CN102590889A - Log multi-parameter oil-gas interpretation method based on radar map and cloud model - Google Patents
Log multi-parameter oil-gas interpretation method based on radar map and cloud model Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a log multi-parameter oil-gas layer interpretation and evaluation method based on a radar map and a cloud model. The method comprises the steps of: obtaining interpretation and evaluation parameters by normal geological log, gas log, geochemical log, nuclear magnetic log and the like; integrating log interpretation databases; drawing the log multi-parameter oil-gas interpretation radar map according to different reservoir types in different areas by using the databases; and mapping the interpretation parameters onto the rays of the radar map. The radar map is divided into a good reservoir, a medium reservoir and a poor reservoir from inside to outside; the area of the radar map is taken as the characteristic quantity for finishing characteristic extraction; the area of the radar map is used to calculate a cloud boundary equation, and the cloud boundary equation is mapped on the manufactured cloud scale; the cloud model is the same as the radar map, namely the reservoir is divided into a dry layer area, a low-yield oil-gas layer area and an oil-gas layer area with industrial value from inside to outside. The intuitional and quantitative interpretation and evaluation of log multi-parameter oil-gas reservoirs is realized by the radar map and the cloud model. The interpretation coincidence rate can be increased, and the interpretation conclusion is represented by a graph, so that the log multi-parameter oil-gas layer interpretation and evaluation method is intuitional in expression and strong in applicability.
Description
Technical field
Patent of the present invention relates to a kind of based on radar map and the theoretical well logging multiparameter oil gas explanation evaluating method of cloud model.Can be used for tight sand, carbonatite, mud shale well logging SO&G interpretation and evaluation, Application Radar figure, cloud model graphic interpretation to properties of fluid in bearing stratum carry out intuitively, quick look.Belong to geology, well logging, well logging Engineering Service field, particularly well logging oil gas interpretation and evaluation.
Background technology
Well logging is an important means of petroleum exploration and development.The well logging multiparameter is a kind of important method of well logging integrated interpretation, and Application Radar figure and cloud model know-why realize displaying of well logging SO&G figure and comprehensive quantitative evaluation.The Application Radar drawing method carries out the logging explanation pattern exhibiting, and radar covers index and combines the theoretical well logging SO&G comprehensive quantitative evaluation that realizes of cloud model, for the exploratory development decision-making provides foundation.This interpretation procedure exists the unique technique advantage in the hydrocarbon-bearing formation evaluation; Particularly in the interpretation and evaluation of unconventional hydrocarbon show zones such as tight sand, carbonatite and shale; Have uniqueness and irreplaceability, can improve reliability and coincidence rate that well logging oil gas is explained.
Present well logging multiparameter is explained; Mainly be to build on to utilize a plurality of conventional well logging raw data to carry out simple comprehensive judgement, lack the theoretical explanation foundation of system, explain that conclusion is subject to the restriction of artificial subjective judgement ability; Cause the SO&G interpretation coincidence rate on the low side, poor for applicability.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to above-mentioned present situation; Aim to provide a kind of multiparameter well logging oil gas explanation evaluating method; Can improve interpretation coincidence rate; Can show intuitively that well logging respectively explains the quantitative relationship between key parameter, can quantize the well logging multiparameter hydrocarbon zone interpretation evaluation method based on radar map and cloud model of comprehensive evaluation index and uncertainty.
Implementation of the present invention is that based on the well logging multiparameter hydrocarbon zone interpretation evaluation method of radar map and cloud model, concrete steps are following:
1) when boring appearance, gas instrument, comprehensive logging instrument, geochemical logging appearance, nuclear-magnetism well logging appearance is gathered and the record logging parameters: the ROP during brill of reflection reservoir pore space property in the oil and gas zone evaluation, ratio R OPn/s, factor of porosity Φ when boring, total hydrocarbon content Ct, hydrocarbon contrast factor Kc, landwaste oil bearing grade Hy, landwaste water drip test Test, the liquid hydrocarbon S1 logging explanation evaluating of reflection reservoir oiliness; The logging explanation evaluating that is obtained is carried out preferably, sorts out, form the logging explanation database; According to areal geology characteristic, reservoir type selecting criteria for interpretation, preferred 3～10 parameters; Described logging parameters collection and record step-length are 1 point/m～1 point/0.1m,
2) divide the abnormal show layer,, read the reservoir data according to preferred crucial evaluation index according to the reservoir type of being estimated,
1. survey total hydrocarbon curve peak shape according to target well reservoir well logging gas and confirm reservoir thickness, playing the corresponding depth of stratum in place, peak with abnormal show layer total hydrocarbon curve is initial well depth H
1, single display peak-to-peak top or continuous veiny show that the corresponding depth of stratum in last summit place at peak is for finishing well depth H
2, abnormal show reservoir apparent thickness Ha is for finishing the poor of well depth and initial well depth, i.e. Ha=H
2-H
1
2. choose the maximal value of well logging FPG in the abnormal show interval, as reservoir formation pressure coefficient K to be evaluated
f
3. choose well logging in the abnormal show interval or well logging, the mean value of the indoor factor of porosity of measuring through rock sample and the mean value of permeability, as reservoir porosity Φ to be evaluated and permeability K;
