CN102603379A - Processing method for organic solid waste - Google Patents
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- CN102603379A CN102603379A CN2012100747985A CN201210074798A CN102603379A CN 102603379 A CN102603379 A CN 102603379A CN 2012100747985 A CN2012100747985 A CN 2012100747985A CN 201210074798 A CN201210074798 A CN 201210074798A CN 102603379 A CN102603379 A CN 102603379A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a processing method for organic solid waste. The processing method comprises the following steps of: A, a step of processing raw materials, wherein the organic solid waste is ground to obtain ground materials; B, a step of naturally stacking and fermenting, wherein the ground materials are naturally stacked and fermented; C, a step of carrying out earthworms composting, wherein earthworms are added into the materials which are naturally stacked and fermented and in the process, leachate is generated; and D, a step of carrying out dry anaerobic fermentation, wherein the fermented materials are turned and stirred at regular intervals to obtain fermented biogas residues and in the process, leachate is generated. The invention also relates to a step (E) of carrying out high temperature aerobic fermentation after the step of carrying out the dry anaerobic fermentation, wherein the moisture content of the fermented biogas residues in the step (D) is regulated into a range in which the high temperature aerobic fermentation can be carried out so as to carry out the high temperature aerobic fermentation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to environmental protection and energy utilization technology field; Be specifically related to the treatment process of organic solid castoff, especially organic solid castoffs such as the organic composition in the domestic refuse, fruits and vegetables rubbish, feces of livestock and poultry, stalk in time handles and recycling on the spot.
Background technology
Constantly increase with organic solid castoff refuse productions such as the organic composition in town dweller and urban residents' the domestic refuse, fruits and vegetables rubbish, feces of livestock and poultry, stalks; The ratio that accounts for domestic refuse is higher, has brought immense pressure for collection, transhipment and the treatment and disposal of current domestic waste.
How realizing surplus innoxious, minimizing and the resource utilization with fruits and vegetables rubbish in kitchen, is the problem of people's growing interest.
The nature stack retting is meant directly to be banked up organic solid giving up, and need not the oxygen supply of ventilating in this stage.
The earthworm compost is to utilize earthworm and action of microorganisms that the depleted organism is converted into useful soil ulmin.Earthworm has surprising phagocytic activity (day amount of eating can reach the several times of its body weight), but and multiple enzymes such as its digestive tube extracellular proteinase, lypase, cellulase, chitin enzyme, glycase, most organic wastes there is stronger Decomposition.After organic substance was ingested by earthworm, few part was utilized by direct assimilation, most of through earthworm intravital grind with squeezing action after discharge with particulate state, play the effect that is similar to extruder grain, thereby reach the purpose of physically modified.Simultaneously, earthworm can promote microbic activity, and organic decomposition and conversion have been quickened in the combined action between them; And the stink that can effectively remove or suppress to produce in the composting process; But this method fermentation efficiency higher temperatures aerobic fermentation is poor, and can't realize organic solid castoff the maximization recycle (referring to Lay J.J., Li Y.Y. etc.; Influence of pH and ammonia concentration on themethane production in high-solids digestion processes [J]; Water Environment Research, 1998,70 (5): 1075-1082; And Salerno M.B., ParkW., ZuoY. etc., Inhibition of biohydrogen production by ammonia [J], Water Research, 2006,40:1167-1172).
