 16m ~ 18m, is difficult to be applied to deep soft foundation and handles.
Rigid pile such as pile for prestressed pipe, precast square pile can be controlled settlement after construction effectively because speed of application is fast, quality is convenient to detect, consolidation effect is good, and it is dark to handle the degree of depth; Quality is prone to guarantee; Advantages such as the duration is short, and comprehensive benefit is obvious have also obtained extensive use at present in treatment of soft foundation; But its shortcoming is preformed pile because lifting and traffic requirements are often prepared a large amount of reinforcing bars etc., causes involving great expense.The preformed pile pile-sinking method has multiple, has in the method for the domestic application of China: hammering method, static pressure method, lash method, water jetting, prebored hole method etc., and with the most use with static pressure method.Because vibrations are violent during diesel hammer piling, noise is big; For reducing the influence of Construction on Environment; The exert pressure technology of preformed pile of large-tonnage static pile press had been developed in China various places in recent years, and static pile press can be divided into top pressing type and hugging pressure type again, and hugging pressure type is that the clamping plate of machine clamp pile body; The principle work of the friction of plate greater than soil-entering resistance held in dependence; The maximum pile driving pressure of static pile press can reach 5000-6000kN, can the pile for prestressed pipe of diameter 500,600 be pressed onto the bearing stratum of designing requirement, thereby promote the application and the development of pile for prestressed pipe greatly.
The engineering of at present steady-state deformation being had relatively high expectations often adopts rigid pile, hard and soft compound pile, length stake etc. to handle deep soft foundation; Hard and soft compound pile is a kind of Soft Ground technology of inserting rigid pile (pile for prestressed pipe, plain concrete pile, CFG stake, the stake of Y shape etc.) in the flexible pile (cement mixing pile, high-pressure rotary jet grouting pile etc.).The reinforcement mechanism of hard and soft compound pile is to have set flexible pile to insert the bigger rigid pile of length with one heart, forms hard and soft compound pile.Utilize the side surface area and the cross-sectional area on the flexible pile increasing pile body top that construction depth is more shallow, diameter is bigger to increase pile side friction and obtain the bearing capacity that bigger replacement ratio improves single pile and composite foundation.Rigid pile is passed to bottom intensity bearing stratum preferably with fractional load; The sedimentation and the relative settlement of control composite foundation; Overcome flexible pile and handled the difficult problem that the degree of depth is limited, the pile body lower mass is difficult to ensure, effectively practiced thrift the quantity that sets of rigid pile simultaneously, reduced construction costs.But in the hard and soft compound pile that adopts at present, section also is provided with rigid pile in the lump in the flexible pile tagma, and the rigid pile that in flexible pile body, is provided with can not be brought into play favorable economic benefit, causes waste to a certain degree.
Total the above; According to present actual conditions and technical condition; Needing that invention is a kind of badly can rational and balanced between duration, construction investment, workmanship, gives full play to the characteristics of flexible pile and rigidity shape, with the hard and soft compound pile and the piling method of its combination use reinforcing deep soft base.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of flexible pile and rigid pile consubstantiality compound pile up and down; Flexible pile and rigid pile are used in combination; Give full play to both advantages, overcome cement mixing pile and handle the limited shortcoming of the degree of depth, avoid hard and soft compound pile commonly used at present etc. rigid pile to be set in the lump simultaneously in the flexible pile part; And the hard and soft compound pile cost performance that causes is low, have the problem of waste, and then significantly reduces construction costs.
In order to realize above-mentioned purpose, the present invention has adopted following technical scheme:
A kind of flexible pile and rigid pile be the consubstantiality compound pile up and down, it is characterized in that comprising flexible pile and rigid pile, and wherein flexible pile is on top; Rigid pile is in the bottom, and both are provided with one heart, and the flexible pile diameter is greater than rigid pile; Rigid pile embeds the flexible pile bottom, and rigid pile stake closedtop closes.