When 4. choosing the cap rock brill of reservoir top 5m to 20m: at first ask for initial average output value ROPn
1, reject when boring mean value ROPn when asking for these cap rocks once more and boring then more than or equal to 1.5 times of initial average output value or smaller or equal to 0.5 times cap rock
2, ROPn
2ROPn when boring as cap rock;
5. get the maximum effective value total hydrocarbon exceptional value Ct (%) of reservoir, rejecting makes up a joint, making a trip influences data;
6. the total hydrocarbon mean value of choosing the cap rock of reservoir top 5m to 20m is base value Cb (%);
ROPn when 7. utilizing cap rock to bore, ratio R ROPn/s when ROPs calculated reservoir and bores when reservoir bored, RROPn/s=ROPn/ROPs;
8. utilize total hydrocarbon exceptional value Ct (%) and base value Cb (%) to calculate hydrocarbon contrast factor Kc, Kc=Ct/Cb;
9. get the oil bearing grade Hy of abnormal show section landwaste, rock core;
10. get the water drip test Test result of abnormal show section landwaste, rock core;
(11) get the abnormal show interval bore open after, observe drilling fluid and flow out groove face, oil bloom, bubble account for drilling fluid groove face maximum area MUD (%) as groove face displayed value MUD (%);
(12) get landwaste, core sample geochemical analysis total content of organic carbon (TOC) value in the abnormal show interval;
(13) get the brittle mineral content value that landwaste in the abnormal show interval, core sample formation chemistry element well logging are analyzed;
(14) get the H of gas sample analysis in the abnormal show interval
2S absolute content value (%);
3) well logging multiparameter data normalization is handled: because of radar map is divided into two kinds of standard radar figure, free radar maps; Standard radar figure need be according to the reservoir indicating characteristic; So 3～10 logging explanations that radar map is made in screening to be needed are estimated key parameter; Parameter is handled by the normalization standard, and it is 2 that interpretation parameters is transformed to average, and variance is 1 amount;
4) make radar map
First kind: standard radar figure.
Select to show thickness H, hydrocarbon contrast factor Kc, oil bearing grade Hy, total hydrocarbon content Ct, water drip test Text, liquid hydrocarbon content S
1, factor of porosity φ, 8 well logging key parameters of ratio R OPn/s are classification X axle sign when boring, scale be a linearity, meter full scale 0～4; Using diameter is that 1.5,2.5 evaluation circle or each value are 1.5,2.5 equilateral octagon, divides A, B, three districts of C from inside to outside with radar map, corresponding poor respectively, in, three grades of demonstrations, three layers on promptly dried layer, oil bearing reservoir, hydrocarbon zone; The combination of objective of interpretation layer parameter according to correspondence is mapped on the radar map; Point on the X axle couples together, and on the radar plate, constitutes the polygon of a sealing, and the area value of this polygonal region sealing promptly is that the radar of this interpretation layer covers index E x mark, and most somes region is the SO&G rank;
The adjacent diaxon line segment of target interpretation layer constitutes a triangle on the radar map, and the length of side is respectively R
iWith R
I+1,, angle does
Triangle area:
The corresponding polygon envelope area S of target interpretation layer is also referred to as radar and covers index E x mark on the radar map:
i＝1，2，…，n；
Second kind: free radar map
Select to show thickness H, hydrocarbon contrast factor Kc, organic carbon content TOC, reservoir pressure coefficient Kf, factor of porosity φ, OPn/s6 well logging key parameter of ratio R is classification X axle sign when boring, scale is two kinds of linearity and logarithms, optimal selection is a logarithmic scale; The scale of each parameter is adjusted according to actual value, shows thickness H, hydrocarbon contrast factor Kc, scale is 1～100 from inside to outside; Organic carbon content TOC, reservoir pressure coefficient Kf, factor of porosity φ, when boring ratio R OPn/s from inside to outside scale be 0.1～10;
Using each value is 1.5,2.5 equilateral hexagon, divides A, B, three districts of C from inside to outside with radar map, corresponding poor respectively, in, three grades of demonstrations; To be mapped on the radar map by the well logging multiparameter value of certain combination balanced sorting, the occurrence of each input is represented with the length of classification X axle.Point on the X axle couples together, and on the radar plate, constitutes the polygon of a sealing, and the area value of this polygonal region sealing is that the radar of this interpretation layer covers index E x certainly; Free radar map covers index and calculates with the area of a polygon that the logging parameters value constitutes, and meter full scale is in 1～100 direct value, in 0.1～10 back+1 of taking the logarithm;
5) with cloud model YM=(Ex, En, He) expression, expectation value Ex, entropy En, three numerical characteristics of ultra entropy He characterize cloud model, its computing formula is:
In the formula: Bmax is that on-site interpretation person, finishing drilling commentator, synthetic study person explain that the corresponding radar of conclusion covers the index maximal value; Bmin is that on-site interpretation person, finishing drilling commentator, synthetic study person explain that the corresponding radar of conclusion covers the index minimum value, and He generally gets 0.1;
6) utilize radar to cover index E x-degree of membership σ and draw cloud model figure, cloud model figure transverse axis is that radar covers index E x, and transverse axis is degree of membership σ, and cloud model figure is divided into A district to be done a layer district, B district low yield hydrocarbon zone district, C district and have three zones, commercial value hydrocarbon zone district;
(Ex, En He) place on the cloud model by the normal distyribution function form, and Ex value region is corresponding RESERVOIR INTERPRETATION evaluation conclusion with the cloud model equation YM=of objective of interpretation layer.
