CN102592431A - Meter reading system and method thereof - Google Patents
Meter reading system and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102592431A CN102592431A CN2012100442262A CN201210044226A CN102592431A CN 102592431 A CN102592431 A CN 102592431A CN 2012100442262 A CN2012100442262 A CN 2012100442262A CN 201210044226 A CN201210044226 A CN 201210044226A CN 102592431 A CN102592431 A CN 102592431A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a meter reading system which comprises a power line wideband carrier communication unit, a wireless communication unit, a clock unit, a control unit and a storage unit. The power line wideband carrier communication unit is used for transceiving a meter reading signal transmitted in a power line carrier way; the wireless communication unit is used for transceiving a meter reading signal transmitted in a wireless communication way; and the control unit is used for detecting a channel condition, controlling the meter reading system to automatically switch channels between the power line wideband carrier communication and the wireless communication according to a detection result, carrying out automatic networking after switching the channels and carrying out format conversion on the meter reading signals received from the power line wideband carrier communication unit and the wireless communication unit to generate electric meter data. The meter reading system combines the wireless communication way with the power line communication way by utilizing the characteristics of high reliability of the wideband carrier communication, high data transmission rate, large data capacity, bidirectional transmission and the like, so that the field construction work such as reading an electric meter, arranging wires and the like is simple, convenient and flexible.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of reading technique, relate in particular to kilowatt meter reading-out system and method thereof that a kind of power line carrier that combines radio communication and power line carrier transmission mode combines with radio communication.
Background technology
In recent years; Development along with urban and urual areas of whole country's electric network reconstruction engineering of implementing that Every household has an ammeter; The quantity of single-phase watt-hour meter is installed increases sharply, the greatest problem of thereupon bringing be exactly in the past the manual metering pattern that follows for a long time of Electricity Department can't adapt to this variation, so the long-range pattern of checking meter that has been born.The remote meter reading mode generally comprises RS485 meter reading method, infrared copy meter mode, low pressure narrowband carrier meter reading method, low pressure bandwidth carrier meter reading method and short-distance wireless and checks meter etc.
In many meter copying devices, the hand-held meter reading efficiency of manpower is low, and workload is big, and accuracy and Real time Efficiency are relatively poor; The RS485 meter reading method needs wiring, and construction installation work amount is big, and communication channel impaired after, fault is got rid of difficulty; Adopt the infrared copy meter mode, limited by Distance Transmission, still need the people to the scene, in addition, infrared copy meter is also had relatively high expectations to position angle and environment; Low pressure narrowband carrier meter reading method exists that signal attenuation is big, noise source is many and disturb strong; Receive load characteristic to influence the influence of problem such as big; Reliability to communication forms certain technology barrier; And because bandwidth is narrower, message transmission rate is lower, is unfavorable for advancing on a large scale resident's centralized automatic meter-reading of power consumer information acquisition system; There is attenuation problem faster in low pressure bandwidth carrier meter reading method, in long haul communication, needs intermediate networking to solve transmission, and owing to receive this body structure of low-voltage power line and effects of load, when peak times of power consumption, copies and accepts success ratio and be affected.The short-distance wireless meter reading method; Receive the influence of weather, environment very big, in case when running into blowing and raining or resident living area and having other transmitting station to open, will be interfered; And in holiday no collection flow easy cause clogging phenomenon peak period, so the randomness uncertainty is very big.
In addition, utilize power line carrier technology transmission data harvester since its have the efficient height, be convenient to manage, be beneficial to and set up perfect charging way and extensively adopted.But existing carrier acquisition device in practical application in various degree have a defective; Like the patent No. is that 96202199 " intelligent carrier meter reading device " and the patent No. are 97215370 " power circuit intelligent meter data recording appearance "; These two patents all adopt ZAP to realize that the ammeter electric weight copies and accepts and transmit; Their means of communication are all more single, poor anti jamming capability, to the weak points such as transmission quality requirements height of power circuit; And its product general only Disturbance in Power Net less among a small circle in just have certain practical value; When the large tracts of land scope is used, because Disturbance in Power Net is bigger, they all can occur copying and accepting, and success ratio is lower, signal is flooded by noise and electric weight such as can't copy and accept at phenomenon.
