The method of the asynchronous high low moisture fermenting process of preparing complete feed of a kind of probio
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for the asynchronous high low moisture fermenting process of preparing complete feed of a kind of probio, belong to the microbiological feed technical field.
Background technology
In recent years, the food security incident takes place frequently, and the research and the application that utilize microbial fermentation technology to substitute feeding antibiotic receive much concern.Research shows that fermentative feedstuff of microbe can stimulate on the one hand searches for food, and increases feed intake, improves livestock and poultry production performance; Enhance immunity power reduces livestock and poultry diarrhea, improves feed digestibility; Can improve the animal house environment on the other hand, reduce toxic emission, reduce the animal house stink.
Microorganism fodder mainly contains yeast fungus, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis and lactic acid bacteria.Have found that yeast fungus, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis etc. are the aerobic fermentation microorganisms.When providing in the fermentation substrate when enriching oxygen; Yeast fungus, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis will fast breedings; Yeast fungus will produce the mycoprotein of a large amount of high-qualitys, digestive ferments such as bacillus licheniformis and bacillus subtilis meeting extracellular proteinase, amylase, cellulase and pectase.In case when fermentation substrate lacked oxygen, yeast fungus will dormancy or death, bacillus licheniformis and bacillus subtilis then no longer secrete digestive ferment and begin to produce gemma.Lactic acid bacteria is a kind of facultative suspicion gas bacterium, prefers growth under anaerobic state, but also can be not dead because of contacting with oxygen.When lacking oxygen in the fermentation substrate, being under the anaerobic condition, lactic acid bacteria will produce abundant lactic acid, and lactic acid will suppress the activity of nearly all microorganism, comprise above-mentioned yeast fungus, bacillus licheniformis and bacillus subtilis.
Ensilage is the most successful research and an exemplary applications of early stage feed fermentation technology, and it is worldwide widely promoted, and has produced great economic benefit.Current, what feed fermentation area research and application were maximum is the fermentation of dregs of beans, the dish dregs of rice and cotton dregs protein feeds raw material, and the fermentation of complete feed is in the ascendant.The report of only several pieces of complete feeds fermentation all is to adopt a microbe inoculation, and all under considerable moisture and temperature conditions, ferment synchronously, its defective is self-evident.
1. yeast fungus, bacillus licheniformis, fermentation of bacillus subtilis need oxygen, and lactobacillus-fermented generation lactic acid does not need oxygen.In case oxygen depletion, saccharomycete is no longer bred, and bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis do not produce enzyme as yet and promptly begin to generate spore.
When 2. yeast fungus, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis and lactic acid bacteria were fermented synchronously, in case the fermentation substrate seam falls into oxygen depletion, lactic acid bacteria will produce lactic acid; When lactic acid ran up to finite concentration, the growth of yeast fungus, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis can be suppressed, and Yeast proliferation stops, and bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis no longer produce enzyme then begin to generate spore.
3. all there are very big-difference in the fermentation temperature of yeast, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis and lactic acid bacteria, fermentation substrate moisture, best fermentation time etc.
Therefore, for enhancing productivity, prepare high-quality feed, it is necessary studying the asynchronous fermentation technique production of high low moisture complete feed.
Summary of the invention
To above-mentioned existing technical problem; The invention provides the method for the asynchronous high low moisture fermenting process of preparing complete feed of a kind of probio; Adopt different strain, high low moisture that energy feed and protein feeds are separated asynchronous fermentation and process complete feed, enhance productivity and feed nutritive value.
The present invention is for realizing above-mentioned purpose, and realize through following technical scheme: the method for the asynchronous high low moisture fermenting process of preparing complete feed of a kind of probio comprises following concrete steps:
(1) at first the protein feed impurity elimination is pulverized, add nutrients and mix stirring with clean water, regulate water content to 60-70%;
(2) secondly insert saccharomycete, bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis strain liquid; According to protein feed: barms liquid: bacillus subtilis bacterial classification liquid: bacillus licheniformis kind liquid mass percent is 100:0.5-10:0.5-10:0.5-10; High-moisture aerobic fermentation 12-96 hour, fermentation temperature 35-45 ℃;
(3) add energy feed then, mix and stir, regulate water content to 25-35%;
(4) insert lactobacillus lactis, VREF, lactobacillus acidophilus, enterococcus faecalis and Lactobacillus plantarum strain liquid again; According to energy feed: lactobacillus lactis strain liquid: VREF strain liquid: lactobacillus acidophilus strain liquid: enterococcus faecalis strain liquid: the mass percent of Lactobacillus plantarum strain liquid is 100:0.5-10:0.05-5:0.05-5:0.05-5:0.05-5; Add complex enzyme; Low moisture anaerobic fermentation 24-120 hour, fermentation temperature 25-35 ℃;
(5) after roller drying mixes and stirs, granulate, packing is prepared the complete feed finished product.