The present invention utilizes radar to cover index to combine the theoretical comprehensive quantitative evaluation that realizes the well logging SO&G of cloud model.Use radar to cover index and accomplish feature extraction as characteristic quantity, utilization cloud model qualitative, quantitative converts conversion.The cloud model that is used to estimate can reflect the level of coverage of each parameter value clearly, covers exponential quantity for identical radar map, and its degree of membership has randomness, can reflect the otherness that fuzzy evaluation embodies.Obtain the comprehensive interpretation and evaluation conclusion of reservoir in conjunction with radar map, radar map well logging phase, three kinds of diagrams of cloud model form; Conclusion can be " hydrocarbon zone, oily water layer, a dried layer "; " hydrocarbon zone, low yield hydrocarbon zone, dried layer " with commercial value; " pore type hydrocarbon zone, slit formation hydrocarbon zone ", " high-hydrogen sulfide pore type pierite gas-bearing formation, high pressure slit formation limestone gas-bearing formation ".
Intuitive of the present invention is strong, coincidence rate, reliability height, and wide accommodation particularly has the unique technique advantage aspect the well logging oil gas interpretation and evaluation of carbonatite, tight sand and unconventional shale gas reservoir.
The present invention in basin, Jiang-Han Area Sandstone Gas Reservoir, west place in Hubei more than the 50 mouthful of wells such as eastern carbonatite, shale gas reservoir that change use; 126 layers of interpretation and evaluation hydrocarbon show zones; There are 110 layers to explain that conclusion and formation testing result meet; The hydrocarbon zone interpretation coincidence rate is 87.3%, has improved 15% than classic method.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a mechanical flow diagram of the present invention,
Fig. 2 is petroclastic rock 8 parameter and standard radar map interpretation charts,
Fig. 3 is the free radar map interpretation charts of 6 parameters,
Fig. 4 is petroclastic rock 8 parameter cloud model interpretation charts,
Fig. 5 is an A well radar map instance of the present invention,
Fig. 6 is an A well cloud model instance of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a B well ground floor radar map instance of the present invention,
Fig. 8 is a B well ground floor cloud model instance of the present invention,
Fig. 9 is a B well second layer radar map instance of the present invention,
Figure 10 is a B well second layer cloud model instance of the present invention,
Figure 11 is a C well radar map instance of the present invention,
Figure 12 is a C well cloud model instance of the present invention.
Embodiment
With reference to Fig. 1; The present invention obtains the interpretation and evaluation parameter through well logging technology such as conventional geological logging, gas detection logging, geochemical logging, nuclear-magnetism well loggings; Integrated decryption storehouse; Utilize the gas survey data in the database to confirm display layer well section, optimize 3～10 crucial logging parameters, according to normalization standard treated decryption and drafting radar map.The area value of radar map polygon sealing covers index for the destination layer radar; Cover exponential sum regional evaluation cloud equation according to radar and draw cloud model figure; Radar map, radar map well logging phase, cloud model figure form and corresponding criteria for interpretation according to the objective of interpretation layer carries out comprehensive evaluation again, exports the interpretation and evaluation result at last.
The present invention is detailed with reference to the accompanying drawings: concrete steps of the present invention are following:
Utilize the database region-by-region to draw multiparameter well logging oil gas and explain radar map by different reservoir types; Interpretation parameters is according to weights coefficient (being 1); Be mapped on the ray of radar map; Radar map is made up of two concentric circless, be divided into from inside to outside, in, the difference reservoir display type is divided into three grades (like Fig. 2).Area with radar map is accomplished feature extraction as characteristic quantity; The area of utilization radar map (claiming that also radar covers index) calculates cloudland is limit equation; On the cloud scale that cloudland is limit equation to be mapped to make; Cloud model is consistent with radar map, and reservoir is divided into dried layer district, a low yield hydrocarbon zone district from inside to outside, has commercial value hydrocarbon zone district (like Fig. 3).Realization utilizes radar map, cloud model to realize directly perceived, the quantitative interpretation evaluation of well logging multiparameter oil gas explanation reservoir.
1) when boring appearance, gas instrument, comprehensive logging instrument, geochemical logging appearance, nuclear-magnetism well logging appearance is gathered and the record logging parameters: the ROP during brill of reflection reservoir pore space property in the oil and gas zone evaluation, ratio R OPn/s, factor of porosity Φ when boring, total hydrocarbon content Ct, hydrocarbon contrast factor Kc, landwaste oil bearing grade Hy, landwaste water drip test Test, the liquid hydrocarbon S1 logging explanation evaluating of reflection reservoir oiliness.The logging explanation evaluating that is obtained is carried out preferably, sorts out, form the logging explanation database.