Dry-type anaerobic fermentation is called high solid anaerobic digestion again, is meant that total solids level greatly under 20 to 40% situation, utilizes anerobes that it is decomposed into CH
4, CO
2, H
2The zymotechnique of gases such as S, dry-type anaerobic fermentation process are extremely complicated, need multiple mikrobe to participate in reaction, and want the substep segmentation to carry out.During the fermentation, different mikrobes influences each other, mutual restriction, forms the complicated ecosystem.Compare with wet type fermentation, dried zymotechnique mainly has water saving, practices thrift management methane-generating pit required man-hour; The pond holds factor of created gase than advantages such as height, the influences such as microorganism active but dry-type anaerobic fermentation is technological, and the degradation efficiency of material is poor than earthworm compost and high-temperature aerobic fermentation; Particularly the degradation efficiency of Mierocrystalline cellulose, lignin material and palliating degradation degree are lower (referring to [1] Li Xiang, Zhao Lixin, Han Jie etc.; The new direction of agricultural wastes recycling---sludge gas dry fermentation technology [J]; China's biogas, 2006,24 (4): 23-27; [2] Li Dong, Ma Longlong, Yuan Zhenhong etc.; South China's rice straw normal temperature dry-type anaerobic fermentation experimental study [J], EI, 2006; 22 (12): and [3] Weiland P., Anaerobic waste digestion in germany-status andrecent developments [J], Biodegradation; 2000,11 (6): 415-421).
In high-temperature aerobic fermentation, the aerobic compost heap temperature is high, generally at 50-65 ℃; So also be called During High-Temperature Composting, be meant that will pile rotten organic materials mixes with stopping composition according to a certain percentage, under suitable moisture, aeration condition; Make microbial reproduction and degraded organic; Thereby generation high temperature kills wherein pathogeny bacterium and weed seed, makes the organism stabilization.High-temperature aerobic fermentation can improve composting efficiency; Quicken the degraded of material in the material; Effectively kill objectionable impurities and sick worm's ovum in the heap body, when the object being treated water ratio is higher, after adding stalk class regulator; Hard-degraded substances such as Mierocrystalline cellulose wherein and xylogen are difficult to made full use of by aerobic microbiological at short notice, have influence on the efficient of compost; Though the high temperature in the high-temperature aerobic fermentation process can be realized the innoxious of organic solid castoff well simultaneously; But the high-temperature aerobic fermentation energy consumption is high; Less economical (referring to [1] Lin Daiyan, Yang Jing etc., microorganism species Study of variation law [J] in the producing fertilizer from refuse in daily life fermentation; The biotechnology circular, 2006 supplementary issues: 387-393; [2] Wei Zimin, the seat Big Dipper, Zhao Yue etc., domestic waste inoculating microbe compost is to the influence [J] of organic acid variation and compost maturity, environmental science, 2006,27 (2): 376-380; [3] Lv Fan, He Pinjing etc., the generation of perishable organic wastes and treatment technology approach be [J] relatively, environmental pollution treatment technology be equipped with 2003,4 (8): 46-50; [4] Huang Guofeng, Zhong Liuju etc., the nitrogen in the pig manure treating processes change and rotten degree research [J], Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2002,13 (11): 1459-1462; [5] Wei Zimin, the seat Big Dipper etc., producing fertilizer from refuse in daily life humic acid dynamic spectrum characteristic research [J], spectroscopy and spectroscopic analysis, 2007,27 (11): 2275-2278).
Earthworm compost, dry-type anaerobic fermentation, high-temperature aerobic fermentation can be innoxious as organic solid castoff, the effective ways of recycling treatment; But pay close attention to the research of single technology at present more; Use design science, rationally, can realize that solid waste is carried out on the spot, the timely fermentation process of treatment and disposal; Make full use of the advantage of various treatment technologies; The processing parameter that correlation technique is connected is explored in design, be ensure that solid waste is innoxious, minimizing and the resource utilization effective means of carrying out smoothly at utmost, can make solid waste obtain effective minimizing, innoxious and recycling treatment is disposed.
Therefore; Design is to organic solid castoff; Especially the dry-type anaerobic fermentation device that the harmless treatment of the organic composition in the domestic refuse, fruits and vegetables rubbish, feces of livestock and poultry, stalk etc., recycling treatment are utilized; Low, the easy to operate degraded hard-degraded substance of cost of development, reduce the preconditioning technique of the water ratio in the material, fully realize the technology of organic solid castoff recycle, particularly important for innoxious, the minimizing and the resource utilization of organic solid castoff.
