CN102600834A - Composite catalyst for lead acid battery, and preparation method of composite catalyst - Google Patents
Composite catalyst for lead acid battery, and preparation method of composite catalyst Download PDFInfo
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- CN102600834A CN102600834A CN2012100480546A CN201210048054A CN102600834A CN 102600834 A CN102600834 A CN 102600834A CN 2012100480546 A CN2012100480546 A CN 2012100480546A CN 201210048054 A CN201210048054 A CN 201210048054A CN 102600834 A CN102600834 A CN 102600834A
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention provides a composite catalyst for a lead acid battery, and a preparation method of the composite catalyst. Carbon particles are used as a carrier for carrying a metal catalyst; the metal catalyst is platinum and/or palladium; and the carrying amount of the metal catalyst is 0.2-1 percent of the weight of the carbon particles. The composite catalyst provided by the invention is prepared by an immersion reduction method which comprises the following steps: firstly, immersing the carbon particles into ethylene glycol, adding an ethylene glycol solution containing chloroplatinic acid and/or palladium chloride, using ethylene glycol as a reducing agent under an alkaline condition, and stirring and reacting for 2-4h at 120-140 DEG to obtain the composite catalyst. The composite catalyst provided by the invention can effectively and safely catalyze the compound reaction of hydrogen and oxygen separated out from the lead acid battery, reduce the loss of water in the electrolyte, and prolong the service life of the lead acid battery. At the same time, as the loaded catalyst with a low loading amount is adopted by the invention, on the premise of effectively catalyzing the compound reaction of hydrogen and oxygen, the composite catalyst for the lead acid battery and the preparation method have the advantages that the manufacturing cost is low, the preparation process is simple, and the implementation and the amplification are easy and convenient and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to composite catalyst that lead-acid battery uses and preparation method thereof, relate in particular to the composite catalyst that is used for VRLA battery (VRLA).Catalyst provided by the invention can be effectively, the catalysis hydrogen of separating out and the recombination reaction of oxygen safely, reduces the loss of water in the electrolyte, prolongs the lead-acid battery life-span.
Background technology
Lead-acid battery was invented in 1859; Use over more than 100 year; All there have been a lot of improvement aspects such as, cycle life reliable from using value, power supply, high-multiplying power discharge; Yet general lead-acid battery has two problems to be difficult to solve: the one, and when overcharging, the water in the electrolyte can be decomposed into hydrogen and oxygen is separated out, so in use need often to give the battery supplementing water; The 2nd, electrolyte is too much, and the possibility of leakage is arranged, and the gas that carries acid mist, harmful human body the time is separated out in charging.
VRLA battery (VRLA) adopts gas complex technique again, in the charging terminal stage or when overcharging, and H in the positive pole
2Decomposition reaction takes place in O, produces oxygen and hydrogen ion, shown in reaction equation 1:
2H
2O→O
2+4H
+ (1)
The gas passage of oxygen in dividing plate is diffused into negative plate, promptly forms oxygen cycle, and with active material spongy lead and sulfuric acid reaction, make a part of active material change PbSO into
4, suppress hydrogen simultaneously and produce, shown in reaction equation (2):
2Pb+O
2→2PbO (2)
Become the PbSO of generating state owing to oxidation reaction
4, when continuing charging, reduce again and be returned on the spongy lead, shown in reaction equation 3:
PbSO
4+2H
++2e
-→Pb+H
2SO
4 (3)
Overall reaction on the negative pole is oxygen and hydrionic recombination reaction, shown in reaction equation 4:
O
2+4H
++4e
-→2H
2O (4)
Like this, the oxygen that on positive pole, produces is reduced to water on negative pole, makes the not loss of water in the lead-acid battery, so VRLA battery overcome the shortcoming of general lead-acid battery, does not need regular moisturizing, has significantly reduced maintenance workload.Because advantages such as VRLA battery have no leakage, need not moisturizing, the self discharge electric current is little, progressively replaced the lead-acid battery of other type.