To different blocks, reservoir, according to areal geology characteristic, reservoir type selecting criteria for interpretation, preferred parameter generally selects 3～10 parameters.As to the close sandstone reservoir in basin, Jiang-Han Area; Ratio (ROPn/s), landwaste oil bearing grade (Hy), landwaste water drip test (Test), liquid hydrocarbon (S1), 8 parameters of factor of porosity (Φ) are set up basin, Jiang-Han Area Sandstone Gas Reservoir interpretation and evaluation normalization standard and parametric optimization combination (seeing table 1) as crucial evaluation index when estimating preferred demonstration thickness (H), hydrocarbon content (Ct), hydrocarbon contrast factor (Kc), brill.Sector East, west place in Hubei Chongqing Evaluation of Carbonate Reservoir is shown that preferably thickness (H), hydrocarbon content (Ct), drilling fluid groove face show (MUD), hydrocarbon contrast factor (Kc), ratio (ROPn/s), factor of porosity (Φ), gas appearance H when boring
2S content (H2S), reservoir pressure (Kf) totally 8 parameters are set up west place in Hubei Chongqing Sector East carbonate reservoir interpretation and evaluation normalization standard and parametric optimization combination (seeing table 2) as crucial evaluation index.To Sector East, west place in Hubei Chongqing shale gas evaluating reservoir preferably show thickness (H), hydrocarbon contrast factor (Kc), when boring ratio (ROPn/s), total content of organic carbon (TOC), gas productive rate index (GPI), brittle mineral content (SiPLUS), factor of porosity (Φ), reservoir pressure (Kf) totally 8 parameters set up Sector East, west place in Hubei Chongqing shale gas RESERVOIR INTERPRETATION and estimate normalization standard and parametric optimization combination (seeing table 3) as crucial evaluation index.
Described logging parameters collection and record step-length are 1 point/m～1 point/0.1m,
Exploratory area, table 1 Jiang-Han Area Sandstone Gas Reservoir well logging multiparameter SO&G is estimated the normalization standard
Sector East, table 2 west place in Hubei Chongqing carbonate reservoir well logging multiparameter SO&G is estimated the normalization standard
Sector East, table 3 west place in Hubei Chongqing shale gas reservoir well logging multiparameter SO&G is estimated the normalization standard
2) divide the abnormal show layer,, read the reservoir data according to preferred crucial evaluation index according to the reservoir type of being estimated,
1. survey total hydrocarbon curve peak shape according to target well reservoir well logging gas and confirm reservoir thickness.Playing the corresponding depth of stratum in place, peak with abnormal show layer total hydrocarbon curve is initial well depth H
1, single display peak-to-peak top or continuous veiny show that the corresponding depth of stratum in last summit place at peak is for finishing well depth H
2, abnormal show reservoir apparent thickness Ha is for finishing the poor of well depth and initial well depth, i.e. Ha=H
2-H
1
2. choose the maximal value of well logging FPG (unit is MPa/100m, or MPa/hm, keeps 2 decimals) in the abnormal show interval, as reservoir formation pressure coefficient K to be evaluated
f
3. choose interior well logging of abnormal show interval or well logging, the indoor mean value (expression keeps 2 decimals decimally) of the factor of porosity Φ of rock sample measurement and the mean value of permeability K (md) of passing through, as reservoir porosity Φ to be evaluated and permeability K.
When 4. choosing the cap rock brill of reservoir top 5m to 20m, at first ask for initial average output value ROPn
1, reject when boring mean value ROPn when asking for these cap rocks once more and boring then more than or equal to 1.5 times of initial average output value or smaller or equal to 0.5 times cap rock
2, choose this value ROPn
2ROPn when boring as cap rock.
5. get the maximum effective value total hydrocarbon exceptional value Ct (%) of reservoir, rejecting makes up a joint, making a trip influences data;
6. the total hydrocarbon mean value of choosing the cap rock of reservoir top 5m to 20m is base value Cb (%);
ROPn when 7. utilizing cap rock to bore, ratio R ROPn/s when ROPs calculated reservoir and bores when reservoir bored, RROPn/s=ROPn/ROPs;
8. utilize total hydrocarbon exceptional value Ct (%) and base value Cb (%) to calculate hydrocarbon contrast factor Kc, Kc=Ct/Cb;
When 4. choosing the cap rock brill of reservoir top 5m to 20m, at first ask for initial average output value ROPn
1, reject when boring mean value ROPn when asking for these cap rocks once more and boring then more than or equal to 1.5 times of initial average output value or smaller or equal to 0.5 times cap rock
2, choose this value ROPn
2ROPn when boring as cap rock;
5. get the maximum effective value total hydrocarbon exceptional value Ct (%) of reservoir, rejecting makes up a joint, making a trip influences data;
6. the total hydrocarbon mean value of choosing the cap rock of reservoir top 5m to 20m is base value Cb (%);
ROPn when 7. utilizing cap rock to bore, ratio R ROPn/s when ROPs calculated reservoir and bores when reservoir bored, RROPn/s=ROPn/ROPs;
8. utilize total hydrocarbon exceptional value Ct (%) and base value Cb (%) to calculate hydrocarbon contrast factor Kc, Kc=Ct/Cb;
9. get the oil bearing grade Hy of abnormal show section landwaste, rock core;
10. get the water drip test Test result of abnormal show section landwaste, rock core;
(11) get the abnormal show interval bore open after, observe drilling fluid and flow out groove face, oil bloom, bubble account for drilling fluid groove face maximum area MUD (%) as groove face displayed value MUD (%);
(12) get landwaste, core sample geochemical analysis total content of organic carbon (TOC) value in the abnormal show interval;
(13) get landwaste in the abnormal show interval, core sample formation chemistry element well logging (X Ray Fluorescence, the brittle mineral content of XRF) analyzing (SiPLUS) value;
(14) get the H of gas sample analysis in the abnormal show interval
2S (H2S) absolute content value (%).
