CN102593788A - Short circuit/ overcurrent protection controller and operation method - Google Patents
Short circuit/ overcurrent protection controller and operation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102593788A CN102593788A CN2012100860009A CN201210086000A CN102593788A CN 102593788 A CN102593788 A CN 102593788A CN 2012100860009 A CN2012100860009 A CN 2012100860009A CN 201210086000 A CN201210086000 A CN 201210086000A CN 102593788 A CN102593788 A CN 102593788A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a short circuit/ overcurrent protection controller and an operation method. A current collection module of the controller is connected in series in a circuit to be protected, and the output end of the current collection module is accessed into an overcurrent judging latching module. A switch circuit module is a circuit of a relay or a contactor and is connected in series in the circuit to be protected. The overcurrent judging latching module comprises an overcurrent judging state latching circuit and a switch control circuit, and the output end of the overcurrent judging latching module is accessed into the switch circuit module to control connection or disconnection of the relay or the contactor. The operation method is that high level output by a voltage comparator of the overcurrent judging latching module controls the switch control circuit to connect the circuit of the relay of the switch circuit module and connect the circuit to be protected at the beginning of electrification, and low level output by the voltage comparator cuts off the circuit of the relay of the switch circuit module and maintains latching when short circuit or overcurrent happens. The short circuit/ overcurrent protection controller monitors the circuit to be protected in real time, cuts off the circuit immediately when short circuit or overcurrent happens, effectively protects load and a power supply, automatically latches the protection state and can randomly set the protection current value.
Description
(1) technical field
The present invention relates to current protection technology field in the circuit, be specially a kind of short circuit/overcurrent protection controller and operation method.
(2) background technology
When circuit breaks down, may produce short circuit, moment operating current be tending towards infinitely great; Perhaps possibly increase sharply above the permissible value of setting by current value, promptly produce overcurrent.When short circuit or overcurrent,, need cut off circuit immediately, so designed short circuit/overcurrent protector for protection load and power supply.At present short circuit/overcurrent protection the product of widespread usage mainly contains fuse, circuit breaker and based on the overcurrent protection module of microprocessor.Fuse fuses during greater than certain value at the electric current that passes through immediately, and fuse is burnt by short circuit current or overcurrent when playing a protective role, and can't reuse, and needs to change fuse, circuit just can reclose.Circuit breaker is a mechanical structure, because be to be realized opening circuit by moving component, it is longer that circuit breaks off the time that circuit is protected, and protective current can not arbitrarily be provided with, and environmental index is lower.The overcurrent protection product great majority of electronic type are to serve as the control core with single-chip microcomputer or microprocessor, utilize the Logic control module of the microprocessor software of special establishment to control the ON/OFF of back level switching circuit, realize the short circuit/overcurrent protection of circuit.Overcurrent protection product based on microprocessor can be realized the overcurrent protection electric current is set arbitrarily with software, and can reuse, but because its core is a microprocessor, rely on the software of establishment to realize short circuit/overcurrent protection, so reliability is lower, and cost is higher.
(3) summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to design a kind of short circuit/overcurrent protection controller and operation method; This controller is a pure hardware circuit; Comprise current acquisition module, overcurrent judgement latch module and switching circuit module, this controller is connected on by in the protective circuit, and its method for using is that monitoring in real time is by the current conditions in the protective circuit; Connect when being short-circuited by protective circuit/in time cutting off by protective circuit during overcurrent, effectively protection is by the safety of protective circuit load and power supply.
Short circuit/overcurrent protection the controller of the present invention's design comprises current acquisition module, overcurrent judgement latch module and switching circuit module.
The current acquisition module is used for gathering by protective circuit work current in loop value, and this current value linearity is converted into the magnitude of voltage in the assigned voltage scope.The current acquisition module comprises the RC loop that Hall current sensor and peripheral build-out resistor electric capacity constitute, and the magnetic test coil of Hall current sensor is connected on by in the protective circuit, and its output inserts overcurrent and judges latch module through the RC loop.
The switching circuit module is used for concrete the execution and turns on and off by protective circuit, and the switching circuit module is the relay or the contactor circuit of standard, can select different relays or contactor circuit according to load types.The switching circuit module is connected on by in the work loop of protective circuit, and overcurrent judges that the output of latch module inserts the switching circuit module, controls connecting or disconnecting of its relay or contactor.
When the relay of switching circuit module is a solid state relay; Be drive circuit, transformer, rectification filtering voltage stabilizing circuit and the power switch pipe of switching circuit module for connecting successively; The output of ON-OFF control circuit inserts drive circuit, and power switch pipe is connected on by in the protective circuit.