VRLA battery has adopted gas complex technique again, and is through oxygen cycle that about 95% oxygen is compound at inside battery, but overcharge, under the condition such as high temperature; Water decomposition speeds up in the electrolyte; Thereby produce more oxygen and hydrogen, after gas pressure acquired a certain degree, surplus gas can opened and get rid of to choke valve (claiming safety valve again); Reduce inner pressure of battery, thereby cause the loss of water in the electrolyte.Therefore, particularly VRLA battery inside is installed by the compound valve member of catalysis, can avoids the loss of water in the electrolyte, extending battery life effectively with the hydrogen and the compound generation water of oxygen catalysis of surplus at lead-acid battery.A kind of recombinant plumbic acid battery and structure thereof are proposed in patent CN1311905A; Inner at battery container, the unit (being combination valve) that is mounted with catalyst material is connected on the housing, and part is in the space at least; After hydrogen and oxygen diffused to this reaction member, recombination reaction took place.Simultaneously, this patent also proposes composite catalyst and can adopt noble metal catalysts such as platinum, palladium.In patent CN 1244951A, also mention the application of catalyst in VRLA battery; Introduce composite catalyst in the lead-acid battery enclosure interior; Catalyst places porous ceramics, and optimum position is in the air bleeding valve of lead-acid battery, and catalyst adopts the palladium in the platinum group metal.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of lead-acid battery and use composite catalyst, said catalyst can be effectively, the catalysis lead-acid battery hydrogen of separating out and the recombination reaction of oxygen safely, reduces the loss of water in the electrolyte, prolongs the lead-acid battery life-span.Simultaneously, the present invention adopts supported catalyst and catalyst load amount lower, under the prerequisite of effectively hydrogen catalyzed and oxygen recombination reaction, have lower manufacturing cost, preparation technology simple, be prone to realize, be prone to advantages such as amplification.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the present invention specifically adopts following technical scheme: with the particle charcoal is the carrier to load metal catalyst, and said metallic catalyst is one or both in platinum, the palladium, and the load capacity of metallic catalyst is 0.2%～1% of a particle carbonaceous amount.
When said metallic catalyst was the two component of platinum, palladium, platinum, palladium press mass ratio and were made up in 1: 5～5: 1.
The present invention also provides above-mentioned Preparation of catalysts method; The present invention adopts immersion reduction method; At first the particle charcoal is immersed in the ethylene glycol, add the ethylene glycol solution of chloroplatinic acid and/or palladium bichloride then, under the alkali condition; With ethylene glycol is reducing agent, and stirring reaction obtained composite catalyst in 2～4 hours under 120～140 ℃ of temperature.
Among the present invention, according to the load capacity preparation chloroplatinic acid of required metallic catalyst and/or the ethylene glycol solution of palladium bichloride.The ethylene glycol solution concentration of palladium bichloride is 0.5～4mg/ml (containing 0.5～4mg palladium bichloride in every ml soln) among the present invention, and the ethylene glycol solution concentration of chloroplatinic acid is 1～8mg/ml (containing 1～8mg chloroplatinic acid in every ml soln).Alkali condition according to the invention is reacting solution pH value >=12; Range of reaction temperature of the present invention is 120～140 ℃, and preferable reaction temperature is 130 ℃.In the Preparation of Catalyst course of reaction, should adopt magnetic stirring apparatus or paddle agitator that reaction solution is stirred, the reaction time is 2～4 hours, the preferred reaction time is 3 hours.
Than prior art; The present invention has following advantage: adopt supported catalyst and catalyst loading amount very low; Make catalyst provided by the invention under the prerequisite of effectively hydrogen catalyzed and oxygen recombination reaction; Have lower manufacturing cost, simultaneously, preparation technology is simple, easy to be realized, is prone to amplify.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the 0.2%PtPd/C composite catalyst is to hydrogen/oxygen recombination reaction catalytic performance test curve.