3) well logging multiparameter data normalization is handled.Radar map is divided into 2 kinds of standard radar figure, free radar maps.Standard radar figure need be according to the reservoir indicating characteristic; 3～10 logging explanations that radar map is made in screening to be needed are estimated key parameter, and the best is chosen for 6 or 8, and parameter is handled by the normalization standard; It is 2 that interpretation parameters is transformed to average, and variance is 1 amount.Free radar map does not need standardization.
4) make radar map
First kind: standard radar figure.
With reference to Fig. 2; 8 parameter radar maps select to show thickness (H), hydrocarbon contrast factor (Kc), oil bearing grade (Hy), total hydrocarbon content (Ct), water drip test (Text), liquid hydrocarbon content (S1), factor of porosity (φ), the well logging key parameter of 8 of ratios (ROPn/s) is classification (X) axle sign when boring; Scale is linear, meter full scale 0～4.Using diameter is 1.5,2.5 evaluation circle, or each value is 1.5,2.5 equilateral octagon, divides A, B, three districts of C from inside to outside with radar map, corresponding poor respectively, in, three grades of demonstrations.The A district is that diameter is evaluation circle or its corresponding evaluation polygon closed region of 1.5; The B district is that diameter is the endless belt between 1.5 and 2.5, or its corresponding polygon closed region; The C district is the endless belt outside A district, the B district.The combination of objective of interpretation layer parameter according to correspondence is mapped on the radar map; Point on the X axle couples together, and on the radar plate, constitutes the polygon of a sealing, and the area value of this polygonal region sealing promptly is that the radar of this interpretation layer covers index E x mark, and most somes region is the SO&G rank.
The adjacent diaxon line segment of target interpretation layer constitutes a triangle on the radar map, and the length of side is respectively R
iWith R
I+1,, angle does
Triangle area:
The corresponding polygon envelope area S of target interpretation layer is also referred to as radar and covers index E x mark on the radar map:
i=1; 2;, n.
8 parameters of ratio when petroclastic rock 8 parameter radar maps are selected to show thickness, hydrocarbon contrast factor, oil bearing grade, hydrocarbon content, water drip test, liquid hydrocarbon content, factor of porosity, brill from direct north (top) clockwise in regular turn; Radar map covers index and is hydrocarbon zone greater than 17.7; 6.4～17.7 is oil bearing reservoir, is dried layer less than 6.4.Left field totally reflects reservoir pore space property; Right side area totally reflects the reservoir oiliness.It is the hydrocarbon zone phase that the figure left-right symmetric is grown full; It is that oily is done layer phase that the left side agensis is grown on the right side; It is oily water layer phase that the right side agensis is grown in the left side.The sign characteristics are defined as " petroclastic rock radar map well logging phase ".
Ratio, factor of porosity, gas-bearing formation gas H when carbonatite 8 parameter radar maps are selected to show thickness, pressure coefficient, groove face demonstration, hydrocarbon contrast factor, hydrocarbon content, brill from direct north (top) clockwise in regular turn
28 parameters of S content, it is gas-bearing formation greater than 17.7 that radar map covers index, 6.4～17.7 is gas-bearing horizon, is dried layer less than 6.4.Left field totally reflects pierite pore type reservoir; Right side area totally reflects limestone slit formation reservoir.The sign characteristics are defined as " carbonatite radar map well logging phase ".
6 parameters of ratio when shale 6 parameter radar maps are selected to show thickness, hydrocarbon contrast factor, organic carbon content, pressure coefficient, factor of porosity, brill from direct north (top) clockwise in regular turn; Radar map covers index and is hydrocarbon zone greater than 16.2; 5.8～16.2 is oil bearing reservoir, is dried layer less than 5.8.Left field totally reflects reservoir pore space property; Right side area totally reflects the reservoir oiliness.It is the hydrocarbon zone phase that the figure left-right symmetric is grown full; It is that oily is done layer phase that the left side agensis is grown on the right side; It is oily water layer phase that the right side agensis is grown in the left side.The sign characteristics are defined as " shale oil gas radar map well logging phase ".
Second kind: free radar map
With reference to Fig. 3; The free radar map of 6 parameters selects to show thickness (H), hydrocarbon contrast factor (Kc), organic carbon content (TOC), reservoir pressure coefficient (Kf), factor of porosity (φ), 6 well logging key parameters of ratio (ROPn/s) are classification (X) axle sign when boring; Scale can be linear and two kinds of logarithms, and optimal selection is a logarithmic scale.The scale of each parameter is adjusted according to actual value, show thickness (H), hydrocarbon contrast factor (Kc) but, scale is 1～100 from inside to outside; Organic carbon content (TOC), reservoir pressure coefficient (Kf), factor of porosity (φ), when boring ratio (ROPn/s) but from inside to outside scale be 0.1～10.
