CN102605116A - Blast furnace slag sensible heat recovery and generating method - Google Patents
Blast furnace slag sensible heat recovery and generating method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102605116A CN102605116A CN2012101017458A CN201210101745A CN102605116A CN 102605116 A CN102605116 A CN 102605116A CN 2012101017458 A CN2012101017458 A CN 2012101017458A CN 201210101745 A CN201210101745 A CN 201210101745A CN 102605116 A CN102605116 A CN 102605116A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2400/00—Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes
- C21B2400/02—Physical or chemical treatment of slags
- C21B2400/022—Methods of cooling or quenching molten slag
- C21B2400/026—Methods of cooling or quenching molten slag using air, inert gases or removable conductive bodies
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2400/00—Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes
- C21B2400/05—Apparatus features
- C21B2400/06—Conveyors on which slag is cooled
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2400/00—Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes
- C21B2400/05—Apparatus features
- C21B2400/066—Receptacle features where the slag is treated
- C21B2400/072—Tanks to collect the slag, e.g. water tank
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2400/00—Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes
- C21B2400/08—Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes with energy recovery
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The invention relates to a blast furnace slag sensible heat recovery and generating method. Circulating air is used for cooling high temperature liquid slag running through the interior of a buffer precooling slag liquid pool, the heated circulating air is used for heating the waste heat boiler of the buffer precooling slag liquid pool to generate steam for generating, the cooled circulating air returns to the inlet of a circulating fan, the temperature of the high temperature molten slag is lowered close to crystallization temperature through air cooling, and then the high temperature molten slag is discharged out of the buffer precooling slag liquid pool and flows and falls onto a tray track machine in continuous motion through a crystallization bag for further air cooling and moderate spray cooling so as to form high temperature crystalline; the high temperature crystalline is fed to a solid waste boiler for further cooling and then is discharged the solid waste boiler when being cooled to the temperature of 200 DEG C, then the high temperature crystalline is cooled further, crushed and sieved so as to achieve the technical purpose of cooling the blast furnace slag, and the steam generated by two combined waste boilers namely the waste boiler of the buffer precooling slag pool and the solid waste heat boiler can be used for jointly driving a generator set for generating.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method that a kind of blast-furnace cement sensible heat reclaims and generates electricity, particularly a kind of high temperature furnace slag sensible heat recovery system and the production technique of the energy recovery of Metal smelting high-temperature liquid state slag and utilization belong to waste heat energy recovery technology field.
Background technology
Iron and Steel Production is basic structured material and a functional materials important in the development of the national economy.When the world gets into economic globalization and information-based new time, still need iron and steel as support.Along with the iron and steel output rapid growth, resource, the energy and pollutant emission have become the restrictive factor that restriction China Iron And Steel Industry further develops.Therefore, in the process that China's Iron And Steel Industry is taken a new road to industrialization, should put forth effort to cut down the consumption of energy, water consumption and raw material consumption, carry out environmental protection work, realize the transformation of growth pattern, realize the coordination and the Sustainable development of Iron and Steel Production development and ecological resources.
The iron and steel output production overwhelming majority of China adopts blast furnace one bof process to produce.Blast furnace slag is in blast furnace ironmaking process, the by product that is formed by non-volatilization component in the gangue in the ore, ash content and the flux in the fuel.Smelt one ton of pig iron and produce 0.3～0.6 ton of blast furnace slag approximately.China produced 2.5 hundred million tons of iron in 2004, calculated even press 0.3t slag/t iron, and the output of blast furnace slag is about 7,500 ten thousand tons.
Because the liquid blast furnace temperature is the highest to be about 1500 ℃, the method for processing adopts flush slag mostly, and the blast furnace slag after shrend is used to make materials such as cement, roadbed, building.The shortcoming of this method is: not only the sensible heat of blast furnace slag can't utilize, and causes a large amount of wastes of water resources.