When the relay or the contactor of switching circuit module is electromagnetic relay or electromagnetic contactor; Then directly select corresponding electromagnetic relay or electromagnetic contactor for use according to load characteristic; And be furnished with circuit driven by electromagnetic means and be connected with electromagnetic relay or electromagnetic contactor; The output of ON-OFF control circuit inserts circuit driven by electromagnetic means, and the output contact of electromagnetic relay or electromagnetic contactor is connected on by in the protective circuit.
Overcurrent judges that the major function of latch module is for judging the voltage signal of the load output current that the current acquisition module is gathered; This voltage signal values and the preset protection current value corresponding protection magnitude of voltage that obtains that converts is compared; When surpassing preset protection current value corresponding voltage value; The output signal control switch circuit module shuts down of this module; And when the output current of load returned to normal value, this module still latched the output state of cut-off signals, and the maintained switch circuit module turn-offs.
Overcurrent judges that latch module comprises overcurrent judgement state latching circuit and ON-OFF control circuit.Overcurrent judges that state latching circuit is voltage comparator and peripheral build-out resistor, and ON-OFF control circuit is a switching device, and said switching device is FET or triode switch or optical coupled switch.The negative voltage that the output of current acquisition module inserts voltage comparator compares input; The voltage comparator output inserts the switching device of ON-OFF control circuit; This switching device inserts the relay or the contactor circuit of switching circuit module, connects or turn-off relay or contactor; The voltage comparator output also compares input through the positive voltage of feedback resistance connection voltage comparator simultaneously.
Overcurrent judges to also have the auxiliary power supply circuit in the latch module, and the auxiliary power supply circuit is connected with power supply, converts supply voltage the operating voltage of each device in this controller into, inserts current acquisition module, overcurrent judgement latch module and switching circuit module respectively.
Short circuit of the present invention/overcurrent protection controller operation method is:
This controller initial instant that powers on; Because there is the RC charge circuit in the current acquisition module; The voltage that its negative voltage that outputs to overcurrent judgement latch module voltage comparator compares input is lower, and this magnitude of voltage is lower than relatively input terminal voltage of positive voltage, and this moment, voltage comparator was output as the switching device conducting of high level control switch control circuit; Connect the relay or the contactor circuit of switch circuit module, thereby connect by protective circuit.When short circuit or overcurrent being occurred by protective circuit; The electrorheological that the current acquisition module collects is big; Therefore the current acquisition module output to the voltage comparator negative voltage relatively the voltage of input become big; When this magnitude of voltage compares the preset voltage value of input greater than the voltage comparator positive voltage; Voltage comparator is output as the relay or the contactor circuit of low level control switch device stopcock circuit module, thereby the relay of switching circuit module or contactor turn-off by protective circuit, have realized the purpose of short circuit/overcurrent protection.
Build-out resistor through the regulation voltage comparator can change the relatively preset voltage value of input of voltage comparator positive voltage, thereby changes the overcurrent comparison threshold, promptly presets the different protection current value.
The realization overcurrent protection has been cut off by after the protective circuit; The current value that the current acquisition module collects is 0; The voltage that the current acquisition module outputs to voltage comparator negative voltage comparison input returns to initial value; But the low level of voltage comparator output this moment is through the positive and negative relatively input of positive voltage that is fed to of feedback resistance; Positive voltage comparison input terminal voltage still is lower than relatively input terminal voltage of negative voltage under the effect of this feedback voltage and build-out resistor; The output of voltage comparator still is that the relay or the contactor circuit of the switching device maintained switch circuit module of low level control switch control circuit turn-offs, and keeps latch mode, and the relay of maintained switch circuit module or contactor turn-off by the state of protective circuit.
Reclosed power supply after the eliminating of the fault of protective circuit, when this protection controller worked on power once more, this protection controller began to reclose by protective circuit from initial condition automatically.
The advantage of short circuit of the present invention/overcurrent protection controller and operation method is: 1, this controller is connected on and is worked in the protective circuit; Can monitor in real time by the current conditions in the protective circuit; When being short-circuited by protective circuit, it is infinitely great that loop current will be tending towards, and this controller cuts off circuit immediately; When by the electric current of protective circuit electric current greater than the circuit operate as normal; During promptly greater than the preset protection electric current, this controller also can cut off by protective circuit, thereby effectively protection is by the safety of protective circuit load and power supply; 2, this controller is a pure hardware circuit, and circuit form is simple, component number is few, and reliability index is higher, and the protective current value can arbitrarily be set, and it is short to start guard time, and action frequency is unrestricted; 3, can latch guard mode automatically after the protection, when being powered on operate as normal once more by protective circuit, this controller recloses circuit automatically; 4, can adopt multiple contour structures according to user's request, can replace existing short circuit/overcurrent protection product in a lot of fields, as can be applied to high-end applications occasions such as aerospace with the bare chip completed knocked down products.