The specific embodiment
Following embodiment can make those of ordinary skill in the art more fully understand the present invention, but does not limit the present invention in any way.
Embodiment 1 0.2%PtPd/C Preparation of Catalyst
The employing granular active carbon is a carrier, and the mass ratio of Pt and Pd is 1: 1, and concrete preparation technology is following:
(1) ethylene glycol solution of configuration chloroplatinic acid and palladium bichloride; It is pure that chloroplatinic acid and palladium bichloride are analysis; In the present embodiment; Weigh 1g platinum acid chloride solution and 0.5g palladium bichloride respectively, and to be mixed with 1000ml, concentration respectively be that chloroplatinic acid/ethylene glycol solution and 1000ml, the concentration of 1mg/ml is palladium bichloride/ethylene glycol solution of 0.5mg/ml;
(2) configuration NaOH/ethylene glycol solution and hydrochloric acid/ethylene glycol solution; In the present embodiment; Weigh 16g NaOH and 20ml hydrochloric acid, add 200ml ethylene glycol respectively, obtain NaOH/ethylene glycol solution of 2mol/L and hydrochloric acid/ethylene glycol solution of 3mol/L;
(3) weigh 5g granular active carbon carrier, and add 1000ml ethylene glycol, adopt agitator to stir, obtain slurry A;
(4) pipette 13.6ml and 17ml chloroplatinic acid/ethylene glycol solution and palladium bichloride/ethylene glycol solution respectively, and join among the slurry A, obtain slurry B;
(5) add 200ml NaOH/ethylene glycol solution among the slurry B, regulator solution pH value is 12, obtains slurry C;
(6) reaction temperature is risen to 120 ℃ and the lasting 3h of stirring, question response naturally cools to room temperature after accomplishing, and adds about 100ml hydrochloric acid/ethylene glycol solution;
(7) adopt to filter or method of pumping filtration, catalyst is leached, and with deionized water washing catalyst repeatedly, it is dry down at 100 ℃ that washing is placed on air dry oven;
(8) obtain the 0.2%PtPd/C catalyst after dry the completion, the mass ratio of Pt and Pd is 1: 1 in the catalyst.
Embodiment 2 0.5%Pd/C Preparation of Catalyst
The employing granular active carbon is a carrier, and concrete preparation technology is following:
(1) ethylene glycol solution of configuration palladium bichloride, palladium bichloride is pure for analyzing, and weighs the 2g palladium bichloride, is mixed with 1000ml, concentration is palladium bichloride/ethylene glycol solution of 2mg/ml;
(2) configuration NaOH/ethylene glycol solution and hydrochloric acid/ethylene glycol solution; In the present embodiment; Weigh 16g NaOH and 20ml hydrochloric acid, add 200ml ethylene glycol respectively, obtain NaOH/ethylene glycol solution of 2mol/L and hydrochloric acid/ethylene glycol solution of 3mol/L;
(3) weigh 5g granular active carbon carrier, and add 1000ml ethylene glycol, adopt agitator to stir, obtain slurry A;
(4) pipette 21.5ml palladium bichloride/ethylene glycol solution, and join among the slurry A, obtain slurry B;
(5) add about 200ml NaOH/ethylene glycol solution among the slurry B, regulator solution pH value is 12, obtains slurry C;
(6) reaction temperature is risen to 140 ℃ and continue to stir 3h, question response naturally cools to room temperature after accomplishing, and adds about 100ml hydrochloric acid/ethylene glycol solution, to the pH value less than 2;
(7) adopt to filter or method of pumping filtration, catalyst is leached, and with deionized water washing catalyst repeatedly, it is dry down at 100 ℃ that washing is placed on air dry oven;
(8) obtain the 0.5%PtPd/C catalyst after dry the completion.