Using each value is 1.5,2.5 equilateral hexagon, divides A, B, three districts of C from inside to outside with radar map, corresponding poor respectively, in, three grades of demonstrations.The A district is that diameter is 1.5 evaluation polygon closed region; The B district is that diameter is the polygon closed region between 1.5 and 2.5; The C district is the endless belt outside the B district; To be mapped on the radar map by the well logging multiparameter value of certain combination balanced sorting, the occurrence of each input is represented with the length of classification X axle.Point on the X axle couples together, and on the radar plate, constitutes the polygon of a sealing, and the area value of this polygonal region sealing is that the radar of this interpretation layer covers index E x certainly.Free radar map covers index and calculates with the area of a polygon that the logging parameters value constitutes, and for the value of the taking the logarithm reference area of number scale, meter full scale is in 1～100 direct value, in 0.1～10 back+1 of taking the logarithm.
5) cloud model evaluation equation: YM=(Ex, En, He)
The adjacent diaxon line segment of target interpretation layer constitutes a triangle on the radar map, and the length of side is respectively R
iWith R
I+1,, angle does
Its triangle area:
The corresponding polygon envelope area S of target interpretation layer is also referred to as radar and covers index E x on the radar map:
i=1; 2;, n.
With cloud model YM=(Ex, En, He) expression, expectation value Ex, entropy En, three numerical characteristics of ultra entropy He characterize cloud model, its computing formula is:
In the formula: Bmax is that on-site interpretation person, finishing drilling commentator, synthetic study person explain that the corresponding radar of conclusion covers the index maximal value, keeps a decimal; Bmin is that on-site interpretation person, finishing drilling commentator, synthetic study person explain that the corresponding radar of conclusion covers the index minimum value, keeps a decimal; He is that k generally gets 0.1.Easy to use for the scene, En adopts expert assessment method to confirm more, in use determines optimum value through the way of summing up experience.
The cloud model that standard radar figure is corresponding: 8 parameter evaluation radius of circles are 1.5 pairing octagon cloud model evaluation equation YM1=(6.4,1.1,0.1), and radius is the octagon cloud model evaluation equation YM2=(17.7,2.9,0.1) of 2.5 correspondences.
The free radar map of logarithmic scale, the polygonal cloud model equation of its pairing 6 parameter evaluations is respectively YM1=(3,1,0.1), YM2=(5.3,0.8,0.1).
6) draw cloud model figure
With reference to Fig. 4, utilize radar to cover index E x-degree of membership σ and draw cloud model figure.Cloud model figure transverse axis is that radar covers index E x, dimensionless, linear graduation, best meter full scale 0～40; Transverse axis is degree of membership σ, dimensionless, linear graduation, scope 0～1.Degree of membership is the being this or that property of the fuzzy things of portrayal, use cloud liken qualitative and quantitatively between the uncertainty mapping.
YM1, YM2 are estimated the cloud model equation and place in the cloud model figure by the normal distyribution function form, utilize expectation value Ex, entropy En, three values of ultra entropy He to draw out cloud model figure.Cloud model figure divides and is divided into A, B, three zones of C from left to right, and the corresponding SO&G in A district is done layer, B district corresponding hydrocarbon show zones low yield HYDROCARBON-BEARING REGION, and C district correspondence has commercial value hydrocarbon zone district.
(Ex, En He) place on the cloud model by the normal distyribution function form, and Ex value region is corresponding RESERVOIR INTERPRETATION evaluation conclusion with the cloud model equation YM=of objective of interpretation layer.
7) combine radar map, radar map well logging phase, three kinds of diagrams of cloud model form to obtain reservoir comprehensive interpretation and evaluation conclusion; They can be " hydrocarbon zone, oily water layer, dried layers "; " hydrocarbon zone, low yield hydrocarbon zone, dried layer " with commercial value; " the fine and close hydrocarbon zone of low porosity and low permeability, oil bearing reservoir, dried layer ", " pore type hydrocarbon zone, slit formation hydrocarbon zone ", " pore type pierite gas-bearing formation, slit formation limestone gas-bearing formation ".
8) output result.
With specific embodiment the present invention is described below.
1) the present invention's tight sand oil reservoir A well application in basin, Jiang-Han Area.
Bore the new ditch mouth group hypomere 2 oil group well sections 3483.5～3488.5m that meets at this well and find and explain 1 layer of tight sand display layer, main lithology is a siltstone.
8 parameters such as ratio are the interpretation and evaluation key parameter when preferred this display layer thickness, hydrocarbon contrast factor, total hydrocarbon, water drip test, liquid hydrocarbon, factor of porosity, brill; And these 8 parameters are carried out normalization by tight sand reservoir evaluation standard (table 1) handle; Be depicted as radar map (Fig. 5), the radar map form is grown fuller, and most points drop on the C district; Show that rank for well, is the tight sand hydrocarbon zone and shows; This layer radar covers index E x=21.9, and cloud model YM=(21.9,2.8,0.1), destination layer cloud model curve drop on the C district (Fig. 6) of Ex-σ plate, are to have commercial value hydrocarbon zone characteristic; Integrated interpretation is an oil reservoir.
To well section 3483.0～3488.5m formation testing, obtain the high yield industry oil stream of day produce oil 13t; The formation testing conclusion has confirmed that radar map and cloud model interpretation and evaluation conclusion are reliable.
2) the B well of the present invention's carbonatite exploitation well in somewhere in the river is used.
Bore the 2 sections 6448.0～6482.0m of Permian system Changxing group leader that meet and grown 1 section 6689.0～6725.5m integrated interpretation two weak gas display layers at this well, main lithology is pierite.