Summary of the invention
One embodiment of the invention provide a kind of treatment process that is used for organic solid castoff, the treating method comprises nature stack retting, earthworm compost, dry-type anaerobic fermentation and high-temperature aerobic fermentation combination treatment method.In one embodiment; After organic solid castoffs such as the organic composition in the domestic refuse, fruits and vegetables rubbish, feces of livestock and poultry, stalk are pulverized; The nature stack retting; Inoculate earthworm afterwards and carry out the earthworm compost, utilize the phagolysis of earthworm, larger molecular organicses such as cellulose family in the organic solid castoff are tentatively degraded; Carry out dry-type anaerobic fermentation subsequently; Utilize the dry-type anaerobic fermentation effect of anaerobion; Realize organic degraded and generation energy biogas in solid the giving up; Then that dry-type anaerobic fermentation is good material carries out high-temperature aerobic fermentation, makes good use of oxygen animalcule and fast the organic matter degradation in the material is formed stable structure, solves the problem that organic solid castoffs such as organic composition, fruits and vegetables rubbish, feces of livestock and poultry, stalk pollute and waste in the domestic refuse.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, in one embodiment, the present invention relates to a kind of treatment process that is used for organic solid castoff, the treating method comprises following steps:
A) raw material treatment step is wherein pulverized organic solid castoff, the material after obtaining to pulverize;
B) natural stack retting step is wherein with the nature of the material after said pulverizing stack retting;
C) earthworm compost step wherein adds earthworm in the material through the nature stack retting, in this process, produce percolate;
D) dry-type anaerobic fermentation step wherein regularly stirs the material turning in the fermentation, and the natural pond slag that obtains fermenting produces percolate in this process.
In one embodiment, in the raw material treatment step, the particle diameter of the material after the pulverizing preferred 3 to 5cm is more preferably less than 3 to 4cm, most preferably 4cm.When the particle diameter of material during less than 5cm, directly to ferment, the difficulty in can avoiding handling is practiced thrift cost.
In one embodiment, preferred 3 days to 7 days of the time that natural stack retting step continues, more preferably 5 days to 7 days, most preferably 6 days.When time length less than in the time of 3 days, can influence effectively killing of objectionable impurities and sick worm's ovum in the heap body; Long when the time length, a large amount of nutritive substances are consumed, and are uneconomic.
In one embodiment, in earthworm compost step, preferred 20,000/ton to 30,000/ton of earthworm dosage, more preferably 2.3 ten thousand/ton to 2.7 ten thousand/ton, most preferably 2.5 ten thousand/ton.When 20,000 of dosage less thaies, can reduce the earthworm compost in the speed of starting period, prolong the compost time; When dosage during more than 30,000, processing cost increases.
In one embodiment, said earthworm compost step is preferably carried out at 5 ℃ to 25 ℃, and more preferably 15 to 25 ℃, most preferably 25 ℃.When this temperature is lower than 5 ℃, have influence on the biological activity of earthworm, reduce composting efficiency, when this temperature is higher than 25 ℃, be unfavorable for the growth and breeding of earthworm.
In one embodiment, said earthworm compost step was preferably carried out 5 days to 10 days, and more preferably 8 to 10 days, most preferably 8 days.When this step deficiency of time in the time of 5 days; Piling macromolecular substance such as intravital Mierocrystalline cellulose, xylogen fails fully to be degraded by earthworm; Have influence on the utilization of anaerobion in the dry-type anaerobic fermentation process; When this step time surpassed 10 days, nutritive substance was consumed, and can not satisfy the nutritional needs of dry-type anaerobic fermentation stage anaerobion.
In one embodiment, turning is stirred in the dry-type anaerobic fermentation step frequency preferred every day 2 to 5 times, more preferably 3 to 4 times, most preferably 4 times.When this frequency is lower than every day 2 times; The homogeneity of mikrobe reduces, and reduces the contact area of mikrobe and nutritive substance, when this frequency is higher than every day 5 times; Mikrobe is shorter in the nutritive substance surface field planting time, and mikrobe fails the nutrition that is contacted is fully degraded.