For reclaiming the heat energy of blast-furnace slag; Chinese scholars proposes a lot of methods of utilizing; For example; The researchist of NKK is poured on two inside with converter slag and is connected with between the rotary drum of lower boiling organic working medium, and slag is cooled off fast and forms film, and the employing interchanger reclaims the heat of organic working medium and is used for generating; The main drawback of this method is must remove with dregs scraper to be bonded at the slag film on the rotary drum, otherwise will cause the rapid decline of heat transfer efficiency.Kawasaki steel mill pours liquid slag in the whisking appliance into and is broken into the particle less than 100mm, reclaims heat through radiative transfer, and slag is cooled to 1000 ℃ from initial temperature, and the steam of generation can reach 450 ℃.Slag with fragmentation is sent in the cooling tower then, with air it further is cooled to 250 ℃, and energy recovery efficiency reaches 76%, and this method can only be interim production.
Russia RU2018494 discloses a kind of " slag treatment process and device for carrying out said "; The high-temperature liquid state slag is injected in the cylinder of placement, when slag when steel ball in placing cylinder contacts by sharply cooling, slag is changed into crisp shape plastic stage and is set in spherome surface by liquid state; Because collision each other between the motion of spheroid and spheroid; Slag is fractured into about 700 ℃, and diameter is less than the solid slag of 120mm, and patent 98123555.7 is utilized this technology; 600～700 ℃ of solid-state warm sludges that use drum apparatus to produce; Be input to continuously in the vapour slag heat exchanger and carry out heat exchange with recycle gas, be heated to 350～400 ℃, slag is cooled to below 200 ℃ and is discharged continuously by vapour slag heat exchanger.Cylinder and steel ball were under action of high temperature when the shortcoming of this technology was the cooling of cylinder liquid towards slag, and device temperature raises, deforms easily, influences the condensation of liquid slag, and secondly the cooled steel slag temperature is low, and available heat reduces.
Utilizing the high temperature furnace slag generating is a kind of method of big save energy, plays an important role for the minimizing pollution improves environment.
Summary of the invention:
High temperature furnace slag produces when metallic iron is smelted, and its temperature is about 1500 ℃, and the Tc of slag is at 1100 ℃ or higher.In smelting iron and steel, slag does not belong to the product that needs the control techniques index, so its composition Be Controlled not, so the slag that different ore smelting process is produced, its physical property has certain difference.The technical indicator that cogeneration is paid close attention to has: the flowability of the tapping temperature of slag, Tc, the condition of high temperature, day gross output quantity of slag and five technical indicators of specific heat capacity.The physical property of concrete slag is relevant with blast furnace smelting process and iron ore, different slag physical propertys, and when being applied to afterheat generating system, operating parameter also should be adjusted to some extent.
The present invention to the basic demand that smelt to produce slag treatment is: cooled slag with make slag granulesization, realize dropping to normal temperature from high temperature, produce the requirement that the granularity suitable size makes things convenient for next step utilization.Make the high-temperature solid slag with the high-temperature liquid state slag, so that the technology of packing waste heat boiler into and all reclaiming heat energy in this two stages is the main contents of present patent application, its key point is heat energy and the heat energy power-generating after the slag crystallization that reclaims before the slag crystallization; High temperature furnace slag does not directly contact with the equipment of nonrefractory material in the crystallisation process; Make the component that adopt metallic substance to make in the equipment; The temperature that is in operation is in the normal temperature state, and the equipment distortion that Yin Wendu raises and causes does not take place, stable, the continuous and low cost movement of assurance equipment.
The method that a kind of blast-furnace cement sensible heat of the present invention reclaims and generates electricity, its technical scheme is:
High-temperature liquid state slag in the buffering precooling slag liquid pool of flowing through cools off with recirculated air, and the waste heat boiler that the recirculated air after being heated goes to heat buffering precooling slag liquid pool produces the water vapour generating, and cooled recirculated air is got back to the import of recirculation blower.The high temperature furnace slag liquation is reduced near the crystalline temperature temperature through air cooling and discharges buffering precooling slag liquid pool; Wander on the pallet tracked machine in the movement continuously through the crystallization bag; Continue methods for cooling such as air cooling, appropriateness water spray; Form the high temperature crystallization body; (its surface temperature control is more than 1000 ℃) are delivered to this high temperature crystallization body and are continued to be cooled to 200 ℃ of discharge solid waste heat boilers in the solid waste heat boiler, further cool off with fragmentation then, sieve, and realize cooling off the technical object of blast-furnace slag.And through power unit generating of the common promotion of the steam of two waste heat boiler combination results.(promptly cushion the waste heat boiler and the solid waste heat boiler of precooling molten slag bath.)