Well section 6448.0～6482.0m display layer radar map form is grown full, and most points drop on C district (Fig. 7), shows that rank for well, is high-hydrogen sulfide pore type pierite gas-bearing formation to show mutually; This layer radar covers index E x=27.7, and cloud model YM=(27.7,1.6,0.1), destination layer cloud model curve drop on the C district (Fig. 8) of Ex-σ plate, is the hydrocarbon zone with commercial value and shows; It is single that gas is surveyed the demonstration of hydrocarbon component, and methane is only arranged, and no heavy hydrocarbon, integrated interpretation are gas-bearing formation.
Well section 6689.0～6725.5m display layer radar map form is fuller, and the institute C district that drops on a little and B district (Fig. 9) respectively account for 1/2nd, shows that rank for well, is high-hydrogen sulfide pore type pierite gas-bearing formation to show mutually; This layer radar covers index E x=20.1, and cloud model YM=(20.1,1.5,0.1), destination layer cloud model curve drop on the C district (Figure 10) of Ex-σ plate, is the hydrocarbon zone with commercial value and shows; It is single that gas is surveyed the demonstration of hydrocarbon component, and methane is only arranged, and no heavy hydrocarbon, integrated interpretation are gas-bearing formation.
Radar map and cloud model evaluation show that all well section 6448.0～6482.0m gas-bearing property is superior to well section 6689.0～6725.5m.
After the completion, well section 6698.0～6711.0m gas-bearing formation is carried out the acid fracturing gas testing, day producing natural gas 105.6 * 10
4m
3Well section 6448.0～6480.0m gas-bearing formation is carried out the acid fracturing gas testing, day producing natural gas 112.2 * 10
4m
3The gas testing result has confirmed the reliability of radar map and cloud model interpretation and evaluation conclusion.
3) the present invention in raise sub-area and build south structure shale gas C well and use.
Bore the gravity flow well group Dongyue Temple section well section 585.0～644.0m that unites under the Jurassic systerm of meeting at this well and explain 1 layer of shale gas display layer, main lithology is a shale.
6 parameters such as ratio, reservoir pressure coefficient are the interpretation and evaluation key parameter when preferred this display layer thickness, hydrocarbon contrast factor, organic carbon content TOC, factor of porosity, brill; And these 6 parameters are carried out normalization according to shale gas evaluation criterion (table 2) handle; Be depicted as radar map (Figure 11), the radar map form is grown full, and most points drop on the C district; Show that rank for well, is the fine and close hydrocarbon zone in low hole and shows; This layer radar covers index E x=24.2, and cloud model YM=(24.2,2.5,0.1), destination layer cloud model curve drop on the C district (Figure 12) of Ex-σ plate, is the hydrocarbon zone with commercial value and shows; Gas surveys to show with methane to be main, and no heavy hydrocarbon, integrated interpretation are the shale gas-bearing formation.The about 3000m of completion gas testing day producing natural gas
3
Claims (2)
1. based on the well logging multiparameter hydrocarbon zone interpretation evaluation method of radar map and cloud model, it is characterized in that concrete steps are following:
1) when boring appearance, gas instrument, comprehensive logging instrument, geochemical logging appearance, nuclear-magnetism well logging appearance is gathered and the record logging parameters: the ROP during brill of reflection reservoir pore space property in the oil and gas zone evaluation, ratio R OPn/s, factor of porosity Φ when boring, total hydrocarbon content Ct, hydrocarbon contrast factor Kc, landwaste oil bearing grade Hy, landwaste water drip test Test, the liquid hydrocarbon S1 logging explanation evaluating of reflection reservoir oiliness; The logging explanation evaluating that is obtained is carried out preferably, sorts out, form the logging explanation database; According to areal geology characteristic, reservoir type selecting criteria for interpretation, preferred 3～10 parameters; Described logging parameters collection and record step-length are 1 point/m～1 point/0.1m;
2) divide the abnormal show layer,, read the reservoir data according to preferred crucial evaluation index according to the reservoir type of being estimated,
1. survey total hydrocarbon curve peak shape according to target well reservoir well logging gas and confirm reservoir thickness, playing the corresponding depth of stratum in place, peak with abnormal show layer total hydrocarbon curve is initial well depth H
1, single display peak-to-peak top or continuous veiny show that the corresponding depth of stratum in last summit place at peak is for finishing well depth H
2, abnormal show reservoir apparent thickness Ha is for finishing the poor of well depth and initial well depth, i.e. Ha=H
2-H
1
2. choose the maximal value of well logging FPG in the abnormal show interval, as reservoir formation pressure coefficient K to be evaluated
f
3. choose well logging in the abnormal show interval or well logging, the mean value of the indoor factor of porosity of measuring through rock sample and the mean value of permeability, as reservoir porosity Φ to be evaluated and permeability K;
When 4. choosing the cap rock brill of reservoir top 5m to 20m: at first ask for initial average output value ROPn
1, reject when boring mean value ROPn when asking for these cap rocks once more and boring then more than or equal to 1.5 times of initial average output value or smaller or equal to 0.5 times cap rock
2, ROPn
2ROPn when boring as cap rock;
5. get the maximum effective value total hydrocarbon exceptional value Ct (%) of reservoir, rejecting makes up a joint, making a trip influences data;
6. the total hydrocarbon mean value of choosing the cap rock of reservoir top 5m to 20m is base value Cb (%);