In one embodiment, the dry-type anaerobic fermentation step is preferably carried out at 25 ℃ to 40 ℃, and more preferably 30 ℃ to 37 ℃, most preferably 37 ℃.When this temperature is lower than 25 ℃, anaerobion will stop growing, and when this temperature was higher than 40 ℃, temperature had surpassed the optimum temperuture of anaeration in normal temperature mikrobe, and microorganism active reduces.
In one embodiment, the dry-type anaerobic fermentation step was preferably carried out 25 days to 45 days, and more preferably 28 days to 32 days, most preferably 30 days.When this step deficiency of time in the time of 25 days, nutritive substance fails fully to be degraded by mikrobe, when this step time surpasses 45 days, has influence on the utilising efficiency of fermentation installation.
In one embodiment, said treatment process is further comprising the steps of:
E) high-temperature aerobic fermentation step is wherein with step D) described in the water ratio of the natural pond slag that ferments be adjusted to and can carry out in the scope of high-temperature aerobic fermentation it being carried out high-temperature aerobic fermentation.
In one embodiment, in the high-temperature aerobic fermentation step, preferably utilize the said percolate that produces in said earthworm compost step and the said dry-type anaerobic fermentation step to regulate the water ratio of the said natural pond slag that ferments.Like this, can reduce the generation of secondary pollutant in the organic solid castoff treating processes, and realize zero disposal of pollutants as far as possible.
In one embodiment, preferably in the high-temperature aerobic fermentation step, water ratio is adjusted to 50% to 65%, more preferably 55% to 60%, most preferably 60%.When water ratio was lower than 50%, water deficient in the heap body reduced microorganism active, when water ratio is higher than 65%, was easy in the heap body, form anaerobic zone, was unfavorable for the carrying out of high-temperature aerobic fermentation.
In one embodiment, the high-temperature aerobic fermentation step is preferably carried out at 50 ℃ to 75 ℃, and more preferably 55 ℃ to 60 ℃, most preferably 55 ℃.When this temperature was lower than 50 ℃, remaining nutritive substance was easy to grow the disease worm's ovum in the heap body, when this temperature is higher than 75 ℃, was unfavorable for piling the growth and breeding of aerobic microbiological in the body.
In one embodiment, the high-temperature aerobic fermentation step was preferably carried out 10 to 20 days, and more preferably 12 to 20 days, most preferably 15 days.When this step deficiency of time in the time of 10 days, do not utilize killing of toxic substance, sick worm's ovum in the heap body, when this step time surpasses 20 days, need energy supply, cause the wasting of resources.
In one embodiment, said organic solid castoff comprises organic composition in the domestic refuse, fruits and vegetables rubbish, feces of livestock and poultry, stalk etc., or their mixture.In one embodiment, said organic solid castoff preferably is made up of the mixture of the organic composition in the domestic refuse, fruits and vegetables rubbish, feces of livestock and poultry, stalk etc. basically.
In one embodiment, employed earthworm comprises Eisenia foetida, Pheretima aspergillum, Bing Shi Pheretimatschiliensis etc. in earthworm compost step, is preferably Eisenia foetida.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic flow sheet that is used for the treatment process of organic solid castoff of the present invention.
Embodiment
In an illustrative embodiments of the present invention, operate according to following steps:
At first the solid waste of different sources is carried out categorised collection, domestic refuse, straw, feces of livestock and poultry etc. are stored classifiedly in the source;
Organic solid castoffs such as the organic composition in the domestic refuse, fruits and vegetables rubbish, feces of livestock and poultry, stalk are simply pulverized, made material particular diameter less than 5cm;
Nature stack retting 3 to 7 days;
In the material of pulverizing mixing, add earthworm, dosage density is 20,000/ton to 30,000/ton, under 15 ℃ to 25 ℃, carries out the earthworm compost 5 to 10 days;
To carry out dry-type anaerobic fermentation through the good material of earthworm compost fermentation, and need carry out turning to material in the fermenting process and stir, stirring frequency is 2 to 5 times/day, and temperature was controlled at 25 ℃ to 40 ℃ bottom fermentations 25 to 45 days;
Utilize the percolate that produces in earthworm compost and the dry-type anaerobic fermentation process, the natural pond slag water ratio that the step dry-type anaerobic fermentation is produced is adjusted to 50% to 65%, carries out high-temperature aerobic fermentation 10 to 20 days at 50 ℃ to 75 ℃.