Wherein, The slag process of cooling is made up of three phases; The first step is in buffering precooling slag liquid pool; Reduce the temperature of liquid slag and heat the generating of waste heat boiler generation water vapour through air inerchange and/or radiating method, make the temperature of liquation be reduced to suitable beginning crystalline temperature, for (slag) crystallization is prepared; Second step was on the pallet tracked machine, further to reduce fluid temperature to realize crystallization, accomplished the purpose of making the high-temp solid ingot; The 3rd step was the high temperature crystallization piece to be delivered to further reduce the purpose that temperature realizes cogeneration in the solid slag waste heat boiler.
Wherein, take fragmentation, screening to handle to the slag that is cooled to normal temperature.Part slag after the processing returned for second step as the backflow slag and uses as grate-layer material; To isolate contacting of hot slag liquid and equipment; And can absorb xln surface heat rapidly, form the solid-state of predetermined shape, guarantee that the metal section and part of equipment is in low-temperature condition; Realize the target of mechanical means steady running, unnecessary slag transports.Shop fixtures layer on pallet tracked machine pallet can be paved into blanket layer or carry out place mat by the section form of design; Also can make the sphere hole of fixed range etc.; Liquation is poured into the xln shape that forms anticipation in the hole, and xln is discontinuous monomer, promptly is called ingot.At the upper surface of xln,, repave the backflow slag in case of necessity, make the top fully crystalline slag completion crystallization of lowering the temperature rapidly as yet at the outlet section of pallet tracked machine.Send into the solid slag waste heat boiler after will accomplishing crystalline high-temp solid piece and the place mat slag separating and continue cooling, produce steam-electric power.Whether the solid slag that cooling back is discharged waste heat boiler and had a certain temperature energy can continue to utilize its energy is not the scope that present patent application relates to.Above-mentioned slag treatment process has satisfied slag refrigerative target.Be about to red-hot liquid slag cools to the temperature that can transport outward, realized appropriate granular technical object through broken and screening.
Wherein, the pre-cooled mode before the crystallization is following: the high-temp liquid slag temperature needs to get into buffering precooling molten slag bath precooling treatment about 1500 ℃, reach the precooling Buffer Pool effect that the continous-stable operation needs with the system of assurance.Heat exchange has two kinds of forms to select:
A kind of waste heat boiler heat exchanger that above hot melt liquid, is provided with produces steam with hot melt liquid transfer of heat to waste heat boiler through circulation axis flow fan and method of radiating.Adopt the air pressure in this method buffering precooling molten slag bath identical with outside atmosphere pressure; See Fig. 1 for details.
Another kind method is with gas blower refrigeration cycle gas to be blown into buffering precooling molten slag bath; Hot melt liquid exit end top is blast inlet; From hot melt liquid entrance end top be air outlet, and flow to waste heat boiler (reverse cooling), get back to the import of recirculation blower after the air cooling.Adopting this method buffering precooling molten slag bath inner air pressure is the blower fan top hole pressure.The import and export of hot melt liquid will have particular design, do not flow out to guarantee warm air from the import and export of hot melt liquid, thus the flow that needs regulation and control to export.1 or several relief outlets are opened in the outlet of hot melt liquid.Liquation flows in the crystallization bag of below, accomplishes shunting casting task by the crystallization bag.See Fig. 2 for details.