Aforesaid flexible pile and rigid pile be the consubstantiality compound pile up and down, and its characteristic exists, and sets gradually a top concrete enclosing section, with holes and notch steel plate, immersed tube at the top of rigid pile from bottom to up and is connected section; With holes and notch steel plate is provided with the connectivity circular hole, and the interior stake tip cutting muscle that interts of circular hole is connected a section periphery at immersed tube concrete reinforcement section is set.
Aforesaid flexible pile and rigid pile be the consubstantiality compound pile up and down, it is characterized in that being provided with reinforced cement earthen backfill pile body at the top of flexible pile, is provided with precast pile tip in the bottom of rigid pile.
Aforesaid flexible pile and rigid pile be the consubstantiality compound pile up and down, it is characterized in that embedding the rigid pile stake top of flexible pile, embedded part stake Zhou Kaiyou notch.
Aforesaid flexible pile and rigid pile be the consubstantiality compound pile up and down, it is characterized in that a tip cutting muscle is higher than rigid pile stake top and part is retained in the rigid pile.
Aforesaid flexible pile and rigid pile be the consubstantiality compound pile up and down, it is characterized in that the with holes and notch steel plate notch that opening makes progress that is circumferentially with away from the center of circle; The immersed tube socket is connected section and is truncated cone-shaped, and adopting steel concrete or steel pipe is material.
Flexible pile and rigid pile be the job practices of consubstantiality compound pile up and down, it is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
1) stake position setting-out; Behind the pile-forming machine perching, according to the flexible pile designing pile length, employing flexible pile equipment is not whitewashed to stir and is crept into to 0.8m-1.0m at the bottom of the flexible pile stake; Whitewashing is stirred and to be crept into design elevation at the bottom of the flexible pile stake again; It is the cement-soil of 0.8m-1.0m that this section forms length, does not whitewash to stir to promote drilling rod to the face of land, and flexible pile equipment is shifted out the stake position;
2) rigid pile piling equipment is moved to stake position after; Rigid pile is sling; The immersed tube socket is connected section inserts in the immersed tube, near the face of land time, proofread and correct immersed tube and aim at rigid pile stake top steel plate notch at the bottom of piling to the immersed tube; Rigid pile is depressed into a design stake end absolute altitude, and the rigid pile top exceeds 0.5m-1.0m at the bottom of the flexible pile stake;
3) in immersed tube, pour into and be slightly larger than concrete and strengthen the long-pending concrete of segment body, pull out immersed tube in the vibration, form rigid pile stake top concrete and strengthen section;
4) flexible pile equipment is moved to the stake position; Carry out the flexible pile whitewashing and stir construction; Flexible pile creeps at the bottom of its drilling rod to rigid pile stake top concrete and strengthens the section top mark when high, stirs in the whitewashing and pulls out drilling rod, and confirm to stir and the whitewashing number of times according to the flexible pile technological requirement;
5) at the scene by a certain amount of cement-soil of batch mix; After the flexible pile construction is accomplished; Adopt the cement-soil that mixes in advance; It is high that flexible pile part to the design stake top mark that stir to sink is filled up in layering, and add in cement-soil according to design and to lay geotechnological reinforcement material when fiber or layering are filled up, and forms reinforced cement earthen backfill pile body after the compacting.
The present invention has following characteristics:
(1) rigid pile stake jacking row is handled, and certain depth at the bottom of the stake of embedding flexible pile, realized the effective bonding strength that be connected, improve two types of rigid pile with flexible pile, ensured flexible pile and rigid pile cooperative bearing;
(2) formation of pile has realized that flexible pile and rigid pile compactness are connected alternately construction.Carry out flexible pile earlier and creep into and stir construction, piling in stirring groundwork effectively reduces the pile driving pressure and the equipment requirements of rigid pile;
(3) flexible pile that causes of formation of pile stirs the part of sinking; Lay reinforcement materials such as geotextiles, GSZ when adopting reinforced cement earth or layering to fill up; Formed reinforced cement earthen backfill pile body; Effectively improved resistance to compression, the shear strength at flexible pile top, avoided pile crown to destroy, also effectively improved the load-carrying properties of flexible pile because of strength deficiency.