Electric power carry line wave communication technology passed through long perfect, quite ripe in some fields, can be used to transmit a lot of real time datas.It is advantageous that, do not need to set up again network, can utilize line of electric force self-contained on the various device to carry out signal and transmit.But there is noise in line of electric force, and the environment of line of electric force also is dynamic change simultaneously, and different time is different to the interference of signal, and the transmission scope is little.Therefore, a lot of occasions and be not suitable for power line carrier technology and use.
Radio communication is a kind of communication mode that the characteristic of utilizing electromagnetic wave signal in free space, to propagate is carried out message exchange.Current, occurred much utilizing communication to carry out the method for intelligent meter data recording, like WIFI etc., these communications have played very big facilitation to intelligent meter data recording.Yet in that distance is short but the medium-and-large-sized solid obstacle in space is more, the difficult occasion to transmit of wireless signal adopts the mode of cordless communication network to carry out the signal transmission, can cause bigger influence to the reliability of communication.
Summary of the invention
The technical matters that the present invention mainly solves provides a kind of kilowatt meter reading-out system that can select the suitable data transmission mode according to on-the-spot condition of different and requirement automatically; Thereby enlarged usable range; Different transmission modes is combined, strengthened the reliability of communication.This kilowatt meter reading-out system relies on the original user power line network, does not need the secondary wiring, makes the wiring of checking meter wait site operation work easy flexibly.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is: a kind of kilowatt meter reading-out system is provided, comprises line of electric force bandwidth carrier communication unit, wireless communication unit, clock unit, control module and storage unit; Said line of electric force bandwidth carrier communication unit, wireless communication unit, clock unit and storage unit all are connected with control module; Said line of electric force bandwidth carrier communication unit is used to receive and dispatch the signal of checking meter that transmits through the broadband power line carrier system; Said wireless communication unit is used to receive and dispatch the signal of checking meter that transmits through communication; Control module is used for the detecting of power line channel situation; Controlling the channel of kilowatt meter reading-out system between broadband power carrier communication and radio communication according to the detecting result automaticallyes switch; Carry out automatic network-building behind the switching channels, and will carry out format conversion from the signal of checking meter that line of electric force bandwidth carrier communication unit and wireless communication unit receive and generate ammeter data; Said clock unit is that control module provides clock trigger signal; Storage unit is used for the ammeter data of storage control unit, the control command that store electricity power line bandwidth carrier communication unit and wireless communication unit channel switch, the controlled variable of store electricity line of force channel conditions detecting.
Wherein, said control module comprises data computation unit, logic judgment unit and buffer unit; Said data computation unit is used for the broadband power line channel conditions is monitored in real time, and signal carries out format conversion to checking meter; Said logic judgment unit is used for the judgement of power line channel situation, and the network channel of management broadband power line carrier wave unit and wireless communication unit switches; Said buffer unit is used for the controlled variable of control module and the buffer-stored of ammeter data.
Wherein, said storage unit comprises RAM and FLASH; Said RAM is used to store ammeter data; Said FLASH is used for the controlled variable of storage control unit.
Wherein, said clock unit is the RTC clock unit.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention has also adopted a kind of meter register method, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: receive and dispatch the signal of checking meter through line of electric force;
Step 2: periodically detect the power line channel situation, judge current power line channel conditions according to the signal of communication of checking meter that receives, if power line communication is normal, then circulation step 2, if power line communication is improper, then change step 3;
Step 3: between communication of line of electric force bandwidth carrier and radio communication, carry out channel and automatically switch, receive and dispatch the signal of communication of checking meter through wireless mode;
Step 4: the intermittent power line channel situation that detects of kilowatt meter reading-out system, judge current power line channel conditions according to the signal of communication of checking meter that receives, if power line communication is normal, then return step 1, if power line communication is improper, then change step 3.
Wherein, said signal of communication comprises signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) and the packet loss in the communication channel.
In the step 2, said communication conditions criterion is: the packet loss when signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) is lower than predetermined threshold or kilowatt meter reading-out system and receives signal in the power line communication channel is greater than thinking improper communication at 20% o'clock.
Further, in the step 2, the said cycle is configurable period, and default value is 5 minutes.
In the step 4, said signal intelligence criterion is: the packet loss when signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) receives signal less than predetermined threshold or kilowatt meter reading-out system in the communication channel is greater than thinking improper communication at 5% o'clock.