Relating to particular problems more of the present invention below is described as follows:
3.1 the cast of hot melt liquid and crystallization bag
The effect of crystallization bag is to solve to export effusive hot melt liquid from fixing buffering precooling molten slag bath and fall on the pallet tracked machine the motion, realizes that whereabouts hot melt liquid is falling a little to be synchronized with the movement with the pallet tracked machine, and the completion xln is the purpose of independent structure crystal block.When the crystallization bag is done rapid return motion, under the acceleration stresses effect, be successive though flow out hot melt liquid from the outlet of buffering precooling molten slag bath, crystallization contracts out mouth should not have the hot melt flow to go out.The face shaping and the dimensional change that reach the output ingot are controlled, do not connect each other.When returning, make crystallization bag angle of inclination through mechanical action earlier in case of necessity, raise out open height, realize cutout design more completely.
The outlet shape of crystallization bag and latus rectum are confirmed after testing according to a plurality of parameters such as design shape of ingot.Drive the moving equipment of crystallization contracted affreightment and do not discuss, the movement velocity that should satisfy working stroke is identical with the travelling speed of pallet tracked machine, realizes returning at a high speed.
The crystallization bag can be made an integral body or a plurality of monomer, and when the crystallization bag was integral body, the outlet of buffering precooling molten slag bath was designed to 1 or several, and liquation is fallen the crystallization bag, is accomplished shunting and is followed the casting that the pallet tracked machine is synchronized with the movement by the crystallization bag.The outlet of buffering precooling molten slag bath is designed to 1 or several, needs to confirm through experiment, respectively casts the rate of discharge error in certain scope with satisfied being diverted to.Crystallization job contract condition synoptic diagram is seen Fig. 3.
3.2 the crystallization of slag liquation
Have on the tracked machine of continuous pallet to dropping to one from the effusive liquation of crystallization bag, this equipment is called: the pallet tracked machine.Hot melt liquid is accomplished crystallization before the pallet tracked machine transports end, the heart portion of ingot can be liquid state or soft state, preserves the utilization ratio of heat energy raising system capacity as much as possible.
Through experiment parameter design xln shape and volume size is an important ring, when shape is semisphere, need make spherical hole at the shop fixtures bed of material.Liquid runs into the grate-layer material heat and is absorbed by a large amount of, and upper surface layer leans on air cooling, the cooling of can spraying water in right amount in case of necessity, the maintenance that produces the unfavorable equipment of water vapour.Use grate-layer material to cover top meeting accelerate crystallisation.
Back and forth move the section form that beat and grate-layer material form by pallet tracked machine running speed degree, slag flow velocity and crystallization bag and determined parameter separately.Change shop fixtures layer section form and pallet tracked machine travelling speed, the shape of adjusting xln is played a major role.Adjustment crystallization bag is followed the distance and design liquid flow rate of pallet tracked machine with the speed operation, has confirmed the weight of single xln.
The crystalline solid medial temperature that after overcooling, forms should be at 1000-1200 ℃.The temperature of the xln of discharging through the solid waste heat boiler is at 200 ℃, and the pallet tracked machine adopts variable-frequency motor to drive, and reaches the weight of adjustment ingot through the speed of adjustment operation.Because the crystallization bag is to-and-fro movement, the pallet tracked machine is movement continuously, has formed the xln of monolithic, generates electricity for use in waste heat boiler.The crystallization connection situation that possibly occur at knocker of the exit end place of pallet tracked machine installation is in case of necessity opened, and guarantees to form the xln of monolithic.Fall into high temperature transport trolley or insulating container after forming the high temperature crystallization body.Adopt high temperature transport trolley or insulating container with cover, realize insulation, reduce thermosteresis, then be transported to waste heat boiler, the waste heat boiler that also can be designed to directly pack into carries out the refrigerative mode, decides according to the actual techniques condition.It is low that the pallet tracked machine can be designed to feed end, and the form that afterbody is high realizes promoting height of materials, waits the logistlcs technology requirement with what satisfy exit end discharging height.Its pallet tracked machine operating mode synoptic diagram is seen Fig. 5.
Utilizing the technical difficult points of high temperature furnace slag liquation generating is that liquation is become solids.To solid-state process, high temperature furnace slag can not have directly with hardware and contacts from liquid cooled, can not heat directly and in a large number be sent on the device body, and the rising that device temperature is bigger will make equipment quicken to damage or cisco unity malfunction.