Embodiment
Describe embodiments of the invention below in detail.
In an embodiment; Water ratio, organic content, total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), total potassium (TK) content etc. are according to being measured by the measuring method of The Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China, MOA's record in " the fertilizer standard NY525-2002 " of promulgation on December 1st, 2002, and this standard generally is used to weigh the quality of organic fertilizer product.Total solids massfraction (TS), volatile solid massfraction (VS), C/N ratio (C/N), content of humic acid are measured according to following method:
1, total solids massfraction (TS)
Total solids massfraction (TS) is meant the mass fraction of solids that sample is calculated after drying to constant weight under 100 ± 5 ℃, refer to that promptly sample removes the part after the moisture, and concrete grammar is following:
Take by weighing the sample that 4～6g has mixed, place the crucible that dries to constant weight, put into baking oven, behind (100 ± 5) ℃ following dry 4h, take out to put into and weigh after moisture eliminator is cooled to room temperature.Repeat dry 0.5h, cooling is weighed, till constant weight (front and back are of poor quality less than 2mg).
The result calculates:
In this formula:
W (TS) is the massfraction of total solids, in degree;
m
1Be the quality of crucible before drying by the fire and sample, unit is g;
m
2For drying by the fire the quality of back crucible and sample, unit is g;
m
0Quality for crucible.
2, volatile solid massfraction (VS)
Volatile solid massfraction (VS) is meant the constant weight sample of measuring TS is placed 550 ± 5 ℃ of following calcinations 30 minutes, obtains ash content quality amount.
The constant weight sample of measuring total solids taken out after 30 minutes to put in 550 ± 5 ℃ of following calcinations weigh after moisture eliminator is cooled to room temperature.Repeat calcination, cooling is weighed, till constant weight (front and back are of poor quality less than 2mg).
The result calculates:
In this formula:
W (VS) is the massfraction of volatile matter, in degree;
W (ash content) is the massfraction of ash content, in degree;
m
1Be the quality of crucible before drying by the fire and sample, unit is g;
m
2Be the quality of crucible before the calcination with the oven dry sample, unit is g;
m
3Be the quality of crucible after the calcination and ash content sample, unit is g;
m
0Be the quality of crucible, unit is g.
3, C/N ratio (C/N)
C/N ratio (C/N) is meant the ratio of massfraction of massfraction and the nitrogen of carbon in the fermentation raw material.Measuring method is following:
(1) mensuration of carbon
1) specimen preparation: take by weighing sample 0.02～0.025g (accurately to 0.0001g), insert in the 150mL Erlenmeyer flask, add the pulverous Ag of 0.1g
2SO
4, use automatic zero burette then, accurately add the 0.4mol/L K of 10.00mL
2Cr
2O
7-H
2SO
4Solution shakes up.
2) disappear and boil: the Erlenmeyer flask that will fill sample is loaded onto a simple and easy air set pipe, places in the electric sand bath that is preheating to 200～230 ℃ and heats, and when simple and easy air set pipe lower end falls first phlegma, picks up counting, and disappears to boil (5 ± 0.5) minute.
3) titration: disappear boil finish after, Erlenmeyer flask is taken off cooling a moment from electric sand bath; With distilled water flushing prolong inwall and bottom outer wall thereof, make washings flow into former Erlenmeyer flask, the TV of the interior solution of bottle should be controlled at 60～80mL and be advisable; Add 3～5 phenanthroline indicator, use Fe
2+The remaining K of standard solution titration
2Cr
2O
7The variable color process of solution is by the orange-yellow blue-greenish colour that becomes, and becomes reddish brownly again, promptly reaches terminal point.If the K that the sample titration is used
2Cr
2O
7The volume of solution is less than the blank Fe that consumes
2+Three of standardized solution volume/for the moment, then should reduce sample weighting amount redeterminates.Do blank test simultaneously.