In a word; Flexible pile of the present invention and rigid pile be the consubstantiality compound pile up and down; Can be used for handling deep soft foundation, overcome flexible pile and handled the limited difficult problem that is difficult to be used for the deep soft foundation processing of the degree of depth, avoided hard and soft compound pile the problem that there is waste in rigid pile partly to be set at flexible pile; Efficiently solve the stake top intensity problem of lower that flexible pile is prone to simultaneously, can significantly practice thrift construction costs.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a consubstantiality compound pile generalized section about flexible pile of the present invention and the rigid pile;
Fig. 2 is a rigid pile stake top partial enlarged drawing;
Fig. 3 is a consubstantiality compound pile construction technology sketch map about flexible pile of the present invention and the rigid pile.
Among the figure: 1-reinforced cement earthen backfill pile body, 2-flexible pile, 3-concrete is strengthened section, 4-stake tip cutting muscle, 5-immersed tube is connected section; 6-with holes and notch steel plate, 7-notch, 8-stake top concrete enclosing section, 9-rigid pile notch (screw thread); 10-rigid pile, 11-precast pile tip, 12-stirring vane, 13-stake drilling rod; 14-piling immersed tube, 15-cement-soil that whitewashing forms stirred, 16-rubber pad, 17-stake top backfill cement-soil.
The practical implementation instance
Fig. 1 is flexible pile of the present invention and rigid pile consubstantiality compound pile section signal up and down; Fig. 2 is a rigid pile stake top partial enlarged drawing; With reference to Fig. 1, shown in 2; A kind of flexible pile and rigid pile be the consubstantiality compound pile up and down, comprising: reinforced cement earthen backfill pile body 1, flexible pile 2, concrete are strengthened section 3, stake tip cutting muscle 4, immersed tube and are connected section 5, with holes and notch steel plate 6, stake top concrete enclosing section 8, rigid pile 10, precast pile tip 11.Wherein flexible pile is on top, and rigid pile is in the bottom, and both are provided with one heart, and the flexible pile diameter is greater than rigid pile, and rigid pile embeds in the flexible pile, the rigid pile stake Zhou Kaiyou notch 9 of embedded part; Be provided with reinforced cement earthen backfill pile body 1 at the top of flexible pile, be provided with precast pile tip 11 in the bottom of rigid pile; Rigid pile stake closedtop closes; Set gradually a top concrete enclosing section 8 (solid pile does not then need), with holes and notch steel plate 6, immersed tube at the top of rigid pile from bottom to up and be connected section 5; The interior stake tip cutting muscle 4 that interts of circular hole with holes and notch steel plate 6; Be connected section 5 peripheries at immersed tube and concrete is set strengthens section 3, with holes and notch steel plate 6 is away from the notch 7 that opening makes progress that is circumferentially with in the center of circle.
Flexible pile and rigid pile be the consubstantiality compound pile up and down, and flexible pile 2 is provided with rigid pile 10 with one heart, can handle the deep soft foundation that thickness reaches 28 m, 0.5m-0.8m at the bottom of 2 of the rigid pile 10 embedding flexible piles.The flexible pile 2 on pile body top is the two-way cement mixing pile of wet method, the long 12m of stake, and diameter is 0.9m, and cement adopts No. 32.5 Portland cements, and water/binder ratio adopts 0.55, and the cement mixing content of agitation pile is 180kg/m, adopts two to stir two pressure spray process; The rigid pile 10 of bottom is selected pile for prestressed pipe for use; The long 16.5m of stake; Diameter is 400mm; Thickness of pipe wall is 60mm, and concrete specification and technical indicator satisfy the requirement of existing " the general atlas of Pretensioned spun concrete piles structure design " A type, and the precast pile tip 11 of rigid pile 10 bottoms adopts steel concrete closing pile point.