The key of head it off is the blast furnace slag bed course of one deck normal temperature on the pallet upper berth; Granularity and thickness is by test decision, with contacting of fluid partitioning slag and pallet, protects pallet not receive temperatures involved generation crackle and damage; Play rapid reduction bottom temp simultaneously, stop bonding situation.The moving characteristics of crystallization contracted affreightment also are one of key points, the motion realization through the crystallization bag fixedly discharge port satisfy the fixed point casting requirement of pallet tracked machine in service relatively.
3.3. waste heat boiler
The technology of utilizing the high-temperature material process of cooling to give off energy is very ripe, the for example cooling of high temperature coke (Dry Quenching Technology).Red-hot incendiary coke is passed to boiler through the circulation of oxygenless gas with heat and is realized cogeneration in the quenching stove, red-hot coke gets in the stove from the top of waste heat boiler continuously, after cooling, discharges i.e. dry coke quenching cogeneration continuously.The cooling of red-hot slag is similar to dry quenching system after the crystallization, and its difference is that slag can not burn, and heat-exchange gas can contain oxygen.On the other hand because the slag material characteristic is different from coke, and the feeding machine of furnace bottom should adopt apron feeder, to adapt to higher temperature, bigger load and to have good equipment wear resistance.Whether the slag of discharging waste heat boiler should be lower than 200 ℃ temperature, then need continue to take measures to force cooling, should look actual requirement and decides.
The method that a kind of blast-furnace cement sensible heat of the present invention reclaims and generates electricity, its advantage and effect are: utilizing the sensible heat recovery and the generating of high temperature furnace slag is a kind of good method of save energy energetically, and it can play an important role for reducing environmental pollution and energy-saving and emission-reduction.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 waste heat boiler is installed in outside structural representation
Fig. 2 waste heat boiler is installed in outside another kind of structural representation
Fig. 3 crystallization job contract condition synoptic diagram
Fig. 4 high temperature furnace slag liquation of the present invention energy generating schema
Fig. 5 pallet tracked machine of the present invention operating mode synoptic diagram
Embodiment
See Fig. 4, the method that a kind of blast-furnace cement sensible heat of the present invention reclaims and generates electricity, its embodiment is:
High-temperature liquid state slag in the buffering precooling slag liquid pool of flowing through cools off with recirculated air, and the waste heat boiler that the recirculated air after being heated goes to heat buffering precooling slag liquid pool produces the water vapour generating, and cooled recirculated air is got back to the import of recirculation blower.The high temperature furnace slag liquation is reduced near the crystalline temperature temperature through air cooling and discharges buffering precooling slag liquid pool; Wander on the pallet tracked machine in the movement continuously through the crystallization bag; Continue methods for cooling such as air cooling, appropriateness water spray; Form the high temperature crystallization body; (its surface temperature control is more than 1000 ℃) are delivered to this high temperature crystallization body and are continued to be cooled to 200 ℃ of discharge solid waste heat boilers in the solid waste heat boiler, further cool off with fragmentation then, sieve, and realize cooling off the technical object of blast-furnace slag.And through power unit generating of the common promotion of the steam of two waste heat boiler combination results.(promptly cushion the waste heat boiler and the solid waste heat boiler of precooling molten slag bath.)
Wherein, The slag process of cooling is made up of three phases; The first step is in buffering precooling slag liquid pool; Reduce the temperature of liquid slag and heat the generating of waste heat boiler generation water vapour through air inerchange and/or radiating method, make the temperature of liquation be reduced to suitable beginning crystalline temperature, for (slag) crystallization is prepared; Second step was on the pallet tracked machine, further to reduce fluid temperature to realize crystallization, accomplished the purpose of making the high-temp solid ingot; The 3rd step was the high temperature crystallization piece to be delivered to further reduce the purpose that temperature realizes cogeneration in the solid slag waste heat boiler.