Further, in the step 4, the said quiescent interval is the configurable time, and default value is 30 minutes.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the characteristics that are different from traditional kilowatt meter reading-out system function singleness; The kilowatt meter reading-out system of present technique scheme has powerful software function; Control module possesses functions such as channel automatic switchover and automatic network-building; Automatically carry out network and judge, realize that the network of line of electric force bandwidth carrier communication unit and wireless communication unit switches.Preferably under the situation, mainly adopt power line carrier to check meter in power line environment, when power line environment worsen or the situation of specific (special) requirements under, automatically switch to the radio meter register mode, guaranteed message transmission rate efficiently.Control module constantly detects the signal intelligence of line of electric force, and the mode of preferred line of electric force bandwidth carrier communicates under the normal situation of power line communication, has guaranteed that the staff can work efficiently.In addition, native system relies on the original user power line network, utilizes bandwidth carrier signal post on line of electric force, to disturb less with frequency range; Communication reliability is higher, more stable, security is better, and the communication occupied bandwidth, and data transmission rate is high; Data capacity is big, transmitted in both directions, thus do not need the secondary wiring; Can easily powerline network be extended to the low-voltage customer side, realize the data acquisition to electric supply meter, adaptability is good.Advantage such as combining wireless communication unit network-adaptive property and cut-through ability in use is strong; Both combine; Not only effectively raise the robotization and the level of IT application, be beneficial to the collection of extensive propelling power consumer power information, also guaranteeing to make the wiring of checking meter wait site operation work to become easy to be flexible in the message transmission rate efficiently; Under the situation of power line environment deterioration or specific (special) requirements, automatically switch to wireless mode and check meter.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the kilowatt meter reading-out system of technical scheme of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram of the meter register method of technical scheme of the present invention.
Embodiment
By specifying technology contents of the present invention, structural attitude, realized purpose and effect, give explanation below in conjunction with embodiment and conjunction with figs. are detailed.
See also Fig. 1, a kind of kilowatt meter reading-out system provided by the invention comprises line of electric force bandwidth carrier communication unit, wireless communication unit, clock unit, control module and storage unit; Said line of electric force bandwidth carrier communication unit, wireless communication unit, clock unit and storage unit all are connected with control module; Said line of electric force bandwidth carrier communication unit is used to receive the ammeter signal that sends through the broadband power line carrier system; Said wireless communication unit is used to receive the signal of checking meter that sends through communication; Control module is used for the detecting of power line channel situation; Controlling the channel of kilowatt meter reading-out system between broadband power carrier communication and radio communication according to the detecting result automaticallyes switch; Carry out automatic network-building behind the switching channels, and will carry out format conversion from the signal of checking meter that line of electric force bandwidth carrier communication unit and wireless communication unit receive and generate ammeter data; Said clock unit is that control module provides clock trigger signal; Storage unit is used for the ammeter data of storage control unit, the control command that store electricity power line bandwidth carrier communication unit and wireless communication unit channel switch, the controlled variable of store electricity line of force channel conditions detecting.Said control module adopts the microprocessor of main flow, and said data computation unit is used for the broadband power line channel conditions is monitored in real time, and signal carries out format conversion to checking meter; Said logic judgment unit is used for the judgement of power line channel situation, and the network channel of management broadband power line carrier wave unit and wireless communication unit switches; Said buffer unit is used for the controlled variable of control module and the buffer-stored of ammeter data.