(4) description of drawings
Fig. 1 is this short circuit/overcurrent protection controller embodiment and be connected sketch map by protective circuit;
Fig. 2 is this short circuit/overcurrent protection controller example structure block diagram;
Fig. 3 is this short circuit/overcurrent protection controller embodiment current acquisition module circuit diagram;
Fig. 4 is that this short circuit/overcurrent protection controller embodiment overcurrent is judged the overcurrent judgement state latching circuit of latch module and the circuit diagram of ON-OFF control circuit;
Fig. 5 is this short circuit/overcurrent protection controller embodiment switching circuit module circuit diagram;
Fig. 6 is this short circuit/overcurrent protection controller embodiment switching circuit module another program circuit diagram.
(5) embodiment
Short circuit/overcurrent protection controller embodiment
This is for example shown in Figure 1, comprises current acquisition module, overcurrent judgement latch module and switching circuit module.The heavy line of Fig. 1 right side Vin to Vout is represented this protection controller by protective circuit, and wherein IN+ representes by the tie point of protective circuit between current acquisition module and switching circuit module.Fig. 1 left side is this protector, power supply and by the common ground point of protective circuit.Shown in Figure 2 is the structured flowchart of this routine short circuit/each module of overcurrent protection controller.
The current acquisition module is as shown in Figure 3; Comprise Hall current sensor V1 and peripheral build-out resistor electric capacity; The magnetic test coil of Hall current sensor V1 is connected on by in the protective circuit; The output of Hall current sensor V1 leads to the output Va of this current acquisition module through resistance R 1, and this output Va is also respectively through C1 and R2 ground connection, and resistance R 1, R2 and capacitor C 1 constitute the RC charge circuit.Another output of Hall current sensor V1 is through capacitor C 3 ground connection; The power connection end of Hall current sensor V1 connects auxiliary power supply circuit output+5V voltage; This power connection end is also through capacitor C 2 ground connection, and the output Va of this current acquisition module inserts overcurrent and judges latch module.
Overcurrent judges that latch module is as shown in Figure 2, comprises auxiliary power supply circuit, overcurrent judgement state latching circuit and ON-OFF control circuit.
The auxiliary power supply circuit connects the supply voltage through the current acquisition module; With this voltage commutation filtering convert into each module and circuit in this controller+the 5V operating voltage, the auxiliary power supply circuit+the 5V voltage output end inserts Hall current sensor V1 respectively, overcurrent is judged latch module and switching circuit module.
Overcurrent judgement state latching circuit and ON-OFF control circuit are as shown in Figure 4, and overcurrent judges that state latching circuit is voltage comparator V2 and peripheral build-out resistor, and ON-OFF control circuit is FET V3.The output Va of current acquisition module compares input in-through the negative voltage that resistance R 7 inserts voltage comparator V2; Input+5V voltage one road insert voltage comparator V2 power supply, another road through resistance R 8 insert the grid of FET V3, again one the tunnel then respectively through resistance R 3, R5; And the positive voltage that inserts through capacitor C 4 compares input in+; The output of voltage comparator V2 inserts the grid of the FET V3 of ON-OFF control circuit; The link of resistance R 3 and R5 is through resistance R 4 ground connection, and the output of voltage comparator V2 compares input in+ through the positive voltage that feedback resistance R6 inserts voltage comparator V2.Adjusting resistance R 3, R4, R5, R6 can change the preset voltage value of the positive voltage comparison input in+ of voltage comparator V2.The drain electrode output Vb of this FET V3 inserts the drive circuit of switching circuit module, connects or the stopcock circuit module.
This routine switching circuit module is as shown in Figure 5, adopts solid state relay, and the switching circuit module is drive circuit, transformer T1, rectification filtering voltage stabilizing circuit and the power switch pipe V4 that connects successively.Power switch pipe V4 is connected on by in the protective circuit.Overcurrent judges that the output Vb of the FET V3 of latch module inserts drive circuit.
Another program of switching circuit module is directly to adopt electromagnetic relay; As shown in Figure 6; The switching circuit module comprises circuit driven by electromagnetic means and electromagnetic relay; Overcurrent judges that the output Vb of the FET V3 of latch module inserts circuit driven by electromagnetic means, and the output contact of electromagnetic relay is connected on by in the protective circuit.