Wherein, take fragmentation, screening to handle to the slag that is cooled to normal temperature.Part slag after the processing returned for second step as the backflow slag and uses as grate-layer material; To isolate contacting of hot slag liquid and equipment; And can absorb xln surface heat rapidly; Form the solid-state of predetermined shape, guarantee that the metal section and part of equipment is in low-temperature condition, realize the target of mechanical means steady running.Unnecessary slag transports.Shop fixtures layer on pallet tracked machine pallet can be paved into blanket layer or carry out place mat by the section form of design; Also can make the sphere hole of fixed range etc.; Liquation is poured into the xln shape that forms anticipation in the hole, and xln is discontinuous monomer, promptly is called ingot.At the upper surface of xln,, repave the backflow slag in case of necessity, make the top fully crystalline slag completion crystallization of lowering the temperature rapidly as yet at the outlet section of pallet tracked machine.High temperature furnace slag after the crystallization is delivered to the generating of solid slag waste heat boiler.
Send into the solid slag waste heat boiler after will accomplishing crystalline high-temp solid piece and the place mat slag separating and continue cooling, produce steam-electric power.Whether the solid slag that cooling back is discharged waste heat boiler and had a certain temperature energy can continue to utilize its energy is not the scope that present patent application relates to.Above-mentioned slag treatment process has satisfied slag refrigerative target.Be about to red-hot liquid slag cools to the temperature that can transport outward, realized appropriate granular technical object through broken and screening.
Wherein, the pre-cooled mode before the crystallization is following: the high-temp liquid slag temperature needs to get into buffering precooling molten slag bath precooling treatment about 1500 ℃, reach the precooling Buffer Pool effect that the continous-stable operation needs with the system of assurance.Heat exchange has two kinds of forms to select:
A kind of waste heat boiler heat exchanger that above hot melt liquid, is provided with produces steam with hot melt liquid transfer of heat to waste heat boiler through circulation axis flow fan and method of radiating.Adopt the air pressure in this method buffering precooling molten slag bath identical with outside atmosphere pressure; See Fig. 1 for details.
Another kind method is with gas blower refrigeration cycle gas to be blown into buffering precooling molten slag bath; Hot melt liquid exit end top is blast inlet; From hot melt liquid entrance end top be air outlet, and flow to waste heat boiler (reverse cooling), get back to the import of recirculation blower after the air cooling.Adopting this method buffering precooling molten slag bath inner air pressure is the blower fan top hole pressure.The import and export of hot melt liquid will have particular design, do not flow out to guarantee warm air from the import and export of hot melt liquid, thus the flow that needs regulation and control to export.1 or several relief outlets are opened in the outlet of hot melt liquid.Liquation flows in the crystallization bag of below, accomplishes shunting casting task by the crystallization bag.See Fig. 2 for details.
Relating to particular problems more of the present invention below is described as follows:
3.1 the cast of hot melt liquid and crystallization bag
The effect of crystallization bag is to solve to export effusive hot melt liquid from fixing buffering precooling molten slag bath and fall on the pallet tracked machine the motion, realizes that whereabouts hot melt liquid is falling a little to be synchronized with the movement with the pallet tracked machine, and the completion xln is the purpose of independent structure crystal block.When the crystallization bag is done rapid return motion, under the acceleration stresses effect, be successive though flow out hot melt liquid from the outlet of buffering precooling molten slag bath, crystallization contracts out mouth should not have the hot melt flow to go out.The face shaping and the dimensional change that reach the output ingot are controlled, do not connect each other.When returning, make crystallization bag angle of inclination through mechanical action earlier in case of necessity, raise out open height, realize cutout design more completely.The outlet shape of crystallization bag and latus rectum are confirmed after testing according to a plurality of parameters such as design shape of ingot.Drive the moving equipment of crystallization contracted affreightment and do not discuss, the movement velocity that should satisfy working stroke is identical with the travelling speed of pallet tracked machine, realizes returning at a high speed.The crystallization bag can be made an integral body or a plurality of monomer, and when the crystallization bag was integral body, the outlet of buffering precooling molten slag bath was designed to 1 or several, and liquation is fallen the crystallization bag, is accomplished shunting and is followed the casting that the pallet tracked machine is synchronized with the movement by the crystallization bag.The outlet of buffering precooling molten slag bath is designed to 1 or several, needs to confirm through experiment, respectively casts the rate of discharge error in certain scope with satisfied being diverted to.Crystallization job contract condition synoptic diagram is seen Fig. 3.
