Background
As shown in fig. 1, the solar grid-connected inverter is used for inverting the direct current generated by the photovoltaic array into alternating current and feeding the alternating current into the power grid. The solar grid-connected inverter device comprises a plurality of DC/AC (alternating current/direct current) conversion modules, wherein each alternating current/direct current conversion module has the same rated power, and the sum of the rated powers of the alternating current/direct current conversion modules is equal to the rated power of the solar grid-connected inverter device. At any moment, the output power of the solar grid-connected inverter device is the sum of the output power of all the alternating current-direct current conversion modules in the working state.
The output power of the photovoltaic array is related to the intensity of illumination received by the photovoltaic array, and the higher the intensity of illumination is, the higher the output voltage of the solar panel is, and the larger the output power is. When the lighting condition is poor in the morning and evening, the output power of the photovoltaic array is low, and the output voltage corresponding to the maximum power state of the photovoltaic array is also low.
Generally, the higher the rated power of the ac-dc conversion module, the higher the turn-on voltage thereof. The solar grid-connected inverter comprising the plurality of alternating current-direct current conversion modules is compared with a solar grid-connected inverter comprising one alternating current-direct current conversion module, wherein the rated power of the alternating current-direct current conversion module is lower, so that the solar grid-connected inverter comprising the plurality of alternating current-direct current conversion modules can be started to generate power earlier when the illumination condition is poor in the morning and evening, namely the output power of a photovoltaic array is lower and the output voltage is lower, and the power generation capacity is improved.
The conversion efficiency (N ═ input power/output power) × 100%) and the load (L ═ output power/rated power) × 100%) of the ac-dc conversion module have a correspondence relationship as shown in fig. 2. As can be seen from fig. 2: when the load L of the AC-DC conversion module is less than 50%, the conversion efficiency N is low, when the load L is more than or equal to 50%, the conversion efficiency N reaches the maximum value, and when the load L continues to increase, the conversion efficiency N slowly decreases but does not change greatly. Therefore, when the ac-dc conversion module works in a light load state, i.e., a state with low output power, the conversion efficiency N of the ac-dc conversion module is low, so that the power consumption of the solar grid-connected inverter in the state is high.
Taking an example that the solar grid-connected inverter device comprises 4 alternating current-direct current conversion modules, the rated power P' of each module is 25% P, and P in the formula is the rated power of the device. Table 1 shows the number m of modules in operation and the load L of each module when the load W of the apparatus is 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 50%, 75%, 100%, respectivelym(the load L of each module is shown in parentheses after the number of modules), and satisfies the formula W ═ L1+L2+…+Lm)*25%(m≤4)。
TABLE 1
As can be seen from table 1: when the load of the device is 5%, only one module is in a working state, and the calculation is carried out according to the formula: 5% ═ L125% to obtain L120%, which is lower than 50%, therefore, the conversion efficiency of the module in operation (i.e., the conversion efficiency of the entire device) is low. The same problem exists with low module conversion efficiency at device loads of 10% and 20%.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a solar grid-connected inverter which comprises a plurality of alternating current-direct current conversion modules, wherein the sum of rated power of each alternating current-direct current conversion module is the rated power of the solar grid-connected inverter, and at least two alternating current-direct current conversion modules have different rated power.
The following describes the embodiment of the present invention in detail, taking an example in which a solar grid-connected inverter device includes 4 ac/dc conversion modules, and the rated power (P) of each module1~P4) Respectively as follows: p1=10%*P;P2=20%*P;P3=20%*P;P450% P, where P is the rated power of the device. When the load W of the apparatus is 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 50%, 75%, 100%, respectively, the load L of each module ism(m is the number of the module, m.ltoreq.4 in this example) is shown in Table 2, and satisfies the formula W ═ L1*C1+L2*C2+…+Lm*CmWherein, CmIs the percentage of the rated power of module m to the rated power of the device. The dash line in table 2 indicates that the corresponding ac/dc conversion module is not turned on, and when a certain module is not turned on, the corresponding load in the above formula is 0.
TABLE 2
As can be seen from table 2, when the solar grid-connected inverter operates under different loads, all the ac/dc conversion modules in the operating state can operate at 50% or 100%, and the condition of less than 50% does not exist, so that the conversion efficiency of each module can be significantly improved, and the conversion efficiency of the solar grid-connected inverter is improved. As can be clearly seen from fig. 3: the conversion efficiency of the solar grid-connected inverter device adopting a single AC/DC conversion module, the solar grid-connected inverter device adopting a plurality of AC/DC conversion modules with the same rated power and the solar grid-connected inverter device of the invention is increased in sequence.
In the above-mentioned solar grid-connected inverter device, since the rated powers of three ac/dc conversion modules are different, the rated power of at least one module is necessarily less than 25% P, so that the modules can work independently when the load of the device is 5% to 10%, and the load of the modules is higher than the load of the modules with the rated power of 25% P when the modules work independently, thereby the conversion efficiency of the solar grid-connected inverter device with two different rated power modules is higher than that of the existing solar grid-connected inverter device with two modules with the same rated power.
In addition, because the rated power of three modules in the solar grid-connected inverter device with the modules with different rated powers is less than 25% P, the rated power of one module is more than 25% P, and the input voltage of the alternating current-direct current conversion module with lower rated power is lower, the input voltage range of the solar grid-connected inverter device is wider than that of the existing solar grid-connected inverter device with the modules with the same rated power, therefore, even when the output voltage of the photovoltaic array is lower, the solar grid-connected inverter device can still be normally started, so that the solar grid-connected inverter device has longer running time, and the power generation capacity is further improved.