The operation method embodiment of short circuit/overcurrent protection controller
This controller initial instant that powers on; The magnitude of voltage that the current acquisition module outputs to the negative voltage comparison input of voltage comparator is lower than relatively input terminal voltage of positive voltage; This moment, voltage comparator was output as the FET conducting of high level control switch control circuit; Connect the drive circuit of switch circuit module, connect by protective circuit thereby connect power switch pipe.When short circuit or overcurrent being occurred by the protective circuit load; The electrorheological that the current acquisition module collects is big; The current acquisition module output to the voltage comparator negative voltage relatively the magnitude of voltage of input greater than the voltage comparator positive voltage relatively during the preset voltage value of input; Voltage comparator is output as the drive circuit of low level control FET stopcock circuit module, thereby the power switch pipe of switching circuit module turn-offs by protective circuit.
Build-out resistor through the regulation voltage comparator can change the relatively preset voltage value of input of voltage comparator positive voltage, thereby changes the overcurrent comparison threshold, promptly presets the different protection current value.
The realization overcurrent protection has been cut off by after the protective circuit; The current value that the current acquisition module collects is 0; The voltage that the current acquisition module outputs to voltage comparator negative voltage comparison input returns to initial value; But the low level of voltage comparator output this moment is through the positive and negative relatively input of positive voltage that is fed to of feedback resistance; Positive voltage comparison input terminal voltage still is lower than relatively input terminal voltage of negative voltage under the effect of this feedback voltage and build-out resistor; The output of voltage comparator still is that the drive circuit of the FET maintained switch circuit module of low level control switch control circuit turn-offs, and keeps latch mode, and the power switch pipe of maintained switch circuit module turn-offs by the state of protective circuit.
, broken off with power supply and to fix a breakdown by after this protection controller outage by protective circuit, this moment, this protector dead electricity quit work.After being got rid of by the fault of protective circuit, reclose power supply, this protection controller works on power once more, begins to reclose by protective circuit from initial condition automatically.
The foregoing description is merely concrete example to the object of the invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect further explain, and the present invention is defined in this.All any modifications of within scope of disclosure of the present invention, being made, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. short circuit/overcurrent protection controller is characterized in that:
Comprise current acquisition module, overcurrent judgement latch module and switching circuit module;
Said current acquisition module comprises the RC loop that Hall current sensor and peripheral build-out resistor electric capacity constitute, and the magnetic test coil of Hall current sensor is connected on by in the protective circuit, and its output inserts overcurrent and judges latch module through the RC loop;
The switching circuit module is the relay or the contactor circuit of standard, is connected on by in the work loop of protective circuit, and overcurrent judges that the output of latch module inserts the switching circuit module;
Overcurrent judges that latch module comprises overcurrent judgement state latching circuit and ON-OFF control circuit; Overcurrent judges that state latching circuit is voltage comparator and peripheral build-out resistor; The negative voltage that the output of current acquisition module inserts voltage comparator compares input; The voltage comparator output inserts the switching device of ON-OFF control circuit; This switching device inserts the relay circuit of switching circuit module, and the voltage comparator output also compares input through the positive voltage of feedback resistance connection voltage comparator.
2. short circuit according to claim 1/overcurrent protection controller is characterized in that:
Said switching device is FET or triode switch or optical coupled switch.
3. short circuit according to claim 1/overcurrent protection controller is characterized in that:
The relay of said switching circuit module is a solid state relay, is drive circuit, transformer, rectification filtering voltage stabilizing circuit and the power switch pipe that connects successively, and the output of ON-OFF control circuit inserts drive circuit, and power switch pipe is connected on by in the protective circuit.
4. short circuit according to claim 1/overcurrent protection controller is characterized in that:
Said switching circuit module relay or contactor are electromagnetic relay or electromagnetic contactor; Being furnished with circuit driven by electromagnetic means is connected with electromagnetic relay or electromagnetic contactor; The output of ON-OFF control circuit inserts circuit driven by electromagnetic means, and electromagnetic relay or electromagnetic contactor output contact are connected on by in the protective circuit.
5. short circuit according to claim 1/overcurrent protection controller is characterized in that:
Said overcurrent judges to also have the auxiliary power supply circuit in the latch module, and the auxiliary power supply circuit is connected with power supply, converts supply voltage the operating voltage of this controller inner module and circuit into, inserts current acquisition module, overcurrent decision circuitry and switching circuit module respectively.