Embodiment 3 1.0%Pt/C Preparation of Catalyst
The employing granular active carbon is a carrier, and concrete preparation technology is following:
(1) ethylene glycol solution of configuration chloroplatinic acid, chloroplatinic acid is pure for analyzing, and weighs the 8g chloroplatinic acid, is mixed with chloroplatinic acid/ethylene glycol solution that 1000ml concentration is 8mg/ml;
(2) configuration NaOH/ethylene glycol solution and hydrochloric acid/ethylene glycol solution; In the present embodiment; Weigh 16g NaOH and 20ml hydrochloric acid, add 200ml ethylene glycol respectively, obtain NaOH/ethylene glycol solution of 2mol/L and hydrochloric acid/ethylene glycol solution of 3mol/L;
(3) weigh 5g granular active carbon carrier, and add 1000ml ethylene glycol, adopt agitator to stir, obtain slurry A;
(4) pipette 17ml palladium bichloride/ethylene glycol solution, and join among the slurry A, obtain slurry B;
(5) add about 200ml NaOH/ethylene glycol solution among the slurry B, regulator solution pH value is 12, obtains slurry C;
(6) reaction temperature is risen to 130 ℃ and continue to stir 3h, question response naturally cools to room temperature after accomplishing, and adds about 100ml hydrochloric acid/ethylene glycol solution, to the pH value less than 2;
(7) adopt to filter or method of pumping filtration, catalyst is leached, and with deionized water washing catalyst repeatedly, it is dry down at 100 ℃ that washing is placed on air dry oven;
(8) obtain the 1.0%Pt/C catalyst after dry the completion.
Embodiment 4 0.2%PtPd/C catalyst are to hydrogen/oxygen recombination reaction catalytic performance test
Take by weighing 1g 0.2%PtPd/C catalyst, use the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) perforated membrane parcel of thickness, form a catalyst bag as 0.2mm.Adopt double faced adhesive tape or other modes this catalyst bag to be fixed on the graduated cylinder bottom of a 100ml.The graduated cylinder that will have the catalyst bag is inverted in the water; In graduated cylinder, feed the mist of hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen; Wherein the volume content of hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen is respectively 20%, 10% and 70%, continues to feed mist a period of time, guarantees that mist will get into water and the air discharge in the graduated cylinder; In graduated cylinder, be full of above-mentioned mist like this, record gas capacity this moment.Because catalyst has catalytic activity to hydrogen/oxygen recombination reaction; Hydrogen in the graduated cylinder and oxygen meeting water generation reaction; Gas consumes gradually, reduces in the graduated cylinder; Gas scale in graduated cylinder of per 30 minutes records subtracts each other with the last registration value and to be the hydrogen that 30 minutes internal reactions consume and the volume of oxygen, thereby can calculate reaction speed.Fig. 1 be the 0.2%PtPd/C catalyst to hydrogen/oxygen recombination reaction catalytic performance test curve, reaction speed is about 0.15ml/min.
Can find out by present embodiment, composite catalyst provided by the invention, its metallic catalyst load capacity is very low, but possesses advantages of high catalytic activity simultaneously, can be effectively hydrogen catalyzed and the recombination reaction of oxygen.
Claims (5)
1. a lead-acid battery is used composite catalyst, it is characterized in that, and be the carrier to load metal catalyst with the particle charcoal, said metallic catalyst is one or both in platinum, the palladium, the load capacity of metallic catalyst is 0.2%～1% of a particle carbonaceous amount.
2. according to the said composite catalyst of claim 1, it is characterized in that when said metallic catalyst was the two component of platinum, palladium, platinum, palladium press mass ratio and made up in 1: 5～5: 1.
3. according to the preparation method of the said composite catalyst of claim 1; It is characterized in that, adopt immersion reduction method, at first the particle charcoal is immersed in the ethylene glycol; The ethylene glycol solution that adds chloroplatinic acid and/or palladium bichloride then; Under the alkali condition, be reducing agent with ethylene glycol, stirring reaction obtained composite catalyst in 2～4 hours under 120～140 ℃ of temperature.