Further, protein feed comprises dregs of beans, the dish dregs of rice or cotton dregs.
Further, nutrients comprises glucose, rock salt.
Further, energy feed comprises corn, wheat, inferior powder, wheat bran or rice bran.
Further, complex enzyme comprises amylase, protein enzyme.
Further, the water content preferred 65% in the step (1).
Further, preferred 48 hours of high-moisture aerobic fermentation time in the step (2), preferred 39 ℃ of fermentation temperature.
Further, the water content preferred 30% in the step (3).
Further, step (4) in preferred 72 hours of low moisture fermentation time, preferred 30 ℃ of fermentation temperature.
Further; Protein feed: barms liquid: bacillus subtilis bacterial classification liquid: the preferred 100:2-4:1-2:1-2 of mass percent of bacillus licheniformis kind liquid, i.e. 1t protein feed adding clean water 1200kg and 30kg barms liquid, 15kg bacillus subtilis kind liquid, lichengermium kind liquid 15kg.
Further; Energy feed: lactobacillus lactis strain liquid: VREF strain liquid: lactobacillus acidophilus strain liquid: enterococcus faecalis strain liquid: the preferred 100:2-4:0.5-1:0.5-1:0.5-1:0.5-1 of the mass percent of Lactobacillus plantarum strain liquid, promptly the 1t energy feed is mixed into above-mentioned protein feed 800 kg and lactobacillus lactis strain liquid 30kg: VREF strain liquid 8kg: lactobacillus acidophilus strain liquid 8kg: enterococcus faecalis strain liquid 8kg: Lactobacillus plantarum strain liquid 8kg.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: be intended to overcome microbe inoculation one time; The lactic acid bacteria that under considerable moisture and temperature conditions, carries out synchronous ferment complete feed and cause produces lactic acid can suppress problems such as yeast fungus, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis bacteria growing, intends and inserts yeast, lichens gemma, bacillus subtilis kind earlier, carries out the air-dry protein feed aerobic fermentation of high moisture content dregs of beans, the dish dregs of rice and cotton dregs; Adding corn, wheat, inferior powder, wheat bran, the air-dry energy feed of rice bran more according to a certain percentage evenly is mixed; After the access lactobacillus inoculation carried out the low moisture anaerobic fermentation, oven dry was prepared into complete feed after granulating, packing, enhance productivity and feed nutritive value; Not only improve oligopeptides content in the feed; Reduce lactic acid content, also reduce the feedstuff-meat ratio of livestock, bring good economic benefit and productivity effect.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a process chart of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the material proportional quantity of three groups of embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is oligopeptides and a lactic acid content in the asynchronous fermentation complete diet pellet;
Fig. 4 is the influence of asynchronous fermentation complete diet pellet to the weanling pig production performance.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is described further.
The present invention adopts different strain, high low moisture that energy feed and protein feeds are separated asynchronous fermentation and processes complete feed; Wherein, Protein feeds comprises one or more in air-dry dregs of beans, the dish dregs of rice and the cotton dregs; Energy feed comprises one or more in corn, wheat, inferior powder wheat bran and the rice bran, can in protein feed, add nutriments such as glucose, rock salt before the high-moisture aerobic fermentation, can adopt complex enzymes such as comprising amylase, protein enzyme during the low moisture anaerobic fermentation.Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of the method for the asynchronous high low moisture fermenting process of preparing complete feed of whole probio, and Fig. 2 is prescription and each constituent content by three groups of embodiment of this flow operations.
Embodiment one: as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the concrete steps that this technology comprises are following.
(1) earlier with after dregs of beans 471kg impurity elimination, pulverizing, adds glucose, rock salt, mix stirring, regulate water content to 60% with clean water 565.2kg.