In the process of work, under the normal situation of power line communication, kilowatt meter reading-out system communicates through broadband power line carrier wave unit and ammeter; When power line communication is unusual; Line of electric force bandwidth carrier communication unit and wireless communication unit send control signal through data bus to control module, after control module receives control signal, judge whether to need to switch communication mode through data computation unit and logic judgment unit; Satisfy the condition of switching communication mode when signal intelligence after; Control module switches communication mode, carries out radio communication through wireless communication unit and ammeter, and carries out networking again.After communication communication, control module still carries out detecting real-time to the channel conditions of line of electric force.In the middle of kilowatt meter reading-out system and ammeter communication process; Control module is gathered the row format conversion of going forward side by side of the signal of checking meter that line of electric force bandwidth carrier communication unit and wireless communication unit receive and is generated ammeter data; And ammeter data temporarily is stored in the buffer unit, at last ammeter data is stored in the storage unit.Concrete, said storage unit comprises RAM and FLASH; Said RAM is used to store ammeter data; Said FLASH is used for the controlled variable of storage control unit.Said FLASH adopts the FLASH chip of main flow; Guarantee the storage of controlled variable etc. and read that said RAM also adopts the RAM chip of main flow, store electricity meter reading and some cache informations; After kilowatt meter reading-out system communicates mode and switches; Again gather ammeter data, and be stored among the RAM, the data in real time of ammeter is upgraded among the RAM.When work; The controlled variable of FLASH storage control unit is like controlled variable such as channel automatic switchover, automatic network-buildings, when control module need carry out switching controls; Control module is obtained controlled variable from the FLASH storer, then execute the process that channel automaticallyes switch.The physical characteristics of FLASH and common in have the difference of essence: present all kinds of DDR, SDRAM or RDRAM belong to volatile memory; As long as the data that stop in the electric current supply internal memory just can't keep, therefore each start all need be written into internal memory to data again; Flash memory also can keep data muchly under the condition that does not have the electric current supply, its storage characteristics is equivalent to hard disk, the control command of control module is stored among the FLASH, thereby can guarantees running up of control module, guarantees the normal operation of kilowatt meter reading-out system.RAM is used to store ammeter reading and cache information, makes things convenient for the staff that the data of ammeter are carried out real-time follow-up.Control module regularly detect current signal intelligence at the appointed time, thereby whether decision switches communication mode through the clock unit timing.Concrete, said clock unit is the RTC clock unit, the RTC clock timing is accurate, guarantees the copy reading on time and the data-frozen of data.Control module is pre-stored in current ammeter reading and controlled variable earlier in the buffer unit, and then control module is given external storage unit with the data transmission in the buffer unit.
Consult Fig. 2, the present technique scheme also provides a kind of meter register method, and this method may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: receive and dispatch the signal of checking meter through line of electric force;
Step 2: periodically detect the power line channel situation, judge current power line channel conditions according to the signal of communication that receives, if power line communication is normal, then circulation step 2, if power line communication is improper, then change step 3; Said communication conditions criterion is: the packet loss when signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) is lower than predetermined threshold or kilowatt meter reading-out system reception signal in the power line communication channel thinks that greater than 20% o'clock improper communication, said cycle are configurable period, and default value is 5 minutes;
Step 3: between communication of line of electric force bandwidth carrier and radio communication, carry out channel and automatically switch, receive and dispatch the signal of communication of checking meter through wireless mode;
Step 4: the intermittent power line channel situation that detects of kilowatt meter reading-out system, judge current power line channel conditions according to the signal of communication of checking meter that receives, if power line communication is normal, then return step 1, if power line communication is improper, then change step 3.In this step, said signal intelligence criterion is: the packet loss when signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) is less than predetermined threshold or kilowatt meter reading-out system reception signal in the communication channel is higher than at 5% o'clock and thinks that improper communication, said quiescent interval are the configurable time, and default value is 30 minutes.
Said signal of communication comprises signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) and the packet loss in the communication channel.
Under line of electric force can the situation of proper communication; Kilowatt meter reading-out system receives the signal of checking meter through line of electric force; The control module of kilowatt meter reading-out system periodically detects power line communication situation in nearest 5 minutes, and when the packet loss that is lower than the signal of the ammeter that predetermined threshold or kilowatt meter reading-out system receive when the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) in the power line communication channel was higher than 20%, control module was through data computation and logic detection; Judge current power wire loop border variation; In this time, kilowatt meter reading-out system will be under the control of control module, and the mode that automatically switches to radio meter register is communicated by letter.After kilowatt meter reading-out system switches to communication; Control module whenever detected current power line communication situation automatically at a distance from 30 minutes; Signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) in detecting current power line communication channel is higher than predetermined threshold or control module when differentiating current packet loss and being lower than 5%, thinks that promptly the environment of current power line returns to good state, this time; Kilowatt meter reading-out system will switch to the broadband power line communication mode by communication automatically under the control of control module.
This meter reading method can detect the signal intelligence of current system automatically; Independently select the suitable data transmission mode according to current signal intelligence; Enlarged range of control; Different transmission networks is combined same detection and control with same system with it, and the concertedness between the enhanced system has guaranteed efficient, reliable work.