The result calculates: the massfraction of organic carbon is calculated as follows in the sample:
In this formula:
C (Fe
2+) be Fe
2+Concentration of standard solution, unit are mol/L;
V consumes Fe for the sample titration
2+Standardized solution volume, unit are mL;
V
0For blank titration consumes Fe
2+Standardized solution volume, unit are mL;
M is for taking by weighing sample mass, and unit is mg;
12 is the molar mass of carbon, and unit is g/mol.
(2) mensuration of nitrogen
Digestion: take by weighing 0.4～0.6g (accurately to 0.0002g) sample in Kai Shi digestion bottle, add the 10mL digestive pharmaceutical, placed 30 minutes; Add the 1.5g reductive agent; Placed 30 minutes again or placed and spend the night, carbonization at low temperature is to non-foam, and thermophilic digestion is to being tawny; Add 3～4g mixing salt, continue thermophilic digestion to Digestive system and be sapphirine.
Distillation: the refrigerative Digestive system is quantitatively changed in the Kai Shi water distilling apparatus, and this device is made up of water vapour producer, reaction flask and prolong etc.In the big flask of 1000mL, add 400mL zero(ppm) water and a little zeolite, add 5 mixture indicators, add several acid solutions, make water be red-purple, cover tight bottle cap, install device and check and whether leak gas.Measure the 30mL2% BAS, inject 100mL Erlenmeyer flask, add 1～2 of mixture indicator (solution is red-purple), place below the prolong, make tip insert BAS 1cm depths as absorption bottle.Measure the 0.4g/mL NaOH solution of 100mL, inject in the matrass by funnel, again with 2～5mL water flushing funnel, rotory piston, the overall solution volume in the matrass should be no more than the half the of solvent at this moment.Distill after 20 minutes, with a small amount of no carbonic acid gas distilled water flushing tip lower end.
Titration: to lilac red occurring, be terminal point with the absorption liquid in the HCl standard solution titration Erlenmeyer flask of 0.05mol/L.Do blank test simultaneously.
The result calculates: the massfraction of nitrogen is calculated as follows in the sample:
In this formula:
W (N) is the massfraction of N, in degree;
C (HCl) is the HCl concentration of standard solution, and unit is mol/L;
V consumes HCl standardized solution volume for the sample titration, and unit is mL;
V
0For blank titration consumes HCl standardized solution volume, unit is mL;
M is the sample mass that takes by weighing, and unit is g;
14 is the molar mass of nitrogen, and unit is g/mol.
(3) calculating of C/N ratio (C/N)
4, humus content
The mensuration of total carbon in the soil ulmin is referring to the mensuration of carbon in the carbon nitrogen.
The massfraction of soil ulmin is calculated as follows in the biogas fermentation residue:
In this formula,
V
0Consume the volume of ferrous sulfate standardized solution during-blank titration, unit is mL;
V
1-consuming the volume of ferrous sulfate standardized solution when measuring the full carbon of soil ulmin, unit is mL;
C (FeSO
4)-FeSO
4Concentration of standard solution, unit are mol/L;
12-carbon atom molar mass, unit is g/mol;
1.1-oxidation IC;
M-sample mass, unit are g.