With holes and notch steel plate 6 diameters are 40cm, wall thickness 1cm, and the surface perforation circular hole that 4 diameters evenly are set is 15mm, it is 6.5mm that many diameters are evenly welded in the bottom, length is the reinforcing bar of 3.0 cm, to strengthen and being connected of a top concrete enclosing section 8.All interspersed joint bar 4 in the circular hole, joint bar is that diameter is the screw-thread steel of 12mm (identical with Circularhole diameter with holes and notch steel plate 6), length 1.0m.Joint bar 4 is higher than 10 tops of rigid pile 0.5m.The notch 7 of being convenient to 14 pilings of piling immersed tube, notch 7 width 35mm, the degree of depth 5 mm are set on the with holes and notch steel plate 6.
The piling equipment of the equipment of flexible pile 2 and rigid pile 10 is arranged on same the stake machine; The equipment of rigid pile 10 adopts the auxiliary vibrating type of static pressure, and two equipment are installed on the machine slide bar, on slide bar, move back and forth; Realize that flexible pile 2 is connected alternately construction with the compactness of rigid pile 10; Two-way cement mixing pile drilling rod 14 bottoms are provided with rubber pad 16, avoid drilling rod 14 destruction to concrete reinforcement section 3 in work progress, and rubber pad 16 thickness are 30mm.
Fig. 2 is a consubstantiality compound pile construction technology sketch map about flexible pile of the present invention and the rigid pile, and with reference to shown in Figure 2, flexible pile and rigid pile be the piling method of consubstantiality compound pile up and down, may further comprise the steps:
1) stake position setting-out; Behind the pile-forming machine perching,, adopt two-way cement mixing pile equipment not whitewash to stir and creep into to 0.8m at the bottom of two-way cement mixing pile stake according to two-way cement mixing pile designing pile length; Whitewashing is stirred and to be crept into design elevation at the bottom of the two-way cement mixing pile stake again; This section forms the cement-soil 15 that length is the stirring whitewashing formation of 0.8m, and not whitewashing to stir promotes drilling rod to the face of land, and two-way cement mixing pile equipment is shifted out the stake position;
2) pile for prestressed pipe piling equipment is moved to stake position after; Pile for prestressed pipe is sling; The immersed tube socket is connected section 5 inserts in the piling immersed tube 14, proofread and correct immersed tube 14 and aim at pile for prestressed pipe stake top steel plate notches 7 near the face of land time at 14 ends of piling to immersed tube; Pile for prestressed pipe is depressed into a design stake end absolute altitude, and the pile for prestressed pipe top exceeds 0.5m at the bottom of the two-way cement mixing pile stake;
3) in piling immersed tube 14, pour into and be slightly larger than concrete and strengthen the long-pending concrete of segment body, pull out immersed tube 14 in the vibration, form rigid pile stake top concrete and strengthen section 3;
4) two-way cement mixing pile equipment is moved to the stake position; Carry out two-way cement mixing pile whitewashing and stir construction; Two-way cement mixing pile creeps into when 13 ends of drilling rod to rigid pile stake top concrete reinforcement section, 3 top marks are high; Stir in the whitewashing and pull out drilling rod 13, two-way cement mixing pile adopts is two to stir two pressure spray process;
At the scene by a certain amount of fiber water earth of batch mix; After two-way cement mixing pile construction is accomplished; Adopt the fiber water earth 17 that mixes in advance, layering is filled up two-way cement mixing pile and is stirred sagging part to design stake top mark height, forms reinforced cement earthen backfill pile body 1 after the compacting.Can add fiber in the cement-soil, form reinforced cement earth, but lay reinforcement materials such as geotextiles, GSZ when also layering is filled up, layering is filled up compacting leveling back and is formed reinforced cement earthen backfill pile body 1.
As shown in table 1; Present embodiment; Analyze with clear out a harbour practice of construction unit price and the material quotation of highway deep soft foundation treatment project flexible pile 2 and rigid pile 10 of harbor district of bordering on the sea of port, somewhere, the hard and soft compound pile of the present invention is compared with the hard and soft compound pile that reality adopts can practice thrift cost about 20%.
Common hard and soft compound pile of table 1 and the economic comparison sheet of the hard and soft compound pile of the present invention
Claims (8)
1. flexible pile and rigid pile consubstantiality compound pile up and down is characterized in that comprising flexible pile and rigid pile, and wherein flexible pile is on top; Rigid pile is in the bottom, and both are provided with one heart, and rigid pile embeds the flexible pile bottom; The flexible pile diameter is greater than rigid pile, and rigid pile stake closedtop closes.