The above is merely embodiments of the invention; Be not so limit claim of the present invention; Every equivalent structure or equivalent flow process conversion that utilizes instructions of the present invention and accompanying drawing content to be done; Or directly or indirectly be used in other relevant technical fields, all in like manner be included in the scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kilowatt meter reading-out system is characterized in that: comprise line of electric force bandwidth carrier communication unit, wireless communication unit, clock unit, control module and storage unit;
Said line of electric force bandwidth carrier communication unit, wireless communication unit, clock unit and storage unit all are connected with control module;
Said line of electric force bandwidth carrier communication unit is used to receive and dispatch the signal of checking meter that transmits through the broadband power line carrier system;
Said wireless communication unit is used to receive and dispatch the signal of checking meter that transmits through communication;
Control module is used for the detecting of power line channel situation; Controlling the channel of kilowatt meter reading-out system between broadband power carrier communication and radio communication according to the detecting result automaticallyes switch; Carry out automatic network-building behind the switching channels, and will carry out format conversion from the signal of checking meter that line of electric force bandwidth carrier communication unit and wireless communication unit receive and generate ammeter data;
Said clock unit is that control module provides clock trigger signal;
Storage unit is used for the ammeter data of storage control unit, the control command that store electricity power line bandwidth carrier communication unit and wireless communication unit channel switch, the controlled variable of store electricity line of force channel conditions detecting.
2. kilowatt meter reading-out system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said control module comprises data computation unit, logic judgment unit and buffer unit;
Said data computation unit is used for the power line channel situation is monitored in real time, and signal carries out format conversion to checking meter;
Said logic judgment unit is used for the judgement of power line channel situation, and the network channel of managing power line carrier wave and radio communication switches;
Said buffer unit is used for the controlled variable of control module and the buffer-stored of data.
3. kilowatt meter reading-out system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said storage unit comprises RAM and FLASH;
Said RAM is used for working procedure and storage running data;
Said FLASH is used for the controlled variable of stored programme, meter reading data and control module.
4. kilowatt meter reading-out system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said clock unit is the RTC clock unit.
5. a meter register method that is applied to any described kilowatt meter reading-out system of claim 1-4 is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: the signal of communication of checking meter through line of electric force bandwidth carrier transceiver communication;
Step 2: periodically detect the power line channel situation, judge current power line channel conditions according to the signal of communication of checking meter that receives, if power line communication is normal, then circulation step 2, if power line communication is improper, then change step 3;
Step 3: between communication of line of electric force bandwidth carrier and radio communication, carry out channel and automatically switch, receive and dispatch the signal of communication of checking meter through communication;
Step 4: the intermittent power line channel situation that detects of kilowatt meter reading-out system, judge current power line channel conditions according to the signal of communication of checking meter that receives, if power line communication is normal, then return step 1, if power line communication is improper, then circulation step 4.
6. meter register method according to claim 5 is characterized in that, said signal of communication comprises the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) and the packet loss of communication channel.
7. according to claim 5 or 6 described meter register methods; It is characterized in that: in the step 2, said communication conditions criterion is: the packet loss the when signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of power line communication channel is lower than predetermined lowest threshold or kilowatt meter reading-out system and receives signal is greater than thinking improper communication at 20% o'clock.
8. meter register method according to claim 7 is characterized in that: in the step 2, the said cycle is 5 minutes.
9. meter register method according to claim 5; It is characterized in that: in the step 4, said signal intelligence criterion is: the packet loss when the radio communication channel signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) receives signal greater than predetermined high threshold or kilowatt meter reading-out system is greater than thinking improper communication at 5% o'clock.
10. meter register method according to claim 9 is characterized in that: in the step 4, the said quiescent interval is 30 minutes.
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| CN102761350A (en) * | 2012-07-19 | 2012-10-31 | 清华大学 | Power line and wireless mixed communication method and device thereof |
| CN103138801A (en) * | 2013-03-19 | 2013-06-05 | 湖北省电力公司 | Device and method for automatic switching of narrow-band power line carrier and micro-power wireless binary channel |
| CN103400492A (en) * | 2013-06-24 | 2013-11-20 | 深圳市国电科技通信有限公司 | Dual-mode communication chip integrating power line and wireless communication and acquisition equipment |
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| CN107769819A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-03-06 | 北京小米移动软件有限公司 | Data transmission method, device, equipment and storage medium |
| CN108731193A (en) * | 2018-03-02 | 2018-11-02 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Realization Method of Communication and device, the storage medium and processor of air-conditioner set |
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| CN112763003A (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2021-05-07 | 陕西阳光时代电气有限公司 | Data acquisition system and method based on intelligent instrument communication unit in power grid |
| CN115189717A (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2022-10-14 | 海南电网有限责任公司 | Power line carrier communication problem diagnosis method |
| CN117792436A (en) * | 2024-02-26 | 2024-03-29 | 国网山西省电力公司临汾供电公司 | Detection device of broadband carrier module |
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