Embodiment 1:
Sorting standard according to domestic waste; Organic wastes such as wherein meal kitchen, fruits and vegetables are sorted out, and organic solid castoff such as the fruits and vegetables rubbish of collecting with the country fair, stalk is pulverized, make material particular diameter less than 5cm after; Through measuring the basic configuration such as the table 1 of material:
The basic proterties of table 1 raw material
Mix according to changing food waste 28.3% (dry weight), fruits and vegetables rubbish 19.7% (dry weight), stalk 17.2% (dry weight), feces of livestock and poultry 34.8% (dry weight); Making material water ratio is 65%; And in the material of pulverizing mixing, adding Eisenia foetida, dosage density is 2.5 ten thousand/ton.With material stacking slivering buttress shape, the ground length of bar buttress is 10m then, and width is 3m; Highly be 1.8m, on 15 ± 1 ℃ of following stackings 8 days, the material detected result showed; Mierocrystalline cellulose and content of lignin have reduced 82.6%, 66.7% respectively, and water ratio is reduced to 56%; To carry out dry-type anaerobic fermentation through the good material of earthworm compost fermentation; Need carry out turning to material in the fermenting process stirs; Stirring frequency is 2 times/day, and temperature was controlled at 35 ± 1 ℃ of bottom fermentations 40 days, and the VS reduction is 68.6% in the fermenting process; Biogas output is 163L/kg VS, and water ratio is reduced to 47%; Utilize the percolate that produces in earthworm compost and the dry-type anaerobic fermentation process; The natural pond slag water ratio that dry-type anaerobic fermentation is produced is adjusted to 55%, and material adds among the CN201280519 in the disclosed cylinder compost reactor then, and air flow is 120L/ minute kg; Make temperature maintenance carry out high-temperature aerobic fermentation 15 days in the whole process at 55 ± 1 ℃; Water ratio is reduced to 32.8%, and organic content is reduced to 33.1%, and total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP) and total potassium (TK) content are respectively 2.01%, 1.93% and 1.82%; Content of humic acid is 20.1%, far above the requirement of fertilizer standard NY525-2002.
Embodiment 2:
Sorting standard according to domestic waste; Organic wastes such as wherein meal kitchen, fruits and vegetables are sorted out, and organic solid castoff such as the fruits and vegetables rubbish of collecting with the country fair, stalk is pulverized, make material particular diameter less than 5cm after; Through measuring the basic configuration such as the table 2 of material:
Table 2 raw material basic configuration
Mix according to changing food waste 25% (dry weight), fruits and vegetables rubbish 18% (dry weight), stalk 17% (dry weight), feces of livestock and poultry 40% (dry weight) then; To make material water ratio be 65% and in the material of pulverizing mixing, add Eisenia foetida, and dosage density is 2.7 ten thousand/ton.With material stacking slivering buttress shape, the ground length of bar buttress is 6m then, and width is 2.5m; Highly be 1.5m, on 25 ± 1 ℃ of following stackings 5 days, the material detected result showed; Mierocrystalline cellulose and content of lignin have reduced 78.3%, 59.1% respectively, and water ratio is reduced to 63%; To carry out dry-type anaerobic fermentation through the good material of earthworm compost fermentation; Need carry out turning to material in the fermenting process stirs; Stirring frequency is 3 times/day, and temperature was controlled at 35 ± 1 ℃ of bottom fermentations 25 days, and the VS reduction is 65.3% in the fermenting process; Biogas output is 189L/kg VS, and water ratio is reduced to 55.9%; Utilize the percolate that produces in earthworm compost and the dry-type anaerobic fermentation process; The natural pond slag water ratio that dry-type anaerobic fermentation is produced is adjusted to 62%, and material adds among the CN201280519 in the disclosed cylinder compost reactor then, and air flow is 100L/ minute kg; Make temperature maintenance carry out high-temperature aerobic fermentation 15 days in the whole process 55 ℃ ± 1; Material water ratio is reduced to 33.8%, and organic content is reduced to 36.7%, and TN, TP and TK content are respectively 2.77%, 2.82% and 2.31%; Content of humic acid is 21.2%, far above the requirement of fertilizer standard NY525-2002.
Control Example:
Sorting standard according to domestic waste; Organic wastes such as wherein meal kitchen, fruits and vegetables are sorted out, and organic solid castoff such as the fruits and vegetables rubbish of collecting with the country fair, stalk is pulverized, make material particular diameter less than 5cm after; Through measuring the basic configuration such as the table 2 of material:
Table 3 raw material basic configuration
Mix according to changing food waste 25% (dry weight), fruits and vegetables rubbish 18% (dry weight), stalk 17% (dry weight), feces of livestock and poultry 40% (dry weight) then, obtain material 1, its water ratio is 65%.