3.2 the crystallization of slag liquation
Have on the tracked machine of continuous pallet to dropping to one from the effusive liquation of crystallization bag, this equipment is called: the pallet tracked machine.Hot melt liquid is accomplished crystallization before the pallet tracked machine transports end, the heart portion of ingot can be liquid state or soft state, preserves the utilization ratio of heat energy raising system capacity as much as possible.Through experiment parameter design xln shape and volume size is an important ring, when shape is semisphere, need make spherical hole at the shop fixtures bed of material.Liquid runs into the grate-layer material heat and is absorbed by a large amount of, and upper surface layer leans on air cooling, the cooling of can spraying water in right amount in case of necessity, the maintenance that produces the unfavorable equipment of water vapour.Use grate-layer material to cover top meeting accelerate crystallisation.Back and forth move the section form that beat and grate-layer material form by pallet tracked machine running speed degree, slag flow velocity and crystallization bag and determined parameter separately.Change shop fixtures layer section form and pallet tracked machine travelling speed, the shape of adjusting xln is played a major role.Adjustment crystallization bag is followed the distance and design liquid flow rate of pallet tracked machine with the speed operation, has confirmed the weight of single xln.
The crystalline solid medial temperature that after overcooling, forms should be at 1000-1200 ℃.The temperature of the xln of discharging through the solid waste heat boiler is at 200 ℃, and the pallet tracked machine adopts variable-frequency motor to drive, and reaches the weight of adjustment ingot through the speed of adjustment operation.Because the crystallization bag is to-and-fro movement, the pallet tracked machine is movement continuously, has formed the xln of monolithic, generates electricity for use in waste heat boiler.The crystallization connection situation that possibly occur at knocker of the exit end place of pallet tracked machine installation is in case of necessity opened, and guarantees to form the xln of monolithic.Fall into high temperature transport trolley or insulating container after forming the high temperature crystallization body.Adopt high temperature transport trolley or insulating container with cover, realize insulation, reduce thermosteresis, then be transported to waste heat boiler, the waste heat boiler that also can be designed to directly pack into carries out the refrigerative mode, decides according to the actual techniques condition.It is low that the pallet tracked machine can be designed to feed end, and the form that afterbody is high realizes promoting height of materials, waits the logistlcs technology requirement with what satisfy exit end discharging height.Its pallet tracked machine operating mode synoptic diagram is seen Fig. 5.
Utilizing the technical difficult points of high temperature furnace slag liquation generating is that liquation is become solids.To solid-state process, high temperature furnace slag can not have directly with hardware and contacts from liquid cooled, can not heat directly and in a large number be sent on the device body, and the rising that device temperature is bigger will make equipment quicken to damage or cisco unity malfunction.
The key of head it off is the blast furnace slag bed course of one deck normal temperature on the pallet upper berth; Granularity and thickness is by test decision, with contacting of fluid partitioning slag and pallet, protects pallet not receive temperatures involved generation crackle and damage; Play rapid reduction bottom temp simultaneously, stop bonding situation.
The moving characteristics of crystallization contracted affreightment also are one of key points, the motion realization through the crystallization bag fixedly discharge port satisfy the fixed point casting requirement of pallet tracked machine in service relatively.
3.3. waste heat boiler
The technology of utilizing the high-temperature material process of cooling to give off energy is very ripe, the for example cooling of high temperature coke (Dry Quenching Technology).Red-hot incendiary coke is passed to boiler through the circulation of oxygenless gas with heat and is realized cogeneration in the quenching stove, red-hot coke gets in the stove from the top of waste heat boiler continuously, after cooling, discharges i.e. dry coke quenching cogeneration continuously.The cooling of red-hot slag is similar to dry quenching system after the crystallization, and its difference is that slag can not burn, and heat-exchange gas can contain oxygen.On the other hand because the slag material characteristic is different from coke, and the feeding machine of furnace bottom should adopt apron feeder, to adapt to higher temperature, bigger load and to have good equipment wear resistance.Whether the slag of discharging waste heat boiler should be lower than 200 ℃ temperature, then need continue to take measures to force cooling, should look actual requirement and decides.