ROPn when 7. utilizing cap rock to bore, ratio R ROPn/s when ROPs calculated reservoir and bores when reservoir bored, RROPn/s=ROPn/ROPs;
8. utilize total hydrocarbon exceptional value Ct (%) and base value Cb (%) to calculate hydrocarbon contrast factor Kc, Kc=Ct/Cb;
9. get the oil bearing grade Hy of abnormal show section landwaste, rock core;
10. get the water drip test Test result of abnormal show section landwaste, rock core;
(11) get the abnormal show interval bore open after, observe drilling fluid and flow out groove face, oil bloom, bubble account for drilling fluid groove face maximum area MUD (%) as groove face displayed value MUD (%);
(12) get landwaste, core sample geochemical analysis total content of organic carbon (TOC) value in the abnormal show interval;
(13) get the brittle mineral content value that landwaste in the abnormal show interval, core sample formation chemistry element well logging are analyzed;
(14) get the H of gas sample analysis in the abnormal show interval
2S absolute content value (%);
3) well logging multiparameter data normalization is handled: because of radar map is divided into two kinds of standard radar figure, free radar maps; Standard radar figure need be according to the reservoir indicating characteristic; So 3～10 logging explanations that radar map is made in screening to be needed are estimated key parameter; Parameter is handled by the normalization standard, and it is 2 that interpretation parameters is transformed to average, and variance is 1 amount;
4) make radar map
First kind: standard radar figure
Select to show thickness H, hydrocarbon contrast factor Kc, oil bearing grade Hy, total hydrocarbon content Ct, water drip test Text, liquid hydrocarbon content S
1, factor of porosity φ, 8 well logging key parameters of ratio R OPn/s are classification X axle sign when boring, scale be a linearity, meter full scale 0～4; Using diameter is that 1.5,2.5 evaluation circle or each value are 1.5,2.5 equilateral octagon, divides A, B, three districts of C from inside to outside with radar map, corresponding poor respectively, in, three grades of demonstrations, three layers on promptly dried layer, oil bearing reservoir, hydrocarbon zone; The combination of objective of interpretation layer parameter according to correspondence is mapped on the radar map; Point on the X axle couples together, and on the radar plate, constitutes the polygon of a sealing, and the area value of this polygonal region sealing promptly is that the radar of this interpretation layer covers index E x mark, and most somes region is the SO&G rank;
The adjacent diaxon line segment of target interpretation layer constitutes a triangle on the radar map, and the length of side is respectively R
iWith R
I+1,, angle does
Triangle area:
The corresponding polygon envelope area S of target interpretation layer is also referred to as radar and covers index E x mark on the radar map:
i＝1，2，…，n；
Second kind: free radar map
Select to show thickness H, hydrocarbon contrast factor Kc, organic carbon content TOC, reservoir pressure coefficient Kf, factor of porosity φ, OPn/s6 well logging key parameter of ratio R is classification X axle sign when boring, scale is two kinds of linearity and logarithms, optimal selection is a logarithmic scale; The scale of each parameter is adjusted according to actual value, shows thickness H, hydrocarbon contrast factor Kc, scale is 1～100 from inside to outside; Organic carbon content TOC, reservoir pressure coefficient Kf, factor of porosity φ, when boring ratio R OPn/s from inside to outside scale be 0.1～10;
Using each value is 1.5,2.5 equilateral hexagon, divides A, B, three districts of C from inside to outside with radar map, corresponding poor respectively, in, three grades of demonstrations; To be mapped on the radar map by the well logging multiparameter value of certain combination balanced sorting, the occurrence of each input is represented with the length of classification X axle.Point on the X axle couples together, and on the radar plate, constitutes the polygon of a sealing, and the area value of this polygonal region sealing is that the radar of this interpretation layer covers index E x certainly; Free radar map covers index and calculates with the area of a polygon that the logging parameters value constitutes, and meter full scale is in 1～100 direct value, in 0.1～10 back+1 of taking the logarithm;
5) with cloud model YM=(Ex, En, He) expression, expectation value Ex, entropy En, three numerical characteristics of ultra entropy He characterize cloud model, its computing formula is:
In the formula: Bmax is that on-site interpretation person, finishing drilling commentator, synthetic study person explain that the corresponding radar of conclusion covers the index maximal value; Bmin is that on-site interpretation person, finishing drilling commentator, synthetic study person explain that the corresponding radar of conclusion covers the index minimum value, and He is that k generally gets 0.1;
6) utilize radar to cover index E x-degree of membership σ and draw cloud model figure, cloud model figure transverse axis is that radar covers index E x, and transverse axis is degree of membership σ, and cloud model figure is divided into A district to be done a layer district, B district low yield hydrocarbon zone district, C district and have three zones, commercial value hydrocarbon zone district;
(Ex, En He) place on the cloud model by the normal distyribution function form, and Ex value region is corresponding RESERVOIR INTERPRETATION evaluation conclusion with the cloud model equation YM=of objective of interpretation layer.
2. the well logging multiparameter hydrocarbon zone interpretation evaluation method based on radar map and cloud model according to claim 1 is characterized in that 6 or 8 logging explanations evaluations of screening making radar map needs key parameter.
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