Handle 1: material 1 is added among the CN201280519 in the disclosed cylinder compost reactor, and air flow is 100L/ minute kg, and the heap temperature 15 days time of ferment rises to 42 ℃ by initial 32 ℃, and fail to reach a high temperature (more than 50 ℃) ferment and fail to carry out smoothly.
Handle 2: in the material 1 of pulverizing mixing, add Eisenia foetida, dosage density is 2.7 ten thousand/ton.With the material stacking slivering buttress shape that adds behind the earthworm, the ground length of bar buttress is 6m, and width is 2.5m; Highly be 1.5m, on 25 ± 1 ℃ of following stackings 5 days, detected result showed; Mierocrystalline cellulose and content of lignin have reduced 76.1%, 59.8% respectively, but water ratio is reduced to 62.1%, and content of humic acid is 8.2%; Can not satisfy the requirement of fertilizer NY525-2002, and the degree of becoming thoroughly decomposed is lower.
Handle 3: material 1 is carried out dry-type anaerobic fermentation; Need carry out turning to material in the fermenting process and stir, stirring frequency is 4 times/day, temperature is controlled under 35 ± 1 ℃ ferments; In the time of 25 days; The VS reduction is 15.9% in the fermenting process, and biogas output is 12L/kg VS, and water ratio is reduced to 63.3%; When fermentation time reached 60 days, the VS reduction was 37.1% in the fermenting process, and biogas output is 96L/kg VS, and water ratio is reduced to 59.9%; When fermentation time reached 90 days, the VS reduction was 55.6% in the fermenting process, and biogas output is 154L/kg VS, and water ratio is reduced to 56.9%.
Can find out obviously that from embodiment and control Example method of the present invention can be accelerated organic degradation rate, increase the resource utilization transformation efficiency, improve the quality of product.
Claims (10)
1. treatment process that is used for organic solid castoff the treating method comprises following steps:
A) raw material treatment step is wherein pulverized organic solid castoff, the material after obtaining to pulverize;
B) natural stack retting step is wherein with the nature of the material after said pulverizing stack retting;
C) earthworm compost step wherein adds earthworm in the material through the nature stack retting, in this process, produce percolate;
D) dry-type anaerobic fermentation step wherein regularly stirs the material turning in the fermentation, and the natural pond slag that obtains fermenting produces percolate in this process.
2. treatment process according to claim 1, the particle diameter of the material after the pulverizing in the wherein said raw material treatment step is less than 5cm.
3. treatment process according to claim 1, the time that wherein said natural stack retting step continues is 3 days to 7 days.
4. treatment process according to claim 1, in the wherein said earthworm compost step, the earthworm dosage is 20,000/ton to 30,000/ton.
5. treatment process according to claim 1, wherein said earthworm compost step was carried out 5 days to 10 days at 5 ℃ to 25 ℃.
6. treatment process according to claim 1, wherein the frequency that stirs of turning is every day 2 to 5 times.
7. treatment process according to claim 1, wherein said dry-type anaerobic fermentation step was carried out 25 to 45 days at 25 ℃ to 40 ℃.
8. treatment process according to claim 1, said treatment process also comprises:
E) high-temperature aerobic fermentation step is wherein with step D) described in the water ratio of the natural pond slag that ferments be adjusted to and can carry out in the scope of high-temperature aerobic fermentation it being carried out high-temperature aerobic fermentation.
9. treatment process according to claim 8 wherein utilizes the said percolate that produces in said earthworm compost step and the said dry-type anaerobic fermentation step to regulate the water ratio of the said natural pond slag that ferments in said high-temperature aerobic fermentation step.
10. treatment process according to claim 8 wherein is adjusted to 50% to 65% with water ratio in said high-temperature aerobic fermentation step, and said high-temperature aerobic fermentation step was carried out 10 to 20 days at 50 ℃ to 75 ℃.
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