4. method according to claim 3 is characterized in that, the ethylene glycol solution concentration of said palladium bichloride is 0.5～4mg/ml, and the ethylene glycol solution concentration of said chloroplatinic acid is 1～8mg/ml.
5. according to the preparation method of the said composite catalyst of claim 3, it is characterized in that said alkali condition is reacting solution pH value >=12.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106910905A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2017-06-30 | 太原理工大学 | A kind of preparation method of carbon-supported nanometer palladium composite electrocatalyst |
| CN108201897A (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2018-06-26 | 黑龙江省科学院石油化学研究院 | The method that ultrasonic wave added local reduction way prepares SBA-15 loaded nanometer palladium catalysts |
| CN108671940A (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2018-10-19 | 绍兴文理学院 | The preparation method and application of AlNi-PILC material load PdOx nanocrystalline catalysts |
| CN109012660A (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2018-12-18 | 厦门大学 | The catalyst and its preparation method and application of oxygen in a kind of removing hydrogen |
| CN113042040A (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2021-06-29 | 白云山东泰商丘药业有限公司 | Platinum-carbon catalyst and method for preparing tranexamic acid by using platinum-carbon catalyst |
| CN113604843A (en) * | 2021-07-02 | 2021-11-05 | 北京化工大学 | Low-load Pt/C catalyst hydrogen diffusion anode and preparation method and application thereof |
Citations (3)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1244951A (en) * | 1996-11-12 | 2000-02-16 | 威廉·E·M·琼斯 | Use of catalysts in stand by valve-regulated lead acid cells |
| CN2559104Y (en) * | 2002-08-13 | 2003-07-02 | 江苏隆源双登电源有限公司 | Safety valve for lead-acid battery |
| CN1632975A (en) * | 2003-12-22 | 2005-06-29 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Cathode electrical catalyst for proton exchange film fuel cell and uses thereof |
-
2012
- 2012-02-28 CN CN2012100480546A patent/CN102600834A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1244951A (en) * | 1996-11-12 | 2000-02-16 | 威廉·E·M·琼斯 | Use of catalysts in stand by valve-regulated lead acid cells |
| CN2559104Y (en) * | 2002-08-13 | 2003-07-02 | 江苏隆源双登电源有限公司 | Safety valve for lead-acid battery |
| CN1632975A (en) * | 2003-12-22 | 2005-06-29 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Cathode electrical catalyst for proton exchange film fuel cell and uses thereof |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106910905A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2017-06-30 | 太原理工大学 | A kind of preparation method of carbon-supported nanometer palladium composite electrocatalyst |
| CN109012660A (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2018-12-18 | 厦门大学 | The catalyst and its preparation method and application of oxygen in a kind of removing hydrogen |
| CN109012660B (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2020-05-19 | 厦门大学 | Catalyst for removing oxygen in hydrogen and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN108201897A (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2018-06-26 | 黑龙江省科学院石油化学研究院 | The method that ultrasonic wave added local reduction way prepares SBA-15 loaded nanometer palladium catalysts |
| CN108671940A (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2018-10-19 | 绍兴文理学院 | The preparation method and application of AlNi-PILC material load PdOx nanocrystalline catalysts |
| CN113042040A (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2021-06-29 | 白云山东泰商丘药业有限公司 | Platinum-carbon catalyst and method for preparing tranexamic acid by using platinum-carbon catalyst |
| CN113042040B (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2023-07-28 | 白云山东泰商丘药业有限公司 | Method for preparing tranexamic acid by using platinum-carbon catalyst |
| CN113604843A (en) * | 2021-07-02 | 2021-11-05 | 北京化工大学 | Low-load Pt/C catalyst hydrogen diffusion anode and preparation method and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20120725 |