2. flexible pile according to claim 1 and rigid pile be the consubstantiality compound pile up and down, it is characterized in that setting gradually with holes from bottom to up at the top of rigid pile and notch steel plate, immersed tube are connected section; With holes and notch steel plate is provided with the connectivity circular hole, and the interior stake tip cutting muscle that interts of circular hole is connected a section periphery at immersed tube concrete reinforcement section is set; With holes and notch steel plate is away from the notch that opening makes progress that is circumferentially with in the center of circle.
3. flexible pile according to claim 2 and rigid pile be the consubstantiality compound pile up and down, when it is characterized in that rigid pile is hollow pile, sets up the concrete enclosing section earlier on rigid pile stake top.
4. flexible pile according to claim 1 and rigid pile be the consubstantiality compound pile up and down; It is characterized in that being provided with reinforced cement earthen backfill pile body at the top of flexible pile; Bottom in rigid pile is provided with precast pile tip, and precast pile tip is the precast reinforced concrete pile point, steel sheet pile is sharp or rubber stake point.
5. flexible pile according to claim 1 and rigid pile be the consubstantiality compound pile up and down, it is characterized in that embedding the rigid pile stake Zhou Kaiyou notch of flexible pile.
6. flexible pile according to claim 2 and rigid pile be the consubstantiality compound pile up and down, it is characterized in that a tip cutting muscle is higher than rigid pile stake top and part is retained in the rigid pile.
7. flexible pile according to claim 2 and rigid pile be the consubstantiality compound pile up and down, it is characterized in that the immersed tube socket is connected section and is truncated cone-shaped, and adopting steel concrete or steel pipe is material.
8. said flexible pile of claim 2 and the rigid pile job practices of consubstantiality compound pile up and down is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
Stake position setting-out; Behind the pile-forming machine perching, according to the flexible pile designing pile length, employing flexible pile equipment is not whitewashed to stir and is crept into to 0.8m-1.0m at the bottom of the flexible pile stake; Whitewashing is stirred and to be crept into design elevation at the bottom of the flexible pile stake again; It is the cement-soil of 0.8m-1.0m that this section forms length, does not whitewash to stir to promote drilling rod to the face of land, and flexible pile equipment is shifted out the stake position;
After rigid pile piling equipment moved to stake position; Rigid pile is sling; The immersed tube socket is connected section inserts in the immersed tube, near the face of land time, proofread and correct immersed tube and aim at rigid pile stake top steel plate notch at the bottom of piling to the immersed tube; Rigid pile is depressed into a design stake end absolute altitude, and the rigid pile top exceeds 0.5m-1.0m at the bottom of the flexible pile stake;
In immersed tube, pour into and be slightly larger than the long-pending concrete of concrete reinforcement segment body, pull out immersed tube in the vibration, form rigid pile stake top concrete and strengthen section;
Flexible pile equipment is moved to stake position, carry out the flexible pile whitewashing and stir construction, flexible pile creeps at the bottom of its drilling rod to rigid pile stake top concrete and strengthens the section top mark when high, stirs in the whitewashing and pulls out drilling rod, and confirm to stir and the whitewashing number of times according to the flexible pile technological requirement;
At the scene by batch mixing water earth; After the flexible pile construction is accomplished; Adopt the cement-soil that mixes in advance; It is high that flexible pile part to the design stake top mark that stir to sink is filled up in layering, and add in cement-soil according to design and to lay geotechnological reinforcement material when fiber or layering are filled up, and forms reinforced cement earthen backfill pile body after the compacting.
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| CN109235413A (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2019-01-18 | 浙江大学城市学院 | A kind of transversal reinforcement combination of rigidity and flexibility stake reinforcing soft ground device and construction method |
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| CN109235413B (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2024-01-26 | 浙江大学城市学院 | Device for reinforcing soft soil foundation by transverse reinforced rigid-flexible composite piles and construction method |
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| CN102605775B (en) | 2014-09-03 |
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