6. according to the operation method of each described short circuit/overcurrent protection controller in the claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that:
The initial instant that powers on of this short circuit/overcurrent protection controller; The negative voltage that the current acquisition module the outputs to voltage comparator relatively voltage of input is lower; This magnitude of voltage is lower than relatively input terminal voltage of positive voltage; The switching device conducting of the high level control switch control circuit of voltage comparator output is connected the relay circuit of switch circuit module, thereby is connected whole by protective circuit; When short circuit or overcurrent being occurred by the protective circuit load; The electrorheological that the current acquisition module collects is big; The voltage that the current acquisition module outputs to voltage comparator negative voltage comparison input becomes big; When this magnitude of voltage compared the preset voltage value of input greater than the voltage comparator positive voltage, voltage comparator was output as the relay or the contactor circuit of low level control switch device stopcock circuit module, thereby the relay of switching circuit module or contactor turn-off by protective circuit.
7. the operation method of short circuit according to claim 6/overcurrent protection controller is characterized in that:
The realization overcurrent protection has been cut off by after the protective circuit; The current value that the current acquisition module collects is 0; The voltage that the current acquisition module outputs to voltage comparator negative voltage comparison input returns to initial value; The low level of voltage comparator output this moment is through the positive and negative relatively input of positive voltage that is fed to of feedback resistance; Positive voltage comparison input terminal voltage still is lower than relatively input terminal voltage of negative voltage under the effect of this feedback voltage and build-out resistor; The output of voltage comparator still is that the relay or the contactor circuit of the switching device maintained switch circuit module of low level control switch control circuit turn-offs, and keeps latch mode, and the relay of maintained switch circuit module or contactor turn-off by the state of protective circuit.
8. the operation method of short circuit according to claim 7/overcurrent protection controller is characterized in that:
Reclosed power supply after the eliminating of the fault of protective circuit, this short circuit/overcurrent protection controller works on power once more, begins to reclose by protective circuit from initial condition automatically.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2012100860009A CN102593788A (en) | 2012-03-28 | 2012-03-28 | Short circuit/ overcurrent protection controller and operation method |
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| CN2012100860009A CN102593788A (en) | 2012-03-28 | 2012-03-28 | Short circuit/ overcurrent protection controller and operation method |
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| CN2012100860009A Pending CN102593788A (en) | 2012-03-28 | 2012-03-28 | Short circuit/ overcurrent protection controller and operation method |
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| CN102820638A (en) * | 2012-08-09 | 2012-12-12 | 深圳市九洲电器有限公司 | Overcurrent protection device and electronic equipment |
| CN104850101A (en) * | 2015-05-11 | 2015-08-19 | 国家电网公司 | Remote switch device control system with load detection |
| CN104882968A (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2015-09-02 | 浙江河村电气科技有限公司 | Household intelligent distribution system |
| CN106505528A (en) * | 2017-01-05 | 2017-03-15 | 科蒂斯技术（苏州）有限公司 | The flash that a kind of employing discrete component is realized drives current foldback circuit |
| CN107565507A (en) * | 2017-10-09 | 2018-01-09 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Compressor overcurrent protective device, method and electric equipment |
| CN107947558A (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2018-04-20 | 英特尔产品（成都）有限公司 | AC-AC Conversion device and control circuit |
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| CN104850101A (en) * | 2015-05-11 | 2015-08-19 | 国家电网公司 | Remote switch device control system with load detection |
| CN104882968A (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2015-09-02 | 浙江河村电气科技有限公司 | Household intelligent distribution system |
| CN106505528A (en) * | 2017-01-05 | 2017-03-15 | 科蒂斯技术（苏州）有限公司 | The flash that a kind of employing discrete component is realized drives current foldback circuit |
| CN107565507B (en) * | 2017-10-09 | 2019-09-10 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Compressor overcurrent protective device, method and electrical equipment |
| CN107565507A (en) * | 2017-10-09 | 2018-01-09 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Compressor overcurrent protective device, method and electric equipment |
| CN107947558A (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2018-04-20 | 英特尔产品（成都）有限公司 | AC-AC Conversion device and control circuit |
| CN107947558B (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2019-01-01 | 英特尔产品（成都）有限公司 | AC-AC converter device and control circuit |
| CN108666969A (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2018-10-16 | 常州星宇车灯股份有限公司 | A kind of protective circuit for direct current power output |
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| CN110971216A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2020-04-07 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Overcurrent protection circuit |
| CN109856435A (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2019-06-07 | 深圳赛意法微电子有限公司 | The high pressure monitoring and protecting device of state latching circuit and the application circuit |
| CN109888725A (en) * | 2019-02-25 | 2019-06-14 | 西安微电子技术研究所 | A kind of D.C. high-current short-circuit protection circuit and method |
| CN109873403A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-06-11 | 深圳供电局有限公司 | Circuit for controlling motor, control method and ring network cabinet |
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Application publication date: 20120718 |