(2) secondly insert barms liquid 14.1kg, bacillus subtilis kind liquid 7.1kg, lichengermium kind liquid 7.1kg, aerating oxygen was 35 ℃ of condition bottom fermentations 96 hours.
(3) then with after corn 376.8 kg, wheat 94.2 kg impurity eliminations, pulverizing, mix and stir, allocate in the above-mentioned fermented bean dregs, regulate water content to 25%.
(4) insert lactobacillus lactis strain liquid 14.1kg, VREF strain liquid 3.8kg, lactobacillus acidophilus strain liquid 3.8kg, enterococcus faecalis strain liquid 3.8kg and Lactobacillus plantarum strain liquid 3.8kg again after; Add 0.471kg amylase and protein enzyme simultaneously, 25 ℃ of condition bottom fermentations of anaerobism 120 hours.
(5) after roller drying mixes and stirs, granulate, packing is prepared the complete feed finished product.
Embodiment two: as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the concrete steps that this technology comprises are following.
(1) earlier with after dregs of beans 376.6kg, dish dregs of rice 94.2kg impurity elimination, pulverizing, adds glucose, rock salt, mix stirring, regulate water content to 70% with clean water 564.9kg.
(2) secondly insert barms liquid 11.8kg, bacillus subtilis kind liquid 9.4kg, lichengermium kind liquid 7.1kg, aerating oxygen was 45 ℃ of condition bottom fermentations 12 hours.
(3) then with after corn 282.5 kg, wheat 94.2 kg, rice bran 94.2kg impurity elimination, pulverizing, in the above-mentioned fermented bean dregs that is mixed, the dish dregs of rice, regulate water content to 35%.
(4) insert lactobacillus lactis strain liquid 16.5kg, VREF strain liquid 4.7kg, lactobacillus acidophilus strain liquid 2.8kg, enterococcus faecalis strain liquid 2.8kg and Lactobacillus plantarum strain liquid 2.8kg again after; Add 0.471kg amylase and protein enzyme simultaneously, 35 ℃ of condition bottom fermentations of anaerobism 24 hours.
(5) after roller drying mixes and stirs, granulate, packing is prepared the complete feed finished product.
Embodiment three: as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the concrete steps that this technology comprises are following.
(1) earlier with after dregs of beans 281.8kg, dish dregs of rice 93.9kg, cotton dregs 93.9kg impurity elimination, pulverizing, adds glucose, rock salt, mix stirring, regulate water content to 65% with clean water 563.6kg.
(2) secondly insert barms liquid 14.1kg, bacillus subtilis kind liquid 9.4kg, lichengermium kind liquid 4.7kg, aerating oxygen was 39 ℃ of condition bottom fermentations 48 hours.
(3) then with after 281.8 kg corns, 94 kg powder, the impurity elimination of 94kg rice bran, pulverizing, in the above-mentioned fermented bean dregs that is mixed, the dish dregs of rice, the cotton dregs,, regulate water content to 30%.
(4) insert lactobacillus lactis strain liquid 18.8kg, VREF strain liquid 3.8kg, lactobacillus acidophilus strain liquid 3.8kg, enterococcus faecalis strain liquid 2.8kg and Lactobacillus plantarum strain liquid 2.8kg again after; Add 0.470kg amylase and protein enzyme simultaneously, 30 ℃ of condition bottom fermentations of anaerobism 72 hours.
(5) after roller drying mixes and stirs, granulate, packing is prepared the complete feed finished product.
As shown in Figure 3, the lactic acid content in the general complete diet pellet is 30%, and lactic acid content is far away in the feed that adopts the present invention to prepare hangs down 30%, and oligopeptides improves relatively.
Evaluation index is decided to be each concentrations of nutrient in the finished feed; Unit: %; Control group I adopts the complete feed production technology of a microbe inoculation; Compare with asynchronous ferment complete feed production technology, can draw and adopt its nutritive value of feed of the present invention's preparation to be higher than the nutritive value that adopts existing prepared feed.
As shown in Figure 4; Evaluation index is decided to be the weanling pig feedstuff-meat ratio of every day; The edible feed of weanling pig is to adopt the complete feed production technology of a microbe inoculation to prepare among the control group I; The edible feed of another group weanling pig is asynchronous ferment complete feed prepared, can draw and adopt the feed of the present invention's preparation can bring lower feedstuff-meat ratio, has produced good economic benefit and productivity effect.