Claims (4)
1. a blast-furnace cement sensible heat reclaims and the method for generating; It is characterized in that: its high-temperature liquid state slag in the buffering precooling slag liquid pool of flowing through cools off with recirculated air; The waste heat boiler that recirculated air after being heated goes to heat buffering precooling slag liquid pool produces the water vapour generating; Cooled recirculated air is got back to the import of recirculation blower, and the high temperature furnace slag liquation is reduced near the crystalline temperature temperature through air cooling and discharges buffering precooling slag liquid pool, wander on the pallet tracked machine in the movement continuously through the crystallization bag; Continue air cooling, appropriateness water spray methods for cooling; Form the high temperature crystallization body, this high temperature crystallization body is delivered to continued to be cooled to 200 ℃ in the solid waste heat boiler and discharge the solid waste heat boilers, further cooling and broken, screening then; Realize the technical object of cooling blast-furnace slag, and the steam of waste heat boiler through two waste heat boilers-promptly cushion precooling molten slag bath and solid waste heat boiler combination results is common promotes a power unit and generate electricity.
2. the method that a kind of blast-furnace cement sensible heat according to claim 1 reclaims and generates electricity; It is characterized in that: the slag process of cooling is made up of three phases; The first step is in buffering precooling slag liquid pool; Reduce the temperature of liquid slag and heat the generating of waste heat boiler generation water vapour through air inerchange and/or radiating method, make the temperature of liquation be reduced to suitable beginning crystalline temperature, for the slag crystallization is prepared; Second step was on the pallet tracked machine, further to reduce the liquid slag temperature to realize crystallization, accomplished the purpose of making the high-temp solid ingot; The 3rd step was the high temperature crystallization piece to be delivered to further reduce the purpose that temperature realizes cogeneration in the solid slag waste heat boiler.
3. the method that a kind of blast-furnace cement sensible heat according to claim 1 reclaims and generates electricity is characterized in that: take fragmentation, screening to handle to the slag that is cooled to normal temperature; Part slag after the processing returned for second step as the backflow slag and uses as grate-layer material; To isolate contacting of hot slag liquid and equipment; And absorb xln surface heat rapidly, form the solid-state of predetermined shape, guarantee that the metal section and part of equipment is in low-temperature condition; Realize the target of mechanical means steady running, unnecessary slag transports; Shop fixtures layer on pallet tracked machine pallet is paved into blanket layer or carries out place mat by the section form of design; Also can make the sphere hole of fixed range; Liquation is poured into the xln shape that forms anticipation in the hole, and xln is discontinuous monomer, promptly is called ingot; At the upper surface of xln,, repave the backflow slag in case of necessity, make the top fully crystalline slag completion crystallization of lowering the temperature rapidly as yet at the outlet section of pallet tracked machine; Send into the solid slag waste heat boiler after will accomplishing crystalline high-temp solid piece and the place mat slag separating and continue cooling, produce steam-electric power.
4. the method that a kind of blast-furnace cement sensible heat according to claim 1 reclaims and generates electricity; It is characterized in that: when the high-temp liquid slag gets into buffering precooling molten slag bath precooling treatment; Heat exchange has two kinds of forms: a kind of waste heat boiler heat exchanger that above hot melt liquid, is provided with produces steam with hot melt liquid transfer of heat to waste heat boiler through circulation axis flow fan and method of radiating; Another kind is with gas blower refrigeration cycle gas to be blown into buffering precooling molten slag bath; Hot melt liquid exit end top is blast inlet; From hot melt liquid entrance end top is air outlet; And flow to the reverse cooling of waste heat boiler, and get back to the import of recirculation blower after the air cooling, adopting this method buffering precooling molten slag bath inner air pressure is the blower fan top hole pressure.
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