The solar grid-connected inverter comprises 2 AC/DC conversion modulesFor example, the embodiment of the present invention, the rated power (P) of 2 modules1,P2) Respectively as follows: p1=40%*P;P260% P, where P is the rated power of the device. When the load W of the apparatus is 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 50%, 75%, 100%, respectively, the load L of each module ism(m is the number of the module, m.ltoreq.2 in this example) is shown in Table 3. The dashed horizontal lines in table 3 indicate that the corresponding ac-dc conversion module is not turned on.
TABLE 3
If the rated powers of the two AC/DC conversion modules in the solar grid-connected inverter device are equal, namely the structure of the prior art is adopted, P1=50%*P;P250% P, where P is the rated power of the device. The load L of each module is when the load W of the device is 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 50%, 75%, 100%, respectivelym(m is the number of the module, m.ltoreq.2 in this example) is shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4
As can be seen from comparing fig. 3 and fig. 4, in the solar grid-connected inverter apparatus according to the present invention, since the rated powers of the two ac/dc conversion modules are different, the rated power of one module is necessarily less than 50% P, so that the module operates alone when the load of the apparatus is 5% to 30%, and the load of the module is higher than the load of the module operating alone when the rated power of the module is 50% P, so that the conversion efficiency of the solar grid-connected inverter apparatus having two different rated power modules is higher than that of the existing solar grid-connected inverter apparatus having two modules with the same rated power.
In addition, because the rated power of one module in the solar grid-connected inverter device with two different rated power modules is less than 50% P, the rated power of the other module is more than 50% P, and because the input voltage of the AC/DC conversion module with lower rated power is lower, the input voltage range of the solar grid-connected inverter device is wider than that of the existing solar grid-connected inverter device with two modules with the same rated power, therefore, even when the output voltage of the photovoltaic array is lower, the solar grid-connected inverter device can still be normally started, so that the solar grid-connected inverter device has longer running time, and the power generation capacity is improved.
It should be noted that: the number of the ac/dc conversion modules in the solar grid-connected inverter device provided by the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to 4 or 2 described in the above example, and may be selected according to actual needs.
The solar grid-connected inverter provided by the embodiment of the invention can have the following three physical structures:
first, as shown in fig. 4, the apparatus includes a plurality of ac/dc conversion modules (in the figure, the number of the ac/dc conversion modules is four, 43 to 46), a casing 41, and a control chip 42 located in the casing 41, where the plurality of ac/dc conversion modules (43 to 46) are located in the casing 41, and the control chip 42 is configured to control a working state of each of the plurality of ac/dc conversion modules.
For example, in fig. 4, the percentages of the rated power of four ac/dc conversion modules (43-46) and the rated power of the solar grid-connected inverter are as follows: a%, B%, C% and D%, and at least two of the four percentages are different from each other, namely the rated power of each AC/DC conversion module (43-46) is determined. Under different loads of the solar grid-connected inverter, the control chip 42 respectively sets the loads of the alternating current-direct current conversion modules (43-46) during operation and enables the alternating current-direct current conversion modules to operate under the set loads.
A second type, as shown in fig. 5, includes a plurality of ac/dc conversion modules (the number of ac/dc conversion modules is four in the figure, 511, 521, 531, 541) and a plurality of control chips (the number of control chips is four in the figure, 512, 522, 532, 542), where one ac/dc conversion module and one control chip are packaged in one housing to form one inverter (in the figure, four inverters 51 to 54 are formed in total);
the control chips (512, 522, 532 and 542) are used for controlling the working states of the alternating current-direct current conversion modules (511, 521, 531 and 541) in the inverters (51-54) to which the control chips belong and communicating with the control chips in other inverters.
For example, in fig. 5, the percentages of the rated power of the four ac/dc conversion modules (511, 521, 531, 541) and the rated power of the solar grid-connected inverter are respectively: a%, B%, C% and D%, and at least two of the four percentages are different from each other, namely the rated power of each AC/DC conversion module (511, 521, 531, 541) is determined. Under different loads of the solar grid-connected inverter device, each control chip (512, 522, 532 and 542) respectively sets the load when the AC/DC conversion module in the inverter to which the control chip belongs operates, and makes the control chip operate under the set load. The control chips (512, 522, 532 and 542) are connected with each other so as to facilitate mutual communication among the control chips (512, 522, 532 and 542), and the purpose of mutual communication is to cooperate with each other according to the optimal load of the alternating current-direct current conversion modules (511, 521, 531 and 541).
A third structure, as shown in fig. 6, is different from the structure shown in fig. 5 in that a control chip in each inverter is omitted, so that one ac/dc conversion module is packaged in one case to form one inverter, and a controller 65 is additionally arranged outside the inverter, where the controller 65 is used to control the operating state of the ac/dc conversion module in each inverter (the number of inverters in the figure is four, 61-64).
For example, in fig. 6, the percentages of the rated power of the ac/dc conversion modules (611, 621, 631, 641) in the four inverters (61-64) and the rated power of the solar grid-connected inverter are respectively: a%, B%, C% and D%, and at least two of the four percentages are different from each other, namely, the rated power of each AC/DC conversion module (611, 621, 631 and 641) is determined. Under different loads of the solar grid-connected inverter device, the controller 65 sets the loads of the ac/dc conversion modules (611, 621, 631, 641) during operation, and makes them operate under the set loads.
Compared with the structure shown in fig. 5, in the structure shown in fig. 6, the inverters can be arranged at different places, and the distances between the places can be relatively far, and the place where the inverters are arranged can also be far from the place where the controller is arranged, so as to realize remote control of the inverters.
The above